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Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan

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Published by Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

ISSN : 25415166 EISSN : 25415174 DOI : 10.21082

Core Subject : Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan merupakan publikasi yang memuat makalah ilmiah primer hasil penelitian tanaman pangan (padi dan palawija). Redaksi menerima makalah dari peneliti Puslitbang Tanaman Pangan, Balai Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian (BPTP), maupun perguruan tinggi. Makalah yang dikirimkan hendaknya sudah mendapat persetujuan dari pimpinan instansi masing-masing. Ketentuan penulisan makalah untuk dapat dimuat di jurnal ini tertera dalam "Author Guidelines/Petunjuk bagi Penulis" di halaman terakhir Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian.

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Articles 10 Documents

Search results for , issue "Vol 35, No 1 (2016): April 2016" : 10 Documents clear

Willingness to Accept dan Willingness to Pay Petani dan Konsumen terhadap Padi Hibrida di Sentra Produksi Jawa Timur Adnyana, Made Oka; Wardana, Putu
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 35, No 1 (2016): April 2016
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Research on hybrid rice in Indonesia was initiated in 1983, in collaboration with the International Rice Research Institute. Since 2000 private sector had indicated their interest in hybrid rice seed business. Planted area of hybrid rice in Indonesia was still relatively small of about 658 thousand hectares or about 5.0 percent of the total rice planted area of 13.2 million hectares in 2013. This study was aimed to analyze farmersâ€™ responses and preferences to the development of hybrid rice in East Java, one of the rice production center in Indonesia. Contingent valuation method (CVM) to analyze farmersâ€™ Willingness to Accept (WTA) and Willingness to Pay (WTP) with respect to various factors was then exercised to evaluate constraints and prospect of the future of hybrid rice development in Indonesia. The outputs of this study showed that farmersâ€™ preferences to hybrid rice based on its taste was positive, especially to the newly introduced hybrid rice variety â€œHipa Jatimâ€, when compared with the previous hybrid varieties, such as Maro and Rokan. WTA and WTP also showed significant farmersâ€™ interests to the hybrid variety, due to higher yield and its better taste, similar to that of popular inbred rice. Farmersâ€™ WTAs of hybrid rice was significantly influenced by the productivity, response to pests and deseases, and the total cost of production, while consummersâ€™ WTPs of hybrid rice was significantly influened by the quality of milled rice.

Mutu Fisik, Mutu Giling dan Mutu Fungsional Beras Varietas Lokal Kalimantan Barat Indrasari, Siti Dewi; Rakhmi, Ami Teja; Subekti, Agus; Kristamtini, Kristamtini
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 35, No 1 (2016): April 2016
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

The physical of paddy and milled rice qualities, physicochemical properties and the functional properties of milled rice were analyzed to study the grain characteristics of four local paddy varieties derived from West Kalimantan. The study was conducted at Post Harvest Grain Quality Laboratory, Indonesian Center for Rice Research in 2013. Method used for physical and milling quality properties followed IRRI method. Functional characteristic was analyzed using LC-MS. The observations were done in six replications. The data was analyzed for the correlation among characters. Significant correlation between characters was further analysed for regression equation. The shapes of grains of local rice varieties were slim to medium. There was correlation between paddy moisture content and head rice percentage, between damaged grain and paddy density, between yield of brown rice and yield of milled rice, and percentage of head rice, between percentage of head rice and yield of milled rice, and between empty grain and broken grain. The functional character relationship showed that Cyanidin 3 Glucosidase (C3G) content of brown rice influenced the C3G content of milled rice. â€œSanikâ€ red rice, â€œBeliahâ€ purple rice and â€œBalikâ€ black rice may be useful to be used as parent for crossing in the breeding program for functional rice varieties, due to their good quality of milled rice and their high content of C3G. The C3G is considered as anticancer, antioxidant, anti coronaria heart disease and it improves fat profiles in the blood. Therefore, colored rice is recommended to be consumed in a form of brown rice or milled rice with 80% degree milling to retain the C3G content which is beneficial for the human health.

Penggunaan Herbisida untuk Pengendalian Gulma pada Budi Daya Kedelai Jenuh Air di Lahan Pasang Surut Perkasa, Achmad Yozar; Ghulamahdi, Munif; Guntoro, Dwi
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 35, No 1 (2016): April 2016
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Weed is a problem on the soybean saturated culture in tidal swamp land. The objective of this study was to obtain the most effective herbicide for weed control on soybean planted under saturated culture in the tidal swamp land. Research was conducted in tidal swamp land at Banyu Urip village, Tanjung Lago districs, Banyuasin, South Sumatra Province, from July to December 2013, using a randomized block design consisted, of the eight treatments, with three replications. The treatments were: control (P0), manual weeding 4 weeks after planting (P1), paraquat 2 l/ha 4 weeks after planting (P2), glyphosate 3 l/ha 4 after planting (P3), oxyfluorfen 2 l/ha 3 days before planting (P4), oxyfluorfen 3 days before planting 2 l/ha followed application of paraquat 4 weeks after planting 2 l/ha (P5), oxyfluorfen 3 days before planting 2 l/ha followed application of glyphosate 4 weeks after planting 3 l/ha (P6), penoxulam 1 l/ha 2 weeks after planting (P7). Results showed that herbicide paraquat effectively suppressed total dry weight of weeds at 4, 6, and 8 weeks after planting. Cyperus iria was the most dominant weed in the field, with Sum Dominance Ratio 37.7%. The highest soybean productivity was 3.7 t/ha obtained from glyphosate treatment. Pre-emergence herbicide applications should be done prior to soybean planting and the post-emergence herbicide application must be done carefully by using nozzle lid to prevent toxicity to the crop plants.

Pengaruh Perubahan Iklim terhadap Produksi Tanaman Pangan di Provinsi Maluku Santoso, Agung Budi
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 35, No 1 (2016): April 2016
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

This study was aimed to determine the impact of climate change on food crops performance in the Maluku province, based on the climatological data from 1995 to 2012, and to find out crop commodities that are adaptable to climate change. This study used four models of trend analysis: linear least square pattern, quadratic, exponential, and moving averages. The results of forecasting were used to estimate food crop production in the year of climate change to determine the impact of climate change on crop production. Results showed that soybean was the most sensitive crop to climate change, it had the biggest impact on production, yield declined on both El Nino (10.7%) and La Nina (11.4%). Paddy which is generally cultivated on the wetlands, El Nino had the smallest effect on a decrease of production of 2.9% and 2.4% increased on the La Nina. Corn production decreased 7.4% on the El Nino and 3.9% increased during the La Nina. Sweet potatoes was the most resistant crop to climate change, the impact was increased production by 2.5% during El Nino. To reduce the impacts of climate changes could be done through some efforts, namely: (1) to identify areas of potential drought, floods, pests and diseases endemic based on climate and soil conditions, (2) to develop prediction techniques, based on weather and climate forecasts to provide early warning to farmers, (3) to prepare and disseminate a package of technology which is able to withstand the adverse conditions of the El Nino and La Nina, including varieties, pest and disease prevention, and production inputs which are easily obtained by farmers, (4) to improve irrigation and drainage channels, mainly on the paddy fields to increase production capacity and to prevent crop failure during the dry season.

Kelayakan Finansial Penerapan Teknologi Budi Daya Jagung pada Lahan Sawah Tadah Hujan Syuryawati, Syuryawati; Faesal, Faesal
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 35, No 1 (2016): April 2016
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Cultivation of maize applying integrated crop management approach (ICM) is an attempt to obtain higher productivity and better income for farmers, through an optimum production efficiency. Research was conducted to study the feasibility of the recommended maize production technology by verifying its selected components on the rainfed area. The components included: plant population, planting method, and rates of fertilizers. The research was conducted in Pangkep and Barru on rainfed areas, involving farmersâ groups as participants, each site from May to September 2012, and July to October 2012, respectively. Results indicated that the optimum rate of N fertilizer on the rainfed was 202.5-225 kg N/ha to increase farmerâs income. Plant population of 66,666 plants/ha was considered optimum on plant spacing of 75 cm x 20 cm or paired rows of (100-50) cm x 20 cm, each giving yield and benefit of relatively similar. Hybrid varieties evaluation indicated that Bima-3 Bantimurung produced higher yield than did Bisi-2, the highest yield was 12.07 t/ha with the benefit of Rp 22,457,625/ha. The MBCR in Pangkep was 8.31 and in Barru was 7.50. The cost of production per kg of grain of Bima-3 Bantimurung was lower, at Rp 640-750/kg. Integration technology components comprise of fertilizers, planting method, and superior variety is recommended for an efficient and profitable maize farming on the rainfed areas.

Deteksi Virus Tungro pada Gulma Padi Sawah Menggunakan Teknik PCR Ladja, Fausiah T.; Hidayat, Sri Hendrastuti; Damayanti, Tri Asmira; Rauf, Aunu
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 35, No 1 (2016): April 2016
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Virus tungro disease is a serious problem to rice crop in a certain area of rice production in Indonesia. The disease is caused by a combined infection of Rice Tungro Bacilliform Virus (RTBV) and Rice Tungro Spherical Virus (RTSV). Both viruses were reported to infect ratoon rice plants, weeds, and wild rice. The study was conducted to detect RTBV and RTSV on some weeds. Weed samples were collected from rice fields in West Java, Bali, West Nusa Tenggara, Papua, and West Sumatera. The detection of RTBV and RTSV were carried out using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and Reverse Transcription (RT) â€“ PCR, employing coat protein gene specific primers. RTBV specific DNA fragment of ~1400 bp size was successfully amplified from various weed species including: F. miliacea, C. iria, M. vaginalis, L. adscendens, S. zeylanica, D. sanguinalis, and E. crusgalli. RTSV specific DNA fragment of ~787 bp size was successfully amplified from weed species of F. miliacea, L. octovalvis, and D. sanguinalis. RTBV or RTSV specific DNA fragment was not amplified from L. flava and P. distichum. Weed samples infected by both viruses did not show any tungro symptom. Virus detection based on molecular technique was able to determine the status of weed whether it is as an alternate host of viruses. Weeds sanitation prior to rice planting, therefore, should be considered as an integral part of virus disease management.

Preferensi Petani terhadap Jagung Hibrida Berdasarkan Karakter Agronomik, Produktivitas, dan Keuntungan Usahatani Biba, M. Arsyad
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 35, No 1 (2016): April 2016
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Some hybrid maize varieties had been adopted by farmers, but farmers responded differently toward each variety. The objective of the present study was to know the farmersâ€™ responses to hybrid variety based on agronomic characters, productivity, and income among four hybrid maize, namely N-35, BISI-2, BIMA-3, and SHS-11 variety. The research was conducted in Takalar regency, South Sulawesi from March to November 2014. Sampling method was purposive, the number of respondents were 60 farmers. Information were derived from primary and secondary data. Primary data were obtained through survey and interview using structured questionaires. Technical analysis using R/C ratio was presented on tables then discussed in a descriptive-qualitative. Results showed that farmers planted BIMA-3 variety were able to obtain yield of 9.5 t/ha at 16% of moisture content, gaining the highest profit of Rp 15,875,000/ha. The superiority of BIMA-3 were its germination was better, the seed cost was cheaper, resistant to downey-mildew and stemborer, tolerant to drought stress, produced higher yields and its biomass stayed green, so that it was suitable for animal feeding. Variety N-35, BISI-2, and SHS-11 were not resistant to downey-mildew disease, the yields ranged from 6.9 t/ha to 7.9 t/ha, and their biomass were not stayed green. The highest R/C ratio was obtained from BIMA-3 (2.71), followed by BISI-2 (2.61), N-35 (2.53), SHS-11 (2.44) and OPVs (2.33). B/C Ratio of BIMA-3 was (1.71), BISI-2 (1.61), N-35 (1.53), SHS-11 (1.44), OPVs (1.33), and MBCR of BIMA-3 (2.13), BISI-2 (2.04), N-35 (1.86), and SHS-11(1.64). Therefore, BIMA-3 hybrid variety could be recommended for maize farming in South Sulawesi.

Karakterisasi Morfologi, Anatomi dan Fisiologi Galur Mutan Gandum yang Ditanam di Dataran Rendah Tropik Sari, Laela; Purwito, Agus; Sopandie, Didy; Purnamaningsih, Ragapadmi; Sudarmonowati, Enny
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 35, No 1 (2016): April 2016
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Characterization of mutant wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) lines is a step on the breeding program to determine the beneficial characters for increasing the productivity in tropical lowland. The aim of this research was to obtain information on the variability of morphological, anatomical, and physiological characters that could be used as selection criteria and to obtain adaptive mutant lines of â€œAlibeyâ€ in tropical low altitude land. Research was conducted at the Experimental Farm of SEAMEO-BIOTROP in Bogor 250 m above sea level, from April to December 2013. Mutant lines of â€œAlibeyâ€ consisted of 16 M3 mutants resulted from treatments of EMS. LC50 of â€œAlibeyâ€ at 0.1% EMS for 60 minutes. Results showed that the mutant lines changed their morphological traits significantly, as indicated by the four characters i.e. long stem panicle (8 mutants), grain weight/panicle (1 mutant), weight of 100 seeds (4 mutants) and seed weight/plant (9 mutants). However, the mutant had no significant effect on the nine other characters, including: time of flowering, days to maturing, panicle length, plant height, number of tillers, panicle number, and leaf area. Anatomical characters namely leaf thickness and stomata size showed different values between â€œAlibeyâ€ mutant (AB-0.1.60-1-7-1) and the original Alibey. For the physiological characters there were significant differences among mutants with respect to the amount of proline and glucose levels. Proline level in the control plant was 4.15 ug/g BB, while that in mutant â€œAB-0.1.60-3-16-1â€ was 263.47 Âµg/g BB, and that in â€œAB-0.1.60-3-3-2â€ was 235.90 Âµ/g BB. Likewise, glucose level in control was 132.88 mg/ml, while in mutant â€œAB-0.1.60-3-16-1â€ was 181.48 mg/ml, and that in â€œAB-0.1.60-3-3-2â€ was 287.41 mg/ml. â€œAlibeyâ€ mutants should be selected based on two characters i.e. stem panicle length and seed weight/plant. Correlation analysis between panicle number and all other characters were not significant. Plant height significantly affected the grain weight/panicle and the grain weight/plant. It is expected that some of the mutants are adaptable to the tropical lowlands, so that the diversity of wheat germplasm in Indonesia is increased.

Preferensi Wereng Batang Cokelat terhadap Varietas Padi dan Ketahanan Varietas Padi terhadap Virus Kerdil Hampa Suprihanto, Suprihanto; Somowiyarjo, Susamto; Hartono, Sedyo; Trisyono, Y. Andi
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 35, No 1 (2016): April 2016
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Rice ragged stunt virus (RRSV) is transmitted by brown planthopper in the persistent manner. This disease in recent years has become a serious problem in Indonesia and some other countries, such as China, Vietnam, Philippines, and Thailand. Disease control is usually conducted by the vector control using insecticides, so often causes an environmental pollution. An alternative control method is using the environmentally friendly of resistant varieties. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of preference of brown planthopper (BPH) to some varieties and rice germplasms, the resistance of several varieties against rice ragged stunt virus (RRSV) disease and its effectiveness as an inoculum source of virus (RRSV). A total of 15 varieties of rice were used in preference test of BPH and resistance test to RRSV. The test for resistance varieties to RRSV was conducted by transmission of 2nd instar of BPH for 3 days of acquisition feeding period, 10 days incubation period and 24 hours inoculation period with population density of 3 BPH/plant. Disease index was calculated and used to determine the level of plant resistance. Varieties that showed resistant, moderately resistant and susceptible responses were selected and were used as a source of inoculum to be transmitted on to TN1 variety susceptible check variety to know the effectiveness of varieties as source of virus inoculum. The results showed that of the 15 varieties tested, Situ Bagendit, Utri Merah, Mentik Wangi, Mahsuri, and Inpari 1 each was less favored by BPH to settle and to multiply. Mentik Wangi, Tetep, Utri Merah, and Swarnalata each showed resistant response to RRSV. Transmission test to susceptible variety (TN1) showed that the variety of Situ Bagendit, Inpari 13, Mentik Wangi, and Tetep each has a fairly low effectiveness as a source of inoculum as indicated by the lower percentage of infection and disease index on the transmited test plants.

Laju Pertumbuhan Intrinsik dan Neraca Hidup Wereng Cokelat pada Tanaman Padi Akibat Perubahan Iklim Global E., Baehaki S.; Iswanto, Eko Hari; Munawar, Dede
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 35, No 1 (2016): April 2016
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Study on the intrinsic growth rate of natural increases of brown planthopper (BPH) was carried out in Sukamandi, Subang, West Java in 2012 at the screen house of Indonesian Center for Rice Research using host of two rice varieties, Pelita I/1 and Inpari 13. The study evaluated the effects of global climate changes on the development of brown planthopper after three decades since the first study in 1984. Results showed that the development of brown planthopper in Sukamandi, Subang field after a period of three decades was very different from the brown planthopper in 1984. The intrinsic rate of natural increase of BPH on Pelita I/1 was rm= 0.2285 wich was 2.22 fold in three decades and on Inpari 13 variety was rm = 0.2209 or 2.14 folds compared to that in 1984. Generation time of BPH on Pelita I/1 and on Inpari 13 was shorter by 0.81-0.83 times. The index of BPH survival on Pelita I/1 reached 5.2299 times and the index of the BPH survival on Inpari 13 reached 5.8881 times, compared to that of three decades ago. BPH development on Pelita I/1 showed that the ratio of females: males was 74%: 26%. In Inpari 13 variety showed the ratio females: males was 70.8%: 29.2%. Based on the description, the intrinsic growth rate of natural increases of brown planthopper had changed over three decades. The implications was that the population dynamics of brown planthopper had changed toward higher fitness as affected by global climate change.

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