cover
Article Per Year (5 Year)
All
Home Page
OAI Link
Editorial Team
Contact
Reviewer
Google Scholar
Contact Name
Prof. Dr. Ir. Komang G. Wiryawan
Contact Email
kgwiryawan@yahoo.com
Phone
+622518421692
Journal Mail Official
mediapeternakan@apps.ipb.ac.id
Editorial Address
Faculty of Animal Science Building, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University) Jln Agatis, Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia
Location
Kota bogor,
Jawa barat
INDONESIA
Tropical Animal Science Journal
Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor
ISSN : 2615787X     EISSN : 2615790X     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Energy
ropical Animal Science Journal (Trop. Anim. Sci. J.) previously Media Peternakan is a scientific journal covering broad aspects of tropical animal sciences. Started from 2018, the title is changed from Media Peternakan in order to develop and expand the distribution as well as increase the visibility of the journal. The journal is published three times a year in April, August, and December by Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), associated with Animal Scientist's Society of Indonesia. The first edition with the new title will be published in April 2018 edition (Vol 41 No 1 2018), while the previous edition (up to 2017 edition) will still use Media Peternakan as the title and could be accessed in the old website (http://medpet.journal.ipb.ac.id/). This journal has been accredited by National Journal Accreditation (ARJUNA) Managed by Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education, Republic Indonesia with First Grade (Sinta 1) since year 2018 to 2022 according to the decree No. 30/E/KPT/2018.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 15 Documents
 1   2 
Search results for , issue "Vol. 44 No. 4 (2021): Tropical Animal Science Journal" : 15 Documents clear
Estimation of Energy and Protein Requirements of Arabic Hens during Rearing Period by Free Choice Feeding Syafwan; Noferdiman; S. Zubaida; T. M. Pasaribu; Adrizal
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 44 No. 4 (2021): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2021.44.4.462

Abstract

The present experiment was conducted to estimate the metabolizable energy (ME) and crude protein (CP) requirements of female Arabic chickens under a semi-scavenging system from starter to first egg-laying age. Two hundred and forty-five day-old chicks were allotted into 12 sheltered pens with 20 chicks each. They were offered either control or choice diet and replicated six times. The control group was offered a control diet based on the Hy-line Brown Nutrient Requirements Standard, whereas the choice group was offered a control diet (starter period: 2910 kcal of ME/kg and 19.7% of CP; grower period: 2854 kcal of ME/kg and 17.5% of CP; developer period: 2754 kcal of ME/kg and 16.0% of CP; pre-laying period: 2776 kcal of ME/kg and 16.5% of CP; and laying period: 2814 kcal of ME/kg and 18.4% of CP) together with four other diets (high energy-high protein [3101 kcal of ME/kg and 23.0% of CP], high energy-low protein [3133 kcal of ME/kg and 14.3% of CP, low energy-high protein [2638 kcal of ME/kg and 23.4% of CP], and low energy-low protein [2677 kcal of ME/kg and 14.6% of CP]). Data were analyzed using Proc Mixed of SAS. Results showed that feed intake was significantly lower in choice dietary treatments in all periods, except in the starter period. ME and CP intakes were similar (p>0.05) in all periods. However, ME and CP concentrations in the diet consumed were higher (p<0.05) in choice dietary treatment in all periods, except CP concentration in the starter period. BWG started to be higher (p<0.05) in choice dietary treatment during the developer and pre-laying period. The onset of laying was two days early in choice-fed birds. It can be concluded that free choice feeding on a diet varying in energy and protein had a beneficial effect on the growth rate of female Arabic hens by consuming more a high energy-high protein and a high energy-low protein diet. ME and CP requirements of Arabic hens for starter period were 3026 kcal of ME/kg and 18.8%, for grower period were 3081 kcal of ME/kg and 18.4%, for developer period were 3091 kcal of ME/kg and 18.5%, and for pre-laying period were 3072 kcal of ME/kg and 18.8% to faster the onset of laying.
Digestibility, Milk Yields, and Milk Quality of Ettawa Crossbred Goats Fed Coleus amboinicus L. Leaf Extract M. Afdal; D. Darlis; A. Adriani
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 44 No. 4 (2021): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2021.44.4.441

Abstract

Coleus amboinicus L. leaf (CAL) could reduce the rate of amino acid deamination and protein degradation within the rumen. This phenomenon would hopefully increase the amount of protein that passes through the rumen to the abomasum. Therefore, it might improve the digestibility of the ration and then influence the milk yield and quality. The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effect of extracted CAL within the ration on the ration digestibility, milk yield, and milk quality of Ettawa crossbred (EC) goats. This study used sixteen EC with an average weight of 32.25 ± 3.31 kg and aged 1.5–2.5 years. Experimental goats were fed diets with different CAL extracts: P0, 0% (control); P1, 2% powdered CAL; P2, 2% ethanol-extracted CAL; and P3, 2% water-extracted CAL. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design with four replication blocks. All variables were statistically analyzed with ANOVA and significances were followed by Duncan’s test. P3 treatment significantly (p<0.05) increased milk yield and milk quality in comparison with control. Unlike the other treatments, P3 treatment was water-extracted CAL that could affect these variables. P3 treatment showed the best result among the four treatments. In conclusion, P3 treatment, the supplementation of 2% water-extracted CAL within the ration, could improve the milk yield up to 30.24% in comparison with the control ration and also improve milk composition, such as milk protein (4.47%), milk casein (3.99%), milk fat (3.85%), and solid nonfat (SNF) (6.53%). The supplementation of water-extracted CAL within ration could improve the milk yield and milk quality of EC.
Haplotype Diversity of Swamp Buffalo and River Buffalo Based on Cytochrome B Gene: A Study of Meta-Analysis F. Saputra; A. Anggraeni; A. B. L. Ishak; A. Hafid; M. Rusdin; C. Sumantri
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 44 No. 4 (2021): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2021.44.4.399

Abstract

Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) is well known as a domesticated buffalo in Asia. The genetic diversity of buffaloes in Asia needs to be studied to ensure a proper breeding program. A meta-analysis study on the cytochrome b gene of the mitochondrial genome from various published data was conducted to evaluate genetic variation and haplo-geography of Asian buffaloes. A meta-analysis is used to provide a comprehensive view of the data. A total of 1369 swamp buffaloes Cytochrome B sequences (from Indonesia (79), Bangladesh (98), China (909), India (4), Laos (96), Taiwan (29), Thailand (54), and Vietnam (100)) and 91 river buffaloes (from China (42), Nepal (42), and Pakistan (7)) were used in this study. Cytochrome B sequences (678 bp) of Syncerus caffer, Bubalus arnee, Bubalus depressicornis, Bubalus quarlesi, Bubalus mindorensis, swamp buffalo, and river buffalo were determined for their haplotypes using DnaSP v6 program. Haplotypes were analyzed by Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCoA) using Adegenet Package and Hierarchical Clustering on Principal Components (HCPC) methods using Factoextra and FactoMineR Package in R-4.0.0 program. Bayesian analysis of genetic differentiation was implemented in BAPS 6.0. Furthermore, we found 56 haplotypes for swamp buffaloes in eight Asian countries and 5 haplotypes for river buffaloes in Pakistan. We also found 5 haplotypes for outgroup (B. arnee, S. caffer, B. depressicornis, B. quarlesi, B. mindorensis). Therefore, we found 66 haplotypes in total with outgroup sequences. Based on the PCoA results, three clusters were found. However, the HCPC found eight clusters. Based on HCPC, countries in East and South Asia have four maternal lineages. This is evidence that buffalo domestication has first occurred in East-South Asia. In conclusion, we found four maternal lineages of swamp buffalo and two maternal lineages of river buffalo from ten countries. We also found one maternal lineage for Syncerus caffer and one maternal lineage for B. depressicornis, B. quarlesi, and B. mindorensis.
Maintaining the Quality of Kacang Buck Semen in Chilled Storage with the Addition of Green Tea Extract in Extender S. Susilowati; I. Mustofa; W. Wurlina; T. Hernawati; Y. Oktanella
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 44 No. 4 (2021): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2021.44.4.408

Abstract

Kacang goats can be bred through artificial insemination techniques using liquid semen from a superior buck. The study was aimed to determine the quality of Kacang buck semen in chilled storage when green tea extract (GTE) was added to the semen extender. Specifically, 12 ejaculates from three Kacang bucks were diluted in skim milk–egg yolk extender containing 0 mg, 0.05, 0.10, and 0.15 mg of GTE/100 mL. The extended semen was stored at 5°C, and its quality was evaluated daily for 5 d. Comparatively, semen with 0.10 mg of GTE/100 mL had the best quality (p<0.05): it had the highest sperm viability, sperm progressive motility, and sperm intact plasma membrane values, and the lowest malondialdehyde levels and DNA fragmentation percentage. However, as the storage period increased, there was a decrease in sperm viability, sperm motility, and sperm intact plasma membrane values with an increase in malondialdehyde levels and DNA fragmentation (p<0.05). The sperm motility of semen with 0.10 mg of GTE/100 mL was maintained during 5 d of chilled storage to meet the qualification for artificial insemination. In contrast, the sperm motility of semen with 0.05 mg and 0.15 mg of GTE/100 mL was maintained for 4 d, whereas that of the control semen was maintained only for 3 d. Thus, the addition 0.10 mg of GTE/100 mL of skim milk-egg yolk extender seems to help maintain the quality of Kacang goat sperm in chilled storage.
Morphometrics Characterization of Thin-Tail Sheep in Lowland and Highland Areas Depison; W. P. B. Putra; Gushairiyanto; Y. Alwi; H. Suryani
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 44 No. 4 (2021): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2021.44.4.386

Abstract

Breed characterization in the livestock is important for the breeding program in the future. This research aimed to characterize Thin-tail sheep in the highland and lowland areas of Jambi Province based on 7 body measurements and body indices using multivariate analysis. Data were collected from 160 sheep consisted of 80 rams and 80 ewes from each area (320 sheep in total with 1-2 years old). The research showed that the principal component analysis (PCA) in this study was explained 65.84%-72.30% by body measurements and 78.23%-84.99% by body indices of the total phenotypic variance of animals. The body measurement of cannon circumference (CC) and body indices of area index (AI), relative cannon index (RCI), dactyl thorax index (DTI), conformation index (CI), and index of body weight (IBW) were selected as the discriminating variable for Thin-tail sheep in different areas. However, this study’s canonical correlation (rc) values were 0.44 for body measurements and 0.47 for body indices. Therefore, about 67.5% of Thin-tail sheep from the lowland area and 57.5% of Thin-tail sheep from the highland area can be characterized with body measurements. Hence, about 61.2% of Thin-tail sheep from the lowland area and 65.6% of Thin-tail sheep from the highland area can be characterized with body indices. Temperature, humidity, rainfall, and length of radiation in the highland areas are lower than in the lowland areas. The cluster analysis in four Thin-tail sheep populations revealed two clusters, i.e., cluster 1 consisted of Kerinci and Sungai Penuh and cluster 2 consisted of Muaro Jambi and Batanghari. It was concluded that about 60% of Thin-tail sheep could be characterized through their body indices.
Physiological Repairing of Postpartum Rat Uterus Treated with Pelawan (Tristaniopsis obovata Benn.) Extract Yusfiati; W. Manalu; H. Maheshwari; Andryanto
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 44 No. 4 (2021): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2021.44.4.415

Abstract

The study examined the effectiveness of ethyl-acetate fraction of Pelawan extract on the activities of superoxide dismutases in physiological repairing of uterus in postpartum rat based on SOD activity, MDA concentration, and Cu, Zn SOD expressions. The experiment was arranged with a factorial, completely randomized design. Seventy-two female rats were divided into 4 groups, namely, control 1 (P01= 9), control 2 (P02= 9), giving birth once (P1= 27), and giving birth twice (P2= 27). The experimental rats were given treatments orally with 4 doses, namely 0 mg/kg BW, 50 mg/kg BW, 100 mg/kg BW, and 150 mg/kg BW. Observation data were taken on days 0, 3, and 5 after parturition. Variables measured were SOD activity, MDA levels, and the number of cells in the uterine tissue expressing Cu, Zn SOD. The results of studies on the condition of P01, P02, P1, and P2 showed significant changes in Cu, Zn SOD expressions. The low of SOD and MDA activities were found at doses of 100 mg and 150 mg. The high number of cells expressing Cu, Zn SOD in the epithelium cells and gland cells were found at a dose of 100 mg. Antioxidant plant extracts and their dosages determine the activities of SOD, MDA, and Cu, Zn SOD expressions in the uterus that will affect the process of repairing and involution of uterine tissue. Allegedly, the bioactive compounds extracted at certain doses effectively affect the physiological repair of cells in the uterine tissue of postpartum mothers.
Propolis Supplementation on Broiler Chicken Performances, Nutrient Digestibility, and Carcass Characteristics: A Meta-Analysis Sadarman; A. Irawan; C. Hidayat; Elfawati; M. M. Sholikin; R. P. Harahap; R. K. Rusli; R. Solfaine; A. Sofyan; Nahrowi; A. Jayanegara
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 44 No. 4 (2021): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2021.44.4.425

Abstract

This meta-analysis was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary propolis supplementation on broiler performance, carcass characteristics, and nutrient digestibility evaluated at the starter and finisher phases. An online literature search was conducted using scientific platforms of Science Direct, PubMed, and Google Scholar to identify the studies utilizing propolis as dietary supplementation in broiler chickens. A total of 39 publications comprising of 58 experiments met the inclusion criteria. A mixed model procedure for meta-analysis was performed, considering the studies as a random effect and levels of propolis as a fixed effect. Regression analysis suggested that average daily gain (ADG), body weight, and average daily feed intake (ADFI) at starter and finisher phases were quadratically affected by supplementing propolis in the diet (p<0.01). Propolis also lowered the feed conversion ratio (FCR) throughout the periods (p<0.05). In addition, a positive effect of propolis inclusion was also observed on breast meat percentage (p<0.05). However, there was a negative linear relationship between propolis and the digestibility of dry matter (DMD) and organic matter (OMD) (p<0.01) at the starter period. Conversely, there was a linear increase in DMD (p<0.05) and a tendency to improve apparent metabolizable energy (AME) and phosphorus digestibility at the finisher period (p<0.10). Overall, it can be concluded that dietary propolis supplementation promoted better growth performance and feed efficiency when given at ~1.66-2.13 g/kg diets for starter and finisher phases in the broiler chickens. The effect of propolis on nutrient digestibility was positive at the finisher phase while it was detrimental at the starter phase.
The Polymorphism and Expression of CYP2E1 Gene and Its Relation to Carcass and Meat Quality of Indonesian Lamb R. S. Harahap; R. R. Noor; A. Gunawan
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 44 No. 4 (2021): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2021.44.4.377

Abstract

The aim of this study was to conduct the genotyping of the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in g.50657948 T>G of the CYP2E1 gene and its relation to the carcass and meat quality. A total of 200 Indonesian lambs consisted of 20 Javanese fat-tail sheep (JFTS), 37 Javanese thin-tail sheep (JTTS), 20 Garut sheep (GS), 21 Jonggol sheep (JS), 34 Garut composite sheep (GCS), 35 compass agrinac sheep (CAS), and 33 Barbados cross sheep (BCS) aged between 10-12 months old were used in this study. The polymorphism of the CYP2E1 gene was characterized using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) with NlaIII enzyme restriction. The CYP2E1 gene found the three genotypes (GG, GT, and TT) and the allele frequencies were in Hardy Weinberg equilibrium. The CYP2E1 gene was significantly associated with meat quality, i.e., pH value and tenderness, as well as fatty acid composition (p<0.05), i.e., saturated fatty acid (SFA): caprylic acid (C8:0), arachidic acid (C20:0), heneicosylic acid (C21:0), behenic acid (C:22:0), and tricosylic acid (C23:0), monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA): elaidic acid (C18:1n9t) and paullinic acid (C20:1); polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA): linoleic acid (C18:2n6c) and y-linolenic acid (C20:3n6). A gene expression analysis indicated that the GG genotype had the highest expression level. It could be concluded that the SNP g.50657948 T>G of the CYP2E1 gene could be used for candidate marker-assisted selection to improve the carcass and meat quality of Indonesian lamb.
Stimulation of IgM Production in HB4C5 Cell Line and Mouse Splenocytes by Egg Yolk Extract from the Egg of Indonesian Native Chicken R. Mulyani; E. Harmayani; Nurliyani; K. Nishi; M. Ishida; T. Sugahara
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 44 No. 4 (2021): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2021.44.4.511

Abstract

Kampung-chicken, as a local wisdom, has always been considered superior in terms of health benefits compared to commercial chicken. Therefore, this study was designed to evaluate the immunostimulatory effects of Kampung-chicken eggs using in vitro approaches. The physical (interior and exterior quality) and chemical characteristics of Kampung-chicken eggs were firstly analyzed; the commercial chicken egg was used as a comparison. The effects of water extract of Kampung-chicken egg yolk (KEYWE) and water extract of commercial-chicken egg yolk (CEYWE) on IgM production and the expression of IgM-gene on HB4C5 cells were analyzed. In addition, the stimulatory effects of both samples on IgA, IgG, and IgM production by mouse primary splenocytes were analyzed as well. To isolate the active substance, the water extract from egg yolk was partially purified by salting out using (NH4)2SO4. Data analysis of the comparison between Kampung-chicken egg and the commercial-chicken egg was performed by t-test; meanwhile, the results for in vitro studies were performed by one-way ANOVA, and Tukey’s multiple comparison test was used for posthoc analysis. The result showed that KEYWE increased IgM production in HB4C5 cells by 5.91 fold as compared with control. In addition, KEYWE increased IgA, IgG, and IgM productions in mouse primary splenocytes by 5.20, 2.54, and 3.1 fold, respectively. Moreover, the immunoglobulin (Ig) production-stimulating activities of KEYWE on HB4C5 cells and mouse primary splenocytes were higher than those of CEYWE. The active substance in Kampung-chicken egg yolk was precipitated at 80% saturation of (NH4)2SO4. Altogether, it is expected that the Kampung-chicken egg has more effective immunostimulatory activity than the commercial chicken egg.
Somatic Cell and Cheesemaking Variables of WAD Goat Milk: Influence of Parity and Lactation Stage A. T. Yusuff; A. A. Badmos; E. V. Awofadeju; A. A. Akintunde; O. I. Alli; V. O. Chimezie; T. R. Fayeye
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 44 No. 4 (2021): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2021.44.4.502

Abstract

The suitability of any goat breed for dairy purposes depends on its assessment of milk-related traits. This study evaluates the influence of parity and lactation stage on somatic cell count (SCC) and cheese-making variables of West African Dwarf (WAD) goat milk. A total of 48 lactating WAD does of three different parities (the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd) were milked over a period of time-phased into three stages of lactation (early, mid, and late). The milk was subjected to SCC and cheese-making during which coagulation time, cheese yield (CY), whey volume, and whey pH were recorded. Collected data were subjected to analysis of variance and Pearsons’ correlation. The result revealed that the milk SCC of the does in the 3rd parity (2.16 x 105 cells) was significantly (p<0.05) higher than 1.89 x 105 and 1.87 x 105 cells in the milk of the 1st and the 2nd parity does respectively. There was a similar variation trend of SCC as lactation progresses in each of the parities. The CY significantly increased (p<0.05) as lactation progresses in the 1st parity (early – 16.95%; mid – 17.21%; late – 20.85%) while, the milk of the 2nd and the 3rd parity from mid to late lactation stage yielded statistically similar cheese that was comparable with late lactation CY of the 1st parity does. The lactation stage and SCC were positively correlated with CY. The volume and pH of the whey were neither affected by the lactation stage nor parity. The study concludes that parity uncovers the effect of lactation stage on the milk SCC of WAD does while the milk obtained from mid to late lactation stage yields more cheese.

Page 1 of 2 | Total Record : 15

 1   2 

Filter by Year

2021 2021


Reset
Filter By Issues
All Issue Vol. 49 No. 1 (2026): Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 48 No. 6 (2025): Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 48 No. 5 (2025): Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 48 No. 4 (2025): Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 48 No. 3 (2025): Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 48 No. 2 (2025): Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 48 No. 1 (2025): Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 47 No. 4 (2024): Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 47 No. 3 (2024): Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 47 No. 2 (2024): Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 47 No. 1 (2024): Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 46 No. 4 (2023): Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 46 No. 3 (2023): Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 46 No. 2 (2023): Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 46 No. 1 (2023): Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 45 No. 4 (2022): Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 45 No. 3 (2022): Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 45 No. 2 (2022): Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 45 No. 1 (2022): Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 44 No. 4 (2021): Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 44 No. 3 (2021): Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 44 No. 2 (2021): Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 44 No. 1 (2021): Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 43 No. 4 (2020): Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 43 No. 3 (2020): Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 43 No. 2 (2020): Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 43 No. 1 (2020): Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 42 No. 3 (2019): Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 42 No. 2 (2019): Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 42 No. 1 (2019): Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 41 No. 3 (2018): Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 41 No. 2 (2018): Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 41 No. 1 (2018): Tropical Animal Science Journal More Issue