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INDONESIA
Civil Engineering Journal
Published by C.E.J Publishing Group
ISSN : 24763055     EISSN : 24763055     DOI : -
Core Subject : Engineering,
Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture
Civil Engineering Journal is a multidisciplinary, an open-access, internationally double-blind peer -reviewed journal concerned with all aspects of civil engineering, which include but are not necessarily restricted to: Building Materials and Structures, Coastal and Harbor Engineering, Constructions Technology, Constructions Management, Road and Bridge Engineering, Renovation of Buildings, Earthquake Engineering, Environmental Engineering, Geotechnical Engineering, Highway Engineering, Hydraulic and Hydraulic Structures, Structural Engineering, Surveying and Geo-Spatial Engineering, Transportation Engineering, Tunnel Engineering, Urban Engineering and Economy, Water Resources Engineering, Urban Drainage.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 1,848 Documents
 151   152   153   154   155 
Role of Slag Replacement on Strength Enhancement of One-Part High-Calcium Fly Ash Geopolymer Intarabut, Darrakorn; Sukontasukkul, Piti; Phoo-ngernkham, Tanakorn; Hanjitsuwan, Sakonwan; Sata, Vanchai; Chumpol, Poopatai; Sae-Long, Worathep; Zhang, Hexin; Chindaprasirt, Prinya
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 10 (2024): Special Issue "Sustainable Infrastructure and Structural Engineering: Innovations in
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-SP2024-010-013

Abstract

This paper reports the effect of slag (SL) replacement and water-to-binder (w/b) ratio on properties of one-part geopolymer derived from high-calcium fly ash (FA) and sodium silicate powder (NP). The FA was replaced by SL at the rates of 20% and 40%, respectively. This study focused on conducting experimental tests to evaluate the relative slump, setting time, compressive strength, and flexural strength of one-part FA-based geopolymer. The relationship between compressive and flexural strengths of one-part geopolymer mortar was expressed using the simplified linear regression model, whereas the normalization of compressive and flexural strengths with SL replacement by the strength of one-part geopolymer mortar without SL as the divisor was also evaluated. Experimental results showed that the increase of SL replacement and w/b ratio significantly affected the workability and strength development of one-part geopolymer mortar. Higher SL replacement exhibited a positive effect on their compressive and flexural strengths; however, a reduction in its setting time was obtained. The enhancement in strength development of one-part geopolymer was primarily due to the increased calcium content of SL. Similarly, reducing the w/b ratio in the production of one-part geopolymer resulted in a decrease in setting time and an increase in strength development. Based on the relationship between compressive and flexural strengths, the prediction coefficient value (R2) obtained from the curve fitting procedure was 0.835, indicating a good level of reliability and acceptability for engineering applications. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-SP2024-010-013 Full Text: PDF
Risk-Based Method-Technology Integration on Spun Pile Production for Product and Service Quality Hidayawanti, Ranti; Latief, Yusuf; Gaspersz, Vincent
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 10, No 11 (2024): November
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-11-015

Abstract

The research aims to identify the risk factors and the medium-high risks to use as the basis for the innovative method of spun pile manufacturing technology. The research uses the Delphi method to analyze and review the validity of content construction, pilot and respondent surveys, focus group discussions, and expert validation. The findings show utilizing and optimizing the technology on production machinery is influential for results on both product and service quality. The dominance category in the medium-risk technology indicates the need for improvement in the operator's competence. The result also indicates the largest medium risk is during the initial integration, Cutting and Heading at 84%, and the final step, Stressing and Spinning, at 59%. The research improvement to map the production process is related to the medium and high risks to know where and how the industry can improve. This risk-based technology and integration method is a proposed method using an approach to innovation management by reducing the risk values. Innovation by improving the standard operational procedure (SOP) was based on the relation of each activity during the integration within the risk category of medium-medium, medium-high, and high-high. We recommend improving SOP and utilizing information technology on precision for both subprocesses. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-11-015 Full Text: PDF
Sensor Layout Design for Structural Health Monitoring Kyung, JungHyun; An, Jae-Hyoung; Eun, Hee-Chang
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 10, No 12 (2024): December
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-12-011

Abstract

This study investigates the enhancement of optimal sensor placement (OSP) algorithms by incorporating modal reduction constraints and developing combined techniques. The primary goal is to optimize sensor placement for structural health monitoring (SHM), thereby improving the efficiency of information acquisition within practical constraints. The proposed methodology utilizes iterative elimination and combined criteria to evaluate various sensor configurations. Numerical experiments demonstrate distinct sensor layouts derived from diverse algorithmic approaches. The study's novel contributions include the integration of modal strain energy, effective independence (EI), and modal assurance criterion (MAC) techniques into a unified framework, enhancing adaptability to a wide range of SHM scenarios. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-12-011 Full Text: PDF
Analysis of Traffic Safety Factors and Their Impact Using Machine Learning Algorithms Sejdiu, Liridon; Tollazzi, Tomaz; Shala, Ferat; Demolli, Halil
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 10, No 9 (2024): September
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-09-06

Abstract

The safety of road traffic is facing increasing challenges from a range of factors, and this study aims to address this issue. The paper describes the development of a model that assesses both the quantitative and qualitative aspects of the current traffic situation and can also predict future trends based on monthly data on traffic accidents over a period of years. The dataset is composed of the number of accidents that occurred in the Pristina region over a 10-year period, and these are categorized based on the type of accident and safety factors, including human, vehicle, and road factors. By using machine learning algorithms, a model has been developed that determines the factor with the greatest impact on traffic safety. To create the model, the algorithms Multiple Linear Regression (MLR), Artificial Neural Network (ANN), and Random Trees (RT) were used. The model evaluates the contribution of human, road, and vehicle factors to traffic accidents, using machine learning algorithms and 36 types of traffic accidents to analyze the relevant statistics. The results indicate a very good fit of the model according to the MLR algorithm, and this model also identifies the road factor as the main influencer of the traffic safety level. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-09-06 Full Text: PDF
Influence of Integral Crystalline Waterproofing on Concrete Properties: Dosage Impact and Microstructural Analysis Na Songkhla, Warun; Jamnam, Sittisak; Chaikaew, Chalermphol; Sua-iam, Gritsada
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 10, No 10 (2024): October
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-10-02

Abstract

The present research study aims to investigate the properties and performance of concrete containing an integral crystalline waterproofing (ICW) admixture, added at an optimal dosage to resist water without compromising structural integrity. To achieve this, an experimental program was conducted on specimens with ICW dosage variations ranging from 0 to 4.8 kg/m2. The impact on water absorption, pulse velocity, and microstructural characteristics was tested and analyzed using XRF and EDS techniques. The findings reveal that increasing the dosage decreases water absorption by approximately 43% at maximum dosage compared with the control. A 41% increase in pulse velocity indicates a denser concrete matrix. The principle of optimization is highlighted, as an overdose of ICW generates a non-structural crystalline gel at the bottom of the specimens. The optimum dosage range for ICW to improve water resistance without adverse effects on structural performance was determined to be 3.2 to 4.0 kg/m2. This research introduces a novel approach by evaluating the comprehensive performance of concrete in relation to ICW dosage, providing valuable insights into the practical application of ICW admixture to enhance concrete quality and durability. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-10-02 Full Text: PDF
Performance of Treated Date Palm Leaf Fiber as a Sustainable Reinforcement for Different Soil Al-Hassnawi, Noor S.; Azmi, Mastura; Fattah, Mohammed Y.; Ahmad, Fauziah
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 10, No 10 (2024): October
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-10-018

Abstract

The use of sustainable materials in geotechnical applications has increased in recent years due to their positive impacts on geo-environmental and future generations. This paper contributes to existing knowledge on geocell reinforcement of soil by proposing a new inexpensive product: cells made from natural materials, Date Palm Leaf fiber coated with Bitumen (DPLB), to improve its durability, as an alternative to commercially available high-density polyethylene (HDPE) geocells. A physical laboratory model was designed to examine the performance of the DPLB cell and HDPE cell reinforced base layer under repeated loading. The study tested different infill materials gravel, sand, and recycled asphalt pavement (RAP) in DPLB cells and HDPLE geocell-reinforced granular layers and compared them to unreinforced layers. The reinforcement's performance was assessed using elastic deformation, permanent deformation, traffic benefit ratio, and rut depth reduction. Results showed that both DPLB cell and geocell reinforced sand decreased the cumulative permanent deformations compared to the unreinforced layer. DPLB reinforcement cells improved the permanent deformation behavior by 30% due to the lateral restriction provided by the DPLB pockets on the infill materials, while the geocell improved it by 7%. The traffic benefit ratio (TBR) of geocell-reinforced RAP is 26% greater than that of the DPLB cell-reinforced RAP section, although both geocell and DPLB cell exhibited similar TBR values in the case of gravel infill materials. The experimental results showed that DPLB cells are a cost-effective and environmentally friendly substitute for commercially available HDPE geocells in soil reinforcement applications. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-10-018 Full Text: PDF
Effect of Coal Combustion Waste on Cement-Treated Clay Nugroho, Soewignjo A.; Wardani, S. P. Retno; Muntohar, A. S.; Satibi, Syawal
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 10, No 11 (2024): November
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-11-010

Abstract

High plasticity clay is soil with poor material characteristics; one of them is the large shrinkage condition due to its high plasticity. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the soil using cement and coal-combustion waste (CCW). The purpose of this research is to determine the effect of mixture addition on the CBR value of the specimen on stabilization. Variations of 6%, 9%, 12%, and 15% of CCW and cement content vary by 3% and 5%. Based on the test results, there is an increment in the CBR bearing capacity, which was initially 0.80% to 18.75% to 42.90% by adding cement and CCW between 6% and 15%, respectively, after 7 days of curing. This increment is the largest of all variations in the CBR test. The percentage of increment in CBR value is quite large, i.e., a multiple of 200. This proves that the mixture is able to work effectively in increasing the bearing capacity of the soil. Based on microscopic testing of CBR samples, it is obtained that the higher the levels of Bottom Ash Fly Ash (BAFA) and cement, the rougher and paler the samples became as the structure changed. And vice versa, the lower CCW content and cement content made the sample structure become smoother and brighter in color, closer to the original color of natural clay. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-11-010 Full Text: PDF
Experimental Study on Strength and Performance of Foamed Concrete with Glass Powder and Zeolite Al-Khazaleh, Mahmoud; Krishna Kumar, P.; Qtiashat, Deya; Alqatawna, Ali
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 10, No 12 (2024): December
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-12-06

Abstract

Cement manufacturing accounts for approximately 7% of anthropogenic CO₂ emissions. To mitigate environmental impact and achieve “net zero” by 2050, developing cementitious materials that minimize cement consumption is crucial. This research aims to reduce cement usage in Foamed Concrete (FC). The study investigates the mechanical, durability, and thermal properties of FC using two distinct Supplementary Cementitious Admixtures (SCA): Glass Powder (GP) and natural zeolite. Cement was replaced with SCA at varying percentages (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25% by weight) in FC. The FC density was adjusted by incorporating foam at 15% and 30% of the total volume of concrete. The study evaluated the flowability of each mix in its fresh state. The mechanical properties were assessed by measuring compressive strength and ultrasonic pulse velocity. The performance of FC was further analyzed in terms of thermal conductivity, sorptivity, and water absorption. The test results revealed that FC with GP combinations exhibited high flowability and an improved strength-to-density ratio. Additionally, water absorption, sorptivity, and thermal conductivity were significantly reduced compared to conventional FC. An extensive cost-benefit analysis highlighted the feasibility of utilizing common waste materials to produce high-grade FC and assessed the impacts of cementitious admixtures as viable alternatives to cement. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-12-06 Full Text: PDF
Artificial Recharge of an Unconfined Aquifer Using Treated Wastewater as a Climate Change Mitigation Strategy Mukheef, Rana A. H.; Hassan, Waqed H.; Alquzweeni, S.
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 10 (2024): Special Issue "Sustainable Infrastructure and Structural Engineering: Innovations in
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-SP2024-010-016

Abstract

Worldwide groundwater extraction has increased dramatically during the past six decades. Water scarcity will affect 1.4 billion people in around 48 nations by 2025. Iraq is experiencing an unparalleled and severe water crisis due to various factors, including climate changes, insufficient rainfall, the policies of neighboring nations, and the increased demand resulting from population expansion. The research area (Dibdiba aquifer) is in Iraq, in the middle between Najaf and Karbala. It was observed that farmers had abandoned numerous wells as a result of the decline in their water levels. Groundwater is the water resource for the region, and due to high agricultural and industrial demand, the Dibdiba aquifer is facing groundwater depletion. This study utilized climatic datasets projected under two scenarios obtained from CMIP6 and the Groundwater Modeling System (GMS). The objective was to evaluate the effect of projected climate change on the quantity of groundwater. Artificial recharge of treated wastewater from the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in Kerbala into groundwater aquifers has proven to be an effective method of mitigating groundwater depletion while providing a sustainable water supply. Eleven wells are distributed randomly within the research area; each of them is located within the unconfined aquifer. The groundwater levels in these wells were measured in situ from July 2023 to April 2024. The model was run for steady and unsteady flow conditions, and calibration at steady state was carried out using the groundwater head data for (7) wells. These seven wells were selected to represent the whole research region as well as shorten the simulation run duration in the calibration process. On the other hand, the transient calibration was performed employing measurements of groundwater heads for four wells. Calibration and validation results indicated convergence between the observed and simulated heads. The modeling findings showed that the increment in groundwater level is about 1.0, 1.85, and 2.25 m with artificial recharge of about 6000 m³/day, 9000 m³/day, and 12000 m³/day, respectively. The above findings illustrate the ability of artificial recharge as a highly promising strategy for addressing the water depletion and environmental issues in the Dibdiba aquifer. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-SP2024-010-016 Full Text: PDF
Modeling of the Full-Scale Secondary Sedimentation Basin Using the GPS-X Model Hasan, Safi A.; Nile, Basim K.; Faris, Ahmed M.
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 10, No 9 (2024): September
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-09-017

Abstract

The secondary sedimentation basin is being modeled in this study for the first time using the GPS-X model instead of the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model. This study was conducted in the extended-aeration Al-Hur treatment plant that struggles with unstable sedimentation in its sedimentation tank. After collecting and entering the data into the GPS-X model, the model was calibrated and validated, and the results were statistically examined based on R and RMSE. To determine the efficiency of the sedimentation tank, the following scenarios were investigated: 1) testing the efficiency in removing pollutants; 2) conducting state point analysis (SPA); and 3) measuring the concentration of sludge in the layers of the sedimentation basin. Six factors were considered during the sensitivity analysis, namely sludge volume index (SIV), surface area, underflow rate (RAS), pumped flow (WAS), maximum settling velocity, and liquid temperature. The calibration and validation results were within the specified limits, and the secondary sedimentation basin demonstrated high efficiency in removing pollutants, with the analysis point (SPA) obtaining the highest MLSS concentration of 3000 mg/L. The sludge concentrations in the lower layers were 7000 mg/L, while those in the upper layer were 18 mg/L. These results suggest that a lower (100 ml/g) sludge volume index corresponds to a better sedimentation basin efficiency. Increasing the surface area of sedimentation basins can positively affect their efficiency, while increasing waste-activated sludge, maximum settling velocity, and liquid temperature may reduce pollutants and improve the sedimentation process. The GPS-X model is demonstrated as an excellent tool for understanding and predicting the work behavior of sedimentation basins, making this model particularly valuable for the management of sewage treatment plants. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-09-017 Full Text: PDF

Page 153 of 185 | Total Record : 1848

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