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ORBITA: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Ilmu Fisika
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram
ISSN : 24609587     EISSN : 26147017     DOI : https://doi.org/10.31764/orbita.v8i2.10197
Core Subject : Science, Education,
Education Physics
ORBITA: Jurnal Kajian, Inovasi, dan Aplikasi Pendidikan Fisika invites and welcomes the submission of advanced research and review papers, innovations and developed selected conference papers that have never been previously publicized. This journal provides publications and a forum to the academics, scholars and advanced level students for exchanging significant information and productive ideas associated with all these disciplines. The relevant topics of the latest progressive findings or developments will be taken seriously into consideration, the topics covered by the journals include: Physics Education : Physics learning innovation; Physics learning methods, models, and approaches; Physics learning media; ICT in Physics learning; Physics learning evaluation and assesment; Etnophysics. Ecophysics Applied Physics : Theoretical and computational physics; Instrumentation physics; Geophysics; Material Physics; Biophysics and Medical Physics.
Arjuna Subject : Fisika dan Astronomi - Fisika dan Astronomi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 283 Documents
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Exploration of physics principles in bola rai' design based on local knowledge Fajriyani, Fajriyani; Anugra, Novia; Fadila, Fadila; Putri, Amelia
ORBITA: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Ilmu Fisika Vol 11, No 1 (2025): May
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31764/orbita.v11i1.31672

Abstract

Exploration of Physics Principles in Bola Rai' Design Based on Local Knowledge. This study aims to explore the application of physics principles in the design of Bola Rai’, a floating house constructed based on local knowledge of the community around Lake Tempe. The research employs a qualitative descriptive approach, utilizing interviews, observations, and documentation techniques in Dusun Salomate, Limpomajang Village, Soppeng Regency. Primary data from interviews and observations were supplemented with secondary sources from literature. The analysis reveals that the design of Bola Rai’ applies physics principles such as Archimedes' principle, hydrostatic pressure, weight, and pressure within the raft structure. Additional physics concepts are applied to the house’s pillars, including weight, Newton's laws, and pressure. The walls demonstrate principles of aerodynamics, heat transfer, thermal conductivity, and Pascal’s law, while the roof structure incorporates principles of pressure, weight, and thermal conductivity. The study concludes that physics principles have been effectively integrated into the design of Bola Rai’ through the adaptation of local knowledge, suggesting its potential as a source for contextual physics learning.
Optimizing bladder volume to minimize OAR dose in cervical cancer HDR intracavitary brachytherapy: an experimental and analytical dosimetric investigation Ariani, Tami Oktavia; Wirawan, Rahadi; Marzuki, Marzuki; Subroto, Rinarto; Makmur, I Wayan Ari; Qomariyah, Nurul
ORBITA: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Ilmu Fisika Vol 11, No 2 (2025): November
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31764/orbita.v11i2.35552

Abstract

This study aims to determine the optimal bladder volume that can balance the dose distribution to the organs-at-risk (OARs), specifically the bladder and rectum, and to analyze the relationship between variations in bladder volume and the dose received by these two organs during high-dose-rate (HDR) brachytherapy. Six bladder volume variations, namely empty, 100 cc, 150 cc, 200 cc, 250 cc, and 300 cc, were used to analyze the correlation between bladder volume and the radiation dose received by the bladder and rectum. An experimental approach was employed by observing the dose point distribution and the D2cc dose to both organs based on calculations from the Treatment Planning System (TPS), which were then compared with analytical calculations using a quadratic polynomial regression model via the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) method. In general, the bladder point dose and D2cc dose increased with increasing bladder volume; however, the rectal dose demonstrated very high stability (90-100 cGy). Based on the variations in bladder volume, the optimal volume was 100 cc, as it protects the bladder by minimizing dose distribution and stabilizes the dose to the rectum. The statistical analysis results showed that the quadratic regression model had a high goodness-of-fit to the experimental data, with a coefficient of determination (R²) value of 0.92.
A development of an IoT-based temperature-TDS monitoring system for shrimp cultivation pond Akhyar, Halil; Budianto, Arif; Rahayu, Susi; Alaydrus, Alfina Taurida; Anggriani, Ni Ketut; Wardi, Palaivia Harman; Pranahita, Dewa Dwi; Andini, Mira
ORBITA: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Ilmu Fisika Vol 11, No 2 (2025): November
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31764/orbita.v11i2.36423

Abstract

High-quality water resources are important parameters for the sustainability of human civilization, the health of ecosystems, and the advancement of vital sectors. High-quality water is also needed for shrimp cultivation ponds. However, water-quality monitoring in the estuary is limited. In line with this, this study focuses on the design and implementation of an IoT-based TDS and temperature measurement system for estuarine water, aiming to develop an efficient, accurate, and automated prototype to support the fisheries sector in West Lombok regency. This study used a microcontroller, temperature and TDS (total dissolved solids) sensors, a wireless router, and a display. These elements were developed as a water-quality-level monitoring system based on TDS and temperature. The system was calibrated using a standard comparator before being examined under real conditions. The calibration procedure was conducted inside a controlled chamber at a water temperature of 25°C for 60 minutes, with a steady flow rate. All procedures were repeated three times and tested using a Student’s t-test. The IoT platform was tested using RSSI values with a 2s update interval. The calibration data were interpreted as a linear function between the standard and the developed system. The resulting design shows that the developed system can be installed at a shrimp cultivation pond with good performance. The designed system has a linearity of more than 90%. The system has a reliable accuracy level over 30 consecutive measurement days, resulting in the percentages of 85% to 93% (average = 91%). It can be concluded that IoT data communication via a wireless internet router performs well, with RSSI> -50 dBm for both sending and receiving. The IoT platform using ThingSpeak shows good performance (good stability), with a 2-second interval between data updates.
Integration of magnus thermodynamic parameters and machine learning algorithms in rainfall prediction Aprilia, Ayu; Zakiya, Hanifah; Pauzi, Gurum Ahmad; Supriyanto, Amir; Syafriadi, Syafriadi
ORBITA: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Ilmu Fisika Vol 11, No 2 (2025): November
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31764/orbita.v11i2.34505

Abstract

Atmospheric physics is very useful in predicting rainfall, particularly for analyzing air saturation conditions as a prerequisite for condensation. This study aims to model rainfall prediction using thermodynamic parameters, namely relative humidity (RH) and dew point temperature difference (ΔT). These parameters were collected from BMKG Lampung meteorological data (2022–2024) and processed using the Magnus equation. ΔT is important as a sensitive indicator of air unsaturation. The data were statistically analyzed and modeled using a Gradient Boosting Classifier. The results obtained indicate a strong correlation between RH and ΔT and rainfall events (point-biserial correlation of 0.475). Furthermore, ΔT during rainfall is lower (average 2.87°C) and stable, indicating near-saturation conditions. During the evaluation stage, the model achieved 76% accuracy and 84% recall during rainfall. The model's good performance proves the effectiveness of physical parameters as predictive features. Finally, the model was implemented in a Flask-based web application for practical accessibility.
Development of a basic physics practical guide with PhET interactive simulation on the topic of kinematics and dynamics Puspitasari, Wahyu Dwi; Febrinita, Filda; Andrea, Tarra Hyuga
ORBITA: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Ilmu Fisika Vol 11, No 2 (2025): November
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31764/orbita.v11i2.35290

Abstract

Due to the lack of practical tools for supporting Basic Physics lecture activities, lecturers have turned to PhET Interactive Simulations. However, there is currently no guide to help lecturers and students conduct practical activities using these simulations. This research aimed to develop a guidebook for Basic Physics practicum activities utilizing PhET, evaluated by experts and small-scale users for feasibility. The research followed Borg and Gall’s R&D model, consisting of: (1) data collection, (2) planning, (3) product development, (4) product validation, (5) product revision, and (6) product trials. Data were gathered through observation, interviews, and questionnaires. Product validation was carried out by three experts—one each in material, media, and language. A small-scale product trial involved five randomly-selected students from the 2024/2025 Academic Year. Validation and trial data were analyzed by comparing scores to the maximum possible per question. The resulting product was a basic physics practicum guide using PhET for kinematics and dynamics. Expert validation indicated: (1) very worthy (3.88) by the material expert; (2) worthy (3.12) by the media expert; and (3) very worthy (3.80) by the language expert. The small-scale trial produced an average feasibility score of 3.33. Further research should include large-scale trials of the guide.
Evaluation of the influence of factors on CTDIvol and CNR in CT-Scan thorax procedures Sari, Nadhia Nortania; Fendriani, Yoza; Pujaningsih, Febri Berthalita
ORBITA: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Ilmu Fisika Vol 11, No 2 (2025): November
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31764/orbita.v11i2.35562

Abstract

This study investigates the effect of exposure parameter variations in CT-Scan on image quality and radiation dose during thoracic examinations. The exposure parameters analyzed were tube voltages of 80, 100, and 120 kV, along with tube currents of 100, 200, and 300 mA. A quantitative approach was employed using a Cannon TOS air phantom at the Radiology Department of Bhayangkara Hospital Jambi with a Toshiba 16-slice CT-Scan unit. Radiation dose was obtained from CTDIvol  values displayed on the CT console, while image quality was evaluated using the Contrast to Noise Ratio (CNR) calculated with RadiAnt DICOM Viewer software. The research method included obtaining the Computed Tomography Dose Index volume (CTDIvol) directly from the scanner console for each exposure setting, while the Contrast-to-Noise Ratio (CNR) was calculated by measuring the mean intensity of the region of interest (ROI) on the phantom and the standard deviation of the background area to quantify image contrast relative to noise. The findings demonstrate that both tube voltage and current strongly influence CTDIvol and CNR. Higher exposure settings increased radiation dose, with several combinations exceeding the recommended safety threshold. At 100 mA, all tube voltages remained below the BAPETEN regulatory limit of 11 mGy for non-contrast thoracic scans. Similarly, 200 mA at 80 and 100 kV remained within safe limits, while 200 mA at 120 kV slightly exceeded the threshold. Doses rose markedly at 300 mA, particularly at 120 kV, reaching values far above the permissible limit.
Pengembangan LKPD berbasis learning cycle 7E pada materi suhu dan kalor Siti Nurhafiza; Erniwati Halawa
ORBITA: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Ilmu Fisika Vol 12, No 1 (2026): May (In Progress)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31764/orbita.v12i1.38809

Abstract

AbstractStudents’ low achievement in physics learning is often caused by the use of conventional teaching modules and instructional methods, which tend to make students easily bored and unable to fully understand the material. This condition indicates the need for more innovative learning media that can actively engage students and help them better comprehend the topics being taught. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a Learning Cycle 7E-based Student Worksheet (LKPD) that meets the criteria of validity, practicality, and effectiveness in improving students’ learning outcomes on the topic of temperature and heat. This study employed a Research and Development (R&D) method using the ADDIE model, which consists of the analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation stages. The trial involved 9 students of class XI-2 for the small-group test and 35 students of class XI-1 for the large-group test, selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected through validation sheets completed by material and media experts, practicality questionnaires from teachers and students, as well as pretests and posttests to measure improvements in learning outcomes. The results showed that the developed LKPD was feasible for use in physics learning. The material expert validation obtained a score of 79% (valid category), while the media expert validation reached 87.5% (very valid category). In terms of practicality, the small-group trial achieved an average score of 76% and the large-group trial achieved 83.1%, both categorized as very practical. Furthermore, there was a significant improvement in students’ learning outcomes, indicated by the increase in the average pretest score from 35.5 to 89.8 in the posttest, with an N-gain score of 0.84 (high category). Thus, the Learning Cycle 7E-based LKPD for the topic of temperature and heat was declared feasible because it was proven to be valid, practical, and effective in supporting physics learning.Keywords: LKPD; learning cycle 7E; ADDIE; temperature and heat; learning outcomesAbstrakRendahnya prestasi belajar fisika siswa seringkali disebabkan oleh penggunaan modul dan metode mengajar yang masih tradisional yang kerap membuat siswa cepat bosan dan sulit memahami materi secara menyeluruh. Kondisi seperti ini menunjukkan bahwa perlu ada alat bantu belajar yang lebih kreatif, agar siswa bisa terlibat aktif dan lebih mudah menyerap setiap topik yang diajarkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik (LKPD) berbasis Learning Cycle 7E yang memenuhi kriteria valid, praktis, dan efektif dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar pada materi suhu dan kalor. Metode yang dipakai adalah Research and Development (R&D) dengan model ADDIE, yang meliputi tahap analisis, desain, pengembangan, implementasi, dan evaluasi. Uji coba melibatkan 9 siswa kelas XI-2 untuk kelompok kecil dan 35 siswa kelas XI-1 untuk kelompok besar, yang dipilih secara purposive sampling. Data dikumpulkan melalui lembar validasi oleh ahli materi dan ahli media, angket kepraktisan dari guru dan siswa, serta pretest dan posttest untuk melihat peningkatan hasil belajar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa LKPD yang dikembangkan layak digunakan. Penilaian dari ahli materi memperoleh skor 79% (kriteria valid), sedangkan dari ahli media mencapai 87.5% (sangat valid). Dari segi kepraktisan, uji coba kelompok kecil mendapat rata-rata 76% dan kelompok besar 83.1%, keduanya dalam kategori sangat praktis. Selain itu, terjadi peningkatan hasil belajar yang signifikan, ditunjukkan oleh nilai rata-rata pretest 35.5 menjadi 89.8 pada posttest, dengan skor N-gain sebesar 0.84 (kategori tinggi). Dengan demikian, LKPD berbasis Learning Cycle 7E untuk materi suhu dan kalor dinyatakan layak karena terbukti valid, praktis, dan efektif dalam mendukung pembelajaran fisika.Kata kunci: LKPD; learning cycle 7E; ADDIE; suhu dan kalor; hasil belajar
Studi literatur: aplikasi dan potensi graphene sebagai material maju Andrian Rian; Fatimah Arofiati Noor
ORBITA: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Ilmu Fisika Vol 12, No 1 (2026): May (In Progress)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31764/orbita.v12i1.39130

Abstract

AbstractThe development of advanced materials has led to the emergence of graphene as an innovative material with broad potential across various technological fields. This study aims to examine the characteristics, applications, advantages, and limitations of graphene through a narrative review approach. The methodology involved a literature analysis of relevant scientific publications published between 2015 and 2026, focusing on applications in electronics, energy, environmental technology, biomedicine, and construction. The review findings indicate that graphene possesses outstanding properties, including high electrical conductivity, exceptional mechanical strength, a large specific surface area, and remarkable flexibility, making it highly suitable for a wide range of modern technological applications. The discussion reveals that graphene plays a significant role in enhancing the performance of electronic devices, energy storage systems, wastewater treatment technologies, and biosensor development. However, several challenges remain, including high production costs, difficulties in large-scale synthesis, and variations in material characteristics. In conclusion, graphene demonstrates considerable potential as a next-generation material; however, further research and technological development are required to address existing challenges and facilitate its widespread industrial implementation.Keywords: graphene; applications; characteristics; nanotechnology; advanced materials.AbstrakPerkembangan material maju telah mendorong munculnya graphene sebagai salah satu material inovatif dengan potensi luas dalam berbagai bidang teknologi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji karakteristik, aplikasi, serta keunggulan, dan keterbatasan graphene melalui pendekatan narrative review. Metodologi yang digunakan adalah analisis literatur dari berbagai sumber ilmiah yang relevan dalam rentang tahun 2015 hingga 2026, dengan fokus pada bidang elektronik, energi, lingkungan, biomedis, dan konstruksi. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa graphene memiliki sifat unggul seperti konduktivitas listrik tinggi, kekuatan mekanik luar biasa, luas permukaan besar, serta fleksibilitas yang mendukung berbagai aplikasi teknologi modern. Dalam pembahasan ditemukan bahwa graphene berperan penting dalam meningkatkan efisiensi perangkat elektronik, penyimpanan energi, pengolahan limbah, serta pengembangan biosensor. Namun demikian, terdapat beberapa keterbatasan seperti biaya produksi tinggi, kesulitan sintesis skala besar, serta variasi karakteristik material. Kesimpulannya, graphene memiliki potensi besar sebagai material masa depan, namun memerlukan pengembangan lebih lanjut untuk mengatasi berbagai kendala yang ada serta mendukung implementasi secara luas dalam industri.Kata kunci: graphene; aplikasi; karakteristik; nanoteknologi; material maju
Analisis miskonsepsi siswa berbasis artificial intelligence pada materi suhu dan kalor Nurul Hasanah; Sabani Sabani
ORBITA: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Ilmu Fisika Vol 12, No 1 (2026): May (In Progress)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31764/orbita.v12i1.38887

Abstract

AbstractThis study aimed to analyze the level and patterns of misconceptions among eleventh-grade students on the topic of temperature and heat, involving 200 respondents from SMA Negeri 1 Percut Sei Tuan, MAN 2 Model Medan, and SMA PAB 4 Sampali, as well as to examine the effectiveness of an Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based diagnostic assessment. Misconceptions often arise from students’ everyday experiences that are not scientifically grounded, while manual identification of misconceptions tends to be time-consuming and inefficient. The study employed a mixed-methods approach with a sequential exploratory design. The instruments used included teacher interviews, an AI-based two-tier diagnostic test, and student and teacher response questionnaires. Data analysis involved quantitative descriptive analysis to determine the percentage of students’ conceptual understanding and qualitative analysis to identify misconception patterns based on combinations of answers and reasoning. The findings revealed that 31% of students demonstrated proper conceptual understanding, 46% experienced dominant misconceptions, and 23% lacked conceptual understanding. The dominant misconceptions were related to the concepts of temperature and heat, heat transfer, thermal equilibrium, and phase changes. The AI-based diagnostic assessment proved effective in rapidly identifying misconceptions and providing consistent feedback. In addition, student responses were categorized as very good (74.99%), while teacher responses were categorized as very good (81.94%). Therefore, AI-based diagnostic assessment has strong potential to improve adaptive, data-driven physics evaluation practices.Keywords: misconceptions; artificial intelligence; two-tier diagnostic test; temperature and heat.AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis tingkat dan pola miskonsepsi siswa kelas XI dengan responden sebanyak 200 dari SMA Negeri 1 Percut Sei Tuan, MAN 2 Model Medan, dan SMA PAB 4 Sampali pada materi suhu dan kalor, serta mengkaji efektivitas asesmen diagnostik berbasis Artificial Intelligence (AI); miskonsepsi sering muncul dari pengalaman sehari-hari tanpa landasan ilmiah dan identifikasi manual memakan waktu lama. Menggunakan pendekatan mixed-methods desain sequential exploratory dengan instrumen wawancara guru, tes diagnostik dua tingkat (two-tier) berbasis AI, serta angket respon siswa-guru, analisis data mencakup deskriptif kuantitatif untuk persentase pemahaman konsep dan kualitatif untuk pola miskonsepsi berdasarkan kombinasi jawaban-alasan; hasil menunjukkan 31% paham konsep, 46% miskonsepsi dominan (pola utama: suhu-kalor, perpindahan panas, keseimbangan termal, perubahan fase), 23% tidak paham, dengan AI efektif identifikasi cepat dan umpan balik konsisten; respon siswa sangat baik (74,99%) dan guru sangat baik (81,94%), sehingga asesmen AI berpotensi tingkatkan evaluasi fisika adaptif berbasis data.Kata kunci: miskonsepsi; artificial intelligence; tes diagnostik two-tier; suhu dan kalor.
Analysis of the need for e-comic development of light and optics material based on problem-based learning for students' learning styles Rizki Dwika Septiarini; Atika Anggraini
ORBITA: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Ilmu Fisika Vol 12, No 1 (2026): May (In Progress)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31764/orbita.v12i1.39035

Abstract

Education in the 21st century requires integration with digital technology to create engaging learning experiences aligned with students’ learning styles. However, students often experience difficulties in understanding light and optics due to conventional teaching methods and limited learning media. This study aims to analyze the need for developing problem-based learning (PBL)-based e-comics on light and optics materials that suit students’ learning styles. This research used a descriptive qualitative approach involving 32 students of class 8B at MTsN 6 Kediri and one science teacher. Data were collected through questionnaires to identify learning styles and interviews to examine learning difficulties and teaching practices. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive analysis of questionnaire and interview results.The results showed that students had difficulty understanding light and optics because learning was still conventional, physics was considered difficult, and media were not varied. Questionnaire results indicated that students tended to have visual learning styles. E-comics are appropriate as they present material through contextual visual stories and interactive elements, and can be integrated with PBL to support problem-solving and conceptual understanding. The findings indicate a strong need to develop PBL-based e-comics as an innovative learning medium that supports visual learning styles and improves students’ understanding. 

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