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INDONESIA
Squalen Bulletin of Marine and Fisheries Postharvest and Biotechnology
Published by Pusat Litbang Daya Saing Produk dan Bioteknologi Kelautan dan Perikanan
ISSN : 20895690     EISSN : 24069272     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture, Social,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Environmental Science Immunology & microbiology
Squalen publishes original and innovative research to provide readers with the latest research, knowledge, emerging technologies, postharvest, processing and preservation, food safety and environment, biotechnology and bio-discovery of marine and fisheries. The key focus of the research should be on marine and fishery and the manuscript should include a fundamental discussion of the research findings and their significance. Manuscripts that simply report data without providing a detailed interpretation of the results are unlikely to be accepted for publication in the journal.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 363 Documents
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Preface Squalen Bulletin Vol. 15 No. 2 Tahun 2020 squalen buletin
Squalen, Buletin Pascapanen dan Bioteknologi Kelautan dan Perikanan Vol 15, No 2 (2020): August 2020
Publisher : Research and Development Center for Marine and Fisheries Product Processing and Biotechnol

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Front Cover Squalen Bulletin Vol. 16 No. 1 Tahun 2021 Bulletin Squalen
Squalen, Buletin Pascapanen dan Bioteknologi Kelautan dan Perikanan Vol 16, No 1 (2021): May 2021
Publisher : Research and Development Center for Marine and Fisheries Product Processing and Biotechnol

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15578/squalen.v16i1.561

Abstract

The Effects of Carbon Monoxide Treatment on the Physical and Chemical Qualities of Tuna Steak during Iced Storage Farida Ariyani; Ellia Kristiningrum; Giri Rohmad Barokah; Hedi Indra Januar
Squalen, Buletin Pascapanen dan Bioteknologi Kelautan dan Perikanan Vol 15, No 2 (2020): August 2020
Publisher : Research and Development Center for Marine and Fisheries Product Processing and Biotechnol

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15578/squalen.v15i2.456

Abstract

Injection or modification of the atmosphere in the meat packaging by carbon monoxide (CO) has been known to retain the color stability of red meat including those of tuna. The red color in tuna meat has been commonly used as a freshness indicator by consumers, especially those for raw consumption. However, other information on the freshness level in fish, in addition to  color, is also important to assess in the food safety of marine and fisheries products. This study aims to evaluate the effects of CO  on the chemical and physical properties of tuna steak during storage on ice. This study was conducted using bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus) as the raw material. The tuna was cut into loins to form steaks and divided into two groups, one group without CO injection or control, and another group was injected with CO. Both CO-treated tuna steak and control were preserved in a cool-box filled with ice for 14 days. The observation was conducted every two days by determining color (chromameter method), sensory preference (hedonic method), and several chemical parameters, including total volatile base (TVB), K value, and histamine content that related to the spoilage process. Results showed that after 14 days of preservation in iced storage, the reddish color of CO-treated tuna steak was retained, whereas that of control turned brown. In the sensory tests, the panelists preferred the CO-treated tuna steak to control due to its reddish color. There were no significant differences between the content of TVB accumulation and the K value in CO-treated tuna steak and the control. Furthermore, the K value of CO-treated tuna steak and control reached the rejected level on day 14. The difference between CO-treated tuna steak and control was based on the content of histamine, where that of control was significantly higher than tuna steak treated with CO. Therefore, this research showed that the effects of CO treatment were only on the appearance of the steak; meanwhile, the deterioration process in fish is generally unaffected. Precautions are thus needed for consumers, since color may not be the only factor that indicates the freshness of tuna steak.
Heat Resistance of Probiotic Candidate Enterococcus faecalis R22B in Different Matrices Shanti Dwita Lestari; Rinto Rinto; Indah S Wahyuni; Sherly Ridhowati; Wulandari Wulandari
Squalen, Buletin Pascapanen dan Bioteknologi Kelautan dan Perikanan Vol 16, No 1 (2021): May 2021
Publisher : Research and Development Center for Marine and Fisheries Product Processing and Biotechnol

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15578/squalen.497

Abstract

Fermented fish, including rusip and bekasam, contains lactic acid bacteria, some of which have probiotic properties. Considering the beneficial effect, the count of viable cells in probiotic carrier foods must be at least 106 CFU/g throughout the product shelf-life. The processing and storage condition significantly affect the viability of probiotics in carrier foods. This research was conducted to determine the heat resistance of probiotic candidate Enterococcus faecalis R22B isolated from rusip in three different media: bekasam, rusip, and physiological saline solution (NaCl 0.85%). E. faecalis R22B was heated in each medium at a temperature of 70 °C for 0, 2, 4, 8, and 12 min. The media characteristics showed differences within the parameters included pH values of 4.41-6.99; aw 0.67-0.92; moisture content 72.56-98.09%; ash content 0.69-12.32%; protein content 0-14.7%; fat content 0-0.84%; and carbohydrate content from 0-4.93%. The results showed that the difference in the heating medium had no significant effect (p0.05) on the heat resistance of the bacteria, as indicated by the D70 value. The required average heating time at 70 oC to decrease E. faecalis R22B cells by 1log10 (D70 value) in bekasam, rusip, and physiological saline media were 3.17, 3.29, and 3.55 min, respectively. Despite having a lower DT-value, the reduction of bacteria cells in three media heated at 70 oC showed no difference (p0.05); therefore, bekasam and rusip are suitable for probiotic carrier food.
Concentration and Characteristic of Floating Plastic Debris in Jakarta Bay: a Preliminary Study Dwiyitno Dwiyitno; Fairdiana Andayani; Umi Anissah; Hedi Indra Januar; Singgih Wibowo
Squalen, Buletin Pascapanen dan Bioteknologi Kelautan dan Perikanan Vol 15, No 3 (2020): December 2020
Publisher : Research and Development Center for Marine and Fisheries Product Processing and Biotechnol

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15578/squalen.v15i3.462

Abstract

Marine debris, especially plastic debris, is becoming global awareness, including in Indonesia, due to the possible harmful effects on the environment and humans. The present study is the first assessment of the floating plastic debris in Jakarta Bay based on an at-sea survey. The study aimed to overview the accumulation of plastic debris in different zones (west, middle, and east) of the bay as the impact of wet and dry seasons. The results showed that plastic debris was found in most sampling stations with a maximum concentration of 10,300 and 7,400 items/km2 in the wet and dry seasons, respectively. Based on the plastic types, polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), and polystyrene (PS) were the main accumulated plastic debris in Jakarta Bay with a predominant macro size between 2.5 and 20 cm. According to the plastic applications, packaging and consumer products were the majority of plastic debris at concentrations of 257-1,280 items/km2 and 936-983 items/km2 in the dry and wet season respectively. The spatial distribution of plastic litter in the observed surface water was correlated to temporal monsoon seasons rather than to the distribution of pollution source from rivers around the Jakarta Metropolitan Area. Moreover, the higher plastic concentration was found in the rainy west monsoon compared to that of the dry east monsoon.
Quality of Refrigerated Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Slices under Vacuum and Modified Atmosphere Packaging Karim, Md. Abdul; Rahman, Masudur; Alice, Esmout Jahan; Amanullah, Md.; Hossain, Md. Akhtar; Islam, Md. Tariqul
Squalen, Buletin Pascapanen dan Bioteknologi Kelautan dan Perikanan Vol 15, No 3 (2020): December 2020
Publisher : Research and Development Center for Marine and Fisheries Product Processing and Biotechnol

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15578/squalen.v15i3.483

Abstract

In order to develop a proper packaging system for sliced tilapia fish (Oreochromis niloticus), the biochemical and microbiological qualities under control (unsealed package), vacuum package and modified atmosphere packaging with 50% CO2/50% N2 (MAP-1)  and 50% CO2/50% O2 (MAP-2)  were evaluated every three days during 18 days of chilled storage (4±1°C). The pH value was not significantly different (p 0.05) by treatments until day 9, but significantly lower values (p 0.05) were observed on day 12 of the storage in all treated samples compared to the control. The total volatile base nitrogen (TVB-N) value progressively increased, but not significantly different (p 0.05) in all treatments during the entire storage period. The thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) amounts were significantly lower (p 0.05) on day 12 in the vacuum and MAP-1 samples compared to the control sample, and were significantly higher (p 0.05) on day 6, 9, and 12 of the storage period in MAP-2 samples compared to the control, vacuum and MAP-1 samples. The amounts of pH, TVB-N, and TBARS in all samples did not exceed the acceptable limit in almost the entire storage. The total viable count (TVC) progressively increased with storage time. Nevertheless, TVC values were lower (p 0.05) on day 6, 9, and 12 of the storage periods in all treatments compared to the control. The TVCs exceeded the acceptable limit (7 log CFU/g) on days 6-9 for control, 9-12 for vacuum, day 12 for MAP-2, and 15 for MAP-1 sample during the storage period. Therefore, the MAP has shown promising results for shelf life extension that can be practiced to display the fishery products with prolonged shelf life. 
Genetic Diversity Analysis of Cultivated Kappaphycus in Indonesian Seaweed Farms using COI Gene Ratnawati, Pustika; Simatupang, Nova F; Pong-Masak, Petrus R; Paul, Nicholas A; Zuccarello, Giuseppe C
Squalen, Buletin Pascapanen dan Bioteknologi Kelautan dan Perikanan Vol 15, No 2 (2020): August 2020
Publisher : Research and Development Center for Marine and Fisheries Product Processing and Biotechnol

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15578/squalen.v15i2.466

Abstract

Indonesia is a major player in the aquaculture of red algae, especially carrageenan producing ‘eucheumatoids’ such as Kappaphycus and Eucheuma. However, many current trade names do not reflect the evolutionary species and updated taxonomy, this is especially the case for eucheumatoid seaweeds that are highly variable in morphology and pigmentation. Genetic variation is also not known for the cultivated eucheumatoids in Indonesia. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the species and the level of genetic variation within species of cultivated eucheumatoids from various farms across Indonesia, spanning 150-1500 km, using the DNA barcoding method. Samples of seaweed were randomly collected at 14 farmed locations between April 2017 and May 2018. For this study the 5-prime end (~ 600 bp) of the mitochondrial-encoded cytochrome oxidase subunit one (COI) was amplified and sequenced. Morphological examination showed that the samples were quite variable in branching pattern and color. All samples collected from farms with floating line cultivation were identified based on COI sequences as Kappaphycus alvarezii and showed no variation in the COI gene. One farm sample with bottom-line cultivation was identified as K. striatus. The low genetic variation is in contrast to the phenotypic variation of samples, indicating that variation and phenotypic responses to environments is still found in samples with implications for growth rates and carrageenan yield and quality. Information about the genetic variation in stocks is important base knowledge for maintaining, expanding and continuing seaweed aquaculture.
Occurrence and Source Apportionment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Green Mussel (Perna viridis) from Cilincing Waters of Jakarta Bay, Indonesia Deny Yogaswara; Tri Partono; Awalina Satya
Squalen, Buletin Pascapanen dan Bioteknologi Kelautan dan Perikanan Vol 16, No 1 (2021): May 2021
Publisher : Research and Development Center for Marine and Fisheries Product Processing and Biotechnol

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15578/squalen.484

Abstract

Green mussels (Perna viridis) as sedentary organisms have been adopted as bioindicators in the marine environment for many decades. They have been potentially affected by anthropogenic activity and organic contaminants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in an aquatic environment. This study aims to determine concentration, distribution and potential sources of PAHs in green mussel biomass obtained from Cilincing waters, Jakarta Bay. Fresh green mussels were collected from aquaculture facilities at Cilincing waters of Jakarta Bay with various size categories of shell length and were extracted with solvent n-hexane-dichloromethane mixture using Soxhlet method. The concentrate of sample extract was purified using silica gel/sodium sulfate anhydrous with n-pentene-DCM effluent in fractionation. Finally, the purified sample was injected into the GC-MS instrument. The result showed that the highest concentration of total PAH (TPAH) was 126.47 ng.g-1 wet weight (ww), founded in the guts from the biggest group of green mussel (length of 6.00 to 7.99 cm), and     3-aromatic rings were predominantly detected in all group sizes of green mussel. The result of the   LMW/  HMW and diagnostic binary ratio indicated that PAH contamination is caused by a mixed source of petrogenic and pyrogenic processes. It may be due to the presence of oil spilled and petroleum waste from shipyard and cargo activities and atmospheric deposition. Based on excess cancer risk (ECR) value and the concentration level of PAH carcinogenic according to National Agency of Drug and Food Control (BPOM) regulation, PAH level in green mussels are acceptable and minor negative impact due to typical human consumption. Nevertheless, it needs to be circumspect to exploiting green mussels as seafood resources for daily consumption due to the carcinogenic content.
Design and Performance of Scaled-Up Microwave Dryer for Seaweed Drying Arif Rahman Hakim; Wahyu Tri Handoyo; Adrianto Widi Prasetya
Squalen, Buletin Pascapanen dan Bioteknologi Kelautan dan Perikanan Vol 15, No 3 (2020): December 2020
Publisher : Research and Development Center for Marine and Fisheries Product Processing and Biotechnol

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15578/squalen.v15i3.454

Abstract

Direct sunlight is commonly used to dry fresh seaweed by artisanal farmers in Indonesia due to its low cost and ease of handling. Nevertheless, this method poses some drawbacks such as lengthy duration, weather dependency and quality degradation. The application of microwave technology in food processing has progressed dramatically, including in the drying process. The microwave drying method is more efficient and can shorten the processing time. This study aimed to describe a large-scale microwave dryer (MD) design and performance to assist the fresh seaweed drying process. The design concept applies microwave energy with a volumetric heating feature to accelerate the seaweed drying process without damaging its functional groups. The MD dimensions were 2410 (l) x 270 (w) x 210 (h) mm with a dryer capacity of up to six kilograms, an enlarged cavity and multiple magnetrons. The main components of the MD were cavity, air circulation system, drying system and control system. According to the performance testing, the MD’s optimum performance was at a power level setting of P7 and six kilograms load. At this setting, we obtained a dried seaweed with a moisture ratio of 0.68±0.05, drying rate of 30.29±1.32 g/min, specific energy consumption of 3.96±0.08 MJ/kg H2O and energy efficiency of 58.45±2.65%. The total power of the P7 setting operation required 2.00 kW. Fourier-Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectra showed that the functional groups of the dried seaweed were unaltered.
Detection of Histamine-Producing Bacteria on Tuna Species using Histidine Decarboxylase (hdc) and 16S rRNA Mala Nurilmala; Novia Nanda Saputri; Asadatun Abdullah; Nurjanah Nurjanah; Roza Yusfiandayani; Muhamad Fedi Alfiadi Sondita
Squalen, Buletin Pascapanen dan Bioteknologi Kelautan dan Perikanan Vol 15, No 3 (2020): December 2020
Publisher : Research and Development Center for Marine and Fisheries Product Processing and Biotechnol

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15578/squalen.v15i3.445

Abstract

Histamine-producing bacteria to predict histamine level production can be identified by a molecular approach. The purpose of this study was to identify the types of histamine-producing bacteria on tuna, little tuna, and skipjack (TTC) meat, to analyze its bioinformatics through phylogenetic tree construction also to determine the levels of its histamine. The identification of histamine-producing bacteria was conducted using a molecular technique based on the hdc and 16S rRNA genes. Histamine levels were measured by a spectrofluorometer. The results showed types of histamine-producing bacteria had been successfully identified, both using specific hdc and 16S rRNA universal primers, including Morganella morganii, Enterobacter hormaechei, Klebsiella aerogenes, and Enterobacter bugandensis. The phylogenetic tree showed that the bacteria M. morganii and E. hormaechei were closely related to one cluster. Meanwhile, the other close relative cluster were Klebsiella aerogenes, Enterobacter bugandensis, and Escherichia fergusonii. In addition, histamine levels of frozen tuna, little tuna, and skipjack were 2.96±0.22 ppm, 2.14±0.23 ppm, and 1.02±0.97 ppm, respectively.

Page 24 of 37 | Total Record : 363

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