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Indonesian Journal of Chemistry

ijc
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Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

ISSN : 14119420 EISSN : 24601578 DOI : -

Core Subject : Science, Engineering,

Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry

Indonesian Journal of Chemistry is an International, peer-reviewed, open access journal that publishes original research articles, review articles, as well as short communication in all areas of chemistry including applied chemistry. The journal is accredited by The Ministry of Research, Technology and Higher Education (RISTEKDIKTI) No : 21/E/KPT/2018 (in First Rank) and indexed in Scopus since 2012. Since 2018 (Volume 18), Indonesian Journal of Chemistry publish four issues (numbers) annually (February, May, August and November).

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Articles 16 Documents

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Search results for , issue "Vol 12, No 3 (2012)" : 16 Documents clear

VALIDATION OF PCR-RFLP TESTING METHOD TO DETECT PORCINE CONTAMINATION IN CHICKEN NUGGET Tri Joko Raharjo; Winda Cahyaningtyas; Surajiman Surajiman; Istini Istini; Deni Pranowo
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 12, No 3 (2012)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

PCR-RFLP technique to detect porcine contamination in chicken nugget has been developed and validated in this research. Various concentrations of pork were fortified during preparation of the nugget. DNA was then isolated from the nugget followed by PCR employed primers which targeted a 359 bp cytB gene fragment of mitochondrial DNA. For RFLP, the PCR product was digested by means of BamHI and BseDI enzymes. Cutting DNA fragments from nugget containing pork using BseDI enzyme produced DNA fragment with size 228 and 131 bp, while cutting with BamHI enzyme produce DNA fragments with sizes 244 and 115 bp. All of these fragments were not present in RFLP analysis of pork-free nugget. The method shows good specificity and precision and could detect porcine contamination in the nugget up to 5%. The method has been applied to test commercial nugget. Four brand of Halal-labeled commercial nugget as well as four brand of non labeled one gave negative porcine contamination.

SYNTHESIS AND CYTOTOXIC ACTIVITY OF CHALCONE DERIVATIVES ON HUMAN BREAST CANCER CELL LINES Nuraini Harmastuti; Rina Herowati; Dyah Susilowati; Harno Dwi Pranowo; Sofia Mubarika
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 12, No 3 (2012)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Chalcone, an α,β-unsaturated ketone, has been shown have many biological activities such as anticancer and antifungi. This research was conducted to synthesize the chalcone derivatives and to obtain their cytotoxic activity on human cervix cancer cell lines. Synthesis of chalcone and its derivatives, 4II-methylchalcone, 4II-methoxychalcone, and 3II,4II-dichlorochalcone was carried out using starting materials of benzaldehide and acetofenon, p-methylacetophenone, p-methoxyacetophenone, as well as m,p-dichloroacetophenone through Claisen Schmidt condensation catalized by NaOH in ethanol at 15 °C. The purity of synthesized compounds were analyzed by thin layer chromatography, melting range, and gas chromatography. Structure elucidations were conducted by UV spectrophotometer, IR spectrometer, 1H-NMR spectrometer, as well as mass spectrometer. Cytotoxic activities were determined by 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) microculture tetrazolium viability assay. The results showed that chalcone and derivatives compounds have been able to be synthesized and purified and had the same structure as a predicted structure. Chalcone had highest cytotoxic activity compared to that of its derivatives, with the IC50 values of chalcone, 4II-methylchalcone, 4II-methoxychalcone, and 3II,4II-dichlorochalcone were 9.49, 14.79, 11.48, and 24.26 µg/mL respectively. It was concluded that methyl, methoxy as well as chlorine substitution at 3 II and 4II position decrease the cytotoxic activity of chalcone.

3,4-DIHYDROXYBENZOIC ACID AND 3,4-DIHYDROXYBENZALDEHYDE FROM THE FERN Trichomanes chinense L.; ISOLATION, ANTIMICROBIAL AND ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES Nova Syafni; Deddi Prima Putra; Dayar Arbain
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 12, No 3 (2012)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid (1) and 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde (2) have been isolated from ethyl acetate fraction of methanolic fractions of leaves, stems and roots of the fern Trichomanes chinense L. (Hymenophyllaceae). These two compounds also showed significant antioxidant using DPPH and antimicrobial activities using the disc diffusion assay.

SYNTHESIS OF MAGNETIC NANOPARTICLES OF TiO2-NiFe2O4: CHARACTERIZATION AND PHOTOCATALYTIC ACTIVITY ON DEGRADATION OF RHODAMINE B Rahmayeni Rahmayeni; Syukri Arief; Yeni Stiadi; Rianda Rizal; Zulhadjri Zulhadjri
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 12, No 3 (2012)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Magnetic nanoparticles of TiO2-(x)NiFe2O4 with x = 0.01, 0.1, and 0.3have been synthesized by mixture of titanium isopropoxide (TIP) and nitric metal as precursors. The particles were characterized by XRD, SEM-EDX, and VSM. XRD pattern show the peaks at 2q = 25.3°, 38.4° and 47.9° which are referred as anatase phase of TiO2. Meanwhile NiFe2O4 phase was observed clearly for x = 0.3. The present of NiFe2O4 can prevent the transformation of TiO2 from anatase to rutile when the calcination temperature increased. Microstructure analyses by SEM show the homogeneous form and size of particles. The magnetic properties analysis by VSM indicates that TiO2-NiFe2O4 is paramagnetic behavior. TiO2 doped NiFe2O4 has higher photocatalytic activity than TiO2 synthesized for degradation of Rhodamine B in aqueous solution under solar light irradiation.

APPLICATION OF CHITOSAN FROM Peneaus monodon AS COAGULANT OF Pb(II) IN WASTE WATER FROM TOLANGOHULA SUGAR FACTORY KABUPATEN GORONTALO Astin Lukum; Fajriyanto Djafar
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 12, No 3 (2012)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

The aim of this research is to remove Pb(II) from waste water of Tolangohula sugar factory, Gorontalo. In this study, coagulation technique was developed using chitosan as coagulant. Chitosan was obtained from Peneaus monodon shell. The effect of coagulant mass was studied by varying the mass of chitosan: 0, 2.5, 5, 7.5 and 10 g. In addition, effect of pH was also examined by varying the pH of solution: 2, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10. The results showed that the utilization of 10 g chitosan gave the optimal Pb(II) removal of 72.36% or 22.28 x 10-6 mg/g. Additionally, Pb(II) removal was optimum (83%) or 25.44 x 10-6 mg/g at pH 9. It could be concluded that chitosan coagulant had the ability to adsorb the Pb(II) in the waste water from Tolangohula sugar factory Kabupaten Gorontalo.

EFFECT OF GLYCEROL SEPARATION ON PALM OIL TRANSESTERIFICATION Budy Rahmat; Imas Siti Setiasih; Roni Kastaman
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 12, No 3 (2012)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

This research was aimed to study the effect of glycerol separation on palm oil transesterification. Objectives of this study were to suppress the use of excess methanol and shorten the processing time. This research consisted of: design-build reactor, the effect of the glycerol separation on the transesterification reaction, characterization of biodiesel, and mass balance analysis. The reactor was designed by integrating circulate stirrer pump, static mixer, and sprayer that will bring out the intense reaction in the outer tank reactor. The experiment in this research was the treatment of decreasing the quantity of methanol to 5:1 molar ratio and reducing of processing time to 20 min, which was arranged in a completely randomized factorial design. The result showed that, (i) the stirring system was effectively worked outside the reactor tank, and in its reactor tank occurred glycerol separation during the process; (ii) the rate of glycerol during the process followed the inverse regression equation of Ŷ = 66.44-351.17 X-1; (iii) the decrease in the level of methanol to 5:1 molar ratio and the reduction of processing time to 20 min in this engineering did not influence the biodiesel yield and quality that met the SNI 04-7182-2006 standard.

ADSORPTION OF Mg(II) AND Ca(II) ON DISULFONATO-SILICA HYBRID Choiril Azmiyawati; Nuryono Nuryono; Narsito Narsito
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 12, No 3 (2012)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Adsorption of Mg(II) and Ca(II) on disulfonato-silica hybrid (DSSH) in the aqueous solution has been studied. The hybrid was synthesized by sol-gel process with sodium silicate solution from rice hull ash, chloroprophyltrimethoxysilane (CTS) and 4-amino-5-hydroxy-naphtalene-2,7-disulfonic acid monosodium salt (ANSNa) as silica source, cross linker and active group, respectively. Sodium silicate solution was reacted with CTS and ANSNa that were added dropwise. Adsorption of magnesium and calcium ions on DSSH was carried out in a batch system. Solution pH significantly affected magnesium and calcium adsorption and the optimum condition was obtained at pH = 6. The synthesized DSSH showed a high adsorption capacity of 0.0844 mmol/g and 0.1442 mmol/g for Mg(II) and Ca(II), respectively. The adsorption isotherm obtained with Langmuir isotherm model gives the negative values of ΔG°, i.e. -23.334 kJ/mol and -22.757 kJ/mol for Mg(II) and Ca(II), respectively, indicating the spontaneous process of adsorption. Kinetic studies showed that the adsorption of Mg(II) and Ca(II) ions onto HDSS follows the pseudo-second-order kinetics.

KINETICS OF THE OXIDATION OF VITAMIN C Sitti Rahmawati; Bunbun Bundjali
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 12, No 3 (2012)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Vitamin C or ascorbic acid is needed by the human body but it is already damaged by the rise in temperature due to be oxidized to L-dehydroascorbic acid. This research aims to determine the kinetics of oxidation of ascorbic acid due to an increase if temperature (40-80 °C) and to design an ascorbic acid oxidation reaction laboratory module to be applied in the senior high school reaction kinetics curriculum. The determination of the kinetics of the oxidation of ascorbic acid applies the integral and half-change time methods, while the concentration of the remained ascorbic acid in sixty minute intervals is determined by iodimetric titration method. Decomposition of ascorbic acid was measured at 40, 50, 60, 70 and 80 °C. The results of this research indicate that at 40, 50, 60, 70 and 80 °C the kinetics of the oxidation of ascorbic acid is a first-order reaction with rate constants of 4.55 x 10-4, 5.85 x 10-4, 8.4 x 10-4, 1.1 x 10-3 and 1.015 x 10-3 min-1, respectively. Pre-exponential factor or the frequency of collisions is a factor which is a measure of the collision rate. The activation energy and the pre-exponential factor for the oxidation of ascorbic acid were found to be 20.73 kJ.mol-1 and 1.372 min-1. The procedure used in this study was modified into a laboratory module will be applied in the teaching of reaction kinetics at the senior high school level.

IN VITRO INHIBITION OF CELERY (Apium graveolens L.) EXTRACT ON THE ACTIVITY OF XANTHINE OXIDASE AND DETERMINATION OF ITS ACTIVE COMPOUND Dyah Iswantini; Tuti Hayati Ramdhani; Latifah K Darusman
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 12, No 3 (2012)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

The objective of this study was to determine the inhibition effect of celery extracts toward xanthine oxidase by in vitro method, and its active compounds. Roots and herb of celery were extracted using water and ethanol solvents. Results indicated that the herbal ethanol extract had the highest inhibition effect (91.40%) at 1400 ppm. The components contained in the herbal ethanol extract were then separated by column chromatography using the best eluent (chloroform : ethyl acetate at 7:3). All of the fractions had inhibition effect greater than 50%. The fraction number 4 was the one with the highest inhibition effect followed by fraction 5 with inhibition percentage of both fractions at 200 ppm were 88.62 and 85.44%, respectively. The analysis of the ultraviolet spectrum of fraction 4 showed the presence of π-π* transition which was resulted by the aromatic C=C, -OH, and C-O chromophores, and also showing the n-σ* transition which was given by -C=O chromophore. The infrared spectrum analysis indicated the presence of aromatic -C=C, -OH, and C=O functional groups. Based on the phytochemical assay and both instrumental spectrums, it was thought that the active compounds of fraction 4 and 5 were in the flavonoid group.

VIRTUAL SEARCHING OF DUMMY TEMPLATE FOR SINENSETIN BASED ON 2D MOLECULAR SIMILARITY USING CHEMDB TOOL Iqmal Tahir; Mohd Noor Ahmad; AKM Shafiqul Islam; Dachyar Arbain
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 12, No 3 (2012)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Sinensetin-like molecules have been searched virtually to find a dummy template for Molecular Imprinted Polymer (MIP) synthesis. The aim of this study is to find a novel adsorbent for Solid Phase Extraction (SPE) of sinensetin based on tailored method using dummy template. Virtual searching was done using ChemDB online chemical database containing 5 million commercially available chemicals. Sinensetin as target was converted into SMILES code then it was run with threshold of molecular similarity score of 0.5. There were 90 chemical structures given as the output mainly flavone analogue, three flavonols and several non-flavonoid compounds. The suggested results are three dummy templates that derived from luteolin (flavon) or quercetin (flavonol) with slight alteration by methoxylation process.

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