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INDONESIA
Jurnal Pertahanan : Media Informasi tentang Kajian dan Strategi Pertahanan yang Mengedepankan Identity, Nasionalism dan Integrity
Published by Universitas Pertahanan Republik Indonesia
ISSN : 20879415     EISSN : 25499459     DOI : -
Core Subject : Education,
Other
Jurnal Pertahanan is published quarterly in April, August and December, it aimed to provide research articles in order to have a significant implication to the world of defense strategy. The Journal's primary objective is to bridge the gap between theory and practice in defense studies. Every article contains empirical results, research methods, managerial implication and latest references from primary sources. The Journal is highly relevant to all professionals, directors, managers, entrepreneurs, professors, academic researchers and graduate students in the field of international defense strategy studies. Jurnal Pertahanan published articles on international defense strategy and defense managements. Topics with theoretical or practical appeal or a mixture of both. Jurnal Pertahanan publishes scientific work of military, academics and observers in the common defense strategy and defense management.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 9 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol 12, No 1 (2026)" : 9 Documents clear
Optimizing Intelligence Oversight in National Security Intelligence Fernando, yudha; Runturambi, Arthur Josias Simon
Jurnal Pertahanan: Media Informasi tentang Kajian dan Strategi Pertahanan yang Mengedepankan Identity, Nasionalism dan Integrity Vol 12, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : The Republic of Indonesia Defense University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33172/jp.v12i1.19881

Abstract

The objective of this study is to formulate a good and accountable intelligence governance. At the same time, this is fundamental to a democratic state. Implementing this principle is crucial to preventing abuse of power and ensuring that intelligence activities are conducted responsibly. The object and purpose of this study are to identify the current position of the national security intelligence oversight system in Indonesia and provide suggestions for optimizing intelligence oversight. This study aims to balance national security needs with civil liberties and privacy, and facilitate reporting of suspicious activity. This study employed a descriptive, qualitative approach. Primary and secondary data were obtained through a literature review of intelligence oversight and related regulations, in-depth interviews, and focus group discussions. These data were then validated through method and source triangulation techniques, peer debriefing, and member checking before being analyzed using Miles and Huberman's qualitative analysis method. The theory used in this study is the Intelligence Oversight Theory, a legal and procedural framework that ensures all intelligence activities comply with laws, executive orders, and human rights. The results of the study show that, to optimize the layered intelligence oversight system, the involvement of civil society entities and the establishment of a new independent oversight entity are needed. Meanwhile, to optimize the effectiveness of intelligence supervision, it is necessary to add three indicators: timeliness, cost accuracy, and measurement accuracy.
The Strategic Role of Defense, Investment, and Economic Sectors on Economic Growth in Eastern Indonesia: A Panel Data Approach Widiyarini, Widiyarini; Rodoni, Ahmad; Saputro, Firdaus Budhy; Fitria, Dona; Latuconsina, Brian Rizadhani
Jurnal Pertahanan: Media Informasi tentang Kajian dan Strategi Pertahanan yang Mengedepankan Identity, Nasionalism dan Integrity Vol 12, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : The Republic of Indonesia Defense University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33172/jp.v12i1.19944

Abstract

Economic stability is closely linked to the condition of security, particularly in regions where investment and sectoral development are still evolving. While previous studies tend to examine defense expenditure as a single determinant, limited attention has been given to how defense interacts simultaneously with investment and key economic sectors in shaping regional economic growth. This study explores the dynamics of economic growth in Eastern Indonesia by incorporating defense, investment, and selected sectoral variables into a unified analytical framework. A quantitative approach is applied using secondary data processed through panel data regression with EViews 13. The dataset consists of balanced panel data from 10 provinces over a ten-year period, generating 100 observations. The results reveal that defense, agriculture, and industrial sectors contribute significantly to economic growth. In contrast, the fisheries sector does not demonstrate a measurable impact despite the region’s strong maritime characteristics. Similarly, investment does not show a statistically significant effect, indicating the presence of structural constraints that limit its effectiveness. These findings highlight that regional growth in Eastern Indonesia is not solely driven by resource availability, but also by how strategic sectors are managed and integrated.
Co-Hydrothermal Carbonization: An Innovative Solution for Enhancing National Energy Resilience Through the Production of Clean Solid Fuels from Sewage Sludge and Coal Slime Ardyanto, Fakhriyan; Sakina, Zafira Naja; Thamrin, Suyono; Laksmono, Rudy
Jurnal Pertahanan: Media Informasi tentang Kajian dan Strategi Pertahanan yang Mengedepankan Identity, Nasionalism dan Integrity Vol 12, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : The Republic of Indonesia Defense University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33172/jp.v12i1.20031

Abstract

Waste management, particularly the handling of sewage sludge generated from water treatment and coal slime as a byproduct of mining activities, poses a serious environmental challenge. Co-Hydrothermal Carbonization (co-HTC) technology has emerged as an innovative solution to convert these two types of waste into clean and efficient solid fuel. This study aims to explore the characteristics of the co-HTC process, the environmental benefits it offers, the implementation challenges it faces, and its potential applications in supporting a sustainable energy transition. The research employs a literature review approach, gathering information from scholarly articles, research reports, and policy documents related to co-HTC. The selection of literature is based on topic relevance, publication year, and the quality of research methodology. A critical analysis identifies the main characteristics of co-HTC technology, its environmental benefits, implementation challenges, and application opportunities. The findings indicate that co-HTC can significantly reduce waste volume and produce hydrochar as an alternative fuel with high calorific value and low carbon emissions. Additionally, hydrochar has potential as an organic fertilizer that supports sustainable agriculture. However, challenges such as the cost of oxygen production and the need for infrastructure investment remain significant hurdles.
Network Security Analysis Using PPTP and VPN on the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle PUNA MALE Simulation Prototype Zen, Bita Parga; Putro, Iwan Nofi Yono; Adhinata, Faisal Dharma
Jurnal Pertahanan: Media Informasi tentang Kajian dan Strategi Pertahanan yang Mengedepankan Identity, Nasionalism dan Integrity Vol 12, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : The Republic of Indonesia Defense University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33172/jp.v12i1.19915

Abstract

Reliable and secure communication is a fundamental requirement for Medium-Altitude Long-Endurance (MALE) Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) operations, where real-time data transmission must be maintained despite network instability. Internet-Protocol (IP)-based communication networks commonly used in UAV systems are susceptible to delay, jitter, and packet loss, which can degrade mission performance in surveillance and reconnaissance scenarios. This study investigates the capability of a Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP) Virtual Private Network (VPN) to simultaneously enhance communication security and preserve network Quality of Service (QoS) for PUNA MALE UAV communications. A Hardware-in-the-Loop (HIL) simulation environment implemented in GNS3 was developed to emulate realistic operational conditions. Network performance was evaluated using ICMP, TCP, and UDP protocols, with metrics including delay, jitter, and packet loss. Experimental results show that ICMP achieved an average jitter of 0.0879 ms with zero packet loss, while TCP demonstrated superior stability compared to UDP, which exhibited a packet loss rate of 1.9708%. The findings reveal that PPTP VPN deployment can maintain stable QoS performance while providing secure communication channels, indicating its feasibility as a lightweight security solution for UAV communication systems operating in controlled network environments. This work provides empirical evidence supporting the secure integration of VPNs for reliable MALE UAV data communication architectures.
Quantitative Assessment of the Evolution of Indonesia International Military Cooperation with the United States and China (1995 – 2014) Rasyid, Muhammad Gilang; Nashir, Asep Kamaluddin; Saripudin, Mohamad Hery
Jurnal Pertahanan: Media Informasi tentang Kajian dan Strategi Pertahanan yang Mengedepankan Identity, Nasionalism dan Integrity Vol 12, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : The Republic of Indonesia Defense University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33172/jp.v12i1.19839

Abstract

The dynamics of China and the United States rivalry have significantly affected many countries, with both seeking to align other states with them. Both the United States and China seek to increase their influence amid geopolitical competition, including military cooperation with Indonesia. Following the question of how these two relationships have developed over time, we present a quantitative analysis of the evolution, trend, and variations of international military cooperation with both China and the United States. With that in mind, this study developed an original index, the International Military Cooperation Intensity (IMCI) Index, aimed at measuring military cooperation between Indonesia and the two countries from 1995 to 2014 within arms transfer and bilateral joint military exercises area. The findings from the IMCI Index show that while Indonesia has increasingly strengthened its military cooperation with the United States, it has simultaneously strengthened its relationship with China. While our findings verify the assumption that United States remains Indonesia’s stronger partner, the results confirm Indonesia’s  increasing military cooperation with China during this period. This result increases our understanding of Indonesia's evolving military cooperation with both countries during this period using these two quantitative indicators. In addition, the methodological approach used in this study illustrated the usefulness of constructing an index that can serve to show the trends, evolution, and variation in examining international relations events such as international military cooperation.
Indonesia’s Contribution to Maritime Security and Climate Justice in the Global South Wibowo, Tri
Jurnal Pertahanan: Media Informasi tentang Kajian dan Strategi Pertahanan yang Mengedepankan Identity, Nasionalism dan Integrity Vol 12, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : The Republic of Indonesia Defense University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33172/jp.v12i1.19788

Abstract

As a prominent maritime power in the Global South, Indonesia holds strategic potential to shape global maritime governance. Through the Global Maritime Axis (GMA) launched in 2014, Indonesia reaffirmed its commitment to safeguarding maritime stability. However, the existing GMA framework remains overly centered on traditional threats such as sovereignty protection and military defense, overlooking the growing impact of non-traditional challenges—particularly those related to climate change. To enhance its maritime resilience, Indonesia’s maritime security framework must evolve to incorporate the climate-security nexus. This study employs a qualitative descriptive-analytical approach to explore the interrelationship between maritime security and climate justice, drawing from nationally and internationally indexed literature. Findings underscore that the ocean's role in regulating the global climate necessitates inclusive, collaborative governance that transcends traditional boundaries. Climate justice, as a normative framework, demands the recognition of shared but differentiated responsibilities, especially for vulnerable maritime nations like Indonesia. Within the context of the Archipelagic and Island States (AIS) Forum, Indonesia has emerged as both an initiator and host, advancing principles of ocean collaboration, innovation, and sustainability. By reconceptualizing maritime security to include environmental protection, equitable resource governance, and marine biodiversity conservation, Indonesia can lead a transformative approach to climate justice. This repositioning enables Indonesia to protect its ecological and geopolitical interests while serving as a model for other developing maritime states. Ultimately, fostering climate resilience through maritime cooperation enhances regional stability and contributes meaningfully to global climate goals.
Iran’s Surrogate Warfare Strategy against Israel: Geopolitical Maneuvering in the Palestine–Israel Conflict (October 2023–June 2025) Alwi, Abdullah; Sumadinata, R. Widya Setiabudi; Yulianti, Dina
Jurnal Pertahanan: Media Informasi tentang Kajian dan Strategi Pertahanan yang Mengedepankan Identity, Nasionalism dan Integrity Vol 12, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : The Republic of Indonesia Defense University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33172/jp.v12i1.20153

Abstract

The Israel–Palestine conflict experienced a dramatic escalation following Hamas’s launch of the Al-Aqsa Flood Operation. The conflict triggered broader regional involvement through Iran’s network of allied forces known as the Axis of Resistance. This study analyzes Iran’s surrogate warfare strategy against Israel during the Palestine–Israel conflict from October 2023 to June 2025, focusing on how Iran externalizes the burden of war through proxy forces and technological means. A single-case study design with a qualitative approach was employed. Secondary data include statements from Iranian officials and Axis of Resistance actors obtained through official media channels, reports from think tanks, and international media coverage. Document analysis, content observation, and qualitative content analysis were conducted following Yin, (2018) framework. The study identifies four key dimensions of Iran’s surrogate warfare strategy: (1) delegation and outsourcing to non-state actors, including Hezbollah, Hamas, the Houthi forces, and Iraqi resistance groups; (2) political efficiency achieved through plausible deniability while maintaining strategic influence; (3) multi-level contestation across military, diplomatic, and technological domains; and (4) a strategic shift from indirect confrontation toward a highly limited direct confrontation during the 12-day war in June 2025. Surrogate warfare enabled Iran to project power without direct involvement in the early stages; however, challenges of control and strategic blowback eventually forced limited direct military confrontation with Israel. Iran’s surrogate warfare represents an adaptive response to conventional military asymmetry but faces inherent limitations in controlling autonomous proxy actors and preventing unintended escalation. The transition to direct warfare in June 2025 indicates that surrogate strategies alone cannot address existential security threats, potentially reshaping the dynamics of regional conflict and the future applicability of indirect warfare doctrines.
Analysis of the Indonesian National Army's Hearts and Minds Strategy in Counter-Insurgency Facing the Threat of the Free Papua Organization Mauludi, Faiq Dhiya Ulhaq
Jurnal Pertahanan: Media Informasi tentang Kajian dan Strategi Pertahanan yang Mengedepankan Identity, Nasionalism dan Integrity Vol 12, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : The Republic of Indonesia Defense University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33172/jp.v12i1.19838

Abstract

This analysis explores the territorial operation strategies employed by the Habema Operational Command Task Force of the Indonesian National Armed Forces (TNI) in counterinsurgency efforts against threats posed by the Free Papua Movement (OPM). The discussion focuses on identifying strategic actions taken, evaluating their effectiveness, and assessing their contributions to security stability and community welfare in Papua. A qualitative research method was applied, relying on a document analysis as primary data sources. The findings reveal that territorial approaches emphasizing community participation and welfare-based development programs are effective in mitigating conflict potential. These insights contribute to the body of knowledge on modern counterinsurgency, particularly in regions with complex geographical and sociocultural challenges.
Aviation Dentistry: Preflight Dental Check on The Fighter Pilots Hatta, Ridhayani; Budiman, Mohamad Arif
Jurnal Pertahanan: Media Informasi tentang Kajian dan Strategi Pertahanan yang Mengedepankan Identity, Nasionalism dan Integrity Vol 12, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : The Republic of Indonesia Defense University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33172/jp.v12i1.19973

Abstract

Aviation dentistry is a specialized field that addresses oral and maxillofacial health in environments subject to significant changes in atmospheric pressure, particularly during flight. Barodontalgia, a form of dental pain triggered by such pressure fluctuations, can adversely affect pilots' performance, potentially impairing mission success. This narrative review critically assesses the necessity of preflight dental evaluations for military fighter pilots as a preventive measure against barodontalgia-related in-flight complications. A comprehensive literature search was conducted across PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar for studies published between 2020 and 2025. A total of 55 records were identified, and 23 studies were included in the final qualitative analysis. Findings indicate that barodontalgia is often precipitated by pre-existing dental conditions, such as untreated caries, pulpitis, and unstable restorations, which become exacerbated under high-altitude pressure changes. Fighter aircraft commonly operate at altitudes between 45,000 and 51,000 feet, with rapid pressure fluctuations that can significantly worsen dental symptoms. Despite the recognition of barodontalgia’s operational impact, preflight dental assessments are not routinely integrated into current aeromedical protocols. The review recommends formalizing a Dental Requirements Document as part of military preflight checks, including comprehensive dental health evaluations and history assessments. Such a protocol could mitigate the risk of dental emergencies during flights and enhance operational safety by ensuring dental readiness before missions.

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