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Indonesian Journal of Chemistry

ijc
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Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

ISSN : 14119420 EISSN : 24601578 DOI : -

Core Subject : Science, Engineering,

Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry

Indonesian Journal of Chemistry is an International, peer-reviewed, open access journal that publishes original research articles, review articles, as well as short communication in all areas of chemistry including applied chemistry. The journal is accredited by The Ministry of Research, Technology and Higher Education (RISTEKDIKTI) No : 21/E/KPT/2018 (in First Rank) and indexed in Scopus since 2012. Since 2018 (Volume 18), Indonesian Journal of Chemistry publish four issues (numbers) annually (February, May, August and November).

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Articles 1,981 Documents

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Influence of Operational Parameters on the Photocatalytic Activity of Powdered TiO2 for the Reduction of CO2 Oman Zuas; Jin Seog Kim; Jarnuzi Gunlazuardi
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 14, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

In this report, the results from a study on the influence of operational parameters on TiO2 photocatalytic activity for CO2 reduction under an ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) illumination are presented. The results indicated that the TiO2 was found to be active for CO2 reduction with CH3OH as the major products, while other minor products (CO, CH4, and C2H4) were also detected. In addition, the formation of such reduction products was obviously influenced by the operational parameters. Under this study, the optimum operational parameters for CO2 reduction at 298 °K were determined to be: NaOH concentration 0.2 M, TiO2 dosage 2 g/L, volume of the reaction media 75 mL, the pressure of system 800 kPa. It was also found that the increase in UV-vis illumination time have increased the yield of product formation. A possible reaction pathway for the formation of the reduction products is also discussed.

NEW PYRAN OF AN ENDOPHYTIC FUNGUS Fusarium sp. ISOLATED FROM THE LEAVES OF BROTOWALI (Tinaspora crispa) Elfita Elfita; Munawar Munawar; Muharni Muharni; Suprayetno Suprayetno
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 13, No 3 (2013)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Endophytes are microorganisms that reside asymptomatically in the tissues of higher plants and are relatively unstudied and a promising source of novel organic natural metabolites exhibiting a variety of biological activities. As a part of our systematic search for new bioactive lead structures from endophytic, the endophytic fungus Fusarium sp. isolated from the leaves of Brotowali (Tinaspora crispa), was cultured for isolation of metabolite. The endophytic fungus was cultivated on 6 L of Potatos Dextose Broth (PDB) medium at room temperature (no shaking) for 8 weeks. The cultures were then extracted with ethyl acetate to afford 9.4 g of residue after removal of the solvent under reduced pressure. The extract was separated into the fractions by column chromatography (CC) on silica gel. The fractions were further separated by silica gel column chromatography to give one compound. The molecular structure was established on the basis of spectroscopic analysis including UV, IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, HMQC, HMBC, COSY, and MS. The compound was determined as a new pyran.

FIRST-ORDER ULTRAVIOLET DERIVATIVE SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC METHODS FOR DETERMINATION OF RESERPINE IN ANTIHYPERTENSION TABLET Latifah K Darusman; Mohamad Rafi; Wulan Tri Wahyuni; Rizna Azrianiningsari
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 12, No 3 (2012)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

A new ultraviolet derivative spectrophotometry (UVDS) method has been developed for determination of reserpine in antihypertension tablets. A first-order UVDS based on the measurement of the distance between peaks to baseline (DZ) at the wavelength of 312 nm was used. Evaluation of analytical performance showed that accuracy as percentage recovery was 99.18-101.13%, precision expressed as relative standard deviation (RSD) was 1.91% and linear correlation was also obtained 0.9998 in the range of 10-50 µg/mL. Estimation of limit of detection and limit of quantitation was 0.8868 µg/mL and 2.6874 µg/mL, respectively. As a reference method, HPLC methods from United States Pharmacopiea (USP) were used. Commercially tablets available were analyzed by the two methods. The content of reserpine in tablets was found 0.2260±0.0033 mg by UVDS and 0.2301±0.0051 mg by the USP methods. The result obtained from the two methods was compared statistically using F-test and t-test and showed no significant differences between the variance and mean values of the two methods at 95% confidence level. This method was faster, easier, low cost and gave result as well as the reference method published by USP.

Structure and Dynamics of Zr4+ in Aqueous Solution: An Ab Initio QM/MM Molecular Dynamics Study Suwardi Suwardi; Harno Dwi Pranowo; Ria Armunanto
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 15, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

A QM/MM molecular dynamics (MD) simulation has been carried out using three-body corrected pair potential to investigate the structural and dynamical properties of Zr4+ in dilute aqueous solution. Structural data in the form of radial distribution function, coordination number distribution, and angular distribution function were obtained. The results indicate eight water molecules coordinate to zirconium ion and have two angles of O-Zr4+-O, i.e. 72.0° and 140.0° with a Zr4+-O distance of 2.34 Å. According to these results, the hydration structure of Zr4+ ion in water was more or less well-defined square antiprismatic geometry. The dynamical properties have been characterized by the ligand’s mean residence time (MRT) and Zr4+-O stretching frequencies. The inclusion of the three-body correction was important for the description of the hydrated Zr4+ ion, and the results indicated in good agreement with experimental values.

Retrospective Validation of a Structure-Based Virtual Screening Protocol to Identify Ligands for Estrogen Receptor Alpha and Its Application to Identify the Alpha-Mangostin Binding Pose Agustina Setiawati; Florentinus Dika Octa Riswanto; Sri Hartati Yuliani; Enade Perdana Istyastono
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 14, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

The publicly available enhanced data of ligands and decoys for estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) which were recently published has made the retrospective validation of a structure-based virtual screening (SBVS) protocol to identify ligands for ERα possible. In this article, we present the retrospective validation of an SBVS protocol using PLANTS molecular docking software version 1.2 (PLANTS1.2) as the backbone software. The protocol shows better enrichment factor at 1% false positives (EF1%) value and the Area Under Curve (AUC) value of the Receiver Operator Characteristic (ROC) compared to the original published protocol. Moreover, in all 1000 iterative attempts the protocol could reproduce the co-crystal pose of 4-hydroxitamoxifen in ERα binding pocket. It shows that the protocol is not only able to identify potent ligands for ERα but also able to be employed in examining binding pose of known ligand. Thence, the protocol was successfully employed to examine the binding poses of α-mangostin, an ERα ligand found in the Garcinia mangostana, L. pericarp.

CHARACTERISTIC OF AIRBORNE PARTICULATE MATTER SAMPLES COLLECTED FROM TWO SEMI INDUSTRIAL SITES IN BANDUNG, INDONESIA Diah Dwiana Lestiani; Muhayatun Santoso; Syukria Kurniawati; Andreas Markwitz
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 13, No 3 (2013)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Air particulate matter concentrations, black carbon as well as elemental concentrations in two semi industrial sites were investigated as a preliminary study for evaluation of air quality in these areas. Sampling of airborne particulate matter was conducted in July 2009 using a Gent stacked filter unit sampler and a total of 18 pairs of samples were collected. Black carbon was determined by reflectance measurement and elemental analysis was performed using particle induced X-ray emission (PIXE). Elements Na, Mg, Al, Si, P, S, Cl, K, Ca, Ti, Cr, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn and As were detected. Twenty four hour PM2.5 concentration at semi industrial sites Kiaracondong and Holis ranged from 4.0 to 22.2 µg m-3, while the PM10 concentration ranged from 24.5 to 77.1 µg m-3. High concentration of crustal elements, sulphur and zinc were identified in fine and coarse fractions for both sites. The fine fraction data from both sites were analyzed using a multivariate principal component analysis and for Kiaracondong site, identified factors are attributed to sea-salt with soil dust, vehicular emissions and biomass burning, non ferrous smelter, and iron/steel work industry, while for Holis site identified factors are attributed to soil dust, industrial emissions, vehicular emissions with biomass burning, and sea-salt. Although particulate samples were collected from semi industrial sites, vehicular emissions constituted with S, Zn and BC were identified in both sites.

Grafting of Chloroacetic Acid on EGDE Cross-Linked Chitosan to Enhance Stability and Adsorption Capacity For Pb(II) Ions Abu Masykur; Sri Juari Santosa; Dwi Siswanta; Jumina Jumina
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 14, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

The aims of this research is to synthesize a chitosan derivative insoluble in acidic aqueous medium and that has high adsorption capacity for Pb(II) ions by cross-linking and grafting. Cross-linking and grafting were done using ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether (EGDE) and chloroacetic acid, respectively. The modified chitosan was characterized using FTIR spectrophotometer, XRD and TG-DTA. Chitosan and Chit-EGDE-Acetate was applied as adsorbent of Pb(II) ions in a batch system. The concentration of Pb(II) in adsorption medium was quantified using AAS. The result showed that the adsorption was optimum at pH 5, contact time of 200 min for chitosan and 300 min for Chit-EGDE-Acetate. Adsorption of Pb(II) ions on both adsorbents followed pseudo second order kinetic equation. Adsorption of Pb(II) ions on chitosan followed Freundlich isotherm while that on Chit-EGDE-Acetate followed the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The adsorption capacity of Chit-EGDE-Acetate for Pb(II) ions was 200.0 mg L-1 while that for chitosan was 166.7 mg L-1. Interaction type of Pb(II) ions on adsorbent was determined by sequential desorption.

Synthesis of Silver-Chitosan Nanocomposites Colloidal by Glucose as Reducing Agent Endang Susilowati; Triyono Triyono; Sri Juari Santosa; Indriana Kartini
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 15, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Silver-chitosan nanocomposites colloidal was successfully performed by chemical reduction method at room temperature using glucose as reducing agent, sodium hydroxide (NaOH) as accelerator reagent, silver nitrate (AgNO3) as metal precursor and chitosan as stabilizing agent. Compared to other synthetic methods, this work is green and simple. The effect of the amount of NaOH, molar ratio of AgNO3 to glucose and AgNO3 concentration towards Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance (LSPR) absorption band of silver nanoparticles was investigated using UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The stability of the colloid was also studied for the first 16 weeks of storage at ambient temperature. The formation of silver nanoparticles was confirmed by the appearance of LSPR absorption peak at 402.4–414.5 nm. It is also shown that the absorption peak of LSPR were affected by NaOH amount, ratio molar AgNO3/glucose and concentration of AgNO3. The produced silver nanoparticles were spherical with dominant size range of 6 to 18 nm as shown by TEM images. All colloidals were stable without any aggregation for 16 weeks after preparation. The newly prepared silver-chitosan nanocomposites colloidal may have potential for antibacterial applications.

Reversible Second Order Kinetics of Sorption-Desorption of Cr(VI) Ion on Activated Carbon from Palm Empty Fruit Bunches Iip Izul Falah; Ruliatima Ruliatima; Triyono Triyono
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 15, No 3 (2015)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Activated carbon (AC) from palm empty fruit bunches has been prepared, and this material was then used to adsorb Cr(VI) from a solution. Characterization of the AC was conducted by detection of its functional groups, determination of total volatile compounds (VC) content and its iodine number. Study on sorption-desorption kinetics was conducted by comparing results of evaluations of several models with proposed reversible second order model using the data produced in this work. Results of the works showed that the AC had similar characters compared with the AC produced by previous researchers. Application of the kinetics models on sorption Cr(VI) onto the AC showed that nearly all of the models gave a good linearity. However, only the proposed model had a good relation with Langmuir isotherm, with respectively sorption (ks) and desorption (kd) constants were 5.75 x 10-4 L.mg‑1.min-1 and 2.20 x 10-3 min-1; maximum sorption capacity, qm = 20.00 mg.g-1; and equilibrium constant, K from kinetics experiment (0.261 L.mg-1) was comparable with the result from the isotherm experiment (0.269 L.mg-1). Hence, using this model, kinetics and Langmuir parameters can probably be determined from a single kinetics data experiment.

Synthesis and Heme Polymerization Inhibitory Activity (HPIA) Assay of Antiplasmodium of (1)-N-(3,4-Dimethoxybenzyl)-1,10-Phenanthrolinium Bromide from Vanillin Dhina Fitriastuti; Muhammad Idham Darussalam Mardjan; Jumina Jumina; Mustofa Mustofa
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 14, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

The synthesis of (1)-N-(3,4-dimethoxy-benzyl)-1,10-phenanthrolinium bromide had been conducted from vanillin. Heme polymerization inhibitory activity assay of the synthesized antiplasmodium has also been carried out. The first step of reaction was methylation of vanillin using dimethylsulfate and NaOH. The mixture was refluxed for 2 h to yield veratraldehyde in the form of light yellow solid (79% yield). Methylation product was reduced using sodium borohydride (NaBH4) with grinding method and yielded veratryl alcohol in the form of yellow liquid (98% yield). Veratryl alcohol was brominated using PBr3 to yield yellowish black liquid (85% yield). The final step was benzylation of 1,10-phenanthroline monohydrate with the synthesized veratryl bromide under reflux condition in acetone for 14 h to afford (1)-N-(3,4-dimethoxy-benzyl)-1,10-phenanthrolinium bromide (84%) as yellow solid with melting point of 166-177 °C. The structures of products were characterized by FT-IR, GC-MS and 1H-NMR spectrometers. The results of heme polymerization inhibitory activity assay of (1)-N-(3,4-dimethoxybenzyl)-1,10-phenanthrolinium bromide showed that it had IC50 HPIA of 3.63 mM, while chloroquine had IC50 of4.37 mM. These results indicated that (1)-N-(3,4-dimethoxybenzyl)-1,10-phenanthrolinium bromide was more potential antiplasmodium than chloroquine.

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