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ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences

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Published by Universitas Diponegoro

ISSN : 08537291 EISSN : 24067598 DOI : -

Core Subject : Science,

Earth & Planetary Sciences

ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences (IJMS) is dedicated to published highest quality of research papers and review on all aspects of marine biology, marine conservation, marine culture, marine geology and oceanography.

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Articles 743 Documents

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Padatan Tersuspensi Total di Perairan Pulau Kabaena, Muna dan Buton Helfinalis Helfinalis
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 13, No 2 (2008): Jurnal Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Kandungan padatan tersuspensi total di Pulau Kabaena, Muna dan Buton telah ditelitipadabulan April 2006 yang mewakili musim peralihan I dengan menggunakan Kapal Riset BarunaJaya VII. Perairan ini dipilih karena mempunyai sumber daya perikanan laut yang bemllai ekonomis. Air laut di pemnukaan dan pada kedalaman JO, 25, 50, 100, 150, 200 dan 300 m diambil dengan menggunakan botol niskin. Sampling dilakukan di 34, 10, 11, 3, 4, 6, 3 dan 9 stasiun masing-masing pada permukaan, dan kedalaman 10, 25, 50, 100, 150, 200 dan 300 m. Hasil penelitian menunjukan sebaran nilai total suspended solid secara keseluruhan masih lebih kecil dariperairan sekitar Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan serta nilai toleransi baku mutuyang telah ditetapkan oleh Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup. Nilai total suspended solid yang lebih rendah ini sangat bemnanfaat bag/' biota laut yang berada di sekitar perairan yang diteliti.Kata kunci: Total suspended solid, Kabaena, Muna, Buton

Characteristics of Diatoms in Strait of Rupat Riau (Karakteristik Diatom di Selat Rupat Riau) Chandrika Eka Larasati; Mujizat Kawaroe; Tri Prartono
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 20, No 4 (2015): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Selat Rupat merupakan selat kecil yang berdekatan dengan Selat Malaka yang memiliki berbagai macam aktivitas antropogenik. Tekanan dari aktivitas tersebut dapat menyebabkan perubahan kondisi lingkungan perairan sehingga dapat berpengaruh pada organisme laut khususnya kelimpahan diatom. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis karakteristik lingkungan perairan yang memengaruhi kelimpahan diatom di permukaan Perairan Selat Rupat. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Selat Rupat Riau dengan 5 stasiun yang berbeda karakteristik lingkungannya pada saat pasang dan surut. Parameter yang diukur, yaitu: nitrat, fosfat, silikat, ammonia, intensitas cahaya, salinitas, Pb, minyak dan lemak, serta kelimpahan jenis diatom. Analisis komponen utama (PCA) digunakan untuk menganalisis keterkaitan parameter fisika kimia perairan dengan kelimpahan diatom. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 11 jenis diatom yang ditemukan selama penelitian. Kelimpahan diatom yang memiliki nilai tertinggi saat pasang dan surut adalah Coscinodiscus (10693-197160 sel.m-3 saat pasang dan 8020-186466 sel.m-3 saat surut) dan Skeletonema (40769-106266 selm-3 saat pasang dan 30744-145029 sel.m-3 saat surut). Kandungan NO3 (0.081-0.142 mg.L-1 saat pasang dan 0.090-0.235 mg.L-1 saat surut), SiO2 (0.054-0.075 mg.L-1 saat pasang dan 0.056-0.120 mg.L-1 saat surut), arus (0.3-0.5 m.det-1 saat pasang dan 0.4-0.6 m.det-1 saat surut), dan intensitas cahaya (37-113 lx saat pasang dan 37-233 lx saat surut). Parameter fisika kimia perairan tersebut, memiliki pengaruh yang besar terhadap kelimpahan diatom. Aktivitas antropogenik memengaruhi kelimpahan diatom yang berdampak pada rantai makanan di ekosistem Perairan Selat Rupat sehingga perairan tersebut perlu dikelola dengan baik agar keseimbangan ekosistem perairan tetap terjaga. Kata kunci: antropogenik, diatom, nutrien, pasang surut, Selat Rupat Rupat Strait is one of small strait in Malacca Strait, which has a wide range of anthropogenic activities. The pressure of anthropogenic activities in Rupat Strait Riau could changed the conditions of aquatic environment which was took effects on marine organisms including an abundance of diatoms. This research was aimed to analyze the factors of physic and chemical of waters that affected an abundance of diatom on surface of water in Rupat Strait Riau. This research was conducted in Rupat Strait Riau at 5 stations with different environment characteristics during high and low tide. The measured parameters, consist of nitrate, phosphate, silicate, ammonia, light intensity, salinity, Pb, oils and fats, and then the abundance of diatoms. Principal component analysis (PCA) has used to analyze relations of physic and chemical of waters with abundance of diatoms. The study found 11 genus diatoms which has the highest value at high tide and low tide is Coscinodiscus, which ranged 10.693-197.160 sel.m-3 at high tide and 8.020-186.466 sel.m-3 at low tide, and Skeletonema (40.769-106.266 sel.m-3 at high tide and 30.744-145.029 sel.m-3 at low tide). The contents of NO3 ranged among (0.081–0.142 mg.L-1 at high tide and 0.090-0.235 mgL-1 at low tide), SiO2 ranged (0.054–0.075 mg.L-1 at high tide and from 0.056–0.120 mg.L-1 at low tide, the current ranged (0.3-0.5 m.s-1 at high tide and 0.4-0.6 m.s-1 at low tide), and light intensity ranged (37-113 lx at high tide and 37-233 lx at low tide). Those parameters of physics and chemical had contributions to an abundance of diatoms, but the tidal had no big effects to an abundance of diatoms. The anthropogenic activities had the effects to an abundance of diatoms that have impact on the food chain in aquatic ecosystem at Rupat Strait, so it needs to be managed well for maintain the balancing of aquatic ecosystem. Keywords: antropogenic, diatom, nutrient, tidal, Selat Rupat

Variasi Temporal dari Penyebaran Suhu di Muara Sungai Sario Wilhelmina Patty; Adrie Tarumingkeng
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 12, No 2 (2007): Jurnal Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Distribusi suhu dapat dipelajari dalam dua aspekyakni distribusi suhu permukaan dan struktur penyebarandari lapisan permukaan sampai ke dasarperairan. Suhu dapat digunakan sebagai indikator perubahan kondisiperairan. Faktor-faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi distribusi suhu adalah pertukaran panas, mekanismapengadukan dll. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mempelajari variasi temporal penyebaran suhu di muara sungai. Data diambilpada 2 periode umur bulan (Purnama dan Perbani Akhir). Pengambilan dilakukan pada 5 stasiun, masing-masing sebanyak 4 kali pengambilan (pukul 05.00, 09.00, 13.00 dan 17.00 Wita). Variasi suhu terlihatberbeda menurut kedalaman air dari 0.5 sampai 15 m. Hal ini berhubungan dengan radiasi sinar matahari, sirkuiasi permukaan laut dan variasipasang surut (kecepatan dan arah pasang surut)Kata kunci: Variasi suhu temporal, pasut, periode umur bulan, muara sungai.

Oxygen Consumption Rate of Polychaeta Nereis sp. Different Sizes and Type of Feed Eko Setio Wibowo; Endah Sri Palupi; I G A Ayu Ratna Puspitasari; Atang Atang
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 24, No 4 (2019): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Nereis sp. contains amino acids and unsaturated fatty acids that can improve the quality of gamete stem cells and the quality of the resulting larvae. Nereis sp. can increase gamete cell maturation in the parent shrimp up to 70%. This triggers the exploitation these worms excessively in nature since there are no cultivation efforts to meet their needs. This condition encourages research on the biological aspects of Nereis sp. to complement the information that can support the cultivation of the worms. This research was conducted on Nereis sp. from the Jeruklegi Cilacap area with different types of feed. This study aims to determine the metabolic rate of the worms Nereis sp. at different sizes by giving different types of feed. This research use immature Nereis sp. which was maintained at 15 ppt salinity with three different body weight (0.3-0.6 g; 1.1-1.3 g and 1.8-2.04 g) with three different types of feed (D0 feed, feed flour of Spirulina sp. and ornamental fish feed tetra blitsz). The study was conducted experimentally with a randomized block design (RBD) method with six replications. The results showed the rate of oxygen consumption of Nereis sp. influenced by the size and type of feed given (P<0.05). Nereis sp. with size of 0.3-0.6 gr indicates the highest metabolic rate. Nereis sp. fed with flour of Spirulina sp. shows the highest metabolic rate. Appropriate feed to support the growth of Nereis sp. is D0 and tetra blits (low fiber feed).

Pengaruh Salinitas Media Berbeda Terhadap Pertumbuhan Keong Macan (Babylonia spirata L.) Pada Proses Domestikasi (Effect of Different Media Salinity on the growth of Spotted Babylon (Babylonia spirata L.) During Domestication Process) Diana Rachmawati; Johannes Hutabarat; Sutrisno Anggoro
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 17, No 3 (2012): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Proses domestikasi sangat diperlukan dalam upaya optimalisasi budidaya keong macan (Babylonia spirata L., Neogastropoda, Buccinidae), sehingga kondisi optimum dari media yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan hidup (ekofisiologis) diketahui. Dalam media, salinitas merupakan salah satu faktor fisiologis yang berpengaruh terhadap pemanfaatan pakan dan pertumbuhan. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengkaji pengaruh salinitas media yang berbeda dan salinitas media terbaik terhadap tingkat kerja osmotik, pertumbuhan, kelulushidupan dan efisiensi pemanfaatan pakan keong Macan pada proses domestikasi. Keong Macan diperoleh dari perairan Jepara. Pakan yang diberikan adalah ikan Juwi (Anadontostoma chucunda) sebanyak 5 % bobot biomass/hari. Metode rancangan acak lengkap diterapkan dalam penelitian ini dengan perlakukan media salinitas 27 ppt (hipo-osmotik), 31 ppt (iso-osmotik) dan 35 ppt (heperosmotik). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa salinitas media yang berbeda pada proses domestikasi berpengaruh sangat nyata (P<0.01) terhadap tingkat kerja osmotik, pertumbuhan, efisiensi pemanfaatan pakan namun tidak berpengaruh nyata (P>0.05) terhadap kelulushidupan keong macan. Media isoosmotik dengan salinitas 31 ppt merupakan media terbaik bagi tingkat kerja osmotik, pertumbuhan, kelulushidupan dan efisiensi pemanfaatan pakan keong macan. Kualitas air media selama penelitian masih dalam kisaran yang layak bagi domestikasi keong macan.Kata kunci: Keong Macan, Babylonia spirata L., salinitas, domestikasi, tingkat kerja osmotikDomestication process is important factor prior to Spotted Babylon (Babylonia spirata L., Neogastropoda, Buccinidae) culture. The optimum condition of the media in accordance with the necessities of life (eco physiology) spotted Babylon for domestication is not been understood, therefore the present work was aimed to examine the influence of different media salinity on the level of osmotic performance, growth, survival rate and feed efficiency. Spotted Babylon were collected from Jepara waters and were fed with juwi fish (Anadontostoma chucunda) for 5% biomass weight/day. Three salinity medium were applied, ie. Hypo osmotic (27 ppt ), iso osmotic (31 ppt), and hyper osmotic (35 ppt). The result showed that salinity affected very significantly (P<0,01) on the level of osmotic work (TKO), growth, feed utilization efficiency but no effect (P>0,05) on survival rate of Spotted Babylon (B. spirata L .). The isoosmotic media (31 ppt) is the best for osmotic performance, growth, survival rate, and feed utilization efficiency spoted Babylon (B. spirata L .). Water quality media during the study were still within the appropriate range for the domestication of Spotted Babylon (B. spirata L.).Key words: Spotted Babylon, Babylonia spirata L., salinity, domestication, osmotic work

Keanekaragaman Jenis Ikan Karang di Perairan Belitung Barat, Kepulauan Bangka Belitung Ono Kurnaen Sumadhiharga; Asikin Djamali; M. Badrudin
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 11, No 4 (2006): Jurnal Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Kondisi terumbu karang dan keanekaragaman jenis ikan karang adalah dua yang tidak dapat dipisahkan. Hal tersebut diamati dalam kegiatan penelitian dengan metode LIT (Line Intercept Transect) di sekitar PulauKalimambang, Pulau Sekutai, Pantai Batu Itam, Pulau Keran dan Pulau Ake-ake yang merupakan kawasan perairan Belitung Barat. Pada penelitian ini secara keseluruhan telah ditemukan sebanyak 1.917 ekor ikan karang, yang terdiri dari 66 jenis berasal dari 18 famili. Jenis-jenis ikan karang ini terdiri dari 42 jenis ikan mayor (ikan hias), 21 jenis ikan target/pangan dan 3 jenis ikan indikator yaitu famili Chaetodontidae. Indeks kekayaan jenis di Pulau Sekutai 7,530; Pulau Kalimambang 9,129; Pantai Batu Itam 7,798; Pulau Keran 7,509; dan Pulau Ake-ake 5,924. Ikan target terdiri dari satu jenis ekor kuning (Caesionidae), satu jenis kerapu (Serranidae), tiga jenis Napoleon (Labridae), tiga jenis kakap merah (Lutjanidae), satu jenis kurisi (Nemipteridae), satu jenis bibir tebal (Haemulidae), empat jenis kakatua (Scaridae), empat jenis serak (Scolopsidae) dan tiga jenis beronang (Siganidae). Sebagian besar kondisi terumbu karang, persentase tutupan karang hidupnya relatif rendah (< 75 %), dan sudah berada dalam keadaan rusak. Terdapat satu jenis ikan indikator, yaitu Chaetodon octofasciatus yang cukup melimpah serta ditemukannya ikan Napoleon (Cheilinus undulatus) yang bernilai niaga tinggi dan dilindungi.Kata kunci: Ikan karang, keanekaragaman jenis, Belitung BaratCoral reefs condition and diversity of coral reef fishes in a certain waters provide an interrelated aspects that could not be separated. Research activities using Line Intercept Transect method have been carried out andcompleted in the waters around the islands of Kalimambang, Sekutai, Keran, Akeake and Tanjung Batu Hitam of the West Belitung. As a whole, a total of 1,917 individual fish from 66 species belong to 18 families hasbeen recorded. These include 42 species of major (ornamental) fishes, 21 species of target fishes and three species of indicator fishes of the family Chaetodontidae. The richness indeces of investigated areas in theWest Belitung waters were of calculated Sekutai Island 7.530; Kalimambang Island 9.129; Pantai Batu Itam 7.798; Keran Island 7.509; and Ake-ake Island 5.924. The target fishes as food-fish species consist of one species of yellowtail fusilier (Caesionidae), one species grouper (Serranidae), three species Napoleon wrasse (Labridae), three species snappers (Lutjanidae), one species threadfins (Nemipteridae), one species sweetlips (Haemulidae), four species scarid (Scaridae), four species scolopsid (Scolopsidae) and three species rabbit fish(Siganidae). Most of coral reef conditions as seen in the lower percent cover of living coral were less than 75 %, it is likely that the coral reef has been degraded. There is abundance of butterfly fish Chaetodon octofasciatus and the existing of Napoleon wrasse (Cheilinus undulatus). Coral reef destructions occurred in West Belitung waters has been more frequent in the unpopulated islands.Key words: Coral reef fishes, diversity, West Belitung water

Prediction of Potential Fishing Zones for Skipjack Tuna During the Northwest Monsoon Using Remotely Sensed Satellite Data Mukti Zainuddin; Safruddin Safruddin; Muhammad Banda Selamat; Aisjah Farhum; Sarip Hidayat
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 22, No 2 (2017): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

One of economically important fish in the Bay of Bone is Skipjack tuna which their distribution and migration are influenced by surrounding environment. This study aims to investigate the relationship between skipjack tuna and their environments, and to predict potential fishing zones (PFZs) for the fish in the Bone Bay-Flores Sea using satellite-based oceanography and catch data. Generalized additive models (GAMs) were used to assess the relationship. A generalized linear model(GLM) constructed from GAMs was used for prediction. Monthly mean sea surface temperature (SST) and chlorophyll-a during the northwest monsoon (December-January) together with catch data were used for the year 2012-2013. We used the GAMs to assess the effect of the environment variables on skipjack tuna CPUE (catch per unit effort). The best GLM was selected to predict skipjack tuna abundance. Results indicated that the highest CPUEs (fish/trip) occurred in areas where SST and chlorophyll-a ranged from 29.5°-31.5°C and 0.15 - 0.25 mg m-3, respectively. The PFZs for skipjack were closely related to the spatial distribution of the optimum oceanographic conditions and these mainly developed in three locations, northern area of Bone Bay in December, in the middle area of the bay (4°-5.5°S and 120.5°-121.5°E) during January and moved to the Flores Sea in February. The movement of skipjack concentration was consistent with the fishery data. This suggests that the dynamics of the optimum oceanographic signatures provided a good indicator for predicting feeding grounds as hotspot areas for skipjack tuna in Bone Bay-Flores Sea during northwest monsoon. Keywords: skipjack tuna, potential fishing zones, satellite based-oceanographic data, Northwest monsoon

Studi Awal Pemodelan Medan Gelombang di Laut Jawa dan Karakteristik Spektrum Energi Gelombang di Teluk Jakarta Safwan Hadi; Nining Sari Ningsih; Kandaga Pujiana
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 10, No 3 (2005): Jurnal Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Informasi tentang karakteristik gelombang suatu perairan merupakan hal yang penting untuk diketahui guna melakukan berbagai aktifitas di laut seperti penangkapan ikan, pelayaran, rekayasa pantai dan lepas pantai.Pengukuran lapangan dalam waktu yang panjang dapat memberikan informasi ini tetapi memerlukan biaya yang sangat besar. Dengan semakin meningkatnya kemampuan komputer, informasi ini dapat diperoleh melalui simulasi model numerik. Dalam studi ini simulasi model numerik dilakukan untuk mendapatkan informasi tentang karakteristik gelombang di laut Jawa dan spektrum energi gelombang di Teluk Jakarta. Model numerik yang digunakan adalah model gelombang generasi ke – 3, WAM Model Cycle 4. Penerapan model dilakukanpada musim barat dan musim timur untuk melihat pengaruh arus laut pada karakteristik gelombang di Laut Jawa dan spektrum energi gelombang di Teluk Jakarta. Hasil simulasi model di Laut Jawa menunjukkan bahwa pada musim barat tinggi gelombang signifikan dan perioda puncak secara berturut-turut berkisar antara 0,44 – 1,83 m dan 2 – 5 detik sementara pada musim timur berkisar antara 0,35 – 1,06 m dan 2 – 5 detik. Arus laut berperan dalam penguatan tinggi gelombang. Pada musim barat tinggi gelombang signifikan bertambah dari 0,44 m menjadi 0,5 m sementara pada musim timur bertambah dari 0,35 m menjadi 0,37 m. Spektrum energi gelombang di Teluk Jakarta menunjukkan pengaruh Sea lebih dominan pada musim timur semantarapengaruh Swell lebih dominan pada musim barat. Pengaruh arus mengubah kondisi gelombang di Teluk Jakarta baik Sea maupun Swell pengaruhnya dominan pada musim timur.Kata kunci : Model Gelombang, Variasi Musim, Pengaruh ArusInformation about ocean wave characteristics is very important for working on various activities in the ocean such as fishing, navigation, coastal and offshore engineering. This information can be derived from long termfield observation, but this would require substantial amount of money. With ever increasing computer capabilities such information could be derived by applying a numerical model. In this research third generation wave model, WAM Model Cycle 4, was applied to study wave characteristics in Java Sea and wave energy spectrum in Jakarta Bay. The model was applied for two conditions i.e west and east monsoons and theinfluence of current on wave was also taken into consideration. Simulation results indicate that significant wave height during west monsoon is higher than east monsoon. Significant wave height and peak period during west monsoon vary between 0,44 – 1,83 m and 2 – 5 second respectively while during east monsoon they vary between 0,35 – 1,06 m and 2 – 5 second respectively. Ocean current causes wave height to increase. During west monsoon significant wave height increases from 0,44 m to 0,5 m while during east monsoon it increases from 0,35m to 0,37 m. Wave energy spectrum of Jakarta bay indicates that Sea is more dominant during east monsoon while Swell during west monsoon. The influence of current changes the wave condition in which both Sea and Swell are dominant during east monsoon.Key words : Wave model, Seasonal variation, Effect of ocean current.

Abundance of Tridacna (Family Tridacnidae) at Seribu Islands and Manado Waters, Indonesia Candhika Yusuf; Ambariyanto Ambariyanto; Retno Hartati
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 14, No 3 (2009): Jurnal Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Kima, yang merupakan salah satu hewan laut dilindungi, sejak lama banyak dieksploitasi di berbagai daerah di Indonesia. Apabila keadaan ini terus berlanjut maka akan terjadi penurunan populasi di alam yang berujung pada kepunahan dari berbagai spesies Kima tersebut di alam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kelimpahan Kima di beberapa pulau di Kepulauan Seribu dan perairan di sekitar Manado. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif yang bersifat eksploratif. Sampling dilakukan dengan metode Line Intersept Transect (LIT) menggunakan garis transek sepanjang 100 meter sejajar dengan garis pantai pada kedalaman 5 meter. Pengamatan dilakukan pada tiap 2,5 meter di sebelah kanan dan kiri garis transek. Hasil penelitian, ditemukan total 167 individu Kima di Kepulauan seribu dan 61 individu di perairan Manado. Nilai kepadatan rata - rata pada lokasi Kep. Seribu adalah T. squamosa 0.026 indv/m2, T. maxima 0,016 indv/m2, T. crocea 0.028 indv/m2 sedangkan pada lokasi Manado adalah T. squamosa 0.021 indv/m2, T. maxima 0.0005 indv/m2, T. crocea 0.0085 indv/m2 dan T. gigas 0.002 indv/ m2. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa kepadatan Kima di dua lokasi penelitian masih lebih rendah dari beberapa lokasi di Indonesia dan luar negeri. Berdasarkan ukuran cangkang di dua lokasi penelitian diduga hanya T. crocea saja yang telah mencapai fase hermafroditiknya, sedangkan T. gigas dan sebagian besar T. squamosa serta T. maxima baru mencapai fase kematangan gonad jantan saja. Kebanyakan Kima ditemukan di karang mati beralga (Dead Coral Algae / DCA) dan tututan karang hidup (coral covered) dibandingkan dengan jenis substrat yang lain. Kata kunci : Kima, tridacna, kelimpahan, Kepulauan Seribu, Manado Giant clam, as a protected marine species, has been exploited massively in many regions in Indonesia. This has lead to the rapid extinction of the giant clam natural population. The purpose of the research is to obtain the abundance status of giant clam species in several island in Kepulauan Seribu and surroundings waters of Manado. Surveys were done by using the modification of Line Intercept Transect (LIT) methods. A hundred meter length of transect line were drawn, in depth of 5 meter and paralleled to the coast line. The observations were made in 2.5 meter to the left and right of the transect line. The results showed, there were total number of clams found at Seribu Islands and Manado waters were 106 and 61 individual, respectively. The average density in Seribu Islands were T. squamosa: 0.026 indv/m2, T. maxima: 0.016 indv/m2, and T. crocea: 0.028 indv/m2, and in Manado were T. squamosa: 0.021 indv/m2, T. maxima: 0.0005 indv/m2, T. crocea: 0.0085 indv/m2 and T. gigas: 0.002 indv/m2. These results showed that the density of giant clams in both places were found to be lower than other places in Indonesia and abroad. Based from the shell measurements on both locations, only T. crocea were suspected have reached its hermaphrodite phase, while T. gigas and most of T. squamosa and T. maxima were about to reached male gonad maturity phase. The most dominant substrate for the giant clam were the Dead Coral Algae (DCA) and the coral covered. Key words: Giant clam, tridacna, abundance, Seribu Islands, Manado

Regional and Seasonal Differences in Species Composition and Trophic Groups for Tidepool Fishes of a Western Pacific Island – Taiwan Colin K. C. Wen; Li-Shu Chen; Kwang-Tsao Shao
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 23, No 1 (2018): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Spatial and temporal variations in the species composition of assemblages are common in many marine organisms, including fishes. Variations in the fish species composition of subtidal coral reefs have been well documented, however much less is known about such differences for intertidal fish assemblages. This is surprising, given that intertidal fishes are more vulnerable to terrestrial human disturbances. It is critical to evaluate the ecology and biology of intertidal fishes before they are severely impacted by coastal development, especially in developing countries such as those in the tropical western Pacific region where coastal development is rapidly increasing. In this study, we investigated the species composition, abundance, biomass and species number (richness) for intertidal fish assemblages in subtropical (northern) and tropical (southern) Taiwan across four seasons by collecting fishes from tidepools using clove oil. We also examined the gut contents of collected fishes to identify their trophic functional groups in order to investigate regional and seasonal variations for different trophic groups. We found significant differences in the species composition of tidepool fish assemblages between subtropical and tropical Taiwan. Bathygobius fuscus, Abudefduf vaigiensis and Istiblennius dussumieri were dominant species in subtropical Taiwan, whereas Bathygobius coalitus, Abudefduf septemfasciatus and Istiblennius lineatus were dominant in tropical Taiwan. Other species such as Bathygobius cocosensis, Abudefduf sordidus and Istiblennius edentulus were common in both regions. For trophic groups, omnivores and detritivores had or showed trends towards higher species numbers and abundances in the subtropical region, whereas herbivores, planktivores and general carnivores had or showed trends towards higher species numbers and biomass in the tropical region. Overall, many intertidal fish species and trophic groups showed differences in abundance, biomass and species number between subtropical and tropical Taiwan. Further studies on large scale geographical gradients in trophic groups and species compositions in the Indo-west Pacific region are encouraged to assist with ecosystem monitoring and assessment. Keywords: Intertidal fishes, spatio-temporal pattern, feeding guild, diet

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