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INDONESIA
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan
Published by Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan
ISSN : 25415166     EISSN : 25415174     DOI : 10.21082
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan merupakan publikasi yang memuat makalah ilmiah primer hasil penelitian tanaman pangan (padi dan palawija). Redaksi menerima makalah dari peneliti Puslitbang Tanaman Pangan, Balai Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian (BPTP), maupun perguruan tinggi. Makalah yang dikirimkan hendaknya sudah mendapat persetujuan dari pimpinan instansi masing-masing. Ketentuan penulisan makalah untuk dapat dimuat di jurnal ini tertera dalam "Author Guidelines/Petunjuk bagi Penulis" di halaman terakhir Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 273 Documents
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Genotype by Environment for Grain Yield of Salt tolerance Rice Genotypes in Coastal Saline Area Nafisah, Nafisah Nafisah; Zairin, Zairin; Satoto, Satoto; Jamil, Ali; Sasmita, Priatna
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 4, No 1 (2020): April 2020
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (924.52 KB) | DOI: 10.21082/jpptp.v4n1.2020.p9-16

Abstract

Multi-environment experiment could reveal the performance and adaptation of the advanced breeding lines for specific or general environment. The objective of the present investigation was to analyze the pattern of Genotype x Environment (G x E) interaction for grain yield of 67 genotypes by Additive Main effects and Multiplicative Interaction (AMMI) model using the data generated from observational yield trial in three different coastal rice environment in Indonesia including one site in coastal of Eretan, Indramayu (West Java) and two sites in the coastal area of Mataram, West Nusatenggara during dry season of 2009. In each location, the experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replications, 5m2 plot size and 20 cm x 20 cm of planting space. Standard management practices for irrigation field were followed for all trials. The results showed the highly significant genotypic and G x E interaction. The genotype x environment (GxE) interaction influenced the relative ranking of the genotypes across environment. Genotype 62(IR76397-2B-6-1-1-1-1), G3(IR58427-5B-15), G61(IR76393-2B-7-1-1-3-1), G19 (IR73055-8-1-1-3-1), G26 (IR 77674-3B-8-2-2-14-1-AJY5), G38(IR77674-3B-8-2-2-14-2-AJY4), G35(IR77674-3B-8-1-3-13-2-AJY2), G44(IR68144-2B-2-2-3-3), and G53(IR72593-B-18-2-2-2) produced higher yield compared to the overall mean, and showed low G x E interaction effect with low ASV (AMMI’s Stability Value) score presented the high yield genotype with high adaptability compared to the checks. G23(IR77674-B-20-1-2-1-3-6-4-AJY1,8.39 t/ha), G25 (IR 77674-3B-8-2-2-12-5-AJY2, 8.11 t/ha), G24(IR77674-3B-8-2-2-8-3-AJY4, 8.32 t/ha), G18(IR72049-B-R-22-3-1-1, 8.78 t/ha), produced high yield and indicated suitable for Eretan environment. Both the stable genotypes and the specific adaptation genotypes with the highest average yield compared to the checks will be further evaluated in prelimenary yieid trials in the several environments with the bigger size plot.
Keunggulan Ekonomis Tumpangsari Kedelai dengan Jagung di Lahan Kering Iklim Kering Elisabeth, Dian Adi Anggraeni; Harsono, Arief
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 4, No 1 (2020): April 2020
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (503.829 KB) | DOI: 10.21082/jpptp.v4n1.2020.p53-62

Abstract

Peningkatan produksi kedelai nasional dapat diupayakan melalui intensifikasi pada lahan optimal, dan perluasan area tanam pada lahan-lahan suboptimal diantaranya lahan kering iklim kering (LKIK). Salah satu upaya peningkatan produktivitas di LKIK adalah dengan penerapan pola tanam tumpangsari. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui keunggulan ekonomis dan penerimaan petani terhadap introduksi paket teknologi tumpangsari kedelai dengan jagung di sentra produksi jagung pada LKIK Kabupaten Tuban, Jawa Timur. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada musim tanam Maret-Juli 2019 di Desa Pongpongan Kecamatan Merakurak, dan Desa Gesing Kecamatan Semanding. Parameter yang diamati meliputi keragaan hasil biji kedelai dan jagung, biaya produksi, penerimaan, dan keuntungan usahatani, keunggulan ekonomis pola tanam tumpangsari (R/C rasio, B/C rasio, IKF, dan NKP), dan penerimaan petani. Paket teknologi tumpangsari kedelai dengan jagung, yakni jagung ditanam baris ganda (40 cm x 20 cm) x 200 cm satu tanaman/lubang dan kedelai diantara baris ganda jagung dengan jarak tanam 30 cm x15 cm dua tanaman/lubang (isi 5 baris kedelai), dosis pupuk sesuai kesuburan tanah dan populasi tanaman mampu memberikan keuntungan lebih tinggi dibandingkan pola tanam monokultur jagung. Hal ini karena hasil jagung pada pola tanam tumpangsari juga relatif sama dengan hasil jagung pola tanam monokultur. Tumpangsari kedelai varietas Dena 1 dengan jagung memiliki keunggulan ekonomis lebih tinggi dibandingkan tumpangsari jagung dengan varietas kedelai lainnya, dengan keuntungan Rp 19.146.500/ha; R/C rasio 2,51; B/C rasio 1,51; IKF 12.843; dan NKP 1,69. Petani tertarik untuk mengadopsi paket teknologi tumpangsari ini apabila hasil yang didapatkan lebih menguntungkan dibandingkan pola tanam monokultur jagung yang selama ini diterapkan oleh petani.Kata kunci: lahan kering iklim kering, keunggulan ekonomis, tumpangsari kedelai dengan jagung
Analisis Karakter Agronomi dan Fisiologi Padi pada Kondisi Cekaman Rendaman Stagnan Sujinah, Sujinah; Agustiani, Nurwulan; Rumanti, Indrastuti A.
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 4, No 1 (2020): April 2020
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1231.261 KB) | DOI: 10.21082/jpptp.v4n1.2020.p17-26

Abstract

Stagnant flooding is a condition in swampy area and become constraints which causes decrease yield of rice. Therefore, it is necesarry of varieties that have tolerance to stagnant flooding. The purpose of this research were to analyze of agronomic and physiological characters of rice on stagnant flooding stress. The experiment was conducted at two environmental conditions in wet season of 2017/2018 in Sukamandi Experimental Station, Subang, West Java. A total of 10 genotypes (IR14D157, IRRI 119, IRRI 154, IR14D121, Inpara 3, Inpara 4, Inpara 8, Inpari 30, Tapus, and IR 42) were planted use Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 4 replicants. Variables consisted of growth (plant height, tillering, green leaves), stem elongation, nonstructural carbohydrate, chloropyll content, stem aerenchyma, yield component, and yield. The result showed that stagnant flooding caused an increase in plant height of 4% , stem elongation, and flowering. In addition, it was observed the decreased of tiller number of 50%, nonstructural carbohydrate, chloropyll content, productive tiller, spikelet number, % filled grain, and yield. Genotype of IR14D121 and Tapus showed the highest productivity, of 4,91 t/ha and 4,45 t/ha at stagnant flooding, at which productivity decreased up to 20% compared to the optimum condition.
Identifikasi dan Klasifikasi Benih Padi Menggunakan Analisis Citra Digital Berdasarkan Bentuk Fisik Widiastuti, Mira Landep; Wahyuni, Sri; Yuningsih, Aida Fitri Viva; Rohman, Holil Munawar; Yajid, Ahmad
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 4, No 1 (2020): April 2020
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1795.024 KB) | DOI: 10.21082/jpptp.v4n1.2020.p27-34

Abstract

Seed quality testing is one of aspect control and quality assurance for certified seeds. The grain shape is one of the important parameter components tested in the seed certification process especially in the field. The common method used were using human/ analysts visual observation. It has a high degree of subjectivity and low efficiency. Observation of complex samples in the field requires an alternative observation that is more subjective and accurate. An alternative technology for identifying seeds during certification and production is identification based on digital images. The purpose of this study were to identify and classify rice seeds based on physical form using digital image analysis. A total of 20 varieties with various shapes have been taken with a microscope that connected to the camera and computer. The resulting image file was analyzed using imageJ 1.51k software and analyzed statistic to discriminate the seeds tested according to their group. Results from this study indicated that digital image analysis is able to identify and classify seeds. The grouping of seeds into long, medium and round seed categories based on perimeter, circularity, AR, and round parameters with successive correlation levels is 95.4%; 82.5%; 45.3% and 38.9%. This method is more sensitive to identifying seed characteristics than eye visualization of seeds whose physical size is outside the range of numbers specified in the description. For example Cisadane, Gilirang and Ketonggo seeds.
Overcoming the damage of rice to iron toxicity:Screening on Hydroponic Solution and Soil Pot Experiment Unoki, Saeka; Sitaresmi, Trias; Ehara, Hiroshi; Nugraha, Yudhistira
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 4, No 2 (2020): Agustus 2020
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jpptp.v4n2.2020.p81-88

Abstract

Iron toxicity affects the growth and yield of rice plant. Overcoming the damage of rice production by iron toxicity requires furthermore researches from laboratory to field levels. Here, we study responses of rice genotypes to iron toxicity between vegetative stage in hydroponic and whole grow stages in the pot. The first experiment was hydroponic experiment using twelve rice genotypes which were growth in the Yoshida Solution with addition of 0.2 % of agar. Three level of iron was given at 0, 500 and 700 ppm. The second experiment was the pot experiment using alluvial soil added with 3.000 ppm of ferrous combine with four levels of potassium and the control on Cilamaya Muncul (tolerant), Inpara 8 (moderate tolerant) and IR 64 (susceptible). In hydroponic experiment, even though the symptom appeared obviously, the leaf bronzing score (LBS) of tolerant and sensitive genotypes were not different. Physiological traits were significantly affected by Fe treatment in all varieties. Then symptom and physiological traits were significantly correlated. Through the pot experiment, it was confirmed the tolerance of each varieties. However, we couldn’t see the correlation between the LBS on hydroponic and soil at this time. And the heading delay was new finding, but it depended on varieties. We also could see the possibility of potassium application to inhibit iron toxicity but still we need to explore how it works. Kata kunci: iron toxicity, rice, hydroponic, soil
Kesesuaian Galur Padi (Oryza sativa) pada Lahan Sawah Tadah Hujan Susanto, Untung; Arifin, Samsul; Rohaeni, Wage R.; Wening, Rina H.
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 4, No 3 (2020): Desember 2020
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jpptp.v4n3.2020.p119-124

Abstract

Rice productivity in rainfed area is mostly determined by the environmental condition, cultivation technique, specific stress occurrence, and the variety planted. There are around 4 million ha of rainfed lowlands in Indonesia, contributing the second biggest supply for national rice production after the irrigated area. Planting the most suitable rainfed lowland rice variety is expected to increase rice yield in the area. This research was aimed to test 34 rainfed lowland rice lines along with five check varieties in two targeted areas, i.e. Purwakarta during Dry Season 2015 (transplanting technique of 21 days old seedlings) and Pati during Wet Season 2015/2016 (using direct seeded or gogo rancah planting method). The treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replications, at 3 x 5 m2 plot, and 25 cm x 25 cm plant spacing. Results showed the existence of genetic x environment interactions of all observed traits, except for tiller number. Grain yield, tiller number, and number of filled grains/panicle in Purwakarta was each higher than that in Pati. Seven lines were identified as having high yield in Purwakarta and were medium in Pati, and five lines were high yield in Pati and were medium in Purwakarta. Line IR83383-B-B-129-4 (10.35 t/ha) yielded higher compared to the best check Inpari 13 (8.27 t/ha) in Purwakarta. Most of lines in Pati had comparable yield with the best check Inpari 23 (7.18 t/ha). Grain yield was positively correlated with number and percentage of filled grains/panicle and negatively correlated with number of unfilled grains/panicle. Keywords: R
Evaluation of Genetic Diversity of QPM, Provit-A, and Elite Maize Inbreds Resistant to Downy Mildew Disease Using Simple Sequence Repeats andayani, nining nurini; Isnaini, Muzdalifah; Aqil, Muhammad; Muis, Amran; Pabendon, Marcia Bunga; Azrai, Muhammad
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 4, No 3 (2020): Desember 2020
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jpptp.v4n3.2020.p161-170

Abstract

Functional maize tends to be more susceptible to major maize diseases, particularly Downy mildew. Among the functional maize are Quality Protein Maize (QPM) and Provit A maize. The presence of higher amino acid and beta carotene in functional maize might have caused these types of maize more susceptible to Downy mildew disease. The objective of the research was to identify the heterotic pairs among maize inbreds i.e. QPM, Provit A, and local maize varieties resistant to Downy mildew disease using Simple Sequence Repeats (SSR) marker. The research was conducted from April to July 2017 at the Molecular Biology Laboratory of Indonesian Cereals Research Institute. A total of five QPM inbreds, 15 Provit A inbreds, and 11 Downy mildew resistant local varieties of maize were used in the experiment using 34 SSR markers. Results indicated that among 34 SSR locus analysed, variation of allele lengths ranged from 74 bp to 500 bp. A total of 125 alleles ranging from two to nine alleles per locus with an average of 3.68 alleles were generated. The data indicated wide genetic variations among characters. DNA band profile showed that nc130 marker produced the highest PIC (over 0.83) and allele value (8.00). Genetic distance analysis found a total of 21 heterotic genotypes with genetic distance exceeds 0.65. 
Periode Kritis Perkembangan Tanaman Padi terhadap Penyakit Hawar Pelepah (Rhizoctonia solani) dan Pengaruhnya terhadap Hasil Milati, Laila Nur; Nuryanto, Bambang
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 3, No 2 (2019): Agustus 2019
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jpptp.v3n2.2019.p61-66

Abstract

Sheath blight disease, one of the most important diseases in rice, is caused by the fungus Rhizoctonia solani. The aim of the study was to find out the response of rice plant in different growth stages against R. solani infection. This research was performed during the dry and rainy seasons of 2017. The experiment used split plot design with four replications. The main plot was rice varietie (Ciherang, Minghui 63, and Hipa Jatim 2) and the sub plot was the inoculation times (maximum tillering, panicle initiation, flowering, and ripening). Rice cultivation wasperformed following the farmers practiceon 1000m2 areas devided by 60 experimental plots, 3m x 5m each. Data analysis and interpretation were performed using scatter chart and SAS 9.0. The results showed that sheath blight developed significantly and affected area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) during maximum tillering (56,67% in dry season and 56,02% in rainy season) and panicle initiation stages (79,07% in dry season and 56,85% in rainy season). The larger the AUDPC the higher the decrease in the rice production. 
Perubahan Mutu Sensoris Beras Merah yang Dikemas Vakum Selama Penyimpanan Septianingrum, Elis; Mardiah, Zahara
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 4, No 2 (2020): Agustus 2020
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jpptp.v4n2.2020.p89-96

Abstract

Selama penyimpanan, beras merah mengalami perubahan mutu fisik, kimiawi, maupun mutu rasa atau sensoris. Mutu fisik menjadi kriteria konsumen dalam memilih beras berkualitas, sedangkan karakeristik dan mutu rasa menjadi faktor akhir penentu keputusan konsumen untuk memilih beras yang dikonsumsi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi mutu sensoris varietas beras merah pecah kulit selama penyimpanan. Varietas yang digunakan yaitu Inpari-24 dan Inpara-7 yang dikemas vakum dan disimpan pada suhu penyimpanan 30OC (suhu ruang) dan 4OC (suhu penyimpanan dingin) selama enam bulan. Uji mutu dan hedonik dilakukan setiap dua bulan selama enam bulan terhadap atribut mutu sensoris, yaitu: warna, rasa, aroma, kepulenan, dan penerimaan umum. Hasil uji mutu sensoris menunjukkan selama enam bulan penyimpanan terjadi penurunan warna, dari sangat merah menjadi agak merah dan peningkatan kepulenan dari pera menjadi pulen hingga agak pulen, tetapi tidak terjadi perubahan kilap dan tidak terdapat perubahan aroma yang tidak disukai. Kepulenan dan rasa nasi berkorelasi dengan penerimaan umum terhadap nasi beras merah. Penyimpanan beras merah dikemas secara vakum pada suhu 30OC dan pada suhu 4OC memiliki tren perubahan dan nilai skor mutu yang tidak berbeda nyata. Penyimpanan beras merah pecah kulit dalam kemasan vakum pada suhu ruang (30OC) selama enam bulan cukup efektif mempertahankan mutu beras. 
Validasi Paket Teknologi Budi Daya Padi (Oryza sativa) Lahan Rawa secara Intensif Sujinah, Sujinah; Agustiani, Nurwulan; Gunawan, Indra; Margaret, Swisci
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 4, No 3 (2020): Desember 2020
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jpptp.v4n3.2020.p125-133

Abstract

An intensive swampland rice technology package, dubbed as RAISA, consisted of water and land management, swampland specific variety, population density bio-fertilizer, soil ameliorant, inorganic fertilization, integrated pest management, and use of mechanization. Validation of RAISA’s technology was aimed to determine technology components which significantly affected yield increase. The experiment was conducted at Karang Agung Experimental Station and farmer’s field in Banyuasin, South Sumatera, using a Randomized Complete Block Design with seven treatments and four replications. The treatments consisted of RAISA minus specific variety (P1), RAISA minus optimum plant population (P2), RAISA minus bio-fertilizer (P3), RAISA minus soil ameliorant (P4), RAISA minus inorganic fertilizer (P5), RAISA full package (P6), and farmer’s crop cultivation technique as control (P7). Result showed that the variety affected significantly on plant height, and plant population affected the number of tillers. The RAISA technological package increased rice yield by 41% compared to that of farmer practice. The RAISA technological components that significantly increased rice yield are variety, plant population, and soil ameliorant. RAISA is considered feasible to be applied with an R/C ratio of 1.57-1.97.

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