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Indonesian Journal of Chemistry

ijc
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Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

ISSN : 14119420 EISSN : 24601578 DOI : -

Core Subject : Science, Engineering,

Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry

Indonesian Journal of Chemistry is an International, peer-reviewed, open access journal that publishes original research articles, review articles, as well as short communication in all areas of chemistry including applied chemistry. The journal is accredited by The Ministry of Research, Technology and Higher Education (RISTEKDIKTI) No : 21/E/KPT/2018 (in First Rank) and indexed in Scopus since 2012. Since 2018 (Volume 18), Indonesian Journal of Chemistry publish four issues (numbers) annually (February, May, August and November).

Arjuna Subject : -

Articles 1,981 Documents

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IN VITRO ACTIVITY AND COMPARATIVE STUDIES OF SOME ORGANOTIN(IV) BENZOATE DERIVATIVES AGAINST LEUKEMIA CANCER CELL, L-1210 Sutopo Hadi; Mita Rilyanti; Suharso Suharso
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 12, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

A series of dibutyl-, diphenyl- and triphenyltin(IV) benzoate derivatives has been prepared. The products were obtained by reacting the dibutyltin(IV) dichloride, diphenyltin(IV) dichloride and triphenyltin(IV) chloride respectively via the dibutyltin(IV) oxide, diphenyltin(IV) dihydroxide and triphenyltin(IV) hydroxide with benzoate acid and its derivative. The targeted compounds have been tested with anticancer activity against leukemia cancer cell, L-1210. The compounds synthesized were well characterized by 1H and 13C NMR, IR and UV-Vis spectroscopies as well as based on the microanalytical data. The results showed that triphenyltin(IV) benzoate and its derivative prepared exhibit higher anticancer activity than those of dibutyltin(IV) and diphenyltin(IV) analogous.

THE EFFECT OF DISTILLATE STORING DISTILLED FROM FRUCTOSE SYRUPS TOWARD ITS ACETALDEHYDE CONCENTRATION MEASURED BY GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY Maria Monica Sianita Basukiwardojo
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 5, No 2 (2005)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Acetaldehyde is a compound of aldehyde group that is very volatile and toxic. This compound can be found in fructose syrups used in carbonate beverages. The syrups had been distilled then analysed using gas chromatography. The concentration of acetaldehyde was 289.78 g/g in the distillates kept for one week, 295.30 g/g in those kept for two weeks, 429.45 g/g in those kept for three weeks, and 449.38 g/g in those kept for four weeks. The optimum column temperature was programmed with initial temperature of 40 oC held on for four minutes, then increasing by 40 oC/minute to 200 oC. It can be concluded that the longer the distillates have been kept, the greater the concentration of acetaldehyde in the distillates. A further research to investigate the present of microbe in the distillates and the effect of pH should be conducted.

STRUCTURE MODIFICATION OF ANDROGRAPHOLIDE TO IMPROVE ITS POTENCY AS ANTICANCER Hadi Poerwono; Yoshiyuki Hattori; Hajime Kubo; Kimio Higashiyama
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 7, No 2 (2007)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Andrographolide, a diterpenoid lactone isolated from the herb of Andrographis paniculata and known to possess antitumor activity in breast cancer models was subjected to semisynthesis leading to the preparation of a number of derivatives. After protection of the two hydroxyl groups present at C-3 and C-19 to give 3,19-isopropylidene and 3,19-benzylidene andrographolides, the remaining hydroxyl group at C-14 of andrographolide was treated with acid anhydride or acid chloride under base condition. Unfortunately, the reactions gave only 14-dehydroandrographolide as well as unidentified diacyl compounds in replace of the target molecule 14-O-acyl andrographolide. An alternative procedure using neat acetic anhydride under reflux gave the acetyl derivatives. The resulted compounds exhibited cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 breast cancer cells with better growth inhibition than the parent compound andrographolide.

INFLUENCE OF CYANIDE ON REMOVAL OF COPPER ION FROM THE SOLUTION BY PHOTOCATALYTIC REDUCTION METHOD WITH TiO2 SUSPENSION Endang Tri Wahyuni; Mudasir Mudasir; Tania Avia Gusman
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 10, No 1 (2010)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

The removal of Cu(II) by photoreduction method using TiO2 photocatalyst in the presence of CN- is reported. Photoreduction was carried by batch technique using UV lamp with 290-350 nm of wavelength. The research results indicate that the present of CN- ion gives different effects on the photoreduction effectiveness depends on the mole ratio of both ions. The addition of CN- less than 2 moles for each mole of Cu (II) ion can improve the photoreduction, and the photoreduction sharply goes down into very low degree when the mole number of CN- is increased up to 4, and by further enlarging the mole number into 6, the photoreduction degree remains constant. Furthermore, increasing solution pH generally leads to a decrease in the photoreduction. In the solution with pH 1, the maximal photoreduction degree is reached, while increasing pH from 1 to 9 has declined the photoreduction, and the photoreduction is totally inhibited at pH higher than 9. The effect of the solution pH is related with the speciation of Cu (II), CN- and TiO2 in the solution.

ANALYSIS OF IFN-γ CONCENTRATION IN WISTAR RAT BLOOD AFTER ORAL ADMINISTRATION OF STANDARDIZED GREEN TEA WATER EXTRACT Djoko Agus Purwanto; Retno Pudji Rahayu; A. Toto Purnomo
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 10, No 3 (2010)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Green tea and its polyphenols have been studied extensively as cancer chemopreventive agents in recent years. However, the mechanisms of action are still not clearly understood. Some researchers suggest that immune system plays important role to destroy cancer cells. Because of that reason, the present study was designed to analyse the effects of oral administration standardized green tea water extract on increasing of IFN-g blood concentration and to elucidate possible mechanisms involved in the inhibitory action of the cancer development. Two groups (male and female) of 5 rats have given p.o. administration 1.25% of standardized green tea water extract and got 300 mg of (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG)/kg body weight, while two groups others (male and female) were used as control. We found that IFN-g blood concentration on male and female Wistar rat are significantly increase with 13.11% and 17.59%, respectively (p<0.05) by ELISA method, whereas control had no increase. These results indicate that standardized green tea water extract has possibility to prevent and suppress cancer development through enhancing IFN-g expression and other immunosurveillance component.

KINETIC STUDY ON ADSORPTION OF CHROMIUM(lIl) TO DIATOMACEOUS EARTH PRE-TREATED WITH SULFURIC AND HYDROCHLORIC ACIDS Nuryono Nuryono; V.V.H. Susanti; Narsito Narsito
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 3, No 1 (2003)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

In this research, the effect of Sangiran diatomaceous earth pre-treatment with sulfuric acid (H2SO4) and hydrochloric acid (HCl) on the kinetics of adsorption for Cr(III) in aqueous solution has been studied. The research has been carried out by mixing an amount of diatomeaeous earth with HCl or H2SO4 in various concentrations for two hours at temperature of 150 - 200°C. The mixture was washed with water until neutral, and the residue was dried at 70°C for four hours. The result then was used as adsorbent. Adsorption was carried out by mixing an amount of adsorbent with Cr(III) solution in various contact times. Ion adsorbed was determined by analyzing filtrate using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The effect of pre-treatment on adsorption kinetics was evaluated based on kinetic parameters, i.e. constant of adsorption rate by using Langmuir-Hinshelwood kinetics and using two-process kinetics (fast and slow processes). Adsorption kinetics calculated using LH equation gave negative value for adsorption rate constant of zero order (k0). On the other words, the LH kinetics might not be applied for adsorption of Cr(III) to diatomaceous earth adsorbent. Results of kinetics study approached using two processes (fast and slow) showed that adsorption of Cr(III) occurred in two processes with rate constant of fast adsorption, kc, 0.041/min, rate constant of slow adsorption, kl, 0.0089/min, and of slow desorption, k'l, 0.089/menit. Pre-treatment with HCl up to 10 M decreased either kc, kl or k'l, while pre-treatment with H2SO4 1M increased kc to 0.061/min, decreased kl to 0.00424 and k'l to 0.0139/min. On pre-treatment with H2SO4 higher than 6 M significantly decreased three constants above. Based on the Gibbs energy change (4.31 - 6.79 kJ/mole) showed that adsorption involved physical interaction.

DETERMINATION OF LIMIT DETECTION OF THE ELEMENTS N, P, K, Si, Al, Fe, Cu, Cd, WITH FAST NEUTRON ACTIVATION USING NEUTRON GENERATOR Sunardi Sunardi; Muryono Muryono
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 6, No 2 (2006)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Determination of limit detection of the elements N, P, K, Si, Al, Fe, Cu, Cd, with fast neutron activation using neutron generator has been done. Samples prepared from SRM 2704, N, P, K elements from MERCK, Cu, Cd, Al from activation foil made in San Carlos, weighted and packed for certain weight then iradiated during 30 minutes with 14 MeV fast neutron using the neutron generator and then counted with gamma spectrometry (accuspec). At this research condition of neutron generator was set at current 1 mA that produced neutron flux about 5,47.107 n/cm2.s and experimental result shown that the limit detection for the elements N, P, K, Si, Al, Fe, Cu, Cd are 2,44 ppm, 1,88 ppm, 2,15 ppm, 1,44 ppm, 1,26 ppm, 1,35 ppm, 1,05 ppm, 2,99 ppm, respectively. The data indicate that the limit detection or sensitivity of appliance of neutron generator to analyze the element is very good, which is feasible to get accreditation AANC laboratory using neutron generator.

CALCIUM ABSORPTION KINETIC ON INDONESIAN RICE Chatarina Wariyah; Mary Astuti; Supriyadi Supriyadi; Chairil Anwar
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 8, No 2 (2008)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Calcium absorption kinetic from three varieties rice i.e. low-, medium-, and high amylose content were evaluated. Three calcium salt (calcium acetate, -lactate and - gluconate) were used as a fortifican. Each rice was soaked at the calcium salts at soaking temperatures of 80, 90 and 100 oC, for 30 min and the calcium content was analyzed periodically. Reaction rate constant was determined from slope of curve of the relation of soaking time and absorbed calcium. The activation energy was determined by Arrhenius equation. The research showed that rice calcium absorption follows the first-order kinetic and absorption rate tends to decrease with increasing temperature. Calcium absorptions were affected by calcium salt solubility. Calcium acetate was absorbed easier than calcium lactate and calcium lactate was absorbed easier than calcium gluconate, but the absorption rate constant of calcium acetate was lower than that of calcium lactate, and calcium lactate was lower than calcium gluconate. Based on amylose content of rice, the higher the amylose content, the lower calcium absorption rate. The activation anergy of the high amylose rice was higher than that of low amylose content.

EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE AND SPEED OF STIRRER TO BIODIESEL CONVERSION FROM COCONUT OIL WITH THE USE OF PALM EMPTY FRUIT BUNCHES AS A HETEROGENEOUS CATALYST Luthfi Pratama; Yoeswono Yoeswono; Triyono Triyono; Iqmal Tahir
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 9, No 1 (2009)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Biodiesel synthesis by transesterification reaction of coconut oil with methanol by using ash of palm empty fruit bunches (EFB) as base catalyst has been conducted. Sample of ash was prepared through heating, screening, reashing, and finally determining of potassium content. Sample of coconut oil was analyzed by GC-MS. A certain amount of ash was extracted in methanol with mixing for about 1 h at room temperature and a result was used for reaction of transesterification. The studied variables were effect of temperature and speed of stirrer. The composition of the methyl esters (biodiesel) was analyzed using GC-MS and 1H NMR, whereas characters of biodiesel were analyzed using ASTM methods. The results showed that potassium content in ash of EFB could be extracted by methanol and it could be used as base catalyst in the biodiesel synthesis. The value increasing of both variables enhanced the biodiesel conversion. The properties of biodiesel were relatively conformed to specification of biodiesel.

POROGEN EFFECT TOWARDS THE QUALITY OF CURCUMIN IMPRINTED POLYMER Emi Shaqiza Azizi; Mohd Noor Ahmad; A.K.M. Shafiqul Islam; Dahyar Arbain; Iqmal Tahir
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 11, No 3 (2011)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) is gaining importance in separation technology. In this study, curcumin has been selected as template in MIP which can be applied as sorbent materials in solid-phase extraction (SPE). Effect of porogen on the quality of curcumin-MIP is very sensitive depends on the molecular size and polarity of the porogen. We varied three solvents as the porogen i.e. tetrahydrofuran (THF), chloroform (CHCl3) and acetonitrile (MeCN). The MIP was prepared using non-covalent approach through bulk polymerization and non-imprinted polymer (NIP) as control, also prepared using the same procedure in the absence of template. The largest imprinting factor, 1.27 was obtained from polymer P1 at ratio 1:4 of template: functional monomer. The P1 was prepared using methacrylic acid (MAA) as functional monomer and tetrahydrofuran (THF) as porogen with the highest average pore diameter i.e. 618.43 nm trough gas adsorption analysis. This will lead to better access of curcumin during batch binding analysis.

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