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Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan

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Published by Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

ISSN : 25415166 EISSN : 25415174 DOI : 10.21082

Core Subject : Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan merupakan publikasi yang memuat makalah ilmiah primer hasil penelitian tanaman pangan (padi dan palawija). Redaksi menerima makalah dari peneliti Puslitbang Tanaman Pangan, Balai Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian (BPTP), maupun perguruan tinggi. Makalah yang dikirimkan hendaknya sudah mendapat persetujuan dari pimpinan instansi masing-masing. Ketentuan penulisan makalah untuk dapat dimuat di jurnal ini tertera dalam "Author Guidelines/Petunjuk bagi Penulis" di halaman terakhir Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian.

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Articles 273 Documents

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Stabilitas Hasil Galur Kedelai Toleran Cekaman Kekeringan Suhartina, Suhartina; Purwantoro, Purwantoro; Nugrahaeni, Novita; Taufiq, Abdullah
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 33, No 1 (2014): April 2014
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Soybean in Indonesia mostly is planted on the lowland during dry season. During the season, soybean crops face drought stress at generative phase, that reduces grain yield. Planting of drought tolerance variety is an alternative means to overcome this problem. The objective of this research was to evaluate the adaptability and yield stability of soybean lines tolerant to drought stress. Twelve soybean lines and two check varieties (Wilis and Tidar) were evaluated at eight locations during dry season of 2009 and 2010, planted two times in each location. The treatments were laid out in a randomized complete block design with four replications. These sites were Mojokerto, Banyuwangi, Pasuruan, and Jombang (East Java), Bantul and Sleman (Yogyakarta), Mataram and Lombok Barat (NTB). No irrigation was added during reproductive phase of the crop. Soil moisture content at 0-20 cm soil layer during the generative phase was equivalent to pF value of 3.0-4.2. Analysis of variance over locations and planting seasons showed that there was significant interaction between genotypes and environments. Among the tested-lines, DV/2984-330 was the only line that showed average stability with high grain yield, averaging of 1.95 t/ha out of its yield potential of 2.83 t/ha. This line showed good adaptability over locations with water shortage (20-30% field capacity) during generative phase. Grain yield of this promising line was 14% higher compared to that of Tidar and 16% higher to that of Wilis. This line is prospective to be released as new variety, possessing drought stress during generative phase.

Karakteristik Agronomis dan Fisikokimia Umbi Klon Ubikayu Genjah Sundari, Titik; Yulifianti, Rahmi
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 30, No 3 (2011): Desember 2011
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

The research was aimed to characterize agronomic characters and physico-chemical tubers of early maturating cassava clones. Total of 10 cassava clones and five varieties (UJ 3, UJ 5, Adira 1, Adira 4 and Malang 6) were evaluated in two locations, namely at the experiment station of Muneng, Probolinggo and at farmerâ€™s land in South Malang. The experiment was planted in April to November 2009, using a completely randomized block design with three replications. Each clone was planted in plots measuring 5 m x 4 m with plant spacing of 100 cm x 80 cm. Fertilization was applied in three stages by using 10 t/ha of manure and 200 kg urea + 100 kg SP36 + 100 kg KCl/ha. Manure was given at the time of land preparation, while urea, SP36, and KCl were given at one month after planting (MAP) (100 kg of urea, 50 kg of KCl, 100 kg of SP36/ha), and three MAP (100 kg of urea and 50 kg of KCl/ha). Observations on the agronomic characters included: plant height, number of fresh leaves, number of node and diameter of stem conducted at 3 WAP until the harvest, at intervals of 1 month. Yield and yield components, and physical-chemical characters of tuber were measured at harvest. Combined analyses of two locations showed that the interaction between clones and locations were significant on all observed agronomic characters. OMM 9076 clone was consistently out yielded at two locations. Based on physicochemical characters, CMM 03001-10, CMM 03094-12, CMM 03009-6, CMM 03097-11, CMM 03013-11, CMM 03094-13, CMM 03018-10, M4-p, OMM 9076 and Adira 1 clones were considered suitable for food. Clone M4p was also suitable for starch or flour industries, and CMM 03013-11 was suitable for ethanol.

Pengaruh Tinggi Tempat dan Tipe Tanaman Padi terhadap Keparahan Penyakit Hawar Pelepah Nuryanto, B.; Priyatmojo, A.; Hadisutrisno, B.
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 33, No 1 (2014): April 2014
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Sheath blight severity had been evaluated in the rice-producing centers of Central Java (along the road of Cilacap to Wonosobo) and Yogyakarta (along the road from Bantul to Sleman). Observations of the disease severity by survey method were conducted at farmersâ€™ fields. The objects of the observation areas were organized in a split plot design with 5 replications. The main plots were the elevation levels, grouped into three strata: 1) 0-200m, 2) 200-500m, and 3) 500-700m above sea level; the subplots were rice varietal types, which were separated into: 1) short type many tillers, 2) tall type with few tillers. The results showed that environment elevations and plant types of rice varieties significantly affected the disease severity. Compared to the lowland (0-200m), the high elevation environment (500-700m) decreased the disease severity around 25% at both Central Java and Yogyakarta, while compared with the short type many tiller rice varieties, the use of tall type few tiller rice varieties decreased the disease severity of around 10% in Central Java and in Yogyakarta. Increasing soil conductivity of about 1 milly Siemens/cm caused decreasing in disease severity up to 32.9%. Every 1 scale soil pH increase, caused a decrease in disease severity up to 2.4%. Ambient temperature increased by 1 Â°C caused the disease severity by 4.0% and an increase of 1% relative humidity lead to an increase of disease severity by 2.3%. In general, increases of soil conductivity and soil pH caused a decrease in disease severity, while increases in temperature and relative humidity of the environment under rice plant canopy resulted in the increase of disease severity.

Evaluasi Stabilitas Hasil Jagung Hibrida Menggunakan Metode Genotype and Genotype by Environment Interaction Biplot (GGE BIPLOT) Priyanto, Slamet Bambang; Efendi, Roy; Z., Bunyamin; Azrai, M.; Syakir, M.
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 1, No 2 (2017): Agustus 2017
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Visualization of GGE biplot analyses was able to explain the genotype by environment interaction. This research was aimed to determine the yield stability of promising experimental maize hybrids in eight locations based GGE biplot method. Ten promising experimental maize hybrids and two commercial hybrid varieties as check, namely: HBSTK01, HBSTK03, HBSTK05, HBSTK06, HBSTK07, HBSTK08, HBSTK09, HBSTK10, HBSTK11, HBSTK13 and Bima 16 and Pertiwi 3 were evaluated in eight locations, ie. Bangka (Bangka Belitung), Probolinggo (East Java), Minahasa Utara (North Sulawesi), Donggala (Central Sulawesi), Soppeng, South Sulawesi, Gowa (South Sulawesi, Konawe (Southeast Sulawesi)and Lombok Barat (West Nusa Tenggara) from May to October 2013. The treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with 3 replications. Variable measured was grain yield. Analysis of variance was performed for data from each study site, to determine the performance of each genotype at each location. Yield stability analysis was performed by GGE biplot method using PB tools software. Results showed that genotype H9 (HBSTK11) had the highest biological stability with grain yield of 10.37 t/ha, higer than the overall mean yield. The best hybrid with the highest yield and good stability was hybrid H6 (HBSTK08) of 11.08 t/ha. This experimental hybrid is considered potential to be released as new hybrid variety. North Minahasa is considered the most suitable location for testing, whereas Konawe and West Lombok are least suitable, compared with the other locations.

Evaluasi Hasil Rekayasa Pengering Tipe Bak Kayu Blower Ganda dengan Sumber Energi Gas LPG untuk Pengeringan Benih Kedelai pada Sistem Jabalsim Tastra, I. K.; Patriyawaty, N. R.
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 32, No 2 (2013): Agustus 2013
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Problem faced on continous soybean seed supplies based on location and seasons (the Jabalsim) system is that soybean crops are harvested during the rainy season. This has caused the seed quality does not meet the standard requirement set forth by the government. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the flat bed dryer with an LPG energy source, for soybean seed drying. Research was conducted at the Laboratory of Agricultural Mechanization of the Indonesian Legumes and Tuber Crops Research Institute (ILETRI), in Malang and at Muneng Experiment Station, Probolinggo, East Java, from January to December 2010. The study included designing and performance evaluation of the dryer for its drying capacity and seed viability, and the analysis of financial benefit to the seed grower using the B/C ratio. The performance evaluation was done using soybean varieties Kaba and Grobogan. The results showed that drying process of both soybean varieties followed an exponential model with the coefficient of determinations (R2) was 0.94 to 0.99. Drying soybean seeds using the flat bed dryer using LPG as the energy source was faster than that using the drying floor. The drying rate of soybean seeds of Kaba variety using the flat bed dryer and using the drying floor was faster than those on variety Grobogan. It took 6 hours for drying 260 kg soybean seed with 20% moisture content wet basis (obtained from 1 ton of unthreshed soybean) into 11% wet basis, thus the drying capacity of the dryer was only 43 kg/hour. At an average rate of drying air temperature 45.5oC, the viability of the soybean seeds was 73 to 84%, still meet the standard seed quality of the government (minimum 70%). The cost benefit ratio (B/C ratio) was 1.12 when the price of the dryer is Rp 22 million/unit and the service charge for the soybean seed drying is Rp 2,600/kg seeds. Technically and financially, innovation of the flat bed dryer with an LPG energy source was still feasible to be applied by seed producers during the wet season, following the Jabalsim seed system.

Study Cekaman Salinitas Terhadap Mutan Padi Pada Kondisi In Vitro Yunita, Rossa; Khumaida, Nurul; Sopandie, Didy; Mariska, Ika
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 2, No 1 (2018): April 2018
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

In vitro selection using of salt (NaCl) has been used to select plants that tolerate salinity, so that effective selection process. The purpose of this study was to obtain information about the mechanism of salinity tolerance in rice in vitro conditions. This study consisted of two experiments, they are the selection of salinity tolerance somaclone putative mutants in vitro and study of salinity tolerance mechanism results in in vitro selection. The tolerant plants after being treated NaCl show response to the accumulation of proline is more, the content of K, Mg and Ca which tends to remain and Na content is lower, stomata density is fewer and the length and width ratio stomata is greater.

Verifikasi Dosis Rekomendasi Pemupukan Hara Spesifik Lokasi untuk Padi Varietas Hibrida Suyamto, Suyamto; Saeri, M.; Saraswati, D. P.; Robiâ€™in, Robiâ€™in
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 34, No 3 (2015): Desember 2015
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

IAARD in collaboration with IRRI has developed site specific nutrient management (SSNM or PHSL) recommendation, which can be accessed through PHSL-web (http:/webapps.irri.org/nm/id). PHSL recommendations were evaluated for inbred rice variety but not yet for hybrid rice. The objective of this experiment was to verify the effectiveness of PHSL recommendation for hybrid rice and to evaluate the response of hybrid rice to N fertilizer. Two experiments were conducted during the dry season of 2012 in two locations (Malang and Blitar). The first experiment consisted of 6 treatments: (1) PHSL recommendation based on yield target of hybrid variety (Mapan-P05) (10.3 t/ha or 20% higher compared to that of inbred variety), (2) same as treatment 1 for Hipa-10 hybrid variety, (3) same as treatment 1 for Ciherang variety, (4) PHSL based on the yield target similar to that of inbred variety (8.6 t/ha) applied for Mapan-P05 hybrid variety, (5) same as treatment 4 applied for Hipa-10 hybrid variety, and (6) same as treatment 4 applied for Ciherang inbred variety. PHSL recommendation for hybrid rice was 300 kg NPK (Phonska) + 376 kg urea/ha applied 4 times, while that for inbred rice was 200 kg NPK (Phonska) + 332 kg urea/ha applied 3 times. The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design, 4 replications, and plot size was 5 m x 10 m. The second experiment was arranged in a split plot design with four replications and plot size 5 m x 10 m. The main plots consisted of 4 rates of urea application namely: 0; 150; 300; and 450 kg urea/ha. The sub plots were two varieties namely: Mapan-P05 (hybrid) and Ciherang (inbred). Soil was analyzed before the conduct of experiment. Main data collection included yield of rice, hybrid rice respon to urea fertilizer. Results of the experiment showed that fertilizer rate based on PHSL for hybrid rice was not appropriate. Applying rate of fertilizers based on PHSL for hybrid rice resulted in rice yields not significantly different to that of inbred variety fertilized based on PHSL for inbred variety. The response of hybrid variety to N fertilizer was higher than that of inbred variety, suggesting that hybrid rice produced higher yield than did inbred, at the same rate of fertilizer. To obtain a higher yield of hybrid rice (such as Mapan-P05) the rate and time of fertilizer applications are not necessarily to be increased as recommended on PHSL-web. Using the same fertilizer rate, hybrid rice (such as Mapan-P05) produced higher yield compared to that of inbred variety, which indicated higher efficiency of fertilization. Yield of hybrid rice Hipa-10 variety was not only determined by fertilizer rate but also by other factors, such as seed quality and crop management (M). The existence of GxExM interaction was higher for hybrid rice, meaning hybrid variety required very specific environment.Keywords:Â

Perbanyakan Gembili (Dioscorea esculenta) dan Ubi Kelapa (Dioscorea alata) Menggunakan Bibit Set Mini Diantina, Surya; Hutami, Sri
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 33, No 3 (2014): Desember 2014
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Ubi kelapa and Gembili are potential sources of fungsional food, because of their high nutrition content. But their production and utilization in Indonesia remains lack behind, due to their low economic value, requiring long cultivation period and high number of tuber-seeds. Experiment was conducted to identify an efficient seed propagation method using miniset cutting. The experiment was carried out at Cikeumeuh ExperimentalStation, Bogor from December 2011 to January 2013. Tuber-seeds of ubi kelapa was divided into miniset cutting of two, six and eight cuttings. For gembili, tubers were cut into two, three and four miniset cuttings. The whole tuber was served as control. Cutting were germinated in polybag, after 30 days the plants were transferred to the field. Each treatment was replicated six times, with one mother tuber as an experimental unit. Plant derived from tuber without cutting produced 463 grams of ubi kelapa seed, while tuber cut into 8 miniset cutting produced 2,986 grams, where the number of tuber seeds were 3 times more than that without cutting. Gembili cut into 4 miniset cutting produced 315 grams of tuber seed with the number of tuber seed 6 times more than that without cutting. Using the miniset cutting could speed up the rate of propagation of both gembili and ubi kelapa seeds.

Ketahanan Varietas/Klon Ubikayu Umur Genjah terhadap Tungau Merah Indiati, S. W.
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 31, No 1 (2012): April 2012
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Pest and diseases are major constraints to crop production. The red spider mite is an important pest of cassava, particularly in the dry regions. The use of tolerant cassava varieties is considered an effective control technique. which does not pollute the environment. A study was carried out to identify the tolerance of 15 cassava varieties/clones to red spider mites and characterize the resistance to the pest in the dry land. Experiments were conducted in a greenhouse and in farmersÂ’ fields during the dry season of 2009. Each of the trial was arranged in a randomized block design with 15 cassava clones as treatments in three replications. The results showed that clones/varieties OMM 9076, Adira 1, M4-p, Malang 6, and Adira-4 were tolerant to the red spider mites. At a condition of severe pest infestation, none of clones/varieties was tolerant to the pest. Differences in tolerance appeared only on the length of incubation time until appearance of the pest symptoms. Cassava clones/varieties were more tolerant, when the pest symptom appeared later than on the susceptible ones. Clone CMM 03094-12 had the highest leaf numbers per plant, while clone M4-p, variety Adira 1, and clone OMM 9076 had leaf water content more than 70%. There was a tendency of low levels of mites attack on clones/varieties with leaf water contents more than 70%. When the cassava crops were harvested at 7 months old, Clone OMM 9076 produced the highest yield (28 t/ha) on the uncontrolled and 32 t/ha on the controlled plot. Clone OMM 9076 was considered as a high yielding and early maturing genotype.

Komposisi Dan Dominasi Patotipe Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae Penyebab Hawar Daun Bakteri Pada Tanaman Padi Dengan Pola Tanam Tidak Serempak Yuliani, Dini; Sudir, Sudir
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 1, No 2 (2017): Agustus 2017
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Research to determine the dynamics of composition and domination of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) pathotype, the bacterial leaf blight (BLB) pathogen of rice in areas with different planting time was carried out in Klaten Regency, Central Java Province, in the Wet Season (WS) 2014/2015 and Dry Season (DS) 2015. The research consisted three steps, namely: observation and sampling of plants in the field, isolation the pathogen in the laboratory, and pathotype identification in the greenhouse. Observations and samplings of diseased plants in each growing season were conducted at planting time, i.e.: early planting (I), mid planting (II), and late planting (III). The results showed that Xoo pathotype composition in WS 2014/2015 and DS 2015 were pathotype III, IV, and VIII with varying dominance between the planting period in the season, as well as between seasons, and between observation location. The composition of Xoo pathotype was dominated by pathotype IV in the early and mid planting periods of WS 2014/2015, whereas at the end of planting period was dominated by pathotype III. Xoo composition in early, mid, and late planting periods of DS 2015 was dominated by pathotype III. Based on these results is suggested to control BLB in non synchronous cropping pattern at early and mid planting period of wet season by planting resistant varieties to Xoo pathotype IV, while in areas the late planting period, it is suggested to planting resistant varieties to Xoo pathotype III and VIII. The BLB control in areas with early, mid, and late planting periods of dry season is suggested to planting resistant varieties to Xoo pathotype III or VIII.

Page 18 of 28 | Total Record : 273

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