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INDONESIA
JOURNAL OF COASTAL DEVELOPMENT
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
ISSN : 14105217     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Education,
Education
The Journal of Coastal Development (ISSN 1410-5217) is dedicated to all aspects of the increasingly important fields of coastal and marine development, including but not limited to biological, chemical, cultural, economic, social, medical, and physical development. The journal is jointly published by the Research Institute of Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia and Indonesian Assosiation of Oceanologist (ISOI).
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 328 Documents
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MARINE INVERTEBRATE-ASSOCIATED BACTERIA IN CORAL REEF ECOSYSTEMS AS A NEW SOURCE OF BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS ocky radjasa
JOURNAL OF COASTAL DEVELOPMENT Vol 7, No 2 (2004): Volume 7, Number 2, Year 2004
Publisher : JOURNAL OF COASTAL DEVELOPMENT

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Abstract

Coral reefs are the most species-rich environments in the oceans. Reefs cover 0.2% of the ocean’s area and yet they provide home to one-third of marine fishes and to tens of thousands of other species. Coral reefs provide essential fish habitat, support endangered and threatened species, and harbor protected marine mammals. Despite the obvious ecological value of these habitats, most coral reefs around the world, including Indonesia’s, are threatened or already being destroyed by human activities. The search for bio-active compounds extracted from coral reef invertebrates which is emerging as an area of increasing interest among biotechnological companies, further threatens the integrity of the reef ecosystem. It would be of great interest to find alternative sources of these compounds, in order to preserve this precious environment and also to obtain higher amounts of these bi-active molecules. Increasing observations suggest that a number of bio-active metabolites obtained from invertebrates are in fact produced by associated microorganisms: this has prompted research into the rapidly expanding field of study of metabolites derived from microorganisms associated with reef invertebrates. The possibility to culture relevant microorganisms in bioreactors would enable the production of large amounts of the bio-molecules of interest, at the same time preserving the marine ecosystem from exploitation.
EMPOWERING COASTAL COMMUNITY BY IMPLEMENTING NATURAL RESOURCES MANAGEMENT (Case study in Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia) La Sara; Abdul Hamid; Safilu .
JOURNAL OF COASTAL DEVELOPMENT Vol 14, No 3 (2011): Volume 14, Number 3, Year 2011
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Abstract

Economic crisis in 1997-1998 had brought about the emergence of problems of coastal communities in Indonesia, including those in Southeast Sulawesi. Most of the problems still have taken place at present, leading to the degradation of ecosystem services for natural resources. Development activities in various sectors done through unsustainable practices of utilization of natural resources have contributed to increased environmental degradation , which resulted in drastically decreased on fish population. Recently, the government and people are aware that integrated natural resources of coastal and marine management have to be set based on scientific approach. There have been several strategies formulated. Among them is integrated coastal zone management, but unfortunately it has been using top down approach. Hence, local community has no access to the programs. The effective implementation of empowerment should involve all stakeholders who have access to the coastal resources. The objectives of this work were to reduce gradually coastal resources degradation, to change fishermen behavior using illegal fishing, and to create new job using natural resources. This work was implemented in Lasongko Bay of Buton island. The present work is formulated to reduce social economic problems, which has strong correlation with environmental degradation. The programs were formulated by local community in several discussion forums based on identification of their natural resources. To alleviate poverty, rehabilitation of environmental degradation was done first which consisted of planting mangrove seeds along shoreline of the bay and establishing marine protected area. Another program implemented was fish and seaweed cultures to improve community income. The local community in groups took full participation and involvement in all programs implemented due to the role of religion and traditional figures and youth leaders. To achieve the objectives and goals of the programs, each group had a leader and held monthly meeting to discuss strategies for better life. All programs implemented showed better hope for the future due to active participation of local community in maintaining all programs of environment rehabilitation. Similarly, activities of improving income also showed better production.
THE ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACTS OF INDUSTRIALIZATION: LESSON FROM CENTRAL JAVA Sudharto P. Hadi
JOURNAL OF COASTAL DEVELOPMENT Vol 1, No 1 (1997): Volume 1, Number 1, Year 1997
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Abstract

In many developing countries, industrialization is considered as the best way to achieve the economic progress. The general pattern of long-term development of Indonesia’s fifth five year development plan is expected to bring about fundamental changes in the economic structure from agriculture to industrialization. A policy of encouraging industrialization is considered as a means of stimulating the national rate of economic growth, providing employment opportunities and raising the general standard of living of the poor. To support this policy, each municipal government is encouraged to build industrial zones intended to attract and facilities foreign and domestic investors. This research is to identify the environmental and social impacts of industrialization by using two different places of industrial zone as case studies. The impacts studied include environments, socio-economic and socio-cultural. Industrialization as a strategy for economic development has been successful in terms of its contribution to improve Gross Domestic Product (GDP). The industrial sector could create employment opportunities to a particular segment of the population: young, single females. Industrial activities do not create much value added for local people. In fact, local people are adversely affected, threatened by job loss and decrease of daily income. The environment consequences emerged include floods, lack of clean water, water pollution, air pollution, odour, dust, and noise. The indication of social impact is weakening  community ties. The household associations in impacted villages are likely to conduct regular meeting as was previously was the habit.
APPLICATION OF BIOAUGMENTATION TO SOLVE AMMONIA IN THE SEDIMENT OF THE CULTURE MEDIUM OF TIGER SHRIMP (Penaeus monodon F.) IN DIFFERENT SALINITIES S. Sarjito
JOURNAL OF COASTAL DEVELOPMENT Vol 13, No 1 (2009): Volume 13, Number 1, Year 2009
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Abstract

Bioaugmentation was used to solve the ammonia problem, because this method is relatively safe to theenvironment. The objective of this research was to determine the influence and effectiveness ofbioaugmentation on the reduction of ammonia in the sediment in culture medium of Tiger shrimp (P.monodon). Laboratory scale experiment and splitted plot randomized design was performed. The maintreatment was probiotic epicin concentration of 0; 0.5; 1.0; and 1 ppm; as sub-treatment was the salinity(20; 25 and 30 ppt), and as a group was dayobservation (0; 2; 4 and 6). Sediment from intensive culturesystem was taken from brackish water pond of Brackishwater Aquaculture Development Project (BADP),Jepara. Sediment ammonia was analyzed using methods of Parson et al.,(1989). The research was conducted at hatchery of Fisheries and Marine Science Faculty of Diponegoro University, Teluk Awur, Jepara. The result indicated that bioaugmentation was able to reduce ammonia concentration in the sediment. Epicin has high significantly effected on the reduction of ammonia in the sediment (p<0.01). Thecapability of epicin as a bioaugmentation started on the day of 2. Therefore, the results also showed that a time (day) was highly significant affect on the reduction of ammonia in the sediment (p<0.01). However, salinity did not affect on the reduction of ammonia in the sediment (p>0.05). The most effective epicin dose to reduce ammonia in the sediment of the culture medium of Tiger shrimp (P. monodon) was 1.5 ppm.
OSMOTIC RESPONSES OF SEGARA ANAKAN FINE SHRIMP (Metapenaeus elegans) ADULTS IN VARIOUS SALINITY AND MOLTING STAGES Sutrisno Anggoro; S ubandiyono
JOURNAL OF COASTAL DEVELOPMENT Vol 15, No 3 (2012): Volume 15, Number 3, Year 2012
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Abstract

A research on eco-physiological characteristics of fine shrimp (Metapenaeus elegans) with special emphasis on the osmotic responses and isosmotic medium requirement for adult spawners in various molting stages was conducted.  Adult stocks of M. elegans origin from the Segara Anakan lagunas of the South West of Central Java region were collected and used as experimental shrimps.  The shrimps were hold in three 500 l-acclimation tanks and treated according to Anggoro and Nakamura’s method.  The seawater salinity level in the tank 1, 2, and 3 was 25, 28, and 22 ppt, respectively.  Osmotic response of the shrimps was examined during 3 molting stages, i.e. pre-molt/ post-molt, molt, and inter-molt phases by using an automatic microosmometer Roebling.  The results showed that osmotic responses were closely related to the salinity of water medium and molting stages.  It was also found that the minimum osmotic works of fine shrimp occurred in isosmotic medium, i.e. 16 to 20 ppt for post-molt, 28 to 30 ppt for molt, and 22 to 25 ppt for inter-molt stages.  It was concluded that the range of isosmotic media for the adult of fine shrimp was 22 to 28 ppt or equals to 642.06 to 817.31 mOsm/l H2O.
GIS-ASSISTED COASTAL ZONE PLANNING Hans J.B. Rooseboom
JOURNAL OF COASTAL DEVELOPMENT Vol 2, No 1 (1998): Volume 2, Number 1, Year 1998
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Abstract

In this paper we opine that a geographic information system can provide essential and much needed support to integrate coastal and marine resource management, provided, however, that a number of preconditions have been met. Detailed and highly accurate geo-referenced digital data are available to the coastal zone manager. If required, sub meter accuracy can be introduced into the planning process. We would, however, like to propound that the most effective mapping scale for integrated coastal and marine resource management (in Indonesia) is 1:250.000, which would hardly warrant sub-meter accuracy. The necessity to include the motivations and activities of multitude of stakeholders further diminishes the need for detailed and sophisticated systems, as their disorderly, random and often haphazard behavior defies attempts at accurate modeling. We therefore believe that GIS for coastal resource management is best used as a system to monitor events, and to interpret the results there through querying the database by way of algorithmic as well as visual methods and techniques. The resulting information should then be presented as an easily accessible and friendly decision support tool to the coastal zone managers. A GIS, in other world, should be a management support tool, not a device to spout answers (decisions) derived from mathematical calculations performed on a “model” of the marine and coastal zone. By designing the system to monitor events and change at scale of 1:250.000, the managers would be forced to concentrate on the main trends and developments, and see the coastal zone in its relation to its wider surroundings. They would moreover avoid the collection and loading of superfluous details, which generally result in data-overload and system slow-downs, if not failures. And most importantly, a manager would be forced to use his creativity and imagination in guiding, directing and cotrolling the utilization of marine and coastal resources
SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF Thunnus.sp, VERTICAL AND HORIZONTAL SUB-SURFACE MULTILAYER TEMPERATURE PROFILES OF IN-SITU AGRO FLOAT DATA IN INDIAN OCEAN Agus Hartoko
JOURNAL OF COASTAL DEVELOPMENT Vol 14, No 1 (2010): Volume 14, Number 1, Year 2010
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Abstract

The study was the first ever attempt in fisheries oceanography sciences to explore the empiric correlationbetween the spatial distribution of tuna (Thunnus.sp) and sub-surface in-situ temperature data. By means ofoptimalization and use of an in-situ data of both vertical and horizontal which will be processed into amultilayer subsurface seawater temperature of ARGO Float in Indian ocean. So far only sea surfacetemperature (with temperature around 29 °C) data were used to look for the correlation for tuna spatialdistribution, while the Thunnus.sp swimming layer as widely known is in about 80 – 250m depth withseawater temperature between 15 – 23 °C. The noble character of ARGO Float data is as in-situ datarecorded directly by the sensors, transmitted to the satellite, transmitted to the ground station and ready to beused by researcher all over the world.In the study, about 216 seawater temperature coordinates of ARGOFloat and actual tuna catch data in the same day were used to represent the dry season (April – November2007) analysis, and about 90 data were used for the rainy season (December – March 2007). The actualtuna catch and its coordinates data were collected with permission from PT. Perikanan Samudra Besar,(PT.PSB) Benoa – Bali Indonesia. Then both seawater temperature and tuna data were processed using aKrigging method or spatial interpolation method.Based on a monthly actual tuna production by fishing fleetof PT.PSB operated in Indian Ocean indicates that there were two cycles of low catch in March and July andhigh catch in May and December 2007. In general, seawater temperature in depth of 80m, 100m, 150m and200m of the dry season was 2 °C warmer than those of the rainy season. Range of seawater temperature willdecrease due to the water depth, range of seawater temperature at depth of 150m was between 14 – 22 °Cand at depth of 200m between 12 – 20 °C. Based on the regression and correlation between tuna catch andseawater temperature revealed that seawater temperature at depth 150m has the highest coefficient ofcorrelation than to the seawater temperature at depth 100m and 200m.
THE ABILITY OF Chorella sp. ON REDUCING Zn CONSENTRATION OF SWEATER IN LABORATORY Tri Hastutiningsih; Tri Retnaningsih Soeprobowati; Hendarko Sugondo
JOURNAL OF COASTAL DEVELOPMENT Vol 3, No 2 (2000): Volume 3 Number 2 Year 2000
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Abstract

Research on the use of Chorella sp. on reducing of Zn concentrations was conducted in order to know Zn concentration which is maximally absorbed by Chorella sp. In the preliminary experiment, there was the range of Zn concentration that caused the highest population growth of Chorella sp. was 0.1 – 0.4 ppm. In the main experiment, it was divided into five concentrations and one control with three replications. Each of concentrations was treated on Chorella sp. culture with the first Zn concentration (0.0042 ppm) in the medium culture. Those concentrations were 0.05 ppm, 0.15 ppm, 0.35 ppm, 0.45 ppm. All of the concentrations were given on the day of 5. The density of cells which was used for each flask was 100,000 cells/ml. The fertilizers used for each flask were : ZA, Urea, TSP, FeCl3, EDTA. The result showed that there was an interaction between the population growth of Chorella sp. and the reducing of Zn concentration. The highest population growth of Chorella sp. was found in the treatment of 0.15 ppm Zn concentration.
SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL PATTERNS OF THE MACROBENTHIC ASSEMBLAGES IN RELATION TO ENVIRONMENTAL VARIABLES Sapto P Putro
JOURNAL OF COASTAL DEVELOPMENT Vol 10, No 3 (2007): Volume 10, Number 3, Year 2007
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Abstract

This study focuses on the effect of fallowing of southern blue-fin tuna farms in southern Spencer Gulf, South Australia, on macrobenthic assemblage comparing spatial and temporal patterns of distribution and abundance at eight control sites and eight fallowed pontoon sites, during the period October 2002 to October 2003. Two stations at each site were sampled five times throughout the year with four replicates. Polychaetes were the most abundant organisms both at control sites (76.4%) and fallowed pontoon sites (80.5%). Five dominant taxa (Capitellidae, Cirratullidae, Lumbrineridae, Nephtyidae, and Spionidae), relatively tolerant to organic enrichment, were generally recorded in higher numbers at the fallowed sites than at control sites.Assessed using univariate and multivariate analyses, a significant difference in abundance between the control and fallowed pontoon sites was found, which also showed a significant effect of time. A slight decreased in diversity, number of taxa, and evenness at fallowed pontoon sites compared to those at control sites was observed. Seasonal fluctuations caused by natural variability, especially hydrodynamic conditions and sediment characteristics, are likely to be responsible for the observed changes of the assemblages.
BUREAUCRATIC SUPPORT-RELATED FACTORS AND THEIR RELATIONSHIPS TO THE IMPLEMENTATION OF A DECENTRALISED FISHERIES EXTENSION IN JAVA, INDONESIA Waridin .
JOURNAL OF COASTAL DEVELOPMENT Vol 6, No 1 (2002): Volume 6, Number 1, Year 2002
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Abstract

This study is aimed to assess the relationships between bureaucratic support-related factors and the implementation of decentralisation policy in fisheries extension. Population of this study comprised fisheries extension officers (FEOs) at the Rural Extension Centres (RECs) in Java, Indonesia. A multi-stage random sampling method was used for selecting the subjects of the study. A total of 50 FEOs at 10 districts in three provinces were covered. Data were collected from January to March 1998 by using interview and self-administered techniques. Descriptive statistics and correlation analyses were applied. Decentralisation policy in fisheries extension was not effectively implemented at the local level. Effectiveness in programme planning, decision-making, resources utilisation, and provision of benefits were not implemented as expected by the policy objectives. As beneficiaries of services, fishers received little from the implementation of decentralised fisheries extension. The effectiveness of the policy implementation was positively and significantly correlated to the bureaucratic support-related factors, which comprised of support from district government bureaucracy and supervision as well as guidance from related agencies.

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