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Peanut Growth and Gynophore Formation on Boron and Phosphor Applications Novita Rahman; Suntoro Suntoro; Amalia Tetrani Sakya
SAINS TANAH - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology Vol 16, No 1 (2019): June
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Soil is an important factor in peanut cultivation as a nutrient provider. In recent years, peanut production has dwindled due to the decrease in soil fertility. Boron as a micronutrient can maximize peanut production through optimum viability of flowers and phosphor as essential nutrients for peanut to improve its pod filling. This study aims to examine the application of boron and phosphor growth and formation of peanut gynophore. The research was conducted from September 2017 to January 2018 in Sambirembe village, Magetan. The experiment uses randomized complete block design (RCBD) with the first factor applied on the dose of boron fertilizer (0, 1, 2 3 kg ha-1) and the second was on the dose of phosphor fertilizer (0, 75, 100, 150 kg ha-1), repeated 3 times. Boron application resulted in the highest plant height at the fourth week by 10.45%. The application of 1 kg ha-1 boron without phosphorus (0 kg ha-1) yielded the highest gynophore formation, i.e. 42 gynophore formation.

Potential Use of Alkaline-Activated Indonesian Pumice Powder as Lead Adsorbent in Solution System Faridlotul Hasanah; Syaiful Anwar; Arief Hartono; Untung Sudadi
SAINS TANAH - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology Vol 16, No 2 (2019): December
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Pumice is a volcanic material that found abundant in Indonesia. Owing to its physicochemical characteristics it can be utilized as a low-cost natural adsorbent for cationic contaminants. This study aimed to assess the performances of adsorbents prepared from NaOH-activated powder of Lombok and Kediri pumices for lead removal in solution systems based on their maximum adsorption capacity and removal efficiency parameters. The adsorption tests were done in batch experimentation using pumice powder of 74 μm particle size activated with 0.5, 1, and 2 M NaOH and lead solutions with initial concentrations of 0-260 mg.L-1. The most favorable NaOH activation concentration for both pumices was 0.5 M which resulted from Lombok pumice prepared-adsorbent with Pb maximum adsorption capacity based on linearized conventional and rearranged Langmuir isothermal adsorption models of 236.4 and 186.3 mg.g-1, while those of Kediri pumice were of 218.4 and 210.8 mg.g-1, respectively. The removal efficiency of both adsorbents were >80% at the initial Pb concentration of <100 mg.L-1 and around 50-80% at 100-260 mg.L-1. Both pumices are therefore considered potential to be utilized as an adsorbent for cationic contaminants in solution systems with reliable performances.

Estimation of Soil Organic Matter on Paddy Field using Remote Sensing Method Luthfan Nur Habibi; Komariah Komariah; Dwi Priyo Ariyanto; Jauhari Syamsiyah; Takashi S.T. Tanaka
SAINS TANAH - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology Vol 16, No 2 (2019): December
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Soil organic matter (SOM) is one of the important parameters in agriculture management, thus estimating its distribution on the land will be essential. Remote sensing can be utilized to map the SOM distribution in the large-scale area. The objective of this research was to determine the estimation of SOM distribution on the paddy field in Sukoharjo Regency, Indonesia using Landsat 8 OLI imagery. The sampling points were determined by purposive sampling based on an overlay of land use classification map of paddy field, NDSI (Normalized Difference Soil Index) map, and soil type map. The analysis method was used simple linear regression (SLR) and multiple linear regression (MLR) between SOM content and a digital number of Landsat 8 OLI imagery. The SLR analysis resulted that all band except band 1 and 5 of Landsat 8 OLI Imagery have the capability to estimating SOM. The MLR model based on best subset analysis resulted in the combination of bands 3, 4, 6, and 7 was the best model for estimating SOM distribution (R2=0.399). The MLR model was used to create SOM distribution map on paddy field in Sukoharjo Regency and resulted in the SOM range of the area is distributed from very low (<1%) to moderate (2.1–4.2%) with the largest area was on low level (1–2%) about 11,028 ha. The result indicates that Landsat 8 OLI Imagery could be used for mapping the SOM distribution.

Effects of Boron Fertilization on Sunflower Grown on Low Boron Sandy Soil Khalid Dhassi; Saad Drissi; Kacem Makroum; Fatimzahra Nasreddine; Fouad Amlal; Abdelhadi Aït Houssa
SAINS TANAH - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology Vol 16, No 1 (2019): June
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Agronomists evaluate soil boron fertility with the threshold of around 0.5 mg kg-1(hot water extraction). The nonappearance of boron deficiency on sunflower, when grown on low boron sandy soil, was investigated to test the validity of this boron guideline fertility. The soil boron content was around 0.19mg kg-1. Pot experiments were conducted during 2015 season and repeated during 2016 season. Six boron levels were applied to soil: (0, 0.2, 0.5, 1, 5, and 10mg kg-1) in 2015 and (0, 2, 5, 10, 15, and 20mg kg-1) in 2016. Boron was applied as Solubor-C (Na2B8O13.4H2O, 21% of boron). The results revealed that soil boron application did not enhance kernels weight and kernels oil and protein contents. However, boronsupplyhigher than or equal to 1mg kg-1 resulted in visible leaf damage. Also, a significant decrease in kernels weight was recorded at high boron levels (15 and 20 mg kg-1). The kernels boron content did not increase with a successive increase in dose of boron supply. It was sufficient, around 16mg kg-1, for all boron tested amounts. Also, plant content on other nutrients was not affected by boron application. The soil residual boron enrichment was around 0.3 mg kg-1 for each boron application of 2 mg kg-1.

The Effects of Biochar and Compost on Different Cultivars of Shallots (Allium ascalonicum L.) Growth and Nutrient Uptake in Sandy Soil Under Saline Water Rahayu Rahayu; Jauhari Syamsiyah; Vita Ratri Cahyani; Siti Kharisma Fauziah
SAINS TANAH - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology Vol 16, No 2 (2019): December
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

High salinity irrigation will cause nutrient uptake and shallot growth to deplete due to its sensitivity to salinity. This research aimed to investigate the effect of biochar and compost on shallot growth and nutrient uptake in sandy soil like Entisol when irrigated using salty water. This research carried out some pot experiments and put on the field using a completely randomized design. The first factor was based on the amendment with control of 20 tons ha-1 of Biochar, 10 tons ha-1 of compost, and a mixture of 10 tons ha-1 biochar and 5 tons ha-1 of compost; the second factor was composed of 3 shallot cultivars (Brebes, Pemalang, and Purbalingga). Each pot was filled with 15 kg of soil; the pot 30 cm in diameter, incubated with saline water and irrigated by 2 dS m-1. The results show that irrigation with ground saline water causes Entisol to increase exchangable Na, Ece and SAR, decrease exchangeable Ca and Mg. The application of all treatments decreased SAR. The application of compost significantly increased N and K uptake but made soil pH, EC, and SAR to decrease while fresh weight and dry weight of bulb in Brebes cultivars increased. The combination of biochar with 5 tons ha-1 of compost produced the highest yield on plant height and number of tuber in Pemalang cultivars and had the largest tuber diameter in Purbalingga cultivars. There is an interaction between amendment and cultivar on plant height, fresh weight of tuber (P<0.01), dry weight of tuber (P<0.01).

Aggregate stability of Alfisols root zone upon turfgrass treatment Rahayu Rahayu; Jauhari Syamsiyah; Laila Nikmatus Sa'diyah
SAINS TANAH - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology Vol 17, No 1 (2020): June
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Soil degradation mostly occurs on land where a lack of surface coverage results in soil-aggregate destruction due to heavy rainfall. Turfgrass is an ornamental plant and covers the soil surface and, thus, potentially improves soil-aggregate stability. This study determined the potential of some summer grasses to improve soil-aggregate stability and was a pilot experiment using six turfgrass species: Paspalum vaginatum; middle-leaf Zoysia sp.; Cynodon dactylon; coarse-leaf Zoysia sp.; Axonopus compressus; Zoysia matrella. Turfgrasses were planted using stolons in a 0.6 m2 plot unit with 5 cm x 5 cm space. Lawn maintenance included irrigation, fertilizing, and weeding. Soil characteristics were observed six months after planting and showed that turfgrass increased the soil-aggregate index from 42.3% to 83.0% in control, and carbon particles measuring 6.4 μm from 28.3% to 63.0%.

Adding manure and zeolite to improve soil chemical properties and increase soybean yield Slamet Minardi; Isna Luthfa Haniati; Alif Husna Lantip Nastiti
SAINS TANAH - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology Vol 17, No 1 (2020): June
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Increasing domestic soybean production is an important part of the effort to reduce reliance on imports. One potential area for improvement is developing soybean crops in Alfisols. Alfisols require intensive effort due to their poor soil chemical properties. Manure and zeolite were proposed as candidate materials that could be used to improve soil chemical properties to support plant growth and increase the productivity of cultivated land. The experiment was designed to study the addition of manure and zeolite on soil chemical properties of Alfisols and soybean yield. The experimental design was arranged in a factorial completely randomized block design with two factors—three rates of zeolite (Z0 = 0 t ha-1, Z1 = 2.5 t ha-1 and Z2 = 5 t ha-1) and three manure variables (P0 = no manure, P1 = 5 t ha-1 cow manure, and P2 = 5 t ha-1 quail manure)—with three replications. The results showed that a combination of 5 t ha-1 zeolite and cow manure increased soybean yield. However, zeolite 5 t ha-1 resulted in the greatest improvement in soil chemical properties—the highest CEC, soil organic matter percentage, and pH.

Analysis of drought hazards in agricultural land in Pacitan Regency, Indonesia Istika Nita; Aditya Nugraha Putra; Alia Fibrianingtyas
SAINS TANAH - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology Vol 17, No 1 (2020): June
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Pacitan Regency is a region in East Java Province with varied landforms and high disaster potential, including drought. The drought hazard in this region has not yet been determined. This study was conducted to analyze the potential of drought in Pacitan Regency in 2018 with the previous two decades (1998 and 2008) to predict future droughts. The study also focused on verifying how land-use changes impact drought potential. Mapping drought potential was based on the Ministry of Forestry method and was modified for this study. Drought potential was determined by scoring features and analyzing with a weighted overlay. Reference parameters and patterns of land-use change, as determined by Landsat 5, 7, and 8 satellite imagery, were analyzed. Then, the changing pattern was used to predict future 2030 land-use patterns using business as usual (BAU) analysis. For comparison, a land-use analysis was also done using the land capability class (LCC) and regional spatial plan (RSP). Data was validated using a confusion matrix. The accuracy of the drought estimation for Pacitan Regency was 75%. The results showed that the drought potential high and very-high level risk groups increased. The increase occurred due to changes in land use, specifically land management and plant species selection. Based on the results of the predicting BAU analysis, the level of potential of drought will increase by 2030. The regional spatial plan (RSP) and LCC analysis determined that, with no drought intervention, drought hazard in Pacitan Regency will increase.

Rehabilitation of critical land by Implementing complex agroforestry at the prioritized subwatersheds in the Muria Region Maria Theresia Sri Budiastuti; Djoko Purnomo; Hendy Hendro; Untung Sudjianto; Budi Gunawan
SAINS TANAH - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology Vol 17, No 1 (2020): June
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

The prioritized subwatersheds are comprised of seven subwatersheds that have been declared critical within the 52 subwatersheds in the Muria Mountains. An area of approximately 11,000 ha, the topography of the prioritized subwatersheds is wavy—the typical slope ranges from 25 to 45%—and susceptible to erosion. The purpose of this research was to evaluate agroforestry cropping patterns to support soil conservation and reclamation on critical lands. This study is a quantitative description of research conducted through survey. The results show that most of the researched area has Inceptisols soil type with sandy, clay, and loam textures. The nitrogen, phosphate, potassium, C-organic, and organic matter contents are relatively low while the vegetation Diversity Index is categorized as medium. Sengon trees dominate in the prioritized subwatersheds area, followed by mahogany, coffee, and teak with average Importance Values of 89.57, 60.24, 78.40, and 21.03, respectively. This research shows that an agroforestry system comprised of sengon trees and coffee is ideally applied in the prioritized subwatersheds. Coffee requires shade and reduces rain-induced erosion; sengon trees function as a shade while at the same time contributing to the soil as a source of nutrients. During rains, this combined agroforestry system is able to control surface runoff and soil erosion. A sengon/coffee-tree based agroforestry system is ecologically friendly and appropriate for development in the prioritized subwatersheds.

Predicting peatland groundwater table and soil moisture dynamics affected by drainage level Bambang Widiarso; Slamet Minardi; Komariah Komariah; Tino Orciny Chandra; Mohamed Abdesalam Elmahdi; Masateru Senge
SAINS TANAH - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology Vol 17, No 1 (2020): June
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Excessive drainage of peatlands can cause subsidence and irreversible drying; therefore, it is necessary to predict groundwater levels in peatlands to ensure adequate water for crops and control excessive water loss simultaneously. This study aimed to predict the peatland groundwater level and soil moisture affected by drainage. This research was conducted in a peatland located in Rasau Jaya Umum, Kubu Raya Regency, West Kalimantan Province, Indonesia from February to December 2016. Three treatments of drainage setting were established with maize cropping: without drainage (P0) and drainage channel with water level maintained at depths of 30 cm (P1) and 60 cm (P2) from the soil surface. The results indicated that a polynomial regression model is a good approach to predicting groundwater table level and soil moisture in peatlands, with R2 values ranging 0.71-0.96 and 0.65-0.93, respectively. For agricultural purposes, maintaining the water level at 30 cm from the soil surface in the drainage channel appears to be the ideal level as adequate soil moisture is provided for annual cash crops and drying is prevented simultaneously.

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Location Kota surakarta, Jawa tengah INDONESIA

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Contact Name
-

Contact Email
-

Phone
-

Journal Mail Official
-

Editorial Address
-

Location
Kota surakarta,

Jawa tengah

INDONESIA