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Indonesian Journal of Chemistry

ijc
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Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

ISSN : 14119420 EISSN : 24601578 DOI : -

Core Subject : Science, Engineering,

Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry

Indonesian Journal of Chemistry is an International, peer-reviewed, open access journal that publishes original research articles, review articles, as well as short communication in all areas of chemistry including applied chemistry. The journal is accredited by The Ministry of Research, Technology and Higher Education (RISTEKDIKTI) No : 21/E/KPT/2018 (in First Rank) and indexed in Scopus since 2012. Since 2018 (Volume 18), Indonesian Journal of Chemistry publish four issues (numbers) annually (February, May, August and November).

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Articles 30 Documents

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Search results for , issue "Vol 19, No 2 (2019)" : 30 Documents clear

Effect of Molar Ratio on Structural and Size of ZnO/C Nanocomposite Synthesized Using a Colloidal Method at Low Temperature Siham Lhimr; Saidati Bouhlassa; Bouchaib Ammary
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 19, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

In this paper we study the effects of different molar ratio R of Zn2+ to OH– (R= nOH–/nZn(II) of the precursor was investigated by varying the amount of NaOH. Samples have been synthesized by the colloidal method at room temperature using (ZnCl2), citric acid (C6H8O9·H2O) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH). The formation of ZnO/C composite was characterized by The X-ray diffraction patterns indicated a high crystallinity and nanocrystalline size of ZnO with hexagonal wurtzite structure. The morphologies of the particles have been studied with a scanning electronic microscopy (SEM). The existence of carbon into the composite was detected by FTIR and EDS. The optical band gap of various ZnO/C composite was calculated from UV-Visible absorption measurement varied in the range 3.301 to 3.282 eV according to R values.

Analytical Approach of Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy to Detect Elemental Profile of Medicinal Plants Leaves Abdul Jabbar; Mahmood Akhtar; Shaukat Mehmood; Koo Hendrick Kurniawan; Rinda Hedwig; Muhammad Aslam Baig
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 19, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Laser ablation chemical and spectroscopic studies of Calotropis procera, Chenopodium ambrosioides, and Nerium indicum leaves was performed using 1064 nm Nd: YAG laser in air at different pressure and time delay. These medicinal plant’s leaves are used by local people for different diseases. The knowledge of medicinal and toxic metals in these plants is very important. We have presented time-resolved studies of different elements and how their lives change with different delay time. C, H, Si, Al, Fe, Cu, Ca, Mg, Na, K, N, O, Sr and Ba have been detected in all the three samples with a molecular form of Carbon and Nitrogen band. We have detected C, H, N, and O as a major element while, Fe, Cu, Mg, K and Ca as essential medicinal metals with other trace elements such as Si, Sr, Al and Ba in all the three plants leaves. We present 1 µs delay time is the best time for elements lifetime in time resolved studies. The behaviour of intensity with different pressures was also studied and it was concluded that 7 torr was the best pressure for the maximum value of intensity. In particular, the electron density and the temperatures of the plasma were reported. The temperature was calculated from the well-known Boltzmann plot method and electron density was estimated from the stark broadened profile of the Hα line.

Synthesis of Iron-Doped Zirconium Titanate as a Potential Visible-Light Responsive Photocatalyst Rian Kurniawan; Sri Sudiono; Wega Trisunaryanti; Akhmad Syoufian
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 19, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Synthesis and properties of iron-doped zirconium titanate (ZrTiO4) as a potential visible-light-responsive photocatalyst had been conducted. Various iron dopant concentration and calcination temperature were investigated toward the properties of Fe-doped ZrTiO4. The photocatalyst material was synthesized by sol-gel and impregnation method. Titanium tetraisopropoxide (TTIP) was used as a precursor, embedded on zirconia fine powder. A certain amount of iron (1, 3, 5, 7 and 9 wt.%) was introduced into the photocatalyst system from iron(II) sulfate heptahydrate (FeSO4·7H2O). Photocatalyst with various iron concentration calcined at 500 °C. ZrTiO4 with 5% iron additionally was calcined at 700 and 900 °C. Characterization was performed by using XRD, FT-IR, SR-UV, and SEM-EDX. The presence of iron on the surface of ZrTiO4 was proved by EDX analysis. Fe-doped ZrTiO4 with the lowest bandgap (2.83 eV) is 7% of iron content after calcination at 500 °C.

Hydrogen Bond Stability of Quinazoline Derivatives Compounds in Complex against EGFR using Molecular Dynamics Simulation Herlina Rasyid; Bambang Purwono; Thomas S Hofer; Harno Dwi Pranowo
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 19, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Lung cancer was a second common cancer case due to the high cigarette smoking activity both in men and women. One of protein receptor which plays an important role in the growth of the tumor is Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR). EGFR protein is the most frequent protein mutation in cancer and promising target to inhibit the cancer growth. In this work, the stability of the hydrogen bond as the main interaction in the inhibition mechanism of cancer will be evaluated using molecular dynamics simulation. There were two compounds (A1 and A2) as new potential inhibitors that were complexed against the EGFR protein. The dynamic properties of each complexed were compared with respect to erlotinib against EGFR. The result revealed that both compounds had an interaction in the main catalytic area of protein receptor which is at methionine residue. Inhibitor A1 showed additional interactions during simulation time but the interactions tend to be weak. Inhibitor A2 displayed a more stable interaction. Following dynamics simulation, binding free energy calculation was performed by two scoring techniques MM/GB(PB)SA method and gave a good correlation with the stability of the complex. Furthermore, potential inhibitor A2 had a lower binding free energy as a direct consequence of the stability of hydrogen bond interaction.

Yield Optimization and Supercritical CO2 Extraction of Essential Oil from Jasmine Flower Hesham Hussein Rassem; Abdurahman Hamid Nour; Rosli Mohammad Yunus; Yasmeen Hafiz Zaki; Hybat Salih Mohamed Abdlrhman
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 19, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) is an innovation that permits extraction of an extensive variety of different chemical composition from the plant grids. Extraction of essential oil from Jasmine flower was tentatively carried out using the supercritical CO2 technique. The effect of extraction parameters which include pressure (100–300 bar) and temperature (300–350 K) on the oil recovery was explored. The extraction process was optimized using the response surface methodology (RSM). At the SFE optimal conditions, the chemical compositions of the extracted oil were examined using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. The obtained result reflected that the optimal yield of oil from Jasmine flower was 12.18% mg oil extracted/100 g dry flower, which was achieved through an SFE optimal conditions of pressure at 200 bar and extraction temperature at 325 K. A total number of six chemical compounds were tentatively identified in the Jasmine flower extracted oil at the optimal SFE conditions.

A Fixed-Bed Column Study for Removal of Organic Dyes from Aqueous Solution by Pre-Treated Durian Peel Waste Nguyen Thi Thuong; Nguyen Thi Tuyet Nhi; Vo Thi Cam Nhung; Hoang Ngoc Bich; Bui Thi Phuong Quynh; Long Giang Bach; Nguyen Duy Trinh
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 19, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

A number of harmful effects on the ecosystem, the life of humankind, and living species caused by dye-contaminated wastewater have urged the development for an efficient and cost-efficient treatment method for colored effluents. The cellulose-based adsorbents have been considered as a facile and efficient approach to remove hazardous pollutants because of the abundance of inexpensive agricultural wastes in Viet Nam. This study aims to investigate the elimination of methylene blue (MB) and crystal violet (VL) from wastewater using a fixed-bed column of pre-treated durian peel. Examined variables in the process are bed depths (2–6 cm), flow rate (5–20 mL/min), and influent dye concentrations (200–600 mg/L). The highest adsorption amount of pre-treated DP was 235.80 mg/g and 527.64 mg/g, respectively, on a 600 mg/L of methylene blue and crystal violet achieved within a bed height of 4 cm and a flow rate of 10 mL/min. Accordingly, the breakthrough curves were constructed and modeled using the relevant theoretical models under the effects of different experimental conditions. Pre-treated durian peel was found to exhibit high adsorption capacity for cationic dye in an initial concentration of 200–600 mg/L with complete removal being obtained.

Synergistic Effect of Two Type Cellulase Immobilized on Chitosan Microparticle as Biocatalyst for Coconut Husk Hydrolysis Afan Hamzah; Lidya Lorenta Sitompul; Irma Nurhanifah Fenda Putri; Soeprijanto Soeprijanto; Arief Widjaja
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 19, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

The effectivity of employing two types of cellulases from Aspergillus niger and Trichoderma resei covalently immobilized on chitosan microparticle was investigated. Reducing sugar from CMC yielded by immobilized cellulase from T. resei alone and A. niger alone was 0.316 g/L and 0.244 g/L, respectively. Simultaneous use of both cellulases shows a significant increase of reducing sugar produced to 1.020 g/L. The effective combination of this two types of cellulases also occurred when coconut husk was used as substrate. A very high enzyme coupling of 92.06% compared to free enzyme was obtained in the immobilization. Addition of GDA not only increased enzyme coupling to 100% but also improved sugar produced. Immobilized cellulase was successfully maintained its activity until 5 cycles

Comparative Evaluation of Protease Extraction from Leaves of Syzygium polyanthum Noorhafiza Yahya; Zatul Iffah Mohd Arshad; Siti Kholijah Abdul Mudalip; Siti Zubaidah Sulaiman; Rohaida Che Man; Shalyda Md Shaarani; Mohd Hairul Ab. Rahim
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 19, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

In this study, the comparison of four extraction methods for protease from the leaves of Syzygium polyanthum was evaluated. The methods include sodium phosphate buffer, 1-methyl-8-oxyquinolinium betaine (QB) solvent based extraction, hydrogen-bond acceptor (HBA) solvent based extraction and Trichloroacetic-acetone (TCA) precipitation. The effectiveness of these extraction methods was measured based on the specific activity demonstrated by the crude protease extracted in this experiment. The results indicated that QB solvent-based extraction method could extract the crude protease from the leaves of S. polyanthum with the highest specific activity of 10.204 ± 0.329 U/mg compared to other extraction methods.

Screening of Microwave-Assisted-Batch Extraction Parameters for Recovering Total Phenolic and Flavonoid Contents from Chromolaena odorata Leaves through Two-Level Factorial Design Oluwaseun Ruth Alara; Abdurahman Hamid Nour; Siti Kholijah binti Abdul Mudalip
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 19, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) of phenolic compounds from Chromolaena odorata leaves was investigated using one-factor-at-a-time (OFAT) and two-level factorial design. The MAE parameters studied were irradiation time (A: 1–5 min); microwave power level (B: 400-800 W); extraction temperature (C: 60–80 °C); solvent/feed ratio (D: 8:1–14:1 mL/g); and ethanol concentration (E: 20–60% v/v). The optima yields of TPC and TFC were 56.13 mg GAE/g d.w. and 44.78 mg QE/g d.w., respectively were achieved from MAE of C. odorata leaf at irradiation time of 2 min, microwave power of 600 W, temperature of 60 °C, solvent:feed ratio of 10:1 mL/g, and ethanol concentration of 40% v/v through one-factor-at-time (OFAT) experimental trials. The results obtained from a two-level factorial design experiments reflected that only ethanol concentration (20–60% v/v), irradiation time (1–5 min) and microwave power level (400–800 W) had significant effects on the yields of total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) from C. odorata leaves (p < 0.05). However, temperature and solvent/feed ratio was not significant. In addition, the interactions AB (irradiation time and microwave power) and AE (irradiation time and ethanol concentration) contributed greatly to the recovery yields.

Physicochemical and Microbiological Analysis of Stingless Bees Honey Collected from Local Market in Malaysia Wan Nadja Julika; Azilah Ajit; Ahmad Ziad Sulaiman; Aishath Naila
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 19, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

The growing demand for honey in the market has led to the occurrence of the tampering honey with foreign substances and increases the production of artificial honey. Due to this concern, this study works on the physicochemical and microbial characterization of stingless bee honey. The physicochemical analysis showed that the honey possessed pH (2.51–3.26), free acidity (121.1 to 318.7 meq/kg), moisture (19.4–30.9%), electrical conductivity (0.33–0.69 mS/cm), ash content (2.75–4.31 g/100g), Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) content (35.4 to 461.7 mg/kg) and diastase activity (2.71 to 6.11 DN). Also, sugar profile of honey showed that the honey contained fructose (15.03–32.52 g/100g), glucose (12.17–34.55 g/100g) and sucrose (0.01–7.29 g/100g). The harvested honey, H1, and H2 have the highest potential to become an antibacterial agent to treat disease compared to commercial honey samples because they were active against Gram-negative bacteria. All analyzed samples were within the maximum limit of the quality criteria set by the Malaysian Kelulut Standard and Codex Alimentarius except for free acidity, HMF, and Diastase Number. All the data obtained is vital in order to create a specific statute for stingless bees honey in Malaysia that may help to protect the consumer from purchasing adulterated honey.

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