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ORBITA: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Ilmu Fisika
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram
ISSN : 24609587     EISSN : 26147017     DOI : https://doi.org/10.31764/orbita.v8i2.10197
Core Subject : Science, Education,
Education Physics
ORBITA: Jurnal Kajian, Inovasi, dan Aplikasi Pendidikan Fisika invites and welcomes the submission of advanced research and review papers, innovations and developed selected conference papers that have never been previously publicized. This journal provides publications and a forum to the academics, scholars and advanced level students for exchanging significant information and productive ideas associated with all these disciplines. The relevant topics of the latest progressive findings or developments will be taken seriously into consideration, the topics covered by the journals include: Physics Education : Physics learning innovation; Physics learning methods, models, and approaches; Physics learning media; ICT in Physics learning; Physics learning evaluation and assesment; Etnophysics. Ecophysics Applied Physics : Theoretical and computational physics; Instrumentation physics; Geophysics; Material Physics; Biophysics and Medical Physics.
Arjuna Subject : Fisika dan Astronomi - Fisika dan Astronomi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 285 Documents
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Analysis of the mechanical properties of banana stem fibers and coconut fibers through tensile strength measurement based on Hooke’s Law Kurniatillah Kurniatillah; Mawarni Saputri; Elisa Elisa
ORBITA: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Ilmu Fisika Vol 12, No 1 (2026): May
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31764/orbita.v12i1.39050

Abstract

The utilization of natural fibers such as banana stem fiber and coconut fiber is still not widespread even though both have good mechanical properties. This study aims to compare the tensile strength of the two types of fibers using the hanging load test method. The study was conducted experimentally at the Physics Education Laboratory of Syiah Kuala University using four specimen groups with 20 samplesin each group (n = 20). The process includes drying the fibers indoors, cutting samples with a size of 20 cm for single fibers and 15 cm for bundles, measuring the diameter using a screw micrometer, and applying a load gradually until the fiber breaks. A total of 80 specimens were tasted using a purposive sampling technique, consisting of sigle banana fibers, sigle coconut fibers, banana fiber bundles, and coconut fiber bundles with relatively similar physical characteristics and diameters. The data obtained were analyzed descriptively using average values of stress, strain, and elastic modulus. The results showed that single coconut fiber had the highest stress of 4.49×10⁶ Pa, an elastic modulus of 2.30×10⁸ Pa, and a strain of 0.0210. Meanwhile, single banana fiber had a stress of 4.34×10⁶ Pa, a modulus of 3.57×10⁸ Pa, and a strain of 0.0017. Coconut fiber bundles showed a stress of 1.76×10⁶ Pa, a modulus of 1.29×10⁸ Pa, and a strain of 0.0145, while banana fiber bundles produced a stress of 1.77 × 10⁶ Pa, a modulus of 6.91 × 10⁸ Pa, and a strain of 0.0033. Coconut fiber was more elastic and less prone to breaking during testing, while banana fiber was stiffer and more prone to breaking. The results of this study concluded that coconut fiber is better suited for applications requiring flexibility, while banana fiber is better suited for applications requiring high stiffness. 
Pengaruh modul pembelajaran berbasis self regulated learning dengan menggunakan model inquiry learning terhadap hasil belajar siswa Friti Chinta Talib
ORBITA: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Ilmu Fisika Vol 12, No 1 (2026): May
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31764/orbita.v12i1.37849

Abstract

AbstractChanges in teaching and learning practices during and after the pandemic have highlighted the need for instructional materials that support independent learning, enhance student engagement, and foster critical thinking skills. However, physics instruction in schools is still largely dominated by conventional teaching methods, resulting in suboptimal student achievement, particularly in the topics of temperature and heat. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of a self-regulated learning (SRL)-based learning module integrated with the inquiry learning model on students’ learning outcomes. This study employed an experimental method using a pretest-posttest control group design. The research sample consisted of two classes, namely an experimental class and a control class, each comprising 10 students selected through cluster random sampling. The research instrument was a set of 12 validated essay questions. Data were analyzed using normality tests, homogeneity tests, hypothesis testing, and N-Gain analysis at a significance level of 0.05. The results of the hypothesis test revealed a significant effect of the inquiry-based learning model and the self-regulated learning module on students’ learning outcomes. The obtained t-value (4.974) at the 0.05 significance level was higher than the t-table value (2.024), indicating that H0 was rejected and H1 was accepted. The difference in learning outcomes between the experimental and control groups was also supported by the N-Gain scores, where the experimental class achieved a score of 0.50, higher than the control class score of 0.32. These findings indicate that learning using self-regulated learning modules is more effective than conventional teaching methods. Overall, the module had a significant effect on improving students’ understanding of temperature and heat concepts.Keywords: learning module; self-regulated learning; inquiry learning model; learning outcomes. AbstrakPerubahan praktik pembelajaran selama dan pascapandemi menuntut adanya bahan ajar yang mampu mendukung pembelajaran mandiri, meningkatkan keterlibatan siswa, serta mengembangkan kemampuan berpikir kritis. Namun, pembelajaran fisika di sekolah masih didominasi metode konvensional yang menyebabkan hasil belajar siswa pada materi suhu dan kalor belum optimal. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh modul pembelajaran berbasis self regulated learning (SRL) dengan menggunakan model inquiry learning terhadap hasil belajar siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan desain pretest-posttest control group design. Sampel penelitian terdiri atas dua kelas, yaitu kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol yang masing-masing berjumlah 10 siswa dan dipilih menggunakan teknik cluster random sampling. Instrumen penelitian berupa tes esai sebanyak 12 soal yang telah divalidasi oleh ahli. Teknik analisis data menggunakan uji normalitas, uji homogenitas, uji hipotesis, dan uji N-Gain pada taraf signifikansi 0,05. Hasil uji hipotesis menunjukkan adanya pengaruh signifikan penggunaan model pertanyaan dan modul pembelajaran self-regulated terhadap hasil belajar siswa. Nilai thitung (4,974) pada taraf signifikansi 0,05 lebih besar dibandingkan ttabel (2,024), sehingga H0 ditolak dan H1 diterima. Perbedaan hasil belajar antara kelas eksperimen dan kontrol juga didukung oleh nilai N-Gain, di mana kelas eksperimen memperoleh skor 0,5, lebih tinggi dari skor 0,32 pada kelas kontrol. Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa pembelajaran berbasis modul self-regulated lebih efektif daripada metode konvensional. Secara keseluruhan, modul tersebut berpengaruh signifikan dalam meningkatkan pemahaman siswa mengenai materi suhu dan kalor.Kata kunci: modul pembelajaran; self regulated learning; model inquiry learning; hasil belajar.
Penerapan model inkuiri terbimbing berbantuan aplikasi powtoon terhadap hasil belajar siswa pada materi usaha dan energi di kelas X SMA Negeri 2 Percut Sei Tuan Dea Estefania; Sabani Sabani
ORBITA: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Ilmu Fisika Vol 12, No 1 (2026): May
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31764/orbita.v12i1.39187

Abstract

Abstract The low physics learning outcomes of students are triggered by the use of conventional learning models and the minimal use of innovative learning media. This study aims to review whether the learning outcomes of students taught using the guided inquiry model with Powtoon media are higher than the learning outcomes of students taught using conventional learning models on the material of work and energy at SMA Negeri 2 Percut Sei Tuan. The research method applies a quasi-experimental two-group pretest-posttest design. The research sample with simple random sampling includes two classes, namely class X-G as an experimental class taught using the guided inquiry model assisted by Powtoon and class X-H as a control class using conventional learning. The research instrument in the form of a multiple-choice test of 15 questions was given through a pretest and posttest to review student learning outcomes. Data collection techniques were carried out through tests. Data analysis techniques applied normality tests, homogeneity tests and hypothesis tests. The results showed that the average post-test score for the experimental class was 81.437, while the control class was 71.875. A one-tailed hypothesis test then conducted, showing a significant difference in the learning outcomes of students in the experimental and control classes, where the average post-test score for the experimental class was higher than that of the control class. This shows that the implementation of the guided inquiry model assisted by Powtoon is effective in improving student learning outcomes. Therefore, the use of innovative learning models supported by interactive media can be an appropriate alternative to improve the quality of physics learning in schools.Keywords: guided inquiry; powtoon; learning outcomes; physics education; work and energy. AbstrakRendahnya hasil belajar fisika siswa yang dipicu pemanfaatan model belajar konvensional dan minimnya pemanfaatan media belajar inovatif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meninjau apakah hasil belajar peserta didik yang diajar menggunakan model inkuiri terbimbing dengan media Powtoon lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan hasil belajar siswa yang diajar menggunakan model pembelajaran konvensional pada materi usaha dan energi di SMA Negeri 2 Percut Sei Tuan. Metode penelitian menerapkan quasi eksperimen berdesain two group pretest-posttest. Populasi dalam penelitian ini seluruh siswa kelas X SMA Negeri 2 Percut Sei Tuan sebanyak 8 kelas, dimana setiap kelas berjumlah 32 orang siswa. Sampel penelitian dengan teknik cluster random sampling mencakup dua kelas, yaitu kelas X IPA G sebagai kelas eksperimen yang diajarkan memakai model inkuiri terbimbing dibantu Powtoon serta kelas X IPA H sebagai kelas kontrol memakai pembelajaran konvensional. Instrumen penelitian berupa tes pilihan ganda sebanyak 15 soal. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan memberikan soal tes berupa pretest dan posttest. Teknik analisis data menerapkan uji normalitas, Uji homogenitas serta uji hipotesis. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan nilai rerata postest kelas eksperimen 81.437 sementara kelas kontrol 71.875 lalu dilaksanakan uji hipotesis satu pihak ada beda signifikan pada hasil belajar siswa kelas eksperimen serta kelas kontrol, di mana nilai rerata posttest kelas eksperimen lebih tinggi dibanding kelas kontrol. Hal ini memperlihatkan implementasi model inkuiri terbimbing dibantu Powtoon efektif menaikkan hasil belajar siswa. Dengan begitu, pemanfaatan model belajar inovatif yang didukung media interaktif bisa dijadikan alternatif yang tepat guna membangkitkan mutu belajar fisika di sekolah.Kata kunci: inkuiri terbimbing; media Powtoon; hasil belajar; pembelajaran fisika; quasi eksperimen.
Characteristics of calcium derived from Pinctada maxima shells at different calcination temperatures as a candidate material for water quality control Susi Rahayu; Arif Budianto; Sri Anum; Hurnah Hurnah; Dian Wijaya Kurniawidi
ORBITA: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Ilmu Fisika Vol 12, No 1 (2026): May
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31764/orbita.v12i1.39276

Abstract

Pearl oyster (Pinctada maxima) aquaculture is a major economic activity in coastal regions of Indonesia, particularly in Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara, but generates substantial shell waste that remains underutilized. These shells are rich in biogenic calcium carbonate (CaCO₃), offering strong potential as a sustainable raw material for calcium oxide (CaO) production. This study investigates the effect of calcination temperature on the characteristics of calcium-based materials derived from P. maxima shells and evaluates their suitability as candidate materials for water quality control. Shell powders were calcined at 500 °C, 600 °C, and 700 °C for 5 h, producing samples labeled CC500, CC600, and CC700. The resulting materials were characterized through organoleptic analysis, acid–base titration, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) to assess physical properties, residual CaCO₃ content, crystalline phases, and microstructural parameters. The results showed that increasing calcination temperature significantly influenced material characteristics. CC700 exhibited a lighter color, finer and more homogeneous texture, and the lowest CaCO₃ content (68.74%), indicating more effective thermal decomposition. XRD analysis revealed dominant calcite phases in all samples, with decreasing aragonite intensity and reduced crystallinity (35.81%) at higher temperature, accompanied by increased crystal size and microstrain. These findings demonstrate that controlled calcination temperature is a critical factor governing CaCO₃ decomposition and structural evolution in P. maxima shell-derived materials. Calcination at approximately 700 °C represents an effective threshold for producing CaO with physicochemical characteristics favorable for water quality control applications in fisheries and aquaculture. The study provides baseline data supporting the sustainable valorization of pearl oyster shell waste within circular economy frameworks.
Analisis perubahan densitas dan viskositas minyak goreng bekas sebelum dan sesudah proses transesterifikasi secara termodinamika Ningrum, Resti Ayu; Salawali, Rismul Trianto; Silvany, Rika; Rizky, Putri
ORBITA: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Ilmu Fisika Vol 12, No 1 (2026): May
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31764/orbita.v12i1.39194

Abstract

Used cooking oil is a household waste that poses a significant environmental hazard if not properly managed. One promising approach to its utilization is transesterification, which converts the oil into biodiesel with physical properties that are more suitable for fuel applications. This study aimed to investigate the thermodynamic changes in the density and viscosity of used cooking oil before and after the transesterification process under different pH conditions and to determine the most efficient reaction condition based on the Gibbs free energy of activation (ΔG‡). A laboratory experimental design was employed using used cooking oil as the raw material. The oil was subjected to transesterification at five different pH levels (6, 7, 8, 9, and 10). The research samples consisted of untreated used cooking oil and the methyl ester products obtained after transesterification under each pH condition. A convenience sampling technique was applied. Density was measured using a pycnometer, whereas viscosity was determined using a viscometer. Thermodynamic parameters were subsequently calculated from the experimental data. Quantitative data analysis was performed by comparing the density and viscosity values before and after transesterification and by calculating the Gibbs free energy of activation (ΔG‡) for each pH condition. The results demonstrated that the density of used cooking oil decreased from 0.908 g/cm³ to 0.870–0.872 g/cm³, corresponding to a reduction of 0.028–0.042 g/cm³. Similarly, viscosity decreased markedly from 27 cP to 4.1–6.2 cP, representing a reduction of 20.8–22.9 cP. Thermodynamic analysis revealed that the Gibbs free energy of activation (ΔG‡) ranged from 99.84 to 102.17 kJ mol-1. The reductions in density and viscosity indicate that the transesterification process successfully converted used cooking oil into methyl esters (biodiesel) with physicochemical properties that more closely comply with fuel quality standards. Furthermore, pH significantly influenced the reaction rate and system stability during transesterification. Among the investigated conditions, pH 9 yielded the lowest Gibbs free energy of activation (99.84 kJ mol-1), indicating the most thermodynamically favorable and efficient reaction condition.

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