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Civil Engineering Journal

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Published by C.E.J Publishing Group

ISSN : 24763055 EISSN : 24763055 DOI : -

Core Subject : Engineering,

Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture

Civil Engineering Journal is a multidisciplinary, an open-access, internationally double-blind peer -reviewed journal concerned with all aspects of civil engineering, which include but are not necessarily restricted to: Building Materials and Structures, Coastal and Harbor Engineering, Constructions Technology, Constructions Management, Road and Bridge Engineering, Renovation of Buildings, Earthquake Engineering, Environmental Engineering, Geotechnical Engineering, Highway Engineering, Hydraulic and Hydraulic Structures, Structural Engineering, Surveying and Geo-Spatial Engineering, Transportation Engineering, Tunnel Engineering, Urban Engineering and Economy, Water Resources Engineering, Urban Drainage.

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Articles 1,848 Documents

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Assessment and Estimating Groundwater Vulnerability to Pollution Using a Modified DRASTIC and GODS Models (Case Study: Malayer Plain of Iran) Maryam Hosseini; Ali Saremi
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 4, No 2 (2018): February
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

This study deals with the intrinsic vulnerability of groundwater reservoirs to pollution, by the use of two models DRASTIC and GODS, this study is done by taking samples from 17 water resources of Malayer plain Aquifer area of southern Hamedan Province, Iran. 30 physicochemical parameters and heavy metals have been studied and vulnerability of this aquifer to the nitrate concentration, was determined. The study showed that results from DRASTIC were better than GODS in Assessment and Estimating groundwater vulnerability to pollution, also DRASTIC model has been corrected, and compared the ability of these two models in vulnerability zoning has been evaluated. According to high correlation between DRASTIC index and nitrate concentration, ranking and weighting of nitrate pollutant is inserted in the DRASTIC equation, and zoning map of DRASTIC method has been calibrated by nitrate concentration. By this method, vulnerability zoning is determined between very low to very high, which shows the increase of DRASTIC index by nitrate concentration. DRASTIC parameters uncertainty has affected the zoning results in this method, but its calibration with nitrate concentration, gives more accurate vulnerability results.

Induced Settlement Reduction of Adjacent Masonry Building in Residential Constructions Abolfazl Mohafezatkar Sereshkeh; Reza Jamshidi Chenari
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 3, No 7 (2017): July
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Many buildings and heritages are yearly damaged due to new construction plans in vicinity of them. Current engineering practice in Iran lacks unfortunately regulations to enforce the designers of new buildings to re-evaluate the structural integrity of adjacent old buildings which are prone to unacceptable induced settlement and distortions. To damage assessment of old building, deflection ratio was used for unreinforced load-bearing wall (masonry) building. In this paper some practical methods like story limits for the new buildings according to the specification of old structure, improvement of shallow foundations and increasing the embedment depth of new foundations have been studied in order to decrease the settlement and undesirable effects of adjacent constructions. Parametric studies using numerical analysis, Flac3D, have paved the way how above mentioned methods can remedy the problem. So induced consolidation settlements due to new construction in adjacent building were studied. In conclusion, increase of admissible story of new building up to one floor by increase of embedment depth as much as one meter and three floors by using of mat foundation instead of single footing were highlighted these methods.

Measuring the Influences and Impacts of Signalized Intersection Delay Reduction on the Fuel Consumption, Operation Cost and Exhaust Emissions Shamil Ahmed Flamarz Al-Arkawazi
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 4, No 3 (2018): March
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

With the rapid urban expansion and economic development, vehicle fuel dissipation and exhaust emissions have been identified as major energy wastage and urban air pollutions in Kalar City and Iraqi Kurdistan Region in general. Traffic congestion is a growing problem in Kalar City and other urban areas. As it increases, the delay at the transportation network will increase. Any increase of the delay in the transportation network will reflect negatively by increasing the delay at the signalized intersections. Therefore, a study on delay and its relation to fuel consumption, operation cost and emissions at signalized intersection are necessary. This paper, studies the influences and impacts of signalized intersection delay reduction on the fuel consumption, operation cost, and exhaust emissions. A simulation is carried out to evaluate the existing conditions of selected intersections by estimating the intersection delay, operation cost, and emissions. The simulation results show that fuel consumption, operation cost, and emissions are high and directly proportional to the intersection delay. To reduce intersection delay, a signal timing optimization is carried out to the selected intersections. The optimization results show that the delay reduction has a significant influence and impacts in reducing; fuel wastage, operation cost, and exhaust emissions.

Deformation Characteristics of Sand Geofoam Blocks using Large-Scale Oedometer Apparatus Reza Jamshidi Chenari; Alireza Firoozfar; Shekofeh Attari; Ardavan Izadi; Seyed Ebrahim Shafiei
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 3, No 8 (2017): August
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

As a lightweight fill material, expanded polystyrene (EPS) geofoam block has been successfully utilized in geotechnical applications due to its low density and high compressive strength. Understanding the modulus of elasticity and compressibility coefficient of sand-EPS is an aspect that has not been fully understood which may have a significant effect on the design and construction of geotechnical structures. In this study, an attempt has been made to understand the behavior of deformation characteristic parameters of sand-geofoam block combinations with different patterns, using a newly designed and fabricated large-scale oedometer apparatus. The influence of both different combinations of sand-EPS geofoam and relative densities of soil, on the stress-strain behavior and coefficient of volume compressibility under controlled conditions, are experimentally studied. Specimens of EPS geofoam with a density of 8 kg/m3 were tested in relative densities of 35% and 70% of sand under six different overburden pressures of 50 kPa, 100 kPa, 150 kPa, 200 kPa, 250 kPa, and 300 kPa. From the experimental results, it is observed that the settlement and volume compressibility coefficient substantially increased, as the thickness of EPS geofoam increases. Furthermore, utilization of thinner EPS layers with the constant volume fraction ratio of EPS led to the greater settlement.

Seismic Assessment of Arch Dams Using Fragility Curves Vandad Kadkhodayan; S. Meisam Aghajanzadeh; Hasan Mirzabozorg
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 1, No 2 (2015): December
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

In the present paper, the IDA approach is applied to analyzing a thin high arch dam. The parameters of Sa, PGA and PGV are used as intensity measure (IM) and the overstressed area (OSA) is utilized as engineering demand parameter (EDP) and then, three limit states are assigned to the considered structure using the IDA curves. Subsequently, fragility curves are calculated and it is showed that the PGA is a better parameter to be taken as IM. In addition, it is found that the utilizing the proposed methodology, quantifying the qualitative limit states is probable. At last, having the fragility curves and considering their slope in addition to the other routine data which can be extracted from these curves, one may be able to conclude that in what performance level the considered dam body seems to be weak and needs retrofitting works.

Effect of Variable Confining Pressure on Cyclic Triaxial Behavior of K0-consolidated Soft Marine Clay Lei Sun
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 4, No 4 (2018): April
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

The effect of variable confining pressure (VCP) on the cyclic deformation and cyclic pore water pressure in K0-consolidated saturated soft marine clay were investigated with the help of the cyclic stress-controlled advanced dynamic triaxial test in undrained condition. The testing program encompassed three cyclic deviator stress ratios, CSR=0.189, 0.284 and 0.379 and three stress path inclinations ηampl=3,1 and 0.64. All tests with constant confining pressure (CCP) and variable confining pressure (VCP) have identical initial stress and average stress. The results were analyzed in terms of the accumulative normalized excess pore water pressure rqu recorded at the end of each stress cycle and permanent axial strain, as well as resilient modulus. Limited data suggest that these behavior are significantly affected by both of the VCP and CSR. For a given value of VCP, both of the pore water pressure rqu and permanent axial strains are consistently increase with the increasing values of CSR. However, for a given value of CSR, the extent of the influence of VCP and the trend is substantially depend on the CSR.

Mechanical Properties of Polyolefin Fiber-Reinforced Light Weight Concrete Arash Sedaghatdoost; Morteza Amini
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 3, No 9 (2017): September
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

The utilization of polyolefin fibers in reinforced concrete can potentially enhance the properties of the concrete by changing the interfacial properties of the fiber-matrix interface. The objective of this research was to determine the mechanical properties of polyolefin fiber reinforced lightweight concrete (LWC). Compressive, flexural, and splitting tensile strengths of the sample were measured. Polyolefin fibers were added to the reinforced composite in variable amounts (0-2%). The lightweight concrete was designed to achieve compressive strength target of at least 30 MPa with a density value of 1800 kg/m3 after 28 days of storage. The results showed that the highest compressive strength was obtained in LWC containing 1% fiber led to an increase of about 8%. However, a reduction in compressive strength was observed when the amount of fiber was increased. Moreover, increasing the amount of fiber presented a growth in rupture modulus as well as splitting tensile strength.

The Risk Assessment of Dam Construction Projects Using Fuzzy TOPSIS (Case Study: Alavian Earth Dam) Sina Shaffiee Haghshenas; Mir Ahmad Lashteh Neshaei; Pouyan Pourkazem; Sami Shaffiee Haghshenas
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 2, No 4 (2016): April
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

One of the appropriate tools for conducting a successful project is the risk management during the implementation of the project. Dam construction projects are complex projects with high impact factors such as variable and uncertain conditions. To identify the risks of project, experts' experiences and comments including mind storm and consultation sessions were used. Risk analysis is a complex issue. Therefore, in this paper, the fuzzy multiple criteria decision making (FMCDM) technique was used to rank the risk which is a powerful and effective tool in solving complex problems under uncertain and implicit conditions. Due to the uncertainty in the language, fuzzy data were used for the quantitative analysis of the probability and severity of effects and the repetition of risks taken into account. The present research was conducted on Alavian dam in the northeast of Iran. Due to the result of the study, design mistakes' risk (R4) has the highest level of risk and earthquake, etc. has the lowest level of risk in Alavian dam project.

Strut and Tie Modeling for RC Deep Beams under non-Central Loadings Khattab Saleem Abdul-Razzaq; Sarah F. Jebur; Abbas H. Mohammed
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 4, No 5 (2018): May
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

This work aims at presenting detailed procedures companied by numerical examples for analyzing and designing reinforced concrete deep beams that subjected to non-central loadings based on Strut and Tie method (STM). The subjected loadings were moved from the center of the beam span towards the supports reaching the maximum non-centrality could be achieved (after which the beams became ‘not deep’ from ACI 318M-14 point of view). A total of three deep beams with three different types of loadings were taken into considerations; one concentrated force, two concentrated forces and uniformly distributed load. Every specimen had a cross section of 150 400 mm and a total length of 1000 mm. Generally, it was found that moving load from the span center towards one of the supports leads to worth notable decreases in the beam ultimate capacity. Therefore, in the case of one-concentrated force, the ultimate load capacity decreased by 30.2% when left shear span to effective depth ratio (aL/d) decreased from 1.3 to 0.65. While in the cases of two-concentrated forces or uniformly distributed loading, it was found that changing (aL/d) ratio from 1.02 to 0.37 led to decrease the deep beam ultimate capacity by 30.5%.

Numerical Modelling of Flow in Morning Glory Spillways Using FLOW-3D Amir Reza Razavi; Hassan Ahmadi
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 3, No 10 (2017): October
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Suspended load amount with flow is one of the factors which are disregarded in designing morning glory spillways. It is due to the fact that physical modeling of sediment load with flood flow is very difficult and costly. Suspended sediments load with flow can change the density of passing water, leading to changing most of assumptions existing in spillways' design. With its unique potential to model dense flows and flows contain suspended loads, numerical model of FLOW-3D can provide valuable information in this regard. In the present study, flow was calibrated and validated using FLOW-3D through physical model. Then, by adding suspended load to flow, the values of discharge passing through the morning glory spillway were determined. In this regard, applying suspended load (3000, 6000, 9000, and 12000 ppm), flow discharge values were investigated for various heads over the spillway. The research findings revealed that increasing suspended flow load leads to decreasing values of flow passing through the morning glory spillways; such that, deceased values strongly depend on suspended load.

Page 31 of 185 | Total Record : 1848

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