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INDONESIA
Civil Engineering Journal
Published by C.E.J Publishing Group
ISSN : 24763055     EISSN : 24763055     DOI : -
Core Subject : Engineering,
Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture
Civil Engineering Journal is a multidisciplinary, an open-access, internationally double-blind peer -reviewed journal concerned with all aspects of civil engineering, which include but are not necessarily restricted to: Building Materials and Structures, Coastal and Harbor Engineering, Constructions Technology, Constructions Management, Road and Bridge Engineering, Renovation of Buildings, Earthquake Engineering, Environmental Engineering, Geotechnical Engineering, Highway Engineering, Hydraulic and Hydraulic Structures, Structural Engineering, Surveying and Geo-Spatial Engineering, Transportation Engineering, Tunnel Engineering, Urban Engineering and Economy, Water Resources Engineering, Urban Drainage.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 1,848 Documents
 153   154   155   156   157 
Frictional Axial Resistance of Clamped Split Pocket Mechanism Steel Structural Joint: An Experimental Study Putra, Whelly T.; Setiawan, Angga F.; Saputra, Ashar; Satyarno, Iman; Pratama, Hamdi Y.
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 10, No 9 (2024): September
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-09-07

Abstract

The Clamped Split Pocket Mechanism (CSPM) prefabricated joint system was developed for a single-story steel instant house, designed to be compact and rapidly constructed without modifying the end of the beam and column element member. The CSPM bolted joint system was proposed as an optimal solution for post-disaster housing, especially after earthquakes. Despite its potential, the frictional tensile resistance behavior of the CSPM bolted joint system has not been previously studied, necessitating experimental investigation. This study examined the frictional tensile resistance behavior of the CSPM joint system by monitoring the effective friction coefficient under axial tension force. The experiments considered both the strong and weak axes of the joint and utilized two configuration types of specimens (L and T) with varying bolt pretensions of 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10 kN. Results indicated that the effective friction coefficient of the CSPM bolted joint system ranged from 0.19 to 0.26, correlated to bolt pretension. Increased bolt pretension resulted in larger surface deformation of the split pocket, triggering a not uniform frictional tensile resistance across the steel surfaces of the split pocket joint. From this study, the achieved effective friction coefficients could guide the design of minimum pretension forces for clamps in prefabricated steel instant houses. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-09-07 Full Text: PDF
Use of Recycled Ceramic Powder as a Green Alternative in Mortar-Based Cementitious Composites Zghair, Luma A. G.; Yousif, Mohammad Z.; Salman, Luay K.; Al-Hamd, Rwayda Kh. S.; Sarhan, Mazin M.
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 10, No 10 (2024): October
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-10-03

Abstract

Recognizing material waste as a significant global concern has influenced both the environment and the construction industry. The utilization of ceramic waste as a recycled material in construction projects has gained attention as an effective and sustainable approach to address environmental issues. This study examines the use of waste ceramic tile powder (WCTP) as a supplementary material in cement mortars to decrease the amount of cement required. WCTP was used in place of cement at percentages of 5%, 10%, and 20%. Four different mix designs were created and tested for the study, yielding a total of 48 specimens. Numerous investigations were carried out, including flow table evaluations, measures of dry density, assessments of compressive and flexural strengths, X-ray diffraction, and SEM-EDX testing. The objective of these investigations was to evaluate the specimens' mechanical and physical characteristics as a whole. The findings showed that using ceramic powder in place of some cement might enhance the properties of the mortar. The compressive and flexural strengths of the mortar were notably impacted by replacing 10% of the cement content with ceramic powder. The inclusion of ceramic powder significantly enhanced the mortar's microstructure interface, according to SEM-EDX studies. In the end, the utilization of ceramic powder was found to have a substantial positive impact on the environment by reducing waste. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-10-03 Full Text: PDF
Experimental Study of the Principal Characteristics of Sustainable Micropile Grout Containing Alternative Sands Phuc Lam, Dao; Van Manh, Nguyen; Nhan, Pham Thi; Viet, Le Huy; Lam, Tang Van; Van Phi, Dang; Hung, Ngo Xuan; Osinski, Piotr; Onyelowe, Kennedy C.; Van Duc, Bui
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 10, No 10 (2024): October
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-10-019

Abstract

The paper discloses a laboratory investigation on employing manufactured sand cement as grout in micropiling works. In practice, to prepare micropile grouts, Portland cement is commonly used. The grout usually consists of natural sand to obtain the strength parameters and value international standards require for micropile construction. It is common knowledge that using concrete and natural sand leaves its environmental footprint. Although there have been numerous attempts to use more environmentally friendly materials, utilizing manufactured sands, particularly for micropile grouting, is a scientific challenge that researchers are still trying to address. The present study investigates the performance of micropile grout mixtures containing manufactured (M) sands, including limestone (L-M) and granite (G-M) rock as replacements for natural sand. For this purpose, laboratory tests, including unconfined compression strength (UCS) and workability tests, were conducted on samples with varying compositions and ratios of L-M and G-M materials. The complementary microstructure and chemical composition analyses were performed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analysis. The laboratory results indicate that the UCS at 28 days of hardening for all M-sand cement mixtures exceeds the minimum standards required values, falling in a range of 40-50.2 MPa. It’s noteworthy that the strength of cement grout containing L-M sand was found to be higher than that of G-M sand. The SEM results show the G-M sand grain is rougher than L-M, and the L-M sand grain size is finer than the G-M samples, which causes a decrease in porosity at the interfacial transition zone. Grout workability tests demonstrated that higher water-cement ratios (W/C) led to increased fluidity across all mixtures, with G-M sand resulting in lower flowability than L-M samples. Overall, the results suggest that the proposed mixtures could serve as sustainable alternatives for micropiling, reducing cement content and utilizing alternative, reused materials in grouting mixtures more effectively and sustainably. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-10-019 Full Text: PDF
Evaluating the Rutting Resistance of Asphalt Mixtures Containing Waste Steel and Treated Recycled Concrete Aggregate Hussein, Ghufran Abd Al-Mohsen; Ismael, Mohammed Qadir
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 10, No 11 (2024): November
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-11-011

Abstract

Using treated recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) in asphalt with waste steel reinforcement benefits the economy and the environment while delaying asphalt pavement deterioration. This study examined the impact of using RCA in several percentages reinforced by three dosages of waste steel: 0.3, 0.6, and 0.9 added as a proportion of mixture weight. The RCA was immersed in a 0.1M Hydrochloric acid solution for one day to treat the weak cement mortar in RCA and reduce the thickness of this layer. The assessment was carried out in a laboratory using the typical Marshall test to determine the optimum quantity of asphalt contents, the volumetric properties of asphalt mixtures, and the wheel tracking test; the study involved ten rectangular slabs measuring 30×40×5 cm, and they were repeatedly subjected to 700 N wheel loads at 55°C to test their rut resistance. According to the study, while Marshall's stability increased, adding waste steel and RCA did not significantly alter the volumetric properties of asphalt mixes. The greatest improvement in Marshall stability, 45.18% over the conventional mix, was seen in the mix, including 75% RCA and 0.9% waste steel. The rutting performance decreased with the addition of RCA and rose with the inclusion of waste steel. The results indicate that adding waste steel to asphalt mixtures effectively increases the rutting resistance. The mixture with 50% RCA and 0.9% waste steel showed less rutting depth of 25.01% than the conventional mix. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-11-011 Full Text: PDF
Comparison of Multi-Objective Metaheuristics for Discrete Optimization of Steel Trusses Using Direct Analysis Tran, Trung-Hieu; Vu, Quoc-Anh; Truong, Viet-Hung; Nguyen, Ngoc-Thang
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 10, No 12 (2024): December
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-12-07

Abstract

This study enriches structural optimization research using direct analysis for steel truss structures, which is often hampered by high computational demands. The main objective of this work is to evaluate multi-objective optimization algorithms in truss sizing optimization with discrete variables, focusing on minimizing total mass and controlling inter-story drift under multiple load combinations. Five leading multi-objective metaheuristic algorithms were assessed: SPEA2, GDE3, NSGA2, MOEA/D, and the novel MOEA/D-EpDE, which uniquely combines MOEA/D with Dynamical Resource Allocation and pbest Differential Evolution. Four performance indicators, such as Generational Distance (GD), GD Plus (GD+), Inverted GD+ (IGD+), and Hypervolume (HV), were utilized. Findings from four truss optimization problems revealed that all considered algorithms located feasible optimal solutions, but MOEA/D-EpDE excelled, consistently securing the lowest GD, GD+, IGD+, and anchor point values, along with the highest HV values in most scenarios. This indicates its superior capability in addressing the problem efficiently. NSGA2 and MOEA/D also performed well, outperforming GDE3 and SPEA2. This study is pioneering in its application of these algorithms to steel truss optimization via direct analysis, highlighting the potential for advanced computational techniques in structural engineering. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-12-07 Full Text: PDF
Experimental and Numerical Analysis of Punching Shear of GFRP-RC Slabs Al-Ateyat, Aroob; Barakat, Samer; Junaid, M. Talha; Altoubat, Salah; Maalej, Mohamed; Awad, Raghad
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 10 (2024): Special Issue "Sustainable Infrastructure and Structural Engineering: Innovations in
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-SP2024-010-017

Abstract

This study investigates the punching shear behavior of Glass Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (GFRP)-reinforced concrete slabs, addressing critical gaps in current design guidelines for high-strength concrete (HSC). The objective is to evaluate the impact of concrete strength, including normal-strength concrete (NSC, 30 MPa) and HSC (60 and 90 MPa), on the punching shear resistance, bridging the lack of experimental data that limits the use of HSC in FRP-reinforced slabs. The research employs experimental testing on three full-scale slab specimens (1.5 m × 1.5 m × 0.1 m) under concentric monotonic loading until failure, coupled with Finite Element Analysis (FEA) using the Concrete Damage Plasticity (CDP) model in ABAQUS. Key findings reveal that increasing concrete strength moderately enhances punching shear resistance by 5.6% and 8.9% for 100% and 200% strength increases, respectively. The FEA model successfully replicates load-deflection behavior, crack patterns, and failure mechanisms with less than a 3% deviation from experimental results. This study enriches the literature with experimental data on GFRP-reinforced slabs using HSC and verifies FEA as a robust design tool for engineers. The findings contribute to developing comprehensive design guidelines for FRP-reinforced slabs subjected to punching shear in high-strength applications. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-SP2024-010-017 Full Text: PDF
Ensemble Learning Models for Prediction of Punching Shear Strength in RC Slab-Column Connections Habibi, Omid; Youssef, Tarik; Naseri, Hamed; Ibrahim, Khalid
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 10 (2024): Special Issue "Sustainable Infrastructure and Structural Engineering: Innovations in
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-SP2024-010-01

Abstract

In reinforced concrete (RC) structures, accurate prediction of the punching shear strength (PSS) of slab-column connections is imperative for ensuring safety. The existing equations in the literature show variability in defining parameters influencing PSS. They neglect potential variable interactions and rely on a limited dataset. This study aims to develop an accurate and reliable model to predict the PSS of slab-column connections. An extensive dataset, including 616 experimental results, was collected from earlier studies. Six robust ensemble machine learning techniques—random forest, gradient boosting, extreme gradient boosting, adaptive boosting, gradient boosting with categorical feature support, and light gradient boosting machines—are employed to predict the PSS. The findings indicate that gradient boosting stands out as the most accurate method compared to other prediction models and existing equations in the literature, achieving a coefficient of determination of 0.986. Moreover, this study utilizes techniques to explain machine learning predictions. A feature importance analysis is conducted, wherein it is observed that the reinforcement ratio and compressive strength of concrete demonstrate the highest influence on the PSS output. SHapley Additive exPlanation is conducted to represent the influence of variables on PSS. A graphical user interface for PSS prediction was developed for users’ convenience. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-SP2024-010-01 Full Text: PDF
Artificial Intelligence Using FFNN Models for Computing Soil Complex Permittivity and Diesel Pollution Content Nimer, Hamsa; Ismail, Rabah; Rawashdeh, Adnan; Al-Mattarneh, Hashem; Khodier, Mohanad; Hatamleh, Randa; Abuaddous, Musab
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 10, No 9 (2024): September
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-09-018

Abstract

Soil pollution caused by hydrocarbons, such as diesel, poses significant risks to both human health and the ecosystem. The evaluation of soil pollution and various soil engineering applications often relies on the analysis of complex permittivity, encompassing parameters such as dielectric constant and dielectric loss. Various computational models, including theoretical physics-based models, mixture theory models, statistical empirical models, and artificial neural network (ANN) models, have been explored for computing soil complex permittivity and predicting water and pollutant content. Theoretical models require detailed data that is often unavailable, and thus have limited applicability. Mixture models tend to underestimate soil characteristics due to inaccuracies in permittivity estimation of soil phases. While empirical models are widely used, their applicability is restricted to specific soil types, datasets, and locations. ANN models offer promising predictions, accommodating nonlinear phenomena and allowing for missing information and variables. In this study, capacitive electromagnetic electrode sensors were utilized to determine the complex permittivity of soil contaminated with varying levels of diesel at different moisture levels. Theoretical mixture, empirical, and Feed Forward Neural Network (FFNN) models were employed to compute the permittivity of polluted soil based on its phases and to predict the level of diesel pollution. A comparison of these modeling approaches revealed that the FFNN model exhibited the best performance. The ANN model demonstrated superior performance metrics, including a high correlation coefficient and lower mean square error. Specifically, the correlation coefficients for the FFNN model were 0.9942 for training samples, 0.9967 for validation samples, and 0.9977 for test samples. Additionally, the ANN model yielded the lowest mean square error compared to the other three models. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-09-018 Full Text: PDF
Increasing the Efficiency of Underground Block Leaching of Metal Yussupov, Khalidilla; Aben, Erbolat; Myrzakhmetov, Sayfulmalik; Akhmetkanov, Dalelkhan; Sarybayev, Nurzhigit
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 10, No 10 (2024): October
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-10-014

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to increase the efficiency of underground block metal leaching by increasing the metal content in the pregnant solution using the cavitation effect. To achieve this goal, it is proposed to process (cavitate) the leaching solution on the injector. The following research methods were used in this study: analysis of the current state of scientific and technical problems and research, laboratory work to establish the effect of the treated (cavitated) solution on the metal content in the pregnant solution, collection and processing of statistical data from laboratory work, analysis of research results, and preparation of conclusions. According to the results of laboratory research, leaching with a treated solution on an injector leads to an increase in the content of a useful component in the pregnant solution. The maximum increase in the metal content in the pregnant solution was achieved by processing the leaching solution for 5 min. The effectiveness of the solution over time after treatment was maintained for a long time (up to one month). Changes in the solution pressure did not affect the effectiveness of the treated leaching solution. The scientific novelty of this work consists of determining the dependence of the content of the useful component in the pregnant solution on the time of processing the leaching solution on the injector and the leaching time, which determines the optimal time for processing the solution on the injector to obtain the maximum metal content in the pregnant solution. The dependence of the content of the useful component in the solution on the pressure during leaching with untreated and treated solutions on the injector was obtained. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-10-014 Full Text: PDF
Seismic Performance Assessment of Sustainable Shelter Building Using Microtremor Method Putra, Rusnardi Rahmat; Kiyono, Junji; Ono, Yusuke; Saputra, Dezy
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 10, No 11 (2024): November
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-11-06

Abstract

The increasing intensity of earthquakes in West Sumatra could trigger megathrust earthquakes and tsunamis at the inter-plate in the Mentawai Islands. Building assessments are necessary to determine their vulnerability to predicted earthquakes. The target is a four-story building that serves as an education building and vertical evacuation. This research proposes a complete vulnerability assessment method using single microtremor observations, and the results are used to determine seismic building performance. The natural frequency is derived from the spectral analysis of the horizontal components (NS and EW) for each level, and we considered the largest earthquake peak ground motion (PGA) in this region to be the September 30, 2009, Padang earthquake (PGA 380 gals as ground motion input). We calculated the resonance index, seismic vulnerability index, and damping ratio. The results show that the resonance index of the structure is less than 1, the vulnerability index of the UNP Faculty of Economics building ɤ > (1/100-1/200) and is 1/234 to 1/699 for the x direction and 1/207 to 1/709 for the y direction; the average damping ratio is <5% for both directions (x, y) and RDM and FSR relationship is 0.78 and 0.69 for x and y respectively. The overall findings indicate that the structural response of the evaluated buildings falls within the 'slight' damage category during seismic events. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-11-06 Full Text: PDF

Page 155 of 185 | Total Record : 1848

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