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Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia

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Published by Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia

ISSN : 08532788 EISSN : 25277669 DOI : -

Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Materials Science & Nanotechnology

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Articles 283 Documents

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Isolation and Structure Determination of Antioxidants Active Compounds from Ethyl Acetate Extract of Heartwood Namnam (Cynometra cauliflora L.) Dede Sukandar; Siti Nurbayti; Tarso Rudiana; Tsalats Wahyul Husna
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 19, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Active compounds with antioxidant activity were isolated from ethyl acetate extract of namnam stem (C. cauliflora L.) that had undergone maceration and fractionation by gravity column chromatography. The compounds were later identified by by using UV-Vis Spectrophotometry, FTIR, LCMS and 1H-NMR. Ethyl acetate extract of namnam stem showed considerably high antioxidant activity (IC50 value 4.68 Â± 0.035 ppm). The results of analysis by UV-Vis and FTIR showed carbonyl group conjugated with an aromatic ring at band I (Î»max 330.22 nm), chromophore group of alkene (C=C) at band II (Î»max 268.67 nm) and functional groups such as Oâˆ’H (3343.91 cm-1), C=O (1729.23 cm-1), C=C (1652.64 and 1611.99 cm-1), Câˆ’O (1269.89) and Câˆ’H ortho (738.23 cm-1). LCMS (m/z 270.9246) and 1H-NMR data showed seven proton signals on the aromatic ring at carbon position C-3 at Î´H 6.86 ppm (1H, s), C-6 at Î´H 5.95 ppm (1H, d, J=1.95 Hz), C-8 at Î´H 6.25 ppm (1H, d, J= 1.95 Hz), C-2â€™ and C-6â€™ at Î´H 7.03 ppm (2H, d, J=7.87 Hz), C-3â€™ and C-5â€™ at Î´H 6.87 ppm (2H, d, J= 7.87 Hz) so that the structure was identified as a flavonoid which was 4 ', 5,7-trihydroxy-flavones or known as apigenin. The isolated apigenin had very strong antioxidant activity, as shown by IC50 value of 5.18 Â± 0.014 ppm.

HIDROLISIS LIGNOSELULOSA PELEPAH DAN TANDAN KOSONG KELAPA SAWIT DENGAN KATALIS ZIRKONIA TERSULFATASI Anis Kristiani; Kiky Corneliasari Sembiring; Haznan Abimanyu; Fauzan Aulia
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 15, No 2 (2013)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Lignocellulosic biomass which are frond and empty fruit bunches (EFB) is second generation raw material for ethanol production. Lignocellulose usage is expected to create a green process. Utilization of lignocellulose materials into ethanol involved four main processes, i.e pretreatment, hydrolysis/sacharification, fermentation, distillation and dehydration ethanol that was product. This research aims to optimize hydrolysis process of EFB and frond by using sulfated zirconia catalyst characterized its physical and chemical properties as a solid acid catalyst. Catalytic hydrolysis process conducted at 160 DCfor 3 hours gave the highest TRS (Total Reducing Sugar) which is 17,51 % for EFB while for frondfor 2 hours which is 19,23 % .Keyword: Hydrolysis, solid acid catalyst, lignocellulose, frond, EFB, sulfated zirconia

PEMURNIAN GLUKOAMILASE DARI HASIL FERMENTASI KAPANG RHIZOPUS ORYZAE Linar Z. Udin; Rini Noviyanti; A. Sidik; A. T. Karossi
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 4, No 1 (1994)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Purification of the glucoamylase R. oryzae was carried out by addition of ammonium sulfate 80% saturation, on the fermentation broth at 4°C. The precipitate formed by centrifugation at 9000 rpm was then dialyzed in buffer solution and then concentrated using freeze dryer. It was found that the specific activity of the enzyme was around three-fold higher the crudeenzyme from fermentation broth and the purity of the enzyme was almost twelve-fold.purer than the crude enzyme. The molecular weight of the glucoamylase was found to be 36,000 as determined by SDS gel electrophoresis. The optimum pH witli soluble starch as substrate was at pH 4.5 and the optimum temperature was 55°C while the Km Value was 0.027%.

SEPARATION OF SAVORY FRACTION FROM AUTOLYSATE OF KIDNEY BEAN (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) FERMENTED BY Rhizopus sp-PL19 THROUGH CROSS-FLOW MICROFILTRATION (CFMF) MEMBRANE MODULE Aspiyanto Aspiyanto; Agustine Susilowati; Yati Maryati
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 16, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Separation of savory fraction from autolysate of kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) fermented by Rhizopus sp.-PL19 as potential seasoning agent was performed using cross-flow microfiltration (CFMF) technique in module scale. The goal of this experiment was to find out the effect of pressure and time on performance of MF membrane, and compositions of retentate and permeate. The result of experiment showed that separation and/or purification using CFMF technique gave permeate as savory fraction with better clearness and sharper aroma than retentate, but retentate had better composition than permeate. During separation increased total protein, dissolved protein and salt concentrations, but decreased total solid, reducing sugar and fat concentrations in permeate at pressure of 2 and 4 bar. Based on N-Amino concentration in permeate, the optimum condition of separation was reached at pump motor frequency of 10 Hz and room temperature with Â pressure of 2 and 4 bar for 10 minutes. This condition produced permeate with fluxes of 51.11 and 52.55 L/m2.hour, and concentrations of N-Amino of 5.50 and 9.80 mg/mL, dissolved protein of 1.01 and 0.97 mg/mL, total protein of 4.85 and 12.10 % (dry weight), reducing sugar of 55.75 and 53.75 mg/mL, salt of 1.16 and 1.06 %, fat of 0.41 and 0.65 %, and total solids of 7.82 and 6.35 %, respectively.Â Keywords : Autolysate, kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), Rhizopus sp.-PL19, cross-flow microfiltration (CFMF), permeate, retentate.Â Pemisahan fraksi gurih dari autolisat kacang merah (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) terfermentasi oleh Rhizopus sp.-PL19 sebagai bahan seasoning potensial dilakukan menggunakan teknik mikrofiltrasi cross-flow (MFCF) pada modul.Penelitian bertujuan untuk mencari pengaruh tekanan dan waktu pemisahan terhadap kinerja membran mikrofiltrasi (MF) dan komposisi dalam retentat dan permeat. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pemisahan dan/atau pemurnian menggunakan teknik MFCF memberikan permeat sebagai fraksi gurih savory dengan kejernihan lebih baik dan aroma lebih tajam daripada retentat, tetapi retentat memiliki komposisi lebih baik daripada permeat. Pemisahan dengan waktu lama menaikkan konsentrasi total protein, protein terlarut dan garam, namun mengurangi konsentrasi total padatan, gula pereduksi dan lemak dalam permeat pada tekanan 2 dan 4 bar. Berdasarkan konsentrasi N-Amino dalam permeat, kondisi optimum pada pemisahan dicapai dibawah frekuensi motor pompa 10 Hz dan suhu ruang dengan tekanan 2 dan 4 bar selama 10 menit. Kondisi ini menghasilkan permeat dengan fluks masing-masing 51,11 dan 52,55 L/m2.jam serta konsentrasi N-Amino of 5,50 dan 9,80 mg/mL, protein terlarut 1,01 dan 0,97 mg/mL, total proteinÂ 4,85 dan 12,10 % (berat kering), gula pereduksi 55,75 dan 53,75 mg/mL, garam 1,16 dan 1,06 %, lemak 0,41 dan 0,65 % serta total padatan 7,82 dan 6,35 %.Â Kata kunci : Autolisat, kacang merah (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), Rhizopus sp.-PL19, mikrofiltrasi cross-flow (CFMF), permeat, retentat.

PENGARUH LAMA WAKTU PENUMBUHAN SECARA VIBRASI TERHADAP STRUKTUR, KAPASITAS TUKAR KATION DAN INDEX SWELLING BETONIT Tasrif Tasrif; Siti SP Isnijah
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 9, No 1-2 (1999)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Bentonite is a kind of mining products, which contains high level of clay mineral as monmorillonite which has several properties. Before marketed is should be pulverized and packed. Pulverizing can be done traditionally by mean of using mortar as well as by modernly used mechanical grinder and vibrating discs mill. Effect of methods and duration of mechanical grinding on the characteristics of product including is structure, cathion exchange capacity and swelling index will be presented in this paper.Betonies was taken from Boyolaly-Central Java and pulveried traditionally as well as modernly in 2.5; 5.0; 7.5; 10 and 12.5 minuts. Alterations of its properties were analyzed, cathion exchange capacity and swelling index.Conclusion could be drawn that traditionally pulverizing did not affect on the structure of bentonie. However, the mechanical method using vibrating discs mill decrease the cathion exchange capacity, swelling index and cohesion forces might change the structure of montmorillonite from crystalline to amorf.

ESTIMASI KETIDAKPASTIAN PADA PENGUJIAN KADMIUM DALAM PRODUK PERIKANAN MENGGUNAKAN GRAPHITE FURNACE ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROMETRY Christine Elishian; Willy Cahya Nugraha; Yohanes Susanto Ridwan
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 14, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Sumber – sumber ketidakpastian dan penyumbang ketidakpastian terbesar pada pengujian kadarkadmium dalam produk perikanan telah berhasil diidentifikasi melalui estimasi ketidakpastian denganpendekatan “bottom up” menggunakan diagram cause-effect. Sumber - sumber ketidakpastian yang ikutberkontribusi pada pengujian kadmium, yaitu massa sampel, massa larutan, standar larutan induk dan kalibrasi,faktor pengenceran, kadar air, konsentrasi kadmium dalam larutan yang diukur dengan GFAAS, recovery, dan presisi metode. Komponen yang paling mempengaruhi nilai ketidakpastian ini yaitu konsentrasi kadmium dalamlarutan hasil destruksi yang diukur dengan GFAAS yaitu sebesar 0,0452 mg/kg. Konsentrasi logam kadmiumdan ketidakpastiannya dalam produk perikanan yang dilaporkan yaitu 0,273 ± 0,025 mg/kg pada tingkatkepercayaan 95% dan faktor cakupan 2.Kata kunci : Ketidakpastian, Kadmium, Produk Perikanan, GFAAS, Validasi Metode

SINTESIS DAN KARAKTERISASI PERAK NANOPARTIKELBAKTERIAL SELULOSA BIONANOFIBER NANOKOMPOSIT Muhamad Nasir; Chandra Risdian; Lilis Syarifuddin
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 14, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Silver nanoparticle-bacterial cellulose bionanofiber nanocomposite (nano Ag-BSB) has been synthesized by using trisodium nitrate as reducing agent. The arrangement offiber in nano Ag-BSB nanocomposite has random shape after 26 confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM)analysis. Nano Ag-BSB nanocomposite has average 64.1 nm in nanofiber diameter. Fourier infra red spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis showed crystal structure in Ag-BSB nanocomposite is cellulose type L Crystalinity of BSB and Ag-BSB are 94 % and 89 %, respectively.This result showed that presence of silver nanoparticles in BSB decreased crystalinity of BSB. Ag-BSB nanocomposite has good performance in inhibitingE-Coli growth.Keywords: Silver nanoparticle; nanocomposite, bacterial cellulose bionanofibet; silver nanoparticlebacterial cellulose bionanofiber nanocomposit

THE INFLUENCE OF CATALYST AND FEEDSTOCK ON PRODUCT DISTRIBUTIONS FOR CRACKING OF c8 PARAFFINS ON HY AND HZSM-5 ZEOLITES Zainurlis Zainuddin
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 4, No 1 (1994)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Catalytic cracking of n-octane and 2-methylheptane, as well as mixtures of these paraffins, has been studied on HY and HZSAI-5 zeolites, and also on combinations of the catalysts. For cracking on individual zeolites, both feedstock and catalyst influence the resulting product distributions. For all feedstocks, product distributions are shifted towards smaller fragments for reaction on HZSM-5 compared to HY. Ratios of branched to linear paraffins are much more strongly influenced by catalyst type and feedstock than the corresponding ratios for olefinic products. For reactions on catalyst mixtures, distributions of the Iota I products by carbon number correspond well to a summation of contributions on the individual catalysts. However, a greater departure from prediction is seen for individual distributions of paraffins, olefins and aromatics, as well as for ratios of branched 10 lineal' paraffins, showing that hydrogen transfer processes and isomerization must occur. The addition of pentasil has also resulted in enrichment of the linear saturates at 101-,'ercarbon number which is due to preferential cracking of linear paraffins over the branched isomers.

ISOLASI SIKLOKOMUNOL DARI DAUN SUKUN Artocarpus altilis (PARKINSON) FOSBERG SERTA AKTIVITASNYA SEBAGAI ANTIKANKER Chandra Risdian; Tjandrawati Mozef; Puspa D.N Lotulung
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 16, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Daun sukun (Artocarpus altilis) sudah lama dijadikan sebagai obat tradisional untuk mengatasi berbagai penyakit seperti liver cirrhosis, hipertensi, dan diabetes. Ekstrak etil asetat dari daun sukun juga berpotensi menghambat pertumbuhan sel kanker. Beberapa senyawa yang telah diketahui sebagai agen antikanker di dalam ekstrak etil asetat daun sukun adalah golongan geranil flavonoid. Akan tetapi, senyawa pyranoflavoid belum dilaporkan dapat ditemukan pada daun sukun. Untuk itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi senyawa pyranoflavonoid dari ekstrak etil asetat daun sukun dan menguji aktivitasnya sebagai antikanker. Daun sukun diekstraksi dengan etanol 70% kemudian dilakukan partisi dengan petroleum eter dan etil asetat. Ekstrak etil asetat yang diperoleh difraksinasi dengan kromatografi kolom silica gel dengan gradient elusi heksan-etil asetat sehingga diperoleh senyawa kristal berwarna kuning, AA3. Senyawa AA3 kemudian diidentifikasi dengan spektrofotometer UV-Vis, LC-MS, 1H-NMR dan 13C-NMR dan diperoleh hasil bahwa senyawa AA3 tersebut adalah siklokomunol yang merupakan golongan pyranoflavonoid. Uji antikanker siklokomunol dengan MCF-7 dan T47D menunjukkan adanya aktivitas antikanker dengan nilai IC50 masing-masing adalah 75.46 ÂµM dan 36.20 ÂµM selama 48 jam.Kata kunci:Artocarpus altilis, siklokomunol, antikanker, MCF-7, T47D.Â Leaves of breadfruit Artocarpus altilis (Parkinson) Fosberg has long been used as traditional medicine to overcome a variety of diseases such as liver cirrhosis, hypertension, and diabetes. Ethyl acetate extract of the leaves of breadfruit also potentially inhibit the growth of cancer cells. Several compounds have been known as an anticancer agent in the ethyl acetate extract of leaves of breadfruit is belong to geranyl flavonoid group. However, the compound belong to pyranoflavoid group has not been reported can be found on the leaves of breadfruit. Therefore, this study aims to isolate the pyranoflavonoid compound from ethyl acetate extract of leaves of breadfruit and tested as an anticancer agent. Breadfruit leaves were extracted with 70% ethanol and then made a partition with petroleum ether and ethyl acetate. Ethyl acetate extract obtained was fractionated by silica gel column chromatography with gradient elution of hexane-ethyl acetate to obtain a yellow crystalline compound, AA3. AA3 compound was identified by UV-Vis spectrophotometer, LC-MS, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR and obtained results that AA3 compound is siklokomunol which is belong to pyranoflavonoid group. Anticancer test of siklokomunol with MCF-7 and T47D showed anticancer activity with IC50 values of each are 75.46 ÂµM and 36.20 ÂµM, respectively, for 48 hours.Keywords: Artocarpus altilis, siklokomunol, anticancer, MCF-7, T47D.

POLAROGRAFI DENYUT UNTUK PENENTUAN KADAR EMAS DALAM LARUTAN CAMPURAN DENGAN TEMBAGA DAN PERAK TANPA PROSES PEMISAHAN Soefjan Tsauri
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 1, No 1 (1991)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Pulse Polarographic determination of gold (- 2 ppm) in a solution mixture with the presence of silver and copper ion without separation has been examined. Utilizing the suitable condition, polarographic peaks of gold, silver and copper were separated and thus could make the determination of gold possible in a solution with silver and copper ions. From the investigations carried out, several conclusions were derived i.e. : 1. A system of KOH 1,5M, KN03 0,02 M and KCN 0,01M, which was then called the complexing and supporting electrolyte mixture or "Elektrolit Pendukung Pengkompleks Campuran (EPPC)'; appeared to be capable to remove the interference of copper and silver peaks from the gold polarogram peak area in tile Derivative Pulse Polarography. 2. The capabilities of this EPPC are used to determine the concentration of gold in the range of 2 to 10 ppm. The determination was carried am by the Derivative Pulse Polarography in a solution mixture with 30 ppm of silver and copper ion. Preliminary application of the EPPC system to the analysis of gold in a rock sample was observed and the result was compared with Neutron Activation Analysis method

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