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Indonesian Journal of Chemistry

ijc
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Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

ISSN : 14119420 EISSN : 24601578 DOI : -

Core Subject : Science, Engineering,

Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry

Indonesian Journal of Chemistry is an International, peer-reviewed, open access journal that publishes original research articles, review articles, as well as short communication in all areas of chemistry including applied chemistry. The journal is accredited by The Ministry of Research, Technology and Higher Education (RISTEKDIKTI) No : 21/E/KPT/2018 (in First Rank) and indexed in Scopus since 2012. Since 2018 (Volume 18), Indonesian Journal of Chemistry publish four issues (numbers) annually (February, May, August and November).

Arjuna Subject : -

Articles 1,981 Documents

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SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF FRIEDELIN [2, 3-d] SELENADIAZOLE Mehtab Parveen; Sayed Hasan Mehdi; Raza Murad Ghalib; Mahboob Alam; Rokiah Hashim; Othman Sulaiman
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 9, No 2 (2009)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

The new 1, 2, 3, selenadiazole derivative (3) was prepared from friedelin (1) via the corresponding semicarbazone (2) using Lalezari cyclization. The compounds were prepared, separated and characterized on the basis of microanalysis and spectral studies. The isolated friedelin and its selenadiazole were screened in vitro for their antimicrobial activities against various pathogenic bacterial were found to be highly active against all the selected pathogens. Compound 3 showed an inhibition zone of 14 mm and 12 mm respectively against highly resistant S. albus and C. albicans. A general mechanistic scheme for these reactions is also suggested based on current and previous results.

TiO2 BEADS FOR PHOTOCATALYTIC DEGRADATION OF HUMIC ACID IN PEAT WATER Winarti Andayani; Agustin N M Bagyo
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 11, No 3 (2011)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Degradation of humic acid in aqueous solution containing TiO2 coated on ceramics beads under irradiation of 254 nm UV light has been conducted in batch reactor. The aim of this experiment was to study photocatalytic degradation of humic acid in peat water. The irradiation of the humic acid in aqueous solution was conducted in various conditions i.e solely uv, in the presence of TiO2-slurry and TiO2 beads. The color intensity, humic acid residue, conductivity and COD (chemical oxygen demand) of the solution were analyzed before and after irradiation. The compounds produced during photodegradation were identified using HPLC. The results showed that after photocatalytic degradation, the color intensity and the COD value of the solution decreased, while the conductivity of water increased indicating mineralization of the peat water occurred. In addition, oxalic acid as the product of degradation was observed.

CYTOTOXIC EFFECTS OF PROTEIN FRACTION ISOLATED FROM Curcuma mangga VAL RHIZOMES AND CONTAINING RIBOSOME-INACTIVATING PROTEINS ON CANCER CELL-LINES AND NORMAL CELL Sismindari Sismindari; Retno S. Sudibyo; Endang Astuti
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 4, No 3 (2004)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

C. mangga Val. has been used as an alternative remedy for cancer in Yogyakarta. The protein fraction of C. mangga was identified to contain Ribosome-inactivating Protein which cleave supercoiled double stranded DNA in vitro. In this experiment, the protein fraction isolated from fresh, 400C dried and freeze dried C. mangga Val. rhizome was screened against HeLa, Raji cell-lines and normal mononuklear cells for cytotoxic effects. This would enable us to describe the sensitivity of the protein extract on different cell types. The level of cytotoxicity was determined on the level of LC50 which was based on the percentage of the cell death following the 24 hours incubation with the extract.The protein isolated from C. mangga Val. was able to cleave supercoiled double stranded DNA to nick circular form. This result suggested that protein contained RIPs. The highest activity was identified in the protein isolated from fresh C. mangga Val, and this was followed respectively by freeze drying and 400C drying C. mangga Val. The comparison of the cytotoxic effect showed that protein of fresh C. mangga Val produced the largest number of death cells and the most toxic was on the HeLa cell line. Moreover, the LC50 indicated that the highest cytotoxic effect was shown by protein isolated from fresh C. mangga Val. followed respectively by freeze drying and 400C drying C. mangga Val. Based on LC50, the highest cytotoxic effect of C. mangga Val was found on HeLa cell line, while similar cytotoxic effect was appear on Raji cell line and normal mononuclear cells

MAPPING OF ELECTROCHEMISTRY AND NEURAL NETWORK MODEL APPLIED IN STATE OF CHARGE ESTIMATION FOR LEAD ACID BATTERY USED IN ELECTRIC VEHICLE Bambang Sri Kaloko; Soebagio Soebagio; Mauridhi H. Purnomo
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 11, No 2 (2011)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Analytical models have been developed to diminish test procedures for product realization, but they have only been partially successful in predicting the performance of battery systems consistently. The complex set of interacting physical and chemical processes within battery systems has made the development of analytical models of significant challenge. Advanced simulation tools are needed to be more accurately model battery systems which will reduce the time and cost required for product realization. As an alternative approach begun, the development of cell performance modeling using non-phenomenological models for battery systems were based on artificial neural networks (ANN) using Matlab 7.6.0(R2008b). ANN has been shown to provide a very robust and computationally efficient simulation tool for predicting state of charge for Lead Acid cells under a variety of operating conditions. In this study, the analytical model and the neural network model of lead acid battery for electric vehicle were used to determinate the battery state of charge. A precision comparison between the analytical model and the neural network model has been evaluated. The precise of the neural network model has error less than 0.00045 percent.

NITROGEN, WATER AND BENZENE ADSORPTION IN MESOPOROUS CARBON (CMK-1) AND COMMERCIAL ACTIVATED CARBON (NORIT SX22) Paulina Taba
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 9, No 3 (2009)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Adsorption at various interfaces has attracted the attention of many scientists. This article discusses gas-solid and vapour-solid adsorption in CMK-1 and Norit SX22 using nitrogen, water and benzene as adsorbates. For comparison, MCM-48 used as template in synthesizing CMK-1 was also utilized as adsorbent. Results showed that the shape of nitrogen isotherm for CMK-1 is categorized as Type IV shape, whereas activated carbon (Norit SX2) has Type I shape with a hysteresis loop at P/P0 > 0.5, which is a H4 type of hysteresis. The shape of nitrogen isotherm for MCM-48 is categorized as Type IV shape with small hysteresis loop observed at P/P0 above 0.45, indicating that the larger pores are filled at high P/P0, which is typical of an H3 hysteresis loop The amount of nitrogen adsorbed in activated carbon at the high relative pressure is considerably smaller than that in CMK-1. The hydrophobicity feature of CMK-1 is the same as activated carbon (Norit SX2), but slightly different to the template MCM-48. The affinity of CMK-1 to benzene is considerably higher than activated carbon, suggesting the promising future of CMK-1 to be used as a selective adsorbent for the removal of organic compounds from water environment.

MULTIFUNCTION OF LAYERED AND POROUS MATERIALS Karna Wijaya
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 2, No 3 (2002)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

In this review, two sort of materials i.e layered and porous materias which were studied by the author and coworkers intensively and extensively will be described. These materials generally can be classified into two groups, namely layered organic and inorganic materials and porous organic and inorganic materials. To the materials which classified in the first group, it will be discussed the syntheses, characterization and application of layered organic materials of imidazolium-dimesylamidate and of layered inorganic materials of montmorillonite. For the second group, as examples we will analogically describe the syntheses, characterization and application of 2,6-dimethylpyridinium-di(methanesulfonyl)amidate porous organic material and zeolite and pillared clay porous inorganic materials.

FTIR AND NMR STUDIES OF ADSORBED CETHYLTRIMETHYLAMMONIUM CHLORIDE IN MCM-41 MATERIALS Paulina Taba; Russell F. Howe; Graine Moran
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 8, No 1 (2008)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

The high use of surface-active agents (surfactants) by industry and households today leads to environmental pollution, therefore treatments are required to remove such substances from the environment. One of the important and widely used methods for removal of substances from solution is adsorption. In this research, MCM-41 and its modified product of MCM41-TMCS were used to adsorb cationic surfactants, cethyltrimethylammonium chloride, CTAC. FTIR and NMR methods were used to study the interaction between the surfactants and the adsorbents. MCM-41 was synthesized hydrothermally at 100 oC and its modification was conducted by silylation of MCM-41 with trimethylchloro silane (MCM41-TMCS). Both unmodified and modified MCM-41 can adsorb the surfactant. The interaction of CTAC with MCM-41 was mostly the electrostatic interaction between the electropositive end of the surfactant and MCM-41, whereas in modified MCM-41 hydrophobic interactions become more dominant. These hydrophobic interactions appear however to involve the methyl groups on the head group of the surfactant interacting with the modified surface.

PREPARATION OF ACTIVATED CARBON FROM SILK COTTON WOOD AND COCONUT SHELL BY PYROLISIS WITH CERAMIC FURNACE Winarto Haryadi; Muchalal Muchalal; Robby Noor Cahyono
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 5, No 2 (2005)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Preparation of activated carbon from silk cotton wood and coconut shell has been done. Carbon was made by pyrolysis process in the Muchalal furnace with 3000 watt electric power. The electric power was increased gradually from 1000, 2000 and then 3000 watt with interval 2 hours during 7 hours. Carbon was activated in Muchalal furnace with 4000 watt electric power during 2 hours and flowed with nitrogen gas. Product of the activated carbon was compared to standart product with several analysis including the surface area, acetic acid adsorption, iod adsorption and vapour adsorption. The results of analysis showed that surface area for silk cotton wood carbon, coconut shell carbon, and E.Merck product were 288.8072 m2/g, 222.9387 m2/g and 610.5543 m2/g, respectively. Acetic acid adsorption for silk cotton wood carbon, coconut shell carbon, and standart product were 157.391 mg/g, 132.791 mg/g, and 186.911 mg/g, respectively. Iodine adsorption for cotton wood carbon, coconut shell carbon, and standart product were 251.685 mg/g, 207.270 mg/g and 310.905 mg/g, respectively. Vapour adsorption for cotton wood carbon, coconut shell carbon and standart product were 12%, 4%,and 14%., respectively.

EFFECT OF PALM EMPTY BUNCH ASH ON TRANSESTERIFICATION OF PALM OIL INTO BIODIESEL Johan Sibarani; Syahrul Khairi; Yoeswono Yoeswono; Karna Wijaya; Iqmal Tahir
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 7, No 3 (2007)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Biodiesel conversion from transesterification reaction palm oil with methanol was studied by using an ash of palm empty bunch as a base catalyst. Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) and indicator titration analysis were used as tools for characterization of ash sample. Chemical structure of biodiesel was analyzed by GC-MS. The effects of ash sample weight (5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 g) immersed in 75 mL methanol and the methanol-palm oil mol ratio (3:1; 6:1; 9:1 and 12:1) toward the conversion of biodiesel were investigated. Biodiesel was prepared by refluxing palm oil and methanol containing ash sample. The reflux was done at room temperature for 2 h. Ester layer was distillated at 74 oC, extracted with aquadest and then dried using Na2SO4 anhydrous. The product was characterized by GC-MS, ASTM D 1298 (specific gravity 60/60 °F), ASTM D 97 (pour point), ASTM D 2500 (cloud point), ASTM D 93 (flash point), ASTM D 445 (kinematics viscosity 40 °C) and ASTM D 482 (ash content). The result of GC-MS analysis showed that methyl palmitate is primary content of biodiesel product. A 15 g weight of ash sample gave the maximum biodiesel conversion. By increasing methanol mole quantity, biodiesel conversion increased progressively and maximum at 9:1 methanol-palm oil ratio (84.12 %) and decreased on 12:1 ratio (75.58 %). Most of the biodiesel products were similar to those of the diesel physical characters.

Syntheses of Azo-Imine Derivatives from Vanillin as an Acid Base Indicator Bambang Purwono; Chairil Anwar; Ahmad Hanapi
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 13, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Preparations of azo, imine and azo-imine derivatives from vanillin as an indicator of acid-base titration have been carried out. The azo derivative of 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-5-(phenylazo)benzaldehyde 2 was produced by diazotitation reaction of vanillin in 37.04% yield. The azo product was then refluxed with aniline in ethanol to yield azo-imine derivatives, 2-methoxy-6-(phenylazo)-4-((phenylimino)methyl)phenol 1 in 82.21% yield. The imine derivative, 2-methoxy-4-((phenylimino)methyl)-phenol 3 was obtained by refluxing of vanillin and aniline mixture in ethanol solvent and produced 82.17% yield. The imine product was then reacted with benzenediazonium chloride salt. However, the products indicated hydrolyzed product of 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-5-(phenylazo)benzaldehyde 2 in 22.15% yield. The 2-methoxy-4-((phenylimino)methyl)phenol 2 could be used as an indicator for titration of NaOH by H2C2O4 with maximum concentration of H2C2O4 0.1 M while the target compound 1 could be used as titration indicator for titration of NaOH with H2C2O4 with same result using phenolphthalein indicator.

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