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INDONESIA
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 14119420     EISSN : 24601578     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry is an International, peer-reviewed, open access journal that publishes original research articles, review articles, as well as short communication in all areas of chemistry including applied chemistry. The journal is accredited by The Ministry of Research, Technology and Higher Education (RISTEKDIKTI) No : 21/E/KPT/2018 (in First Rank) and indexed in Scopus since 2012. Since 2018 (Volume 18), Indonesian Journal of Chemistry publish four issues (numbers) annually (February, May, August and November).
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 1,956 Documents
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Non-enzymatic Determination of Glucose in Artificial Urine Using 3D-µPADs through Silver Nanoparticles Formation Fahmi, Ahmad Luthfi; 'Aisy, Kamila Rohadatul; Wulandari, Ika Oktavia; Sulistyarti, Hermin; Sabarudin, Akhmad
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 24, No 5 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.95588

Abstract

Patients with diabetes often experience blood glucose fluctuations, making monitoring crucial. Traditional blood sampling methods pose risks of infection and pain. An alternative non-invasive approach using urine tests has been explored. Recent studies highlight microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (µPADs) as convenient, simple, and easily fabricated tools for non-invasive glucose measurement. This study aims to develop a concept of measuring glucose in artificial urine using 3D-µPADs in a non-enzymatic manner by utilizing glucose as a reducing agent for silver nanoparticle (AgNPs) formation. Embedding three-dimensional connectors in µPADs links the sample and detection zones to limit reagent mixing and improve glucose detection resolution. The optimal conditions were NaOH 10 M, starch 1%, and AgNO3 30 mM, with sample and detection zone volumes of 10 and 9 µL, respectively. The fifth reaction sequence involved AgNO3 in the detection zone and a solution of glucose, NaOH, and starch in the sample zone at 1:1:1 volume ratio. The reagent drying time was 15 min, with immobilization once and reaction time of 9 min. The method showed excellent linearity (R2 = 0.9905), precision (%RSD = 4.27%), accuracy (77.32–92.58%), and limit of detection (11.11 mg/dL).
The Study of Removal of Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Particles from Wastewater through Electrocoagulation Ramadani, Azaria Ivana; Fardiyah, Qonitah; Rumhayati, Barlah
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 24, No 5 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.95589

Abstract

Plastic was produced massively, especially using polyvinyl chloride (PVC) as a raw material. Unfortunately, this condition cause affects the environment, which creates a new pollutant issue. It is essential to study the removal of PVC microplastics in current water treatment processes. The study of wastewater treatment can be achieved using electrocoagulation, which has several benefits, including low-cost, simple chemicals, and accessible equipment operation. This research investigated the study of the removal of PVC microplastics from wastewater by electrocoagulation. The new potential of the electrocoagulation technique using Al-Al electrodes was studied systematically at various variations, i.e., electrolysis time, electrolyte concentration, initial pH, coagulation speed, and electrolyte type. The results showed that the PVC microplastics removal efficiency reached 100% after electrolysis for 60 min, electrolyte concentration of 0.01 mol/L, initial pH of 7, coagulation speed of 500 rpm, the type of electrolyte used was NaCl at a flocculation speed. These optimum conditions also reduced the value of turbidity of wastewater samples from 1.39 ± 0.02 to 1.10 ± 0.05 NTU. The results of this study provide an engineering perspective in optimizing operational parameters for removing PVC microplastics in aquatic environments.
Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Citrus sinensis Peels Assisted by Microwave Irradiation as a Contrast Agents for Computed Tomography Imaging Fatikasari, Tanty; Nurhasanah, Iis; Khumaeni, Ali
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 24, No 5 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.95690

Abstract

Contrast agents are extensively used to enhance the quality of images in computed tomography (CT) scans for brain exams, vascular imaging, and full-body imaging. Recent data indicate that iodine-based contrast agents have brief durations of blood circulation and may lead to harmful toxicity effects. This study aims to produce silver nanoparticles using environmentally friendly synthesis techniques facilitated by microwaves. The characteristics of nanoparticles have been studied using UV-vis, FTIR, XRD, and TEM techniques. The TEM analysis reveals that the silver nanoparticle has an average diameter of 9 nm and exhibits a spherical shape. The contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) values of silver nanoparticles at 100, 150, and 200 mg/L concentrations are 35.79, 48.16, and 74.66, respectively. In comparison, iodine exhibits CNR values of 28.57, 34.69, and 48.56 at the same concentrations. The CNR values for tube currents of 140, 160, and 180 mA are 37.83, 44.98, and 48.26, respectively. In contrast, the CNR values in silver nanoparticles are 63.64, 75.32, and 81.67. The results obtained from the different concentrations and tube currents clearly demonstrate that silver nanoparticles have a higher CNR than iopamidol. Hence, silver nanoparticles have significant potential as contrast agents.
Novel Benzothiazole Derivatives: Synthesis, Anticancer Activity, Density Function Theory (DFT) Study, and ADMET Prediction Abbas, Layla Jasim; Hussein, Kawkab Ali
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 24, No 5 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.95838

Abstract

Benzothiazole is an amazing small molecule involved in many applications in industrial and pharmaceutical industries to prepare many candidate compounds as effective drugs. In this study, we presented some derivatives of this compound that were prepared easily and quickly with the help of microwaves to minimize time, energy, and finances. The compounds’ cytotoxicity against the two cell lines SK-GT-4 and AMGM5 was examined. The cytotoxic effect of each compound at different concentrations was measured using the MTT assay. Compounds exhibited no potent cytotoxic effects toward the SK-GT-4 cell line. Compounds B1 and B2 had a high IC50 value and good growth inhibition activity against the AMGM5 cell line. According to in silico absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion analysis (ADME) prediction studies, the compounds B1, B2, and B3 met Lipinski and were drug-like in most physicochemical parameters. Despite some violations, generally favorable pharmacokinetic properties. It is also assumed that it can potentially become a drug candidate in the future. Various electronic parameters were examined using DFT/WB97XD/6-31++G(d,p), and studies were conducted to support the experimental findings. To estimate the binding modes of compounds B1 and B5, we also performed in silico molecular docking studies.
Microencapsulation of Chromolaena odorata Leaf Extract with Cellulose Esters for the Application as an Eco-Friendly Antibacterial Agent Ketwaraporn, Jiraporn; Pinthong, Somyod; Kerdphu, Rungnapha; Daebau, Surahani; Kraivuttinun, Parinya; Jansanthea, Pongthep
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 24, No 5 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.95841

Abstract

The aim of this work is to develop an eco-friendly antibacterial agent in the form of microcapsules containing extract from Chromolaena odorata leaves using the solvent evaporation method. The wall materials for encapsulating were tested with various cellulose esters including cellulose acetate (CA), cellulose acetate butyrate (CAB), and cellulose acetate propionate (CAP). The evaluation of microcapsules containing C. odorata leaf extract was focused on their encapsulation efficiency, size, shape, thermal stability, and antimicrobial activities. The results showed that CAB was a suitable wall material for the encapsulation of C. odorata leaf extract. The CAB microcapsules exhibited the highest encapsulation efficiency, which was 65.82 ± 3.07. The size of CAB microcapsules was the smallest, at 1013.3 ± 66.5 nm. According to the thermogravimetric analysis, the prepared microcapsules were able to protect the extract of C. odorata leaves from the environment. Moreover, the CAB microcapsules containing C. odorata leaf extract showed the best antibacterial activities against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and Stapphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923. The minimum bactericidal concentration of the microcapsules was 25.6 mg/mL in both bacteria. This study proved the potential application of C. odorata leaf extract as a biomaterial in diverse industries in the future.
Synthesis of 2-Phenoxyacetic Acid Analogs for Evaluation of the Anti-inflammatory Potential and Subsequent In Silico Analysis Hossain, Md. Mofazzal; Biswas, Bishyajit Kumar; Bepary, Sukumar
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 24, No 5 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.96015

Abstract

Several 2-phenoxyacetic acid derivatives and their isosteres were synthesized in moderate to high yield (57–96%) for searching newer and safer alternatives to these existing anti-inflammatory agents. The compounds were characterized by 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and HRMS. The synthesized compounds have been subjected to in vitro anti-inflammatory activity using egg albumin denaturation and human red blood cell membrane stabilization methods. The compounds were also evaluated for their anti-inflammatory activity in the mice model. The synthesized compounds were subsequently subjected to docking analysis. The in vitro pharmacokinetic properties were analyzed by applying the pkCSM software and drug-likeness was checked by using Lipinski’s rule. Some synthesized esters and amides, like SM61, SM81, SM82, SM83, SM91 and SM101, were significantly more powerful as anti-inflammatory agents. The efficacies were correlated with their orientations in the binding pocket of the cyclooxygenase enzyme. The encouraging in vitro and in vivo activities, the optimum pharmacokinetic profile, and good drug-likeness indicated that these scaffolds could be considered for future discovery of newer nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).
Synthesis of Printed Hollow Fiber Membranes Urea as a Membrane Candidate Hemodialysis Djunaidi, Muhammad Cholid; Ayuningrum, Denandha Putri; Maharani, Nesti Dwi; Khabibi, Khabibi; Pardoyo, Pardoyo; Raharjo, Yanuardi; Susanto, Heru; Filardli, Abdullah Malik Islam
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 24, No 6 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.83068

Abstract

Chronic kidney failure is a disease that affects the world's population and an alternative solution is hemodialysis. Hemodialysis is the process of cleaning the blood from urea and creatinine through a semi-permeable membrane in the form of a hollow fiber membrane (HFM) with the following advantages: flexible and low energy requirements. The weaknesses of commercial hemodialysis membranes are that they are hydrophobic, chemical resistant, and low biocompatibility. This research uses a membrane of polysulfone combined with eugenol and polyethylene glycol (PEG) or polyethylene glycol diglycidyl ether (PEGDE). Eugenol has allyl, hydroxy, and methoxy groups which are derived from polyeugenol via allyl groups and from polyeugenol to polyeugenoxy acetic acid via hydroxyl groups. The resulting molecularly imprinted membrane (MIM) in the form of hollow fiber has better porosity, absorption, flux values and is highly selective in transport, with the order of selectivity, namely urea > creatinine > vitamin B12.
Synthesis of Activated Carbon from Dragon Fruit Peel for Adsorption of Methyl Blue Tran, Thi Ngoc Diem; Tran, Thi Tuu; Hoang, Bich Ngoc; Lam, Van Tan; Ngo, Thi Cam Quyen
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 24, No 6 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.85429

Abstract

In this study, activated carbon from dragon fruit peel was synthesized and applied for its ability to adsorb organic pigments in water. The results obtained from the SEM and FTIR analyzes revealed the presence of the characteristic functional groups of activated carbon. The adsorption capacity of synthetic activated carbon was evaluated against methylene blue dye. This study also evaluated factors affecting the adsorption process, including time, content, temperature, concentration, and solution pH. The optimal adsorption conditions were recorded at pH 6, concentration 95 mg/L, time 43 min, and temperature 30 °C. At optimal adsorption conditions, the adsorption capacity predicted from the model is said to be 54.12 mg/g with an efficiency of 27.5%. The experimental data of the study were evaluated using adsorption kinetic models and adsorption isotherm models of the material. The results showed that the activated carbon material from dragon fruit peel is a potential material in the application for adsorbing pollutant dyes in wastewater.
Synthesis of Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Zinc Oxide Hydrogel for Drug Delivery Applications Ramesh, Krithika; Ponnusamy, Jeyanthi; Periasamy, Pazhanisamy
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 24, No 6 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.85663

Abstract

A novel and simple method was used to synthesize antimicrobial and antioxidant porous (N-tert-butylacrylamide-co-N-vinylpyrrolidone) zinc oxide hydrogel via free radical copolymerization. The hydrogel was characterized by NMR, XRD, and SEM. Thermodynamic properties of the hydrogel were described quantitatively by the Flory-Rehner method. The results indicate that the synthesized hydrogel exhibits strong antioxidant activity, making it a potential candidate for use in preventing degenerative diseases. The antimicrobial tests showed that the hydrogel could inhibit the growth of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, as well as some pathogenic bacteria and fungi. The inhibition zones ranged from 10 to 15 mm for bacteria and from 5.2 to 9.1 mm for fungi. The reactivity ratio r1 × r2 equal to 1 confirmed ideal copolymerization showed the composition of the copolymer and the comonomer feed are same. The hydrogel's structure and reactivity are significant for constructing effective delivery systems for specific applications. Optimizing the monomer proportion could enhance hydrogel efficiency and release behavior. The hydrogel's water solubility, non-toxicity, and antioxidant properties suggest it could be safe and effective throughout the drug delivery process, contributing both passive and reactive targeting functions.
Removal of para-Phenylenediamine (PPD) Dye from Its Aqueous Solution by Adsorption Using the Activated Carbon Nanoparticles Bdewi, Shabaa Fayyad; Hussein, Hanaa Hassan; Azeez, Shireen Abdulmohsin
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 24, No 6 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.87184

Abstract

This study focused on the development of an efficient preparation method of activated carbon for the removal of para-phenylenediamine (PPD) dye in an aqueous solution. Walnut shells, a readily accessible biomass source in northern Iraq, were processed into activated carbon (AC). Several techniques, such as FTIR, XRD, and SEM, were applied to describe and study the surface of AC. According to XRD analysis, all the reflection peaks with the relative intensities of various planes indicate that the obtained particle size was around 7.63 nm. The influences of contact time, adsorbent, and other variables (the thermodynamic parameters for the influence of temperature) were calculated after studying the dosage and initial concentration. The effects of the change in the acidity functions and the increasing temperature were also studied. The results found that the best adsorption occurred in 120 min, with a 0.1 g adsorbent substance weight and pH 5. The adsorption rate was at its best at a temperature of 318 K. The best-recorded adsorption rate was obtained when applying the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms, and the adsorption processes were of a physical nature.

Page 181 of 196 | Total Record : 1956

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