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Reaktor
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
ISSN : 08520798     EISSN : 24075973     DOI : https://doi.org/10.14710/reaktor.xx.x.xx-xx
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Control & Systems Engineering Energy Materials Science & Nanotechnology
Reaktor invites contributions of original and novel fundamental research. Reaktor publishes scientific study/ research papers, industrial problem solving related to Chemical Engineering field as well as review papers. The journal presents paper dealing with the topic related to Chemical Engineering including: Transport Phenomena and Chemical Engineering Operating Unit Chemical Reaction Technique, Chemical Kinetics, and Catalysis Designing, Modeling, and Process Optimization Energy and Conversion Technology Thermodynamics Process System Engineering and products Particulate and emulsion technologies Membrane Technology Material Development Food Technology and Bioprocess Waste Treatment Technology
Arjuna Subject : Teknik (semua kategori) - Teknik (Lain-Lain)
Articles 542 Documents
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Techno-Economic Analysis of Biodiesel Production from Microalgae Rendra Panca Anugraha; Adelia Melita Sari; Habib Nurrohim; Renanto Renanto; Juwari Juwari; Donny Satria Bhuana
Reaktor Volume 26 No.2 August 2026
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/reaktor.83117

Abstract

The increasing global energy demand and the urgent necessity to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions have driven the exploration of renewable energy alternatives to fossil-based fuels, such as biofuels derived from sustainable biological sources. Among various potential feedstocks, microalgae have gained considerable attention due to their high lipid productivity, rapid growth rate, and ability to utilize CO₂ efficiency through photosynthesis. This study presents the design and techno-economic evaluation of a biodiesel production plant utilizing Chlorella vulgaris microalgae as the primary feedstock. The cultivation process employs a Flat Plate Photobioreactor (FPPBR) system to enhance biomass productivity under controlled light and nutrient conditions. The production process adopts the Lurgi technology, beginning with the extraction of microalgae oil using n-hexane solvent, which is subsequently converted into biodiesel through esterification and transesterification reactions catalyzed by H₂SO₄ and NaOH, respectively. The designed plant capacity is 100,000 kL of biodiesel per year. Bontang, East Kalimantan, is selected as the plant site considering key factors such as raw material availability, access to utilities, land suitability, and transportation infrastructure. The plant consists of two main stages: microalgae oil production and biodiesel synthesis, with a total construction period of two years and an operational lifespan of 15 years. Economic feasibility analysis indicates an Internal Rate of Return (IRR) of 12.91%, a Net Present Value (NPV) of IDR 2,296,063,930,982, and a payback period of 13 years, confirming the financial viability of the project. These results demonstrate that biodiesel production from Chlorella vulgaris microalgae is both technically feasible and economically sustainable, providing a practical and scalable pathway to support Indonesia’s transition toward renewable and low-carbon energy systems.
Micro-scale Biodrying of Municipal Waste for Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF) Production Berlian Sitorus; Seno Darmawan Panjaitan; Yopa Eka Prawatya; Wivina Diah Ivontianti; Muhammad Ivanto; Septami Setiawati; Riysan Octy Shailindry; Maria Yeni Wahyuningsih; Benedikta Arni
Reaktor Volume 26 No.2 August 2026
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/reaktor.83716

Abstract

Municipal solid waste (MSW) continues to increase worldwide, driven by rapid urbanization and population growth. This study explores the biodrying process as a sustainable approach to convert MSW into refuse-derived fuel (RDF), offering an alternative renewable energy source. Biodrying, a biological phase within the mechanical–biological treatment (MBT) system, removes moisture through microbial activity supported by controlled aeration. The experiment evaluated different aeration rates (0, 6, and 8 L/min) and residence times (7, 14, and 21 days) to assess their impact on the quality of RDF. Higher aeration enhanced drying performance and increased the calorific value up to 4260 kcal/kg, while longer residence time improved moisture reduction and heating efficiency. However, the non-aerated condition (0 L/min) demonstrated greater process stability and energy efficiency, achieving 4044 kcal/kg with lower operational demand. Thus, while forced aeration improved RDF quality, the passive (non-aerated) setup represented the most energy-efficient operating condition. The optimal configuration, 0 L/min aeration and 7-day residence time, produced RDF with 8.2% moisture, 1.0% ash, 76.5% volatile matter, and 14.3% fixed carbon. The resulting RDF complied with SNI 8966:2021 Class II solid fuel standards, equivalent to low-grade brown coal (<7000 cal/g). These findings indicate that passive biodrying without forced aeration can effectively enhance RDF quality with minimal energy input. The process demonstrates a simple, low-cost, and energy-efficient strategy for transforming mixed municipal waste into renewable solid fuel, supporting the circular economy and sustainable energy goals.

Page 55 of 55 | Total Record : 542

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