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Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan

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Published by Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

ISSN : 25415166 EISSN : 25415174 DOI : 10.21082

Core Subject : Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan merupakan publikasi yang memuat makalah ilmiah primer hasil penelitian tanaman pangan (padi dan palawija). Redaksi menerima makalah dari peneliti Puslitbang Tanaman Pangan, Balai Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian (BPTP), maupun perguruan tinggi. Makalah yang dikirimkan hendaknya sudah mendapat persetujuan dari pimpinan instansi masing-masing. Ketentuan penulisan makalah untuk dapat dimuat di jurnal ini tertera dalam "Author Guidelines/Petunjuk bagi Penulis" di halaman terakhir Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian.

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Articles 9 Documents

Search results for , issue "Vol 1, No 2 (2017): Agustus 2017" : 9 Documents clear

Perbaikan Kesuburan dan Kualitas Tanah Bekas Ubikayu Melalui Pengembalian Biomassa Kacang Tanah dan Jagung Wijanarko, Andy; Purwanto, Benito Heru; Shiddieq, Djaâ€™far; Indradewa, Didik
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 1, No 2 (2017): Agustus 2017
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Continuous planting of cassava can reduce soil fertility and yield of cassava. Returns of plant biomass can reduce the rate of decline in soil fertility. This study aims to determine the effect of the return of groundnut biomass in improving soil fertility and soil quality at cassava land. Laboratory and greenhouse studies have been conducted in Iletri Malang. Laboratory studies to determine the mineralization of N, experiment using a completely randomized design with three replications. The treatment consists of : the first factor (origin biomass): groundnut, maize, groundnut, maize 1: 1 (w/w), groundnut - maize 2: 1 (w/w), groundnut - maize 1: 2 (w/w) and without biomass, while the second factor (duration of land utilization for cassava): less than 10 years and more than 30 years. N mineralization estimated using first order equations. Greenhouse experiment using a randomized block design with treatment as same as with laboratory experiments. Parameter observations greenhouse experiment was pH, N and C in total, NH4+, NO3-, N labile fractions, C labile fractions and uptake of N, P, K. The results showed that application of groundnut : maize biomass ( 2: 1), increase the rate of mineralization (K) by 43% -56% and increase the amount of N mineralized (N0) by 171-222% as compared with no biomass application. Application of groundnut : maize biomass (1: 1) or groundnut : maize biomass (2: 1) is able to improve soil fertility as reflected by the increasing availability of total N, C-organic, NH4 + and NO3, improve the soil qualityÂ with increase in the soil quality parameters ( N and C labile fractions), andÂ increases of the uptake of N, P and K by cassava. Returns biomass either groundnut mixed with maize or not, has the potential to restore soil fertility.

Daya Gabung Inbrida Jagung Toleran Cekaman Kekeringan dan Nitrogen Rendah pada Pembentukan Varietas Hibrida Efendi, Roy; M., Andi Takdir; Azrai, Muhammad
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 1, No 2 (2017): Agustus 2017
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Low maize grain yield due to drought and low N stresses maybe overcome by growing tolerance hybrid maize varieties. The objectives of this research were to analyze the combining ability of eight inbred lines possessing those traits and indentify suitable parental inbred lines which can be used to develop single cross hybrid tolerant to drought andÂ low nitrogen. Eight inbred lines were crossed using complete diallel cross design of Griffingâ€™s- I on Februry to June, 2014. Those inbred lines were 1044-30, DTPYC9-F46-3-9-1-1-B (for drought tolerance), MR 14 (medium drought tolerance), G20133077 (tolerant to low N), CY 11, CLRCY039 (medium tolerant to low N), and CY12 and G2013631 (for drought and low N sensitive). Fifty-six experimental hybrids derived from diallel crosses, eight inbred lines and four commercial hybrid varieties as checks were evaluated under managed drought, low dosage of N fertilization and under optimum condition, during the dry season (July to October) of 2014. Randomized complete block design three replications was used in each different stressÂ condition. The results showed that CY 11, G2013631, and MR 14 inbred lines possesed good general combining ability (GCA) for grain yield under drought, low N, and optimum conditions. These inbred lines also showed good GCA for the secondary traits such as large stem, delayed leaf rolling and late leaf senescence to support for high grain yield under drought stress and low N condition. Inbred lines of drought and low N sensitive such as G2013631, but had high GCA, could be used as parent to develop drought and low N tolerance hybrids if crossed with inbred lines having medium-tolerant to drought or tolerant to low N, such as G20133077, which had low DGU, or CY11 which had high GCA. Hybrid maize tolerantÂ toÂ droughtÂ andÂ tolerant to low N, such as CY11 x G20133077, G20133077 x G2013631, and CY 11 x G2013631, produced significantly higher grain yield, over 8 t/ha, under drought and under low N, as compared with hybrid varieties Bima 3 and Bisi 2, which yielded 5.91 and 6.59 t/ha under drought, and 6.82 and 7.01 t/ha under low N condition. Grain yields under optimum condition were positively correlated with those under both drought and low N conditions. The result suggests that it is possible for improving grain yield of hybrid maize, simultaneously for optimum, drought stress and low N conditions.

PERKEMBANGAN POPULASI TIKUS SAWAH PADA LAHAN SAWAH IRIGASI DALAM POLA INDEKS PERTANAMAN PADI 300 Sudarmaji, Sudarmaji
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 1, No 2 (2017): Agustus 2017
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

As the main pest in rice crop, the rice field rats have to be controlled to anticipate yield loss. A specific study was conducted in ICRR field station in the period of August 2007-August 2008 within a 150 ha of intensified cropping area. The aim of this research was to study the population growth of the rice field rat in this intensified cropping system. The planting date was scheduled in such a way, so there will be three times of harvesting within a year.Â Rat population sampling was performed by using Trap Barrier System (TBS) and Linear Trap Barrier System (LTBS). Seven units of TBS (25 m x 25 m) were set randomly either in their main habitats or the edge of the rice cropping area. A single unit of 10,000 m LTBS supported with 150 traps was erected surrounding all through the area. A regular daily counting was done to estimate the rat population based on the number of rat captured from TBS and LTBS. The level of rat damage and yield loss were other variables have been recorded. The results depicted that there was a significant increase of rat population growth which started from the first planting season through the next seasons (Planting season-2 and planting season-3). The rat captured from TBS increased significantly from 224 individuals during the planting season-1 to 492 and 677 animals during the next two planting seasons, respectively. The same figures were also performed from the rat captured from the LTBS, which increased from 429 rats in the plating season-1 to 1,423 and 1,733 individuals in the planting season-2 and 3, respectively. Rat attack within the three planting seasons were classified as light damage (<20%) and the average of rice yield was around 5.54-7.83 t/ha.

Keragaman Genetik Gandum (Triticum aestivum L) Hasil Persilangan Konvergen Nur, Amin; Syahruddin, Karlina; Pabendon, Marcia B.
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 1, No 2 (2017): Agustus 2017
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Wheat is a subtropical crop with a limited genetic resources in indonesia since it belong to tropical country. Convergent breeding is an effort to expand genetic diversity in wheat and to get the plant genotipes that have spesific characters. The aim of this reserch was to determineÂ genetic diversity of wheat segregants resulted from convergent breeding using Simple Sequence Repeats (SSRs).Â Fifty seven wheat genotipes were tested using 39 SSR markersÂ to determine theirÂ diversity. The results showed grouping by upgma of similarity matrixÂ with genetic similarity coefficient ranged from 0.30 to 0.95. The similarity coefficient at 0.3 separated the 57 genotipes into two groups: the first group consisted of segregants, Oasis and Guri1 and Guri2 and the second group consisted of Dewata, Alibey, Rabe/M088, Selayar, HP 1744 and Tepoca/Rabe. Alleles which are formed from the entire genotipes using 39 primers were 137 alleles with a range of base pairs formed between 85.6-553 bp. PIC value and the average number of alleles were 0.35 and 3.51, respectively. The genetic variability being increased in wheat germplasm population and obtained 22 candidates of genotipe recombination having a high value of genetic distance (â‰¥0.75) with a chance of many recombination.

Keragaman dan Pengelompokan Sumber Daya Genetik Kacang Tunggak [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] Trustinah, Trustinah; Kasno, Astanto; Mejaya, Made Jana
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 1, No 2 (2017): Agustus 2017
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] is a legume thatÂ tolerant to drought and acid soil, that is prospective for development in sub-optimal area. A total of 150 cowpea accessions were grown at Muneng Research Station (Probolinggo) in dry seasson of 2014, using a randomized block design, with two replications.Â Each accession were planted alongÂ two rows of 4 m. The accession was varied for the qualitative and quantitative traits. Most of the accession had ovate leaf shape, flower color purple,Â cream color of mature pod, and seed color brown to yellowish. Seed yield had a high phenotipic and genotypic coefficient of variation and genetic advance.Â Low of phenotipic and genotypic coefficient of variation were shown on days to 50% flowering and days to physiological maturing.Â Characteristics of cowpea accessions for eight variables 64.2% can be explained by three factors. The first factor relates to seed yield component (number of fertile nodes, number of branches, and seed weight), second factor associated with plant age (date of flowering and harvesting), and the third factor is the supporting factors (plant height, pod length, and number of seeds per pod). Accessions of cowpea could be divided into three groups. Date of flowering and harvesting were a determinant variable discriminant function. Group I consistingÂ 70 accessions dominated by accessions with early maturity, medium plant height,Â Â long pods, high number of seeds per pod and high seed yield.Â Group II consisting of 47 accessions with moderate maturity, short plants, short pods, low number of seeds per pod and low seed yield. Group III consisting of 33 accessions was characterized by moderate maturity, high plant, short pods, high number of seeds per pod and high seed yield.

Identifikasi dan Efektivitas Bakteri Dekomposer Terhadap Limbah Batang daun Jagung untuk Pupuk Organik Faesal, Faesal; Djaenuddin, Nurasiah; Soenartiningsih, Soenartiningsih
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 1, No 2 (2017): Agustus 2017
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Maize waste is difficult to decompose naturally, therefore needed special treatment to accelerate dissolved of maize waste. Identification and effectivity tested of decomposer bacteria on maize waste for organic fertilizer is one ways to overcome these problem. The research aim to find effective bacteria as decomposer of maize waste as organic fertilizer. Research was conducted in South Sulawesi Indonesia in June to Desember 2013. The first step in this research was collecting soil sample from many natural habitat ie: maize planting site, heap of stem and corn cob, heap of paddy straw or husk, and heap of sorghum stem. The second step where soil sample bring to the Pest and Plant Diseases Laboratory of ICERI for identify decomposer cellulolitic bacteria. We have identified 120 isolate than screened by temperature 50o C and we found of 29 decomposer bacteria by assumption. Furthermore those isolate were tested in vitro 29 sellulolitic bacteria and we found 16 effective sellulolitic bacteria. Than 16 effective sellulolitic bacteria we tested by using stem and leaf of maize in green house and finally found of 6 effective decomposer bacteria, which more effective compared to EM4 as a control. Those isolate decomposer bacteria more effective are: E7.1, E7.3, B7.1 (Bacillus sp), E7.7, H7.1 (Escherichia sp), and C4.1 (Micrococcus sp).

Korelasi Kandungan Antosianin Total dengan Parameter Warna (L*, a*, dan b*) dan Penanda Mikrosatelit pada Beras Hitam Lokal Kristamtini, Kristamtini; Taryono, Taryono; Basunanda, Panjisakti; Murti, Rudi Hari
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 1, No 2 (2017): Agustus 2017
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Black rice is a functional food for itsÂ high anthocyanin contents expressed on purple-black rice color. The study aimed to determine the correlation between: total anthocyanin content withÂ L *, a *, and b * color variable, total anthocyanin content with color morphology and total anthocyanin content microsatellite markers. Eleven local black rice varietiesÂ from Yogyakarta Assesment Institute of Agriculture Technology collections and two varieties of white rice (Situbagendit and Inpari 6 Jete) were planted on plastic pots in a green house. The tried was arrangedÂ Â completely randomized design with five replications. At three weeks after planting, the leaf samples were are taken for DNA isolation and further PCR amplificationsÂ using four microsatellite markers (RM 180, RM 220, RM 224 and RM 252). The black rice grain were observed based on color morphology using a Chromameter and analyzedÂ for then anthocyanin contents. Regression, correlation, and path analysis were conducted to determine the relationship between total anthocyanin content and L* a* b * color variable, color morphology, and microsatellite markers. The results showed that there is correlation between total anthocyanin contentÂ with color parameters (L* = -0,568,Â a* = -0,561, b*= 0,844).Â Total anthocyanin content is correlation too with color scor of morfology and totalÂ Â microsatellite markers ((RM 180 =-0,419, RM 220 =0,27, RM 224 =-0,493, RM 252 =0,265) and color scor of morphologyÂ = -0,442. Selection of high-anthocyanin content of rice can use the color variable criterion (L*anÂ a* low, andÂ b * high). Microsatellite markers RM 220 and RM 252 can be used as moleculer markers for rice of high anthocyanin content.

Evaluasi Stabilitas Hasil Jagung Hibrida Menggunakan Metode Genotype and Genotype by Environment Interaction Biplot (GGE BIPLOT) Priyanto, Slamet Bambang; Efendi, Roy; Z., Bunyamin; Azrai, M.; Syakir, M.
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 1, No 2 (2017): Agustus 2017
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Visualization of GGE biplot analyses was able to explain the genotype by environment interaction. This research was aimed to determine the yield stability of promising experimental maize hybrids in eight locations based GGE biplot method. Ten promising experimental maize hybrids and two commercial hybrid varieties as check, namely: HBSTK01, HBSTK03, HBSTK05, HBSTK06, HBSTK07, HBSTK08, HBSTK09, HBSTK10, HBSTK11, HBSTK13 and Bima 16 and Pertiwi 3 were evaluated in eight locations, ie. Bangka (Bangka Belitung), Probolinggo (East Java), Minahasa Utara (North Sulawesi), Donggala (Central Sulawesi), Soppeng, South Sulawesi, Gowa (South Sulawesi, Konawe (Southeast Sulawesi)and Lombok Barat (West Nusa Tenggara) from May to October 2013. The treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with 3 replications. Variable measured was grain yield. Analysis of variance was performed for data from each study site, to determine the performance of each genotype at each location. Yield stability analysis was performed by GGE biplot method using PB tools software. Results showed that genotype H9 (HBSTK11) had the highest biological stability with grain yield of 10.37 t/ha, higer than the overall mean yield. The best hybrid with the highest yield and good stability was hybrid H6 (HBSTK08) of 11.08 t/ha. This experimental hybrid is considered potential to be released as new hybrid variety. North Minahasa is considered the most suitable location for testing, whereas Konawe and West Lombok are least suitable, compared with the other locations.

Komposisi Dan Dominasi Patotipe Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae Penyebab Hawar Daun Bakteri Pada Tanaman Padi Dengan Pola Tanam Tidak Serempak Yuliani, Dini; Sudir, Sudir
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 1, No 2 (2017): Agustus 2017
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Research to determine the dynamics of composition and domination of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) pathotype, the bacterial leaf blight (BLB) pathogen of rice in areas with different planting time was carried out in Klaten Regency, Central Java Province, in the Wet Season (WS) 2014/2015 and Dry Season (DS) 2015. The research consisted three steps, namely: observation and sampling of plants in the field, isolation the pathogen in the laboratory, and pathotype identification in the greenhouse. Observations and samplings of diseased plants in each growing season were conducted at planting time, i.e.: early planting (I), mid planting (II), and late planting (III). The results showed that Xoo pathotype composition in WS 2014/2015 and DS 2015 were pathotype III, IV, and VIII with varying dominance between the planting period in the season, as well as between seasons, and between observation location. The composition of Xoo pathotype was dominated by pathotype IV in the early and mid planting periods of WS 2014/2015, whereas at the end of planting period was dominated by pathotype III. Xoo composition in early, mid, and late planting periods of DS 2015 was dominated by pathotype III. Based on these results is suggested to control BLB in non synchronous cropping pattern at early and mid planting period of wet season by planting resistant varieties to Xoo pathotype IV, while in areas the late planting period, it is suggested to planting resistant varieties to Xoo pathotype III and VIII. The BLB control in areas with early, mid, and late planting periods of dry season is suggested to planting resistant varieties to Xoo pathotype III or VIII.

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