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INDONESIA
Masalah-Masalah Hukum
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
ISSN : -     EISSN : 25274716     DOI : -
Core Subject : Social,
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Articles 747 Documents
GREGORY LEYH’S APPROACH TO CONSTITUTIONAL HERMENEUTICS: A CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF LEGAL HERMENEUTICS ACCORDING TO HANS-GEORG GADAMER Hermawan, Muhammad Ilham
Masalah-Masalah Hukum Vol 54, No 2 (2025): MASALAH-MASALAH HUKUM
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/mmh.54.2.2025.255-268

Abstract

Constitutional interpretation is a crucial and evolving field that extends beyond judges, involving legal scholars, citizens, and political theorists. It encompasses various methods such as originalism, textualism, moral reasoning, structural reasoning, and comparative constitutional law, each offering distinct approaches to understanding the Constitution. These methods are often categorized into two schools of thought: originalist and non-originalist. The debate between these two approaches has been a source of recurring controversy, with originalism advocating for adherence to the framers’ intentions and non-originalism promoting a more dynamic, “living” interpretation. Terence Ball emphasizes the significance of constitutional interpretation, dubbing it “deadly hermeneutics,” as a nation’s fate hinges on how its Constitution is understood and applied. While traditional theories focus on textual meaning or historical context, this article proposes that constitutional interpretation must also be approached ontologically—understanding the very essence of interpretation. Drawing on Gadamer’s philosophical hermeneutics, this study suggests that constitutional interpretation should be viewed as a dynamic process influenced by historical understanding, language, and societal context. Constitutional hermeneutics, as a theoretical framework, opposes rigid methodologies and emphasizes the role of language, historical context, and prejudices in shaping meaning. It offers a more holistic understanding, allowing for the Constitution to evolve with societal changes, ensuring its relevance in modern governance. This approach provides a more comprehensive solution to the challenges posed by the debate between originalism and non-originalism.
LEGAL VALIDITY OF SMART CONTRACTS FOR INVESTMENT PURPOSES: ANALYSIS OF INDONESIA’S LEGAL POLITICS AND EMERGING CHALLENGES Agustianto, Agustianto; Situmeang, Ampuan
Masalah-Masalah Hukum Vol 54, No 2 (2025): MASALAH-MASALAH HUKUM
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/mmh.54.2.2025.269-282

Abstract

The rapid development of digital technology has significantly transformed various economic sectors, particularly through the emergence of digitized contracts, including electronic contracts and smart contracts. These innovations are especially impactful in the investment sector, providing enhanced speed, security, and efficiency. As the Indonesian economy becomes increasingly integrated with digital technology, the role of electronic and smart contracts becomes crucial, necessitating adaptations in the country’s legal framework. Indonesia's legal system has responded with regulatory reforms, such as amendments to the Electronic Information and Transactions Law, aiming to address the needs of the digital economy. However, the pace of legal adaptation has raised concerns, particularly regarding the timely recognition and support for smart contracts, which are poised to revolutionize investment practices by automating transactions and reducing the reliance on intermediaries. Despite efforts to regulate electronic systems, Indonesia’s legal politics have struggled to keep up with the demands of these technological advancements, leading to gaps in the legal support for digitized contracts. This paper analyzes the intersection of Indonesia’s legal politics and the evolving landscape of investment, focusing on how the legal framework can better accommodate the integration of electronic and smart contracts. The study emphasizes the need for a comprehensive legal structure that fosters the growth of digital investment, providing legal certainty and protecting stakeholders. It ultimately proposes a model to support the future of investments, integrating legal clarity, regulatory adaptation, and industry collaboration to ensure that Indonesia’s legal framework can effectively support the evolving digital economy.
RETHINKING WALI ADHAL PROCEEDINGS: THE ROLE OF AUDI ET ALTERAM PARTEM IN ADVANCING PROCEDURAL FAIRNESS Rosyadi, Imron; Asep, Mohamad
Masalah-Masalah Hukum Vol 54, No 3 (2025): MASALAH-MASALAH HUKUM (in press)
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/mmh.54.3.2025.296-313

Abstract

This study analyzes the procedural reconstruction of wali adhal cases in Indonesian Religious Courts, which are currently resolved through voluntary petitions (voluntair). In practice, a guardian who refuses without legitimate grounds is replaced by a judicial guardian (wali hakim) through a court decree; however, this procedure undermines procedural fairness by excluding the guardian's formal right to present objections. The research employs a normative juridical methodology, utilizing both legislative and conceptual approaches. The legislative approach critically examines the statutory regulations governing wali adhal cases, particularly the Marriage Law and the Compilation of Islamic Law. The conceptual approach is used to propose a procedural shift from voluntair to contentiosa, grounded in the principle of audi et alteram partem, which requires equal opportunities for all parties to be heard. Such reclassification is expected to ensure balanced judicial outcomes, protect the bride’s right to marry, and proportionately safeguard the guardian’s legal position. This study contributes to the development of more equitable judicial procedures within Religious Courts, ensuring procedural justice for both parties involved in wali adhal cases. The proposed shift would foster fairness in the legal process, allowing both the guardian and the bride equal legal standing, evidence presentation, and the right to challenge decisions, ultimately enhancing the legitimacy and fairness of judicial decisions.
SYMBOLS, EVIDENCE, AND POLICY: INTEGRATING LEGAL SEMIOTICS FOR SUSTAINABLE CRIME PREVENTION Ekowati, Debby; Saraswati, Retno; Sa'adah, Nabitatus
Masalah-Masalah Hukum Vol 54, No 3 (2025): MASALAH-MASALAH HUKUM (in press)
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/mmh.54.3.2025.328-352

Abstract

This study explores crime prevention using legal semiotics, applying a doctrinal approach grounded in an extensive literature review and critical text analysis. The discussion is initiated by delineating the core principles of legal semiotics and examining legal norms and practices as sign systems that communicate cultural meanings and influence behaviour. The study examines forensic semiotics, emphasising the role of sign analysis in enhancing investigative procedures and expert linguistic testimony within criminal and civil frameworks, including authorship attribution, identification of falsified texts, and the interpretation of linguistic evidence. Additionally, courtroom discourse and decision-making are also examined, illustrating various semiotic resources (such as text design, layout, and language) influencing the authority and legitimacy of judicial outcomes. Police interactions, interpreting interview dynamics and power negotiations through semiotic frameworks are examined to enhance understanding of witness communication and investigative effectiveness. Furthermore, it examines the framing of crime narratives in the media, highlighting the impact of mediated signs on public perception and the possibility of judicial biases. The research advocates for comprehensive crime prevention policies combining penal and non-penal strategies, emphasizing the importance of symbols and meanings that underpin criminal behaviour to promote collaborative, culturally informed, and sustainable responses.
SHIFTING LEGAL LANDSCAPES: THE EVOLUTION AND FUTURE OF CUSTOMARY LAND RIGHTS RECOGNITION IN INDONESIA Sukirno, Sukirno; Malik, Muhammad Fahad
Masalah-Masalah Hukum Vol 54, No 3 (2025): MASALAH-MASALAH HUKUM (in press)
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/mmh.54.3.2025.353-371

Abstract

This research explores the legal and political dynamics surrounding the recognition of customary land rights in Indonesia, from the Dutch colonial era to the post-Reformation period. The recognition of customary rights, a concept introduced by van Vollenhoven and later refined by Ter Haar, has evolved through various legal frameworks influenced by shifting political regimes. During the colonial period, Dutch policies acknowledged customary rights, particularly in indigenous areas like Riau and Jambi, though often in a limited and exploitative manner. Post-independence, however, the recognition of customary rights became more complex. The Old Order regime adopted a repressive stance, recognizing customary rights under strict conditions to avoid separatism, while the New Order further diminished these rights in favor of state land control, particularly for corporate interests. The Reform era introduced a somewhat more inclusive yet still restrictive approach to customary land rights, with legal frameworks acknowledging them in principle but often sidelining their practical application in favor of development agendas. This study analyzes these shifting policies using Nonet and Selznick’s framework of repressive, autonomous, and responsive law, concluding that Indonesia’s legal approach to customary rights has been predominantly repressive, with brief periods of responsiveness during certain regulatory changes. Looking forward, the research argues for a shift toward a responsive legal policy that actively involves indigenous communities in the legislative process and provides a clear, inclusive, and sustainable framework for recognizing and protecting customary land rights. Such a shift would be crucial in addressing the historical and ongoing marginalization of indigenous peoples in land-related issues, fostering a more equitable and participatory legal environment.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF PLATFORM LIABILITY FOR ILLEGAL PREMIUM ACCOUNT SALES: A STUDY OF SAFE HARBOR PRINCIPLES IN INDONESIA AND THE UNITED STATES Ardini, Ni Putu Ayu Meylan; Dharmawan, Ni Ketut Supasti; Hardiyan, Salwa Putri
Masalah-Masalah Hukum Vol 54, No 3 (2025): MASALAH-MASALAH HUKUM (in press)
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/mmh.54.3.2025.372-388

Abstract

The rapid development of Indonesia’s digital economy has created new opportunities but also significant challenges, particularly regarding the illegal sale of shared premium accounts on e-commerce platforms. This study examines the legal frameworks governing platform liability for these illegal activities, comparing Indonesia’s regulations with the United States' Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA). Using a doctrinal legal research method, the research focuses on key Indonesian laws such as the Copyright Law (Law No. 28 of 2014) and the Information and Electronic Transactions Law (ITE Law), alongside Section 512 of the DMCA. The study finds that Indonesia's legal framework provides only implicit protections, relying on general principles like good faith and fault-based liability, which leads to legal uncertainty. In contrast, the United States’ DMCA offers clearer protections through its Safe Harbor provisions, including a specific notice-and-takedown procedure. This comparative analysis highlights the vulnerability of Indonesian platforms to lawsuits and the broader economic consequences, such as lost revenue, hindered innovation, and potential reputational damage. Furthermore, it emphasizes the need for clearer, consolidated regulations in Indonesia to effectively protect copyright holders and digital platforms. The study proposes a Sui Generis Safe Harbor Model that combines the procedural clarity of the DMCA with Indonesia’s civil law tradition, including the establishment of clear Red Flag Knowledge standards, a mandatory notice-and-takedown procedure, and data disclosure requirements. The research underscores the importance of regulatory reform, enhanced law enforcement coordination, and technological investment to address illegal premium account sales and secure a fair digital environment.
STRENGTHENING SOCIAL PROTECTION FOR INDONESIAN MIGRANT WORKERS: ADDRESSING GAPS AND CHALLENGES IN THE NATIONAL SECURITY SYSTEM Podungge, Ismi Pratiwi; Prasetyoningsih, Nanik
Masalah-Masalah Hukum Vol 54, No 3 (2025): MASALAH-MASALAH HUKUM (in press)
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/mmh.54.3.2025.314-327

Abstract

Indonesian Migrant Workers (PMI) are citizens who work outside Indonesia, often facing significant legal and social challenges. One of the key issues is the lack of social security coverage, with 67.7% of migrant workers not enrolled in the BPJS Employment program. The Indonesian government’s Regulation of the Minister of Manpower No. 4 of 2023 aims to enhance social security for migrant workers by mandating their participation in BPJS Employment. However, various obstacles, such as overlapping regulations and workers’ preference for employer-provided insurance, persist. This study evaluates the alignment of this regulation with the principles of the National Social Security System (SJSN), focusing on its effectiveness in providing social protection to migrant workers. The analysis utilizes the theoretical frameworks of welfare state theory, social justice, and human rights to assess the extent to which the regulation fulfills its obligations. The findings show that while Permenaker No. 4 of 2023 offers more comprehensive benefits and extends protection from pre-placement to post-placement, it still faces issues such as inequitable contribution distribution and insufficient transparency. The research highlights that the regulation, although progressive, does not fully implement the principles of SJSN, particularly in terms of fairness and state responsibility. To achieve greater social justice, the study recommends strengthening regulatory mechanisms, ensuring fair contribution sharing, and improving information access and oversight. This research contributes to the understanding of the regulatory improvements needed to enhance the social security coverage for Indonesian migrant workers.

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