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Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education
Published by Universitas Negeri Semarang
ISSN : 2085191X     EISSN : 23387610     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Biosaintifika Journal of Biology & Biology Education, an electronic international journal, provides a forum for publishing the original research articles, review articles from contributors, and the novel technology news related to biological research and biological education.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 1,068 Documents
 72   73   74   75   76 
Morphological Diversity of Local Sorghum Cultivar (Sorghum bicolor) of East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia Ite Morina Yostianti Tnunay; Tatik Chikmawati; Miftahudin Miftahudin
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 11, No 1 (2019): April 2019
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v11i1.15199

Abstract

Sorghum has great potential to be developed in marginal lands of Indonesia including East Nusa Tenggara. However, the information about sorghum diversity in this area was very limited. This research aimed to describe morphological variation, and assessing the value of genetic diversity based on morphological characters of local sorghum cultivar of East Nusa Tenggara. The exploration and sample collection were conducted in 3 islands, i.e.: Timor, Sumba, and Flores. The observation of morphological characters was based on sorghum descriptor. Morphological character similarities were analyzed using Simple Matching (SM) coefficient, and a dendrogram was constructed using Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Average (UPGMA) method. The results showed that 36 accessions of sorghum in East Nusa Tenggara varied in 17 morphological characters. At the similarity coefficients of 48%, all sorghum accessions were separated into 2 groups based on the presence or absence of aleurone layer. Group I consisted of 12 accessions with no aleurone layer, while group II consisted of 24 accessions has aleurone layer. The genetic diversity of sorghum of East Nusa Tenggara is low (I=0.62–0.71 and h=0.37-0.42). The genetic diversity between populations (HT=0.4203) is higher than within populations (HS=0.3961). This study provides the first complete information about sorghum diversity in East Nusa Tenggara that will be useful as basic information for sorghum development in this area in the future.
Analysis of The Open Reading Frame (ORF) 29-TrnC (GCA) Sequence to Detect Indica and Japonica Sub Species on Upland Rice of Situ Bagendit and Inbred Rice of Ciherang Rohma Istiana; Hermin Pancasakti Kusumaningrum; Rejeki Siti Ferniah
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 10, No 1 (2018): April 2018
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v10i1.12626

Abstract

The identification and the characterization of genetic diversity of rice was the first step in the rice plant breeding program. This study aimed to detect indica or japonica sub-species on upland rice Situ Bagendit and inbred rice Ciherang using molecular markers ORF 29-TrnC (GCA) on the chloroplast genome. Rice was included to the indica sub-species if the 32 bp insertion on ORF 29-TrnC (GCA) sequence was found, on the contrary, if the deletion 32 bp on ORF 29-TrnC (GCA) was found then it was included to the japonica sub-species. DNA isolation was examined from the leaves of the rice plants, and then it tested quantitatively to determine the transparency and DNA concentration from the isolation results. PCR amplification was performed using a pair of primers CP2 and it was followed by agarose gel electrophoresis. The visualization of the DNA bands used the gel documentation. Sequencing of PCR products produced a long base 390 bp in Situ Bagendit rice and 390 bp in Ciherang rice. Analysis of the sequences showed that the insertions occurred throughout the 32 bp in Situ Bagendit rice and the insertions occurred throughout the 32 bp in Ciherang rice. The results showed that upland rice Situ Bagendit and inbred rice Ciherang were included in the indica sub-species. The knowledge of variety of genetics of rice can be used as bio-information in the plant breeding program. Further, the knowledge can be used to protect in genetic power source, the selection and the composing of superior varieties of rice which is tolerant with kinds of biotic and abiotic factor.
Species Diversity of Epiphyte Fern Plants in Curug Lawe Waterfall Region, Semarang District Rizky Wahyu Saputro; Sri Utami; Lilih Khotimperwati
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 13, No 3 (2021): December 2021
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v13i3.31422

Abstract

Epiphyte fern plants are fern plants that grow attached to the phorophyte tree. Existence of fern plants are effected by tree bark and environmental condition in which they grow. This research aimed to study the species composition, important value index, diversity index, evenness index, and similarity index of epiphyte fern plants in the Curug Lawe Waterfall Region Semarang District. This research was conducted on 5 research stations i.e. clove plantations area (CPA), irrigation canal (IC), mixed forest (MF), river flow (RF), and waterfall area (WA). The research used plot technique with plot size 10 m x 10 m. The results showed 11 species of epiphyte fern from 8 families were found. The highest important value index is obtained by Goniophlebium serratifolium. The diversity index of epiphyte fern plants are categorized as low and moderate. The evenness index of epiphyte fern plants are categorized as not evenly distributed, quite evenly distributed, and almost evenly distributed. The highest similarity index is in irrigation canal (IC) and river flow (RF). Environmental conditions in Curug Lawe Waterfall Region are suitable for epiphyte fern plants habitat. This research is novel as it provides some information about the community structure of epiphyte ferns in Curug Lawe Waterfall Region and to engage all peoples to maintain our biodiversity keep sustainable.
Varian Kualitatif Kacang Tanah Hasil Kultur in Vitro dan Hasil Seleksi in Vitro (Qualitative Variants of Peanut Plants Obtained from in-Vitro Culture and in-Vitro Selection) Enni Suwarsi Rahayu; Sudarso -
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 1, No 1 (2009): March 2009
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v1i1.37

Abstract

issue cultures that have passed callus phase can induce somaclonal variation, of which the intensity was influenced by the addition of selective agents to culture media. Somaclonal variations of peanut plant obtained from in-vitro cultured and in-vitro selected somatic embryos using PEG was not yet understood. The objectives of this research were 1) to identify the qualitative variants of peanut plant var. Kelinci obtained from in-vitro cultured and in-vitro selected somatic embryos using PEG, 2) to estimate the factors that control the qualitative variants. The non-selected and the selected variant somatic embryos of peanut were germinated and cultured. From fertile R0 lines, sufficient number of R1 and R2 progenies were grown for evaluation. The results showed that phenotypic variations of qualitative characters can be observed among R0, R1 and R2 generations of somaclonal lines. Variant phenotypes of qualitative characters can be observed, these include wide branching, excessive branching, leaf variegation, leaflet number abnormality, leaf pointed tip, ‘rosette’ leaf, complete sterility and partial sterility. The data indicated that wide branching, excessive branching, leaflet number abnormality, partial sterility and complete sterility were genetically controlled, while variant phenotypes of ‘rosette‘ leaf, leaf variegation, and leaf pointed tip were epigenetically controlled. Key words: somaclonal variant, qualitative characters, in vitro selection, in vitro culture
Chitosan as Chelating and Protective Agents from Lead Intoxication in Rat Aditya Marianti; Debi Anatiasara; Fachrudyn Faisal Ashar
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 9, No 1 (2017): April 2017
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v9i1.8943

Abstract

Increasing accumulation of lead in body causes serious health problems. Chelation is widely used to decrease lead level in body. This research aims the effectivity of chitosan in chelating lead and their protective ability toward liver and kidney for lead acetate-induced rat. Thirty rats were divided into 6 treatment groups. All groups, except control group, were administered by 175 mgkg-1 BW lead acetate. Positive control group was treated using EDTA 50 mgkg-1 BW. Treatment group 1,2, and 3 were treated using chitosan in dose of 64, 32, and 16 mgkg-1 BW dissolved in 2% acetic acid, respectively in 30 days. The effectivity of chitosan was compared to blood lead level. ALT and AST level were measured to determine the protective ability of chitosan. Normal function of kidney was assessed using creatinine level. Results showed that blood lead level from all treatment groups, except negative control group, had no significant difference from control group. EDTA and chitosan ability in chelating lead were proven by low level of AST, ALT, and creatinine in treatment groups. This indicated that there was no significant difference from control group. Chitosan capable of chelating lead and protecting kidney and liver from heavy metal.  
Keanekaragaman Jenis Kupu-Kupu Superfamili Papilionoidae di Banyuwindu, Limbangan Kendal Ratna Oqtafiana; Bambang Priyono; Margareta Rahayuningsih
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 5, No 1 (2013): March 2013
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v5i1.3924

Abstract

Kupu-kupu turut memberi andil dalam mempertahankan keseimbangan ekosistem dan memperkaya keanekaragaman hayati. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui keanekaragaman jenis kupu-kupu superfamili Papilionoidae di Dukuh Banyuwindu Desa Limbangan Kecamatan Limbangan Kabupaten Kendal khususnya di habitat hutan sekunder, permukiman, Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS) dan persawahan.Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah semua jenis kupu-kupu superfamili Papilionoidae yang ada di Banyuwindu, Limbangan Kendal. Sampel penelitian ini adalah jenis kupu-kupu superfamili Papilionoidae yang teramati di Banyuwindu Limbangan Kendal khususnya di habitat hutan sekunder, permukiman, DAS dan persawahan. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode Indeks Point Abudance (IPA) atau metode titik hitung.Hasil penelitian ditemukan sebanyak 62 jenis kupu-kupu superfamili Papilionoidae yang terdiri dari 737 individu yang tergolong kedalam empat famili yaitu Papilionidae, Pieridae, Lycaenidae dan Nymphalidae. Hasil analisis indeks keanekaragaman jenis berkisar antara 2,74-3,09, indeks kemerataan jenis berkisar antara 0,86-0,87 dan memiliki dominansi berkisar antara 0,07-0,09. Indeks keanekaragaman jenis dan indeks kemerataan jenis tertinggi tercatat pada habitat permukiman yaitu 3,09 dan 0,87 dan memiliki dominansi 0,07 sedangkan terendah tercatat pada habitat persawahan yaitu 2,74 dan 0,86 dan memiliki dominansi 0,07.Butterfly also contribute in maintaining the ecological balance and enrich biodiversity. The aim of this research was to determine the diversity of butterflies’ superfamily Papilionoidae in Banyuwindu Hamlet Limbangan Sub district Kendal Regency, especially in the secondary forest habitat, settlements, river flow area (RFA) and rice field. The population in this research were all kinds of butterflies’ Papilionoidae superfamily in Banyuwindu, Limbangan Kendal. The sample was kind of butterfly superfamily Papilionoidae that observed in Banyuwindu Limbangan Kendal especially in secondary forest habitat, settlements, RFA and rice field. This research was conducted using Index point Abundance (IPA) or point count method. The result of this research indicate 62 species of butterflies’ Papilionoidae superfamily consisting of 737 individuals were classified into four families that Papilionidae, Pieridae, Lycaenidae and Nymphalidae have been found. The results of the analysis of species diversity index ranged from 2.74 to 3.09, evenness index ranged from 0.86 to 0.87 and has a range between 0.07 to 0.09 dominance. Species diversity index and evenness index highest in residential habitats are 3.09 and 0.87 and have dominance 0.07 while the lowest was recorded in rice field habitats are 2.74 and 0.86, and has a 0.07 dominance.
Plantlet Formation and Acclimatization of Sugarcane cv. PS 881 with Different Types and Concentration of Auxin Rendie Prasetyo; Sugiyono Sugiyono; Elly Proklamasiningsih; Prita Sari Dewi
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 12, No 3 (2020): December 2020
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v12i3.23482

Abstract

This research has been carried out with a view to induce rooting and  plantlet formation, followed by acclimatization.  Micro shoots of sugarcane cv. PS 881 were cultured on Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with different types and concentration of auxins for root induction. This research conducted experimentally using a split-plot design. The main plots were three types of auxins, which consisted of IAA, IBA, and NAA. The subplots were auxin concentrations with four levels, i.e. 0 μM, 5 μM, 10 μM, and 15 μM. Significantly faster root emergence time and higher number of roots observed in the Murashige and Skoog basal medium supplemented with 10 μM NAA. The best root length obtained in the Murashige and Skoog basal medium supplemented with NAA 0 μM. Plantlets derived from NAA 10 μM treatment showed the best performance during acclimation with a 100% survival rate. NAA at a concentration of 10 µM considered to be the best treatment in  plantlet formation and acclimatization of sugarcane cv. PS 881. This study showed that the use of MS medium with 10 uM NAA is able to increase the growth of PS 881 sugarcane plantlets. The results of this study can increase the availability of high quality seedlings and increase national sugar production.
The Effect of Turmeric and Ginger Powder on Japanese Quail (Coturnix coturnix) Serum Lipid Profile Meilinda Pahriana Sulastri; Hasan Basri
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 11, No 2 (2019): August 2019
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v11i2.19228

Abstract

Lipids are essential fatty acids. Lipids function as a source of energy and structural constituent components of Japanese quails. Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) is one of the livestock sectors that is efficient in providing nutrients, both from eggs and meat. However, this animal has high cholesterol levels. This study aimed to determine the effect of organic feed on the cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL (High Density Lipoprotein), and LDL (Low Density Lipoprotein) level of Japanese quail. This study used an experimental method with a completely randomized design (CRD). The test animals were 30 females Japanese quail which were divided into 3 groups (2 individuals each) with different treatments i.e. P0: control (commercial feed); P1: standard organic feed (corn, soybean, bran and fish meal); P2: special organic feed (corn, soybean, bran, fish meal, cassava leaves, turmeric and ginger powder). Each treatment consisted of 5 replications. Feed was given for 2 months and at the end of the treatment, the blood was collected for analysis. Data obtained were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and continued with Duncan test with a confidence of 95% (α=0.05). Analysis was performed using SPSS software 16.0 for windows. The results showed that the effect of organic feed containing cassava leaves, turmeric and ginger powder is significantly different on live weight, and not significantly different on feed consumption and drinking consumption. Moreover, the provision of that special organic feed was able to stabilize the cholesterol and HDL levels, and reduce LDL levels in Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica).
The Effect of NAA and Ga3on The Growth Performance of Ceriops tagal Seedling Rini Budihastuti; Erma Prihastanti; Yulita Nurchayati
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 10, No 2 (2018): August 2018
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v10i2.13625

Abstract

Plant Growth Regulator (PGR) had been widely utilized in improving plant quality and productivity. The mechanism includes the manipulation of plant adaptibility over environmental stress. This research aimed to study the efect of PGR on the growth of C. tagal seedling and to formulate the applicable treatment to improve its growth performance. The research was conducted through laboratory experiment, including tthe combination of NAA and GA3 with the designed concentration of 0 ppm, 150 ppm and 300 ppm. The experiment lasted for one month and involved weekly observation. The plants were treated by spraying once every three days. Observations were conducted to the survival rate, height increment and leaf number development. ANOVA was conducted as statistical analysis method. The result showed that there were no significant effect of PGRs on the height increment of C. tagal seedling. The survival rate was lowest in the control and 150 ppm NAA treatments, while treatment with 300 ppm GA3was highest. The application of 300 ppm GA3was the best treatment for the livelihood of C. tagal seedling, while the application of 150 ppm GA3 was considerable alternative due to its growth performance. This research provide a novel finding concerning the application of PGRs on the seeding process of C. tagal. Thus, it could be applied in the seeding activities by the mangrove farmers to improve the productivity and quality of mangrove seedling.
ISOLASI DAN IDENTIFIKASI KHAMIR SECARA MORFOLOGI DI TANAH KEBUN WISATA PENDIDIKAN UNIVERSITAS NEGERI SEMARANG Jumiyati -; Siti Harnina Bintari; Ibnul Mubarok
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 4, No 1 (2012): March 2012
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v4i1.2265

Abstract

Tujuan penelitian untuk mengisolasi dan mengidentifikasi khamir secara morfologi di tanah Kebun Wisata Pendidikan Unnes. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksplorasi yang dilakukan di Laboratorium Mikrobiologi Jurusan Biologi FMIPA Unnes. Populasi penelitian adalah khamir di tanah Kebun Wisata Pendidikan Unnes. Sampel penelitian adalah isolat khamir yang diambil dengan teknik Purposive Sampling yaitu membagi kebun menjadi lima zona dan setiap zona diambil secara acak lima titik pengambilan kemudian dihomogenkan. Sampel dibawa ke Laboratorium untuk dilakukan isolasi, purifikasi dan identifikasi secara morfologi koloni dan sel. Simpulan penelitian ditemukan tujuh isolat khamir dan termasuk ke dalam lima genus yaitu Saccharomyces, Candida, Debaromyces, Brettanomyces dan Saccharomycodes. The purpose of the research was to isolate and to identify morphologically the individually-isolated yeasts from the soil of Biology Educational Garden Semarang State University. The exploration research was conducted in the Microbiology Laboratory Department of Biology, FMIPA Semarang State University. The yeasts were collected using purposive sampling technique in five zones and from each zone five random plots were selected to obtain the samples. Samples were isolated, purified and identified morphologically in terms of the colonies and the cells. Result revealed that seven isolated yeasts from five generas (Saccharomyces, Candida, Debaromyces, Brettanomyces, and Saccharomycodes) had been collected from the soil of Biology Educational Garden Semarang State University.

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