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Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education
Published by Universitas Negeri Semarang
ISSN : 2085191X     EISSN : 23387610     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Biosaintifika Journal of Biology & Biology Education, an electronic international journal, provides a forum for publishing the original research articles, review articles from contributors, and the novel technology news related to biological research and biological education.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 1,068 Documents
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Stability and Antibacterial Property of Polyherbal Mouthwash Formulated Using Local Ingredients Juman Nafea; Mohamed Edbeib; Kin Israel R. Notarte; Fahrul Huyop; Harisun Yaakub
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 12, No 3 (2020): December 2020
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v12i3.25243

Abstract

The oral cavity is a home to more than 500 bacterial species. Although some of the oral bacteria are harmless, there are certain species that may cause oral plaques, bad breath, and mouth disease. Thus, maintaining a good oral hygiene is essential for a healthy mouth and body. The present study aimed to formulate a polyherbal mouthwash that may have antibacterial properties. Mouthwash formulations were prepared containing varying percentages of herbal extracts, with each formulation stored at 12 °C and 25 °C. Over the course of 12 weeks, the appearance and pH of the formulated mouthwash were measured. The mouthwash formulations maintained good homogeneity and color when stored at 25 °C, displaying lower pH level ranging between 3.71 and 4.85. Although the mouthwash stored at 12 °C maintained good homogeneity, a change in color in the formulation was evident and a more unstable pH readings were recorded. Antibacterial assay showed that mouthwash formulations stored at 25 °C had better inhibitory activity compared to those stored at 12 °C. Furthermore, mouthwash formulation containing (30% v/v) aleppo oak extract as the major ingredient conferred the greatest inhibition zone diameter (IZD = 10-18 mm) against salivary bacteria compared to formulations with (30% v/v) clove and (30% v/v) turmeric extracts as major ingredients. The best polyherbal mouthwash formulation in terms of inhibiting bacterial growth followed the 3:1:2 ratio for aleppo oak extract, clove extract, and turmeric, respectively. Therefore, the polyherbal mouthwash formulated in this study has the potential to be optimized and commercialized to antagonize growth of pathogenic oral bacteria.
The Effectiveness of Plastic Mulch for Maintaining the Potato Farmland in Dieng Plateau Using Soil Biological Quality Index Dian Agustina; Udi Tarwotjo; Rully Rahadian
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 11, No 1 (2019): April 2019
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v11i1.17804

Abstract

Dieng farmers apply plastic mulch to reduce erosion and to prevent the loss of nutrients. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of plastic mulch in maintaining the quality of potato farmland using the Soil Biological Quality Index (QBS-ar) based on the existence of microarthropods. Soil sampling was conducted in six different locations, i.e., flat area with mulch, sloped area with mulch, the flat area without mulch, sloped area without mulch, flat forest area, and sloped forest area. Microarthropods were obtained from soil samples using a Berlese Funnel method. Soil quality was analyzed using QBS-ar index which was calculated based on Eco-morphological Index (EMI). The results showed that the value of QBS-ar index in potato farmland with the use of plastic mulch was much higher than in farmland without plastic mulch in bothflat and sloped area. Compared to the soil in the forest area, the value of QBS-ar index in farmland with the use of plastic mulch, especially in the flat area, was relatively similar. Hence, the use of plastic mulch for potato cultivation in the hilly area is effective in maintaining soil quality. This finding would be beneficial for developing a soil conservation strategy to achieve sustainable agriculture in Dieng agricultural area.
Biodiversity of Termites and Damage Building in Semarang, Indonesia Niken Subekti; Bambang Priyono; Afrin Nur Aisyah
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 10, No 1 (2018): April 2018
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v10i1.12832

Abstract

Termites cause a lot of damage and big losses for building components, especially those made of wood. High population growth and rapid infrastructure development in Semarang city affect the natural habitats of termites. This phenomenon changes the termites' behavior of foraging in buildings. Semarang city has humidity, temperature, and altitude that allows termites to live and breed well. The purpose of this study was to determine the types of termites living in housing in Semarang city as well as the level of attacks on housing. This research was conducted in nine housing in Semarang City. The research was carried out with two methods: building inspection and wood-feeding method by using Pinus mercusii wood measures 2 cm x 2 cm x 46 cm. The results found four types of termites that attack wood feeds namely Macrotermes gilvus, Microtermes inspiratus, Odontotermes javanicus, Coptotermes curvignathus and Cryptotermes sp.. Based on interviews and building inspection, it was known that the condition of the building in the category of "moderate" was occupying the most position (74.44%), good (17.78%) and lightly damaged (7.78%). From the causes of damage to building components, it can be concluded that the level of termite attack against damage to recidential buildings in Semarang city 44.58%. Cross-tabulation analysis of Chi-Square shows that there is a correlation between age and treatment with damage to the building. Futher, the finding can be used as baseline information for further scientific investigation for effective termites control on residential building components.
Variasi Panjang Fragmen Gen ND3 Burung Famili Ploceidae Endemik Pulau Jawa (The Length Variation of ND3Gen Fragmen of Java’s Endemic Ploceidae Family’s Birds) Fitria, Ana; Susanti, R
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 1, No 1 (2009): March 2009
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v1i1.40

Abstract

Ploceidae family’s birds in Indonesia consist of 41 species include 13 species as Java’s endemic. Some species of Ploceidae family were start to rarely oberved, because of new house developing and hunting as a pets, zoo collection and education kit. It’s need some efforts to conserve these rare species through improving the habitat, rehabilitation, nursery, controlling, law inforcement for hunters, and genetic conservation according to a knowledgement of genetic variation. The research aimed to knew the length fragmen of ND3 DNAmt Gen and genetic variation among species of Ploceidae family’s birds. 11 species were observe for morphology’s characteristic than blood sample were collected for DNA isolation with Dixit methode. ND3 gen were amplificated by DNA isolated with PCR used H11151 and L10755 primer. PCR’s gain were visualized with 2 % agarose gel. The length fragmen of ND3 DNAmt were 321bp for Bondol Jawa, 338 bp for Bondol Haji and Bondol Peking, 393 bp for Burung Gereja Erasia, 413 bp for Manyar Emas, 406 bp for Gelatik Jawa, 334 bp for Manyar Tempua and Manyar Jambul, 351 bp for Pipit Benggala, 333 bp for Bondol Hijau Binglis, 317 bp for Pipit Zebra. The conclusion of this research were : 1). the length variation of ND3 DNAmt Gen among 11 species range from 317 – 413 bp and 2). morphological variation and length variation of ND3 DNAmt Gen shows that there was genetic variation among species of Ploceidae family’s birds. Key words : Ploceidae, ND3 Gen, Java’s endemic
Effectiveness of Pleurotus ostreatus Extract Through Cytotoxic Test and Apoptosis Mechanism of Cervical Cancer Cells Nuraeni Ekowati; Aris Mumpuni; Juni Safitri Muljowati
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 9, No 1 (2017): April 2017
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v9i1.7546

Abstract

Pleurotus ostreatus is a common mushroom cultivated in Indonesia, and potential properties of bioactive compounds for medicinal mushroom. This study was aimed at obtaining P.ostreatus extract bioactive compounds potential in inhibiting the proliferation of cervical cancer cells (HeLa) and evaluating the HeLa cell proliferation kinetics and HeLa cell death mechanisms. The research was beneficial in making this product can be easily applied in a more controlled industrial scale. Anticancer activity test through a cytotoxic test using the MTT [3- (4,5-dimetiltiazol-2-yl) -2.5-diphenyl tertrazolium bromide], the kinetics proliferation of HeLa cells and HeLa cell death mechanism was performed. Linear regression analysis was used to analyze the data. Ethyl acetate extract of P. ostreatus isolated from Madiun showed the best results with IC 50 = 107.59 µg / ml. HeLa cell proliferation kinetics analysis showed that the application of bioactive compounds 100 µg / ml resulted in an increase of in death of HeLa cells along with length of incubation time. An important finding was that HeLa cells death by apoptosis was greater than by necrosis.  In conclusion, the extracts of P. ostreatus  has the potential to inhibit the growth of HeLa cells. 
Analisis Keanekaragaman Genetika dan Diferensiasi Jati Jawa dan Madura Berdasarkan Marka Mikrosatelit Untuk Mendukung Fingerprinting Jati Mun Isyatul Millah; Noor Aini Habibah; Endah Suwarni; Amin Rertoningsih
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 4, No 2 (2012): September 2012
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v4i2.3929

Abstract

Fingerprinting jati diperlukan untuk melengkapi data base konservasi plasma nutfah jati. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan informasi keanekaragaman genetika pohon jati berdasarkan marka mikrosatelit dan mengidentifikasi alel spesifik pada lokus tertentu yang dapat menjadi penciri khas jati populasi Jawa dan Madura. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan identifikasi karakteristik jati plus (fingerprinting) secara molekuler menggunakan penanda mikrosatelit. Sampel diambil dari koleksi jati plus di Kebun Benih Klonal (KBK) di Jawa dan dari lokal Areal Produksi Benih (APB) Madura. Sampel diisolasi menggunakan metode CTAB. Amplifikasi DNA menggunakan 3 primer mikrosatelit dan hasilnya divisualisasi pada gel poliakrilamid dengan pewarnaan silver. Hubungan kekerabatan dianalisis melalui program NTSYSpc (Numerical Taxonomy and Multivariate Analysis Sistem) versi 2.01. Hasil analisis menunjukkan tingkat keanekaragaman jati yang tinggi, didukung oleh nilai Observed Heterozigosity (Ho), Expected Heterozygosity (He), Polimorfism Information Content (PIC) dan koefisien diferensiasi genetika berturut-turut 0.5122; 0.6221; 0.5818; dan 0.0629. Hubungan kekerabatan melalui analisis dendogram menghasilkan koefisien kemiripan 0.3-1.00. Nilai keanekaragaman dalam populasi (HS), antar populasi (DST), dan nilai diferensiasi (G) berturut-turut adalah 0.5817, 0.0391, dan 0.0629. Dari hasil analisis disimpulkan bahwa tingkat keanekaragaman jati di Jawa dan Madura termasuk tinggi dan ada indikasi perbedaan genetika di dalam populasi lebih tinggi dibanding antar populasi.Fingerprinting teak is required to complete the data base teak germplasm conservation. This research aimed to obtain information about the genetic diversity of teak based on microsatellite markers and identify specific allele at a particular locus can be distinctive identity identifier population of Java and Madura. In this research is to identify the characteristics of teak plus (fingerprinting) molecularly using microsatellite markers. Samples were taken from the collection of teak plus in Kebun Benih Klonal in Java and from Areal Produksi Benih Madura. Samples were isolated using the CTAB method. Amplification of DNA using microsatellite primer 3 and the results are visualized on a polyacrylamide gel by silver staining. Kinship analyzed through NTSYSpc program (Numerical Taxonomy and Multivariate Analysis System) version 2:01. The analysis showed a high level of diversity teak, supported by Heterozigosity Observed value (HO), Expected Heterozygosity (He), polymorphisms Information Content (PIC) and genetic differentiation coefficient 0.5122 respectively; 0.6221; 0.5818; and 0.0629. Kinship through analysis dendogram generate similarity coefficient 0.3-1.00. The value of diversity in the population (HS), between populations (DST), and the value of differentiation (G) respectively are 0.5817, 0.0391, and 0.0629. From the analysis concluded that the level of diversity of teak in Java and Madura are high, and there are indications of genetic differences in the population is higher than among the population.
Feed Resources Determination Based on Pollen Diversity in Trigona Bees (Trigona sp.) Colony Muachiroh Abas; Eddy Tri Sucianto
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 12, No 3 (2020): December 2020
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v12i3.26603

Abstract

Trigona bees' food resources can be determined either directly based on flowering plants live closed to the nest or based on pollen diversity inside the nest. There is no study about Trogona bee's food resources determination based on pollen diversity inside the bee colony's nest. This study aimed to determine plant food resources based on pollen diversity found inside the Trigona nest. This research was conducted in Serang village, sub-district of Karangreja, Purbalingga Regency. Pollen samples were taken from flowering plants lives around the nest and those in the nest and then were prepared using the acetolysis method. The variables observed were pollen morphology, with parameters such as unit, shape, size, aperture, and ornamentation. The data obtained were analyzed descriptively. Based on pollen diversity, 43 species and 22 plant families were live around Trigonanest in Serang Village. Forty-one pollen types were found inside the Trigonas' nest, with 37 of them are identic to the pollen collected from flowers around the nest. It can be concluded that 37 species of flowering plants could be determined as food resources for the Trigona bee based on pollen diversity inside the nest. This research provides the first data about feed resources for Trigona bee in Serang Village based on pollen diversity. The results provide essential information about food resources, which is vital for the development of Trigona bee cultivation.
Geochronology of Cadmium (Cd), Cuprum (Cu), and Arsenics (As) in Annual Band of Coral Porites lutea at Pantai Kondang Merak, Malang Oktiyas Muzaky Luthfi; Sigit Rijatmoko; Andik Isdianto; Daduk Setyohadi; Alfan Jauhari; Ali Arman Lubis
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 11, No 2 (2019): August 2019
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v11i2.19991

Abstract

Coral reef is a massive natural building block that mainly composed of hard coral. In ecological view coral reef is the center of biological activity for shelter, foraging and feeding place. Porites lutea is a common coral in reef flat area such as in Pantai Kondang Merak. This coral can form a massive with hillocky colony surface and has a slow linear extension rate, that made this coral has long longevity. The annual growth band of coral skeleton provide information of pollutants in the coastal extending back over several years ago due to ability of coral aragonite traped trace metal from environment. The aim of this research was to determine the concentration of trace metals of Cd, Cu and As along with the coral annual banding. The heavy metals detection was performed using ICP-OES (iCAP 7400 Series). The concentration of Cd, Cu and As in sample 1 (KM1) were 2.236 mg/kg, 9.726 mg/kg, and 2.474 mg/kg, while sample 2 (KM2) were 1.989 mg/kg, 19.157 mg/kg, and 2,064 mg/kg respectively. Two ways mechanism of trace metals to be trapped in the coral skeleton are by direct mechanism when trace metals in a form dissolved ion that were uptaken by coral then stored into coral skeleton and by indirect mechanism when particulate metals ingested by plankton then eaten by coral through coral tissue. The tracing of heavy metal in coral is provided important information of environment condition of the sea from 2009 - 2015 that may be used for authority decision regarding pollutant ambient in the sea environment.
Development of Science Learning Tool Based on Problem Based Learning with Google Classroom to Improve Argumentation Skill Ade Cyntia Pritasari; Jumadi Jumadi
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 10, No 2 (2018): August 2018
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v10i2.14320

Abstract

Using science learning tools will optimize the learning process. Good learning process will train the skill needed in the 21st century, including the skills of argumentation. From this point of view, an science learning tool based on problem based learning with google classroom has developed in this study. This study aimeds to test the appropriateness of science learning tool and the effectiveness of science learning tool developed in improving argumentation skill. This study was an research and development (RD) research using 4D method from Thiagarajan with four stages including define, design, develop, and disseminate. The product trials have been conducted in 7th grade students of State Junior High School 2 Magelang at second semester of year 2017/2018. The data collection was done by non-test and test technique. Based on the results of the research note that learning tools developed theoretically declared valid based on expert assessment with very good category and effective in improving students’ argumentation skill. Learning tool based on problem based learning with google classroom is a new approach to learning with the capability to the transform education in a better quality. Implementation of learning tool based on problem based learning with google classroom provide new alternatives in improving the quality of science education achievement.
PERTUMBUHAN, VIABILITAS DAN PRODUKSI KOKON ULAT SUTERA YANG DIBERI PAKAN BUATAN BERPENGAWET Nur Cholifah; Priyantini Widiyaningrum; Dyah Rini Indriyanti
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 4, No 1 (2012): March 2012
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v4i1.2268

Abstract

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan pertumbuhan, viabilitas dan produksi kokon ulat sutera Bombyx mori L yang diberi pakan alami dan pakan buatan berpengawet. Penelitian ini menggunakan ulat sutera Bombyx mori L. ras 301 hasil silangan ras Jepang dengan ras Cina yang diperoleh dari Pusat Produksi Ulat Sutera Temanggung. Variabel yang diukur selama penelitian adalah rata-rata pertambahan bobot badan, viabilitas, jumlah kokon,bobot kokon utuh dan kokon kosong. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan uji t. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian pakan buatan dan pakan alami menghasilkan perbedaan nyata terhadap pertumbuhan bobot badan, viabilitas, jumlah kokon, bobot kokon utuh dan kokon kosong. Pertumbuhan ulat sutera yang diberi pakan buatan berpengawet lebih rendah dibanding pertumbuhan ulat sutera dengan pakan alami, akan tetapi sebaliknya viabilitas dan produksi kokon lebih baik. The aim of this research was to compare the difference of growth, viability and cocoon production of silkworm (Bombyx mori L) fed by natural food and preserved artificial food. The artificial food were prepared with the addition of preservatives. The research used the silkworms Bombyx mori L variant 301 resulted from the crossbreeding between the Japanese silkworms and the Chinese silkworms obtained from PPUS, Temanggung. The parameters observed were the average body weight gain, the viability and the production of cocoon (the weight of the whole cocoon and the weight of empty cocoon). The data obtained was analyzed using t-test. The result confirmed that the artificial feeding and the natural feeding showed a significant difference in the increase of body weight, the viability and the production of cocoons of Bombyx mori L. It was concluded that the growth of body weight of silkworms fed with artificial feeding was lower than those fed with natural feeding, but higher in the viability and the cocoon production.

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