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Indonesian Journal of Chemistry

ijc
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Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

ISSN : 14119420 EISSN : 24601578 DOI : -

Core Subject : Science, Engineering,

Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry

Indonesian Journal of Chemistry is an International, peer-reviewed, open access journal that publishes original research articles, review articles, as well as short communication in all areas of chemistry including applied chemistry. The journal is accredited by The Ministry of Research, Technology and Higher Education (RISTEKDIKTI) No : 21/E/KPT/2018 (in First Rank) and indexed in Scopus since 2012. Since 2018 (Volume 18), Indonesian Journal of Chemistry publish four issues (numbers) annually (February, May, August and November).

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Articles 25 Documents

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Search results for , issue "Vol 18, No 2 (2018)" : 25 Documents clear

Transport Properties, Mechanical Behavior, Thermal and Chemical Resistance of Asymmetric Flat Sheet Membrane Prepared from PSf/PVDF Blended Membrane on Gauze Supporting Layer Nita Kusumawati; Pirim Setiarso; Maria Monica Sianita; Supari Muslim
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 18, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Asymmetric polysulfone (PSf) membrane is prepared using phase inversion method and blending with polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) on the gauze solid support. Casting solution composition optimization has been done to get PSf/PVDF membrane with best characteristics and permeability. The result shows that blending on PSf with PVDF polymer using phase inversion method has been very helpful in creating an asymmetric porous membrane. Increased level of PVDF in casting solution has increased the formation of asymmetry structure and corresponding flux membrane. The result from thermal test using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC)-Thermal Gravimetric Analysis (TGA) shows the resistance of the membrane to temperature 460 °C. Membrane resistance against acid looks from undetectable changes on infrared spectra after immersion process in H2SO4 6–98 v/v%. While membrane color changes from white to brownish and black is detected after the immersion process in sodium hydroxide (NaOH) 0.15–80 w/v%.

QMCF-MD Simulation and NBO Analysis of K(I) Ion in Liquid Ammonia Yuniawan Hidayat; Ria Armunanto; Harno Dwi Pranowo
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 18, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Ab initio of Quantum Mechanics Charge Field Molecular Dynamic (QMCF-MD) of K(I) ion in liquid ammonia has been studied. A Hartree-Fock level of theory was coupled with LANL2DZ ECP basis set for K(I) ion and DZP (Dunning) for ammonia. Two regions as first and second solvation shell were observed. In the first solvation shell at distance 3.7 (Å), K(I) ion was coordinated by four to eight ammonia molecules dominated by K(NH3)6+ species. Second shell of solvation was ranging between 3.7 Å to 7.3 Å. Within simulation time of 20 ps, the frequent exchange processes of ligands indicating for a very labile solvation structure. Four mechanism types of ligand exchange between first and second solvation shell were observed. Mean residence time of ligand is less than 2 ps confirming weak in ion-ligand interaction. Evaluation of K(NH3)6+ using natural bond orbital analysis shows that the Wiberg bond Index is less than 0.05 indicating weak electrostatic interaction of K-N.

Incorporation of Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) for The Improved Properties of Hydrothermal Derived Calcium Phosphate Cements Nurul Nabilah Razali; Iis Sopyan
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 18, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Calcium phosphate cement (CPC) has been synthesized via a straightforward hydrothermal route. Calcium oxide and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate were used as calcium and phosphate precursors. The precursors were refluxed in distilled water at 90–100 °C and dried overnight until the calcium phosphate powder was formed. CPC was then produced by mixing the powder and distilled water at the powder-to-liquid (P/L) ratio of 1.5. Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) of 1 to 7% (w/w) was added and its effect on physical properties was investigated. It was proved that PVA addition up to 7% (w/w) has shortened the setting time but decreased the injectability. The PVA free CPC has the initial and final setting times of 71 and 187 min, respectively and the injectability of 99.92%. The compressive strength also increased with the amount of PVA added in CPC. In addition, soaking CPC in Ringer's solution for 7, 14 and 21 days also gave remarkable effects on cohesion, microstructure and mechanical properties of the cement.

Removal Efficiency of Nitrite and Sulfide Pollutants by Electrochemical Process by Using Ti/RuIrO2 Anode Aris Mukimin; Agus Purwanto
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 18, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

In general, wastewater treatment by physical, chemical and biological methods are only focused on TSS, BOD and COD removals that the effluent still contains anion pollutant as NO2- and S2-. Electrochemical technology is a proper method for those pollutants treatment due to its fast process, easy operation and minimum amount of sludge. Electrocatalytic reactor with 8 L capacity using Ti/RuIrO2 cylinder as anode and Fe plate as cathode was arranged and applied to treat anion pollutants. Hydraulic retention time (30, 60, 90 and 120 min), salt concentration (250, 500 and 750 mg/L) and voltage (4, 5, and 6 V) were chosen as operation variables and NO2- and S2- concentrations as parameter indicators. Nitrite removal efficiency reached 75 and 99.7% after 60 and 120 min of electrolysis, respectively, while sulfide could obtain higher efficiency, i.e., 97 and 99.9% after 60 and 90 min, respectively, at operation variables of potential of 5 V and salt of 500 mg/L. Removal process is dominated by indirect oxidation mechanism by HClO/ClO- oxidators generated at anode surface as intermediate products. The lifespan of electrode and electric consumption are two main factors of operation cost. Electric consumed was 0.452 kWh per 1 g nitrite removed.

Desorption and Re-Adsorption of Procion Red MX-5B Dye on Alumina-Activated Carbon Composite Fatma Fatma; Poedji Loekitowati Hariani; Fahma Riyanti; Wiwin Sepriani
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 18, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

The alumina-activated carbon has the ability to adsorb and desorb the procion red MX-5B. The research evaluated the influence of desorption agent, contact time, and temperature on desorption process of procion red MX-5B dye with alumina-activated carbon composite and the adsorption capacity of the composite after desorption process. The desorption agents used in desorption process were solution with pH 2−10, H2O2 30 % (v/v), methanol 70% (v/v) and ethanol 70% (v/v). The variation of contact time was in the range from 30 to 270 min and the temperature was set between 30−75 °C. The result concluded that the highest desorption efficiency up to 98.56% was achieved using ethanol 70% (v/v) for 240 min at 45 °C. The desorption kinetic followed the pseudo-first-order with the release constant (kdes) of 6.56 × 10-2 min-1. The SEM micrograph showed there is a more porous surface on the composite after the desorption compared to before the desorption. The EDX analysis indicated that alumina content in the composite was reduced after desorption process. FTIR spectra of the composite before and after desorption process showed a peak of Al−O at 592 and 590 cm-1 which was proved that alumina still exists in the composite after the desorption process. The alumina-activated carbon composite was re-used to adsorb procion red MX-5B dye. After three times of desorption and re-adsorption process, the capacity adsorption was decreased from 12.38 to 7.38 mg/g.

Extraction of Alumina from Red Mud for Synthesis of Mesoporous Alumina by Adding CTABr as Mesoporous Directing Agent Eka Putra Ramdhani; Tri Wahyuni; Yatim Lailun Ni’mah; Suprapto Suprapto; Didik Prasetyoko
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 18, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Mines in Bintan were producing bauxite for many years. The production process of bauxite to alumina produced much red mud. From X-ray Fluorescence (XRF), alumina content on Bintan’s red mud was 28.87 wt.%. This research was studying on the extraction alumina from red mud with reduction of hematite (Fe2O3) and desilication processes. After extraction process alumina was collected about 52.89 wt.%. Synthesis of mesoporous alumina from red mud using sol-gel method at the room temperature for 72 h with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTABr) as mesoporous directing agent. The CTABr/Al-salt ratio, i.e. 1.57; 4.71 and 7.85 with the sample code of AMC-1, AMC-3, AMC-5, respectively. The product was calcined at 550 °C for 6 h. The synthesized materials were characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and N2 adsorption-desorption techniques. XRD pattern of AMC-1, AMC-3, and AMC-5 showed that all synthesized materials have amorphous phase. The morphology were wormhole aggregate that were showed by SEM and TEM characterization. N2 adsorption-desorption characterization showed the distribution of pore size of about 3.2 nm. The highest surface area and pore volume were obtained in solid-solid ratio CTABr/GM-AL by 1.57 (AMC-1) i.e. 241 m2/g and 0.107 cm3/g, respectively.

Water Molecular Adsorption on the Low-Index Pt Surface: A Density Functional Study Wahyu Tri Cahyanto; Aris Haryadi; Sunardi Sunardi; Abdul Basit; Yulin Elina
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 18, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

We report the different way to explain the nature of water molecule (H2O) adsorption on the platinum (Pt) surfaces with low Miller index, i.e., (100), (110) and (111). Here, we perform periodic density functional theory (DFT) calculations to analyze the correlation between water-surface bonding strength and the observed charge transfer occurring in the systems. The results show that Pt-H2O interaction strength at the most stable adsorption sites, i.e., the atop site for each surfaces, follows the order of H2O/Pt(110) > H2O/Pt(100) > H2O/Pt(111). This order has the same pattern with the order of observed charge transfer contributed to the bonding formation. The differences in adsorption geometrical structures in these three surfaces are suggested to responsible for the order of bond strength since Coulomb interaction plays dominant roles in our electrostatic model. Furthermore, H2O-Pt interaction mechanism, which occurs through water 3a1 orbital releasing electron density (charge) followed by Pt-O bonding formation, is clarified.

Cadmium(II) Removal from Aqueous Solution Using Microporous Eggshell: Kinetic and Equilibrium Studies Behzad Shamsi Zadeh; Hossein Esmaeili; Rauf Foroutan
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 18, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Heavy metals are soluble in the environment and can be dangerous for many species. So, removal of heavy metals from the water and wastewater is an important process. In this study, an adsorbent made of eggshell powder was employed to remove cadmium ions from aqueous solution. A number of parameters were studied including pH of the aqueous solution, adsorbent dosage, contact time, the initial concentration of cadmium ion and mixing rate. The best efficiency for the removal of Cd(II) was obtained 96% using this adsorbent. The optimal parameters were ambient temperature of 30 °C, mixing rate of 200 rpm, pH of 9, an adsorbent dosage of 5 g/L and initial concentration of cadmium was 200 ppm. In order to study the kinetics of adsorbent, the pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic models and intra-particle diffusion model were applied. According to the pre-determined correlation coefficients (R2), the pseudo-second-order kinetic model showed a better correlation between the kinetic behaviors of the adsorbent. Furthermore, to study the equilibrium behavior of adsorbent, Langmuir and Freundlich models used and both models showed high efficiency in isotherm behavior of the adsorbent. So, this adsorbent can be used as a natural and cheap adsorbent.

Removal of Heavy Metals from Leachate Using Electro-Assisted Phytoremediation (EAPR) and Up-Take by Water Hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes) Rudy Syah Putra; Febby Yulia Hastika
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 18, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

The garbage disposal management using landfill system produces an unpleasant odor of wastewater (i.e. leachate) which can disrupt the groundwater equilibrium in the rainy season. The combination of electro-assisted and phytoremediation which is hereinafter referred as Electro-Assisted Phytoremediation (EAPR) for removal of heavy metals from leachate has been demonstrated in a laboratory-scale experiment. A batch reactor setting was used to evaluate the potential removal and uptake of heavy metals (Fe, Cu, Cd, and Pb) concentration by water hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes) in the aquatic environment. An EAPR system was carried out for 11 d using constant voltage of 2 V. The results showed that the heavy metals concentration in the leachate decreased significantly for Cu, Fe, Cd and Pb metals from their initial concentration. The EAPR process could reduce as much as 77.8, 22, 31.6 and 30.0%, respectively for Fe, Cu, Cd, and Pb. Decreasing of heavy metals was followed by decreasing of TDS, electrical conductivity but increased DO concentration. Chlorophyll content in a treated plant with EAPR system showed that the water hyacinth could cope with the stress condition meanwhile accumulated high heavy metal concentration from the leachate.

Characterization and Photocatalytic Activity of TiO2(rod)-SiO2-Polyaniline Nanocomposite Sri Wahyuni; Eko Sri Kunarti; Respati Tri Swasono; Indriana Kartini
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 18, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

A study of TiO2(rod)-SiO2 composites coated with polyaniline (PANI) has been performed. PANI was synthesized through in-situ polymerization of aniline at various concentration (0.0137, 0.0274, and 0.0411 M) on the composite under acidic condition. PANI was confirmed by the appearance of C=N, C=C vibrations and the redshift of the band-gap from 3.14 eV for the TiO2(rod)-SiO2 into 3.0 eV for the TSP01 composite. It is also shown that the polymerization does not change the crystal structure of TiO2(rod)-SiO2 as confirmed by the XRD pattern. The TEM image shows a mixed structure of SiO2 coated by TiO2(rod)-PANI layers and the oxides coated by PANI layers. Therefore, the surface area of the resulted TiO2(rod) and the composites did not change significantly. The T TiO2(rod)-SiO2-PANI composite give small improvement under visible irradiation from 20.25 to 25.59% (around 5% from the bulk of TiO2(rod)) and from 25.03 to 25.59% (around 2% from TiO2(rod)-SiO2 composite). The mixed structure of the composites, as well as the formation of excessive layers of PANI, are possibly the case for the low photoactivity. Further improvement to obtain a core-shell structure with a thin layer of PANI is still sought.

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