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INDONESIA
TEKNIK
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
ISSN : 08521697     EISSN : 24609919     DOI : -
Core Subject : Engineering,
Engineering
Journal yang mempublikasikan artikel-artikel ilmiah dari berbagai disiplin ilmu rekayasa/keteknikan. Artikel-artikel yang dipublikasikan di Jurnal TEKNIK meliputi hasil-hasil penelitian ilmiah asli (prioritas utama), artikel ulasan ilmiah yang bersifat baru (tidak prioritas), atau komentar atau kritik terhadap tulisan ilmiah yang dipublikasikan oleh Jurnal TEKNIK.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 522 Documents
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Life Cycle Assessment and Emission Mass Balance of Cassava-Based Bioethanol: A Feasibility Analysis of Environmental Impacts from Upstream to Downstream in Indonesia Fatimah, Nur Ayu; Hakeki, Alliqa Zafira; Sucahyo, Lilis
TEKNIK Vol 46, No 1 (2025) January 2025
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/teknik.v46i1.67533

Abstract

Bioethanol is a promising alternative biofuel for reducing gasoline consumption. Indonesia's bioethanol industry is expanding to achieve the energy mix target through Pertamax Green 95. The government also focuses on energy transition and environmental concerns, especially in the transportation sector. This research aims to inventory and assess the impacts of bioethanol production from cassava in Indonesia and analyze the feasibility of bioethanol consumption in vehicle exhaust emissions. The research method utilizes Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and emission mass balance as the essential analytical tools. The LCA analysis refers to SNI ISO 14040:2016 and SNI ISO 14044:2017, with a cradle-to-gate scope using ReCiPe 2016 Midpoint (H) to assess the potential environmental impact of Global Warming Potential (GWP), Stratospheric Ozone Depletion (SOD) and Terrestrial Acidification (TAC). Whereas vehicle emission feasibility is analyzed using the emission mass balance method to calculate emission concentrations. The research result shows the environmental impacts per liter of bioethanol production from cassava were GWP 11.88 kg CO2 eq, SOD 5.9x10-6 kg CFC11 eq, and TAC 0.04 kg SO2 eq. Emission feasibility analysis signifies that bioethanol combustion vehicles are lower than conventional gasoline. Therefore, it indicates energy and environmental added value through its life cycle.
Analysis of Erosion and Sedimentation Rates in Karian Reservoir using the USLE Method on the Reservoir's End-of-Life Capacity Pakpahan, Samuel Seprian; Sachro, Sri Sangkawati; Suharyanto, Suharyanto
TEKNIK Vol 46, No 2 (2025) April 2025
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/teknik.v46i2.67990

Abstract

Karian Reservoir is a multipurpose reservoir designed to meet raw water needs, provide irrigation water supply, reduce flooding, and generate micro-hydropower potential. It has a dead storage capacity of 46.4 million m³ with a projected service life of 100 years, based on the time required for sediment to fill the dead storage. The planned sedimentation rate of 579,162 m³/year was determined using an empirical formula derived from sediment curves based on tributary surveys conducted in 1995. If sedimentation exceeds dead storage capacity, the reservoir's lifespan and ability to meet water demands will be compromised, making it crucial to analyze sedimentation rates and distribution. Erosion rate analysis using the USLE method for the period 2017-2023 resulted in an average erosion rate of 1,249,177.27 tons/year, with a Sediment Delivery Ratio of 0.304 and a trap efficiency of 95%, leading to a sedimentation rate of 328,397.28 tons/year. The sediment deposition distribution over 100 years, estimated using the Empirical Area Reduction Method, indicated that the new base level would rise by 10.17 meters to an elevation of 30.17 meters. The remaining dead storage capacity is 21.12 million m³ (45.48%), with an effective storage capacity of 112.83 million m³ (96.38%). Theoretically, Karian Reservoir can still achieve its full service life..
Analysis of Initial Impoundment Using the F.J. Mock Flow Discharge Model at Pamukkulu Dam Nugraha, Hendy Adiyat; Wulandari, Dyah Ari; Suharyanto, Suharyanto
TEKNIK Vol 46, No 2 (2025) April 2025
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/teknik.v46i2.67500

Abstract

The construction of a dam consists of several stages, including construction preparation, construction planning, construction execution, and initial reservoir impoundment. This study aims to determine the duration of the initial impoundment of the Pamukkulu Reservoir during dry, normal, and wet years using the F.J. Mock water availability method. Water losses in this study include reservoir water release through the bottom outlet to meet irrigation water demand at a rate of 0.3 m³/s and reservoir evaporation. The calculation of the impoundment duration is based on the monthly accumulation of volume until reaching the total storage volume of 82.57 million m³ at a normal water level elevation of +126.00 meters. The analysis results indicate that the duration of the initial impoundment of the Pamukkulu Reservoir is 11.16 months (335 days) in a dry year with an inflow reliability of 31.81%, 8.66 months (260 days) in a normal year with an inflow reliability of 63.63%, and 7.63 months (229 days) in a wet year with an inflow reliability of 77.27%. The study concludes that the Pamukkulu Dam will reach its normal water level storage volume in December (first period) during a wet year classification.
Evaluation of Liquefaction Potential in the Budong-Budong Dam Foundation Plan to Prevent Dam Failure Due to Liquefaction Using a Deterministic Approach Erista, Dicky; Sukamta, Sukamta
TEKNIK Vol 46, No 2 (2025) April 2025
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/teknik.v46i2.67803

Abstract

The Budong-Budong Dam, located in the district of Central Mamuju, West Sulawesi Province, is currently under construction. The foundation plan of the dam is a layer of river deposits (alluvial) with a thickness of 25 m and a shallow water table depth, which has been shown to have liquefaction potential. This study aims to assess the liquefaction potential of the river deposit layer using some additional SPT test data. This research is expected to confirm the liquefaction potential of the river deposits layer so that it can be considered by the dam owner in determining the foundation excavation limit and prevent dam failure due to liquefaction. The liquefaction potential analysis was carried out using a semi-empirical procedure according to Idriss and Boulanger (2006). The analysis was performed under 2 (two) earthquake conditions, namely Operating Basis Earthquake (OBE) and Safety Evaluation Earthquake (SEE), using different values of fines content (5%, 15%, 35%) and earthquake magnitudes (6.8, 7.0, 7.3, 7.5 and 7.7). The analysis shows that the foundation plan of the Budong-Budong Dam has the potential for liquefaction under both OBE and SEE conditions, which generally occurs at a depth of about 10-12 m from the ground surface. The liquefaction potential of finer-grained river deposits tends to be lower
BENOSIN: Bread Waste Bioethanol Conversion Unit as an Innovation in Bioethanol Production Using Apple Peels to Achieve a Sustainable Green Economy Sulistyo, Khansa Praningdita; Salbina, Firda Cahya; Rahma, Azelia Anisa
TEKNIK Vol 46, No 1 (2025) January 2025
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/teknik.v46i1.67676

Abstract

Currently, fuel oil is a primary natural resource in the transport sector. However, the availability of fossil fuels is shrinking while the demand for fuel is rising. Expired bread is not worthy of consumption and is often discarded without being used as something more economical and environmentally friendly.   Therefore, the study aims to convert bread waste into bioethanol (C2H5OH) as a gasoline mixture that can reduce emissions of pollutants such as carbon monoxide (CO) and potentially improve air quality. These bioethanol products will create energy security, reducing dependence on a single energy source.   Bread waste serves as a substrate with an apple peel catalyst. This method of making bioethanol is through fermentation assisted by Saccharomyces cerevisiae with the addition of urea fertilizer as a nutrient. The multistage distillation column is equipped with hydrophobic material to help the separation process. The results of this study show that bioethanol from expired bread waste is worthy of being used as a gasoline mixture for motor vehicle fuel. The ethanol produced is directly proportional to the amount of bread waste, but there is still a maximum limit. The time variations used are 24 hours, 48 hours, and 72 hours.   Based on this study, the optimal condition of Saccharomyces cerevisiae works at a temperature range of 30-35°C with a pH of 4-6.
Slope Stability Analysis of the Bener Dam Cofferdam Using PLAXIS Application for Main Dam Construction Safety Halim, Ferdiansyah Imran; Wardani, Sri Prabandiyani R; Sadono, Kresno Wikan
TEKNIK Vol 46, No 2 (2025) April 2025
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/teknik.v46i2.68004

Abstract

Slope stability is one of the methods used to determine the safety factor of a hydraulic structure, such as a cofferdam. A cofferdam functions to retain water and divert it into a diversion channel, which may be in the form of a conduit or tunnel. Assessing the safety factor of a cofferdam is crucial to ensuring the smooth progress of dam body embankment work. While many studies have been conducted on dam body slope stability, research on cofferdam slope stability remains limited. This study aims to analyze the slope stability of the Bener Dam cofferdam using the finite element method with the PLAXIS application to ensure that the main dam construction remains unaffected. The data used for slope stability analysis were obtained from the Final Report of Bener Dam and several literature sources. The slope stability modeling was evaluated under three conditions: after construction (empty water level), flood water level, and rapid drawdown. The results indicate that the safety factor values for all three conditions exceed the required threshold, with values of 1.369 for after construction, 1.824 for normal water level, and 1.215 for flood water level. These results confirm that the main dam construction is not affected by the stability of the cofferdam.
Analysis of Water Availability at Margatiga Dam Setyawanto, Ega Rizky; Wulandari, Dyah Ari
TEKNIK Vol 46, No 2 (2025) April 2025
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/teknik.v46i2.67856

Abstract

A dam is a structural construction built to retain or store water and serves to distribute water for raw water supply, irrigation, and hydroelectric power generation. Margatiga Dam is the third and most downstream dam in the Sekampung River Cascade Dam System in Lampung Province. It functions to supply irrigation and raw water as well as to control floods. To meet water demand, an analysis of water availability is necessary to determine the difference between water availability and demand. This study aims to determine the water availability discharge during wet, normal, and dry years at Margatiga Dam. The study uses satellite rainfall data calibrated with ground station rainfall data from 2001 to 2023. The methods used include satellite rainfall data correction, potential evapotranspiration analysis using the modified Penman method, flow discharge analysis using the F.J. Mock method, and reliable discharge analysis using the Weibull method. The results show that the water availability discharge at Margatiga Dam is 13.96 m³/s in a wet year, 10.34 m³/s in a normal year, and 8.13 m³/s in a dry year.
Evaluation of Soil Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) Model Accuracy in Estimating Erosion and Sedimentation Rates in the Sutami Reservoir Watershed Wijaya, Hendri; Wulandari, Dyah Ari; Suripin, Suripin
TEKNIK Vol 46, No 2 (2025) April 2025
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/teknik.v46i2.67929

Abstract

The storage capacity of the reservoir is affected by poor management of the Watershed (DTA), which in turn influences erosion and sedimentation levels. In 1972, the erosion rate at Sutami Reservoir was 0,18 mm/year, rising to 1.44 mm/year by 2022. This data reflects a significant increase in the erosion rate within the Sutami Reservoir watershed, highlighting the need for effective watershed management modeling. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) is commonly used for watershed management assessment. This study aims to predict erosion and sedimentation rates using SWAT and evaluate the accuracy of its simulations through calibration and validation. The simulation results from SWAT show that the total erosion rate is 5,280.45 tons/ha/year, with a total sedimentation of 11,662,851.94 tons/year. Additionally, These results were compared with an analysis using the USLE method, which indicated an erosion rate of 5,178.98 tons/ha/year and sedimentation of 11,060,798.14 tons/year. The comparison of both methods showed similar outcomes, suggesting that the SWAT model provides reasonably accurate predictions. The calibration process, using observed discharge data from 2022 and SWAT-simulated discharge, yielded an NSE value of 0.778, classified as 'very good.' On the other hand, validation using discharge data from 2023 and SWAT-simulated discharge yielded an NSE value of 0.660, classified as "good." Based on these results, the SWAT simulation offers a reliable representation of calibration and validation, making it an appropriate model for this study.
Analysis of The Potential and Challenges of Developing Bagasse as Bioethanol Fuel Jovanka, Hanabell; Anindita, Fransisca Chiara
TEKNIK Vol 46, No 1 (2025) January 2025
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/teknik.v46i1.67662

Abstract

Bioethanol is an alternative energy source to fossil fuels derived from plant materials containing cellulose, such as sugarcane bagasse. According to data from the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources of the Republic of Indonesia, fuel consumption in Indonesia reached 29.68 million kiloliters in 2022. Transportation contributes the largest share of emissions at 80%. This study will review the potential and challenges of increasing bioethanol use as a 15% blend in non-diesel fuels by 2025. The research utilizes secondary data to produce solutions addressing these issues, concluding the overall analysis. The use of sugarcane bagasse as a bioethanol feedstock offers several advantages over traditional fuels, including (1) reducing carbon monoxide emissions by 19-25%, (2) lowering fuel costs, and (3) increasing octane value. Despite these benefits, bioethanol utilization faces challenges such as (1) the need for further research, (2) the requirement for advanced and expensive technology, and (3) raw material availability. Presidential Instruction No. 1/2006 emphasizes the need for biofuels, making this review essential. The study identifies steps to maximize the potential of bioethanol in reducing emissions and minimizing challenges.
IoT and Machine Learning-Based Electric Vehicle Development Strategy to Maximize Vehicle Life and Promote Green Mobility Candraningtyas, Callista Fabiola; Maulana, Fikri Arkan; Achmad, Alles Anandhita
TEKNIK Vol 46, No 1 (2025) January 2025
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/teknik.v46i1.67383

Abstract

This research explores innovative strategies for developing electric vehicles based on the Internet of Things (IoT) and Machine Learning with the aim of maximizing service life and encouraging green mobility. In the face of the climate crisis and the increasing need for sustainable energy, electric vehicles offer a potential solution to reduce carbon emissions in the transportation sector. However, the challenges of optimizing battery life and energy efficiency require new, smarter and more connected approaches. This research integrates IoT technology with machine learning to create a more efficient electric vehicle ecosystem. This technology enables extended battery life through better usage management, increased energy efficiency through operational optimization, and predictive maintenance that reduces vehicle downtime. The research methodology includes testing prototypes of electric vehicles equipped with IoT technology, field trials to collect performance data, comprehensive analysis, and data processing to evaluate the effectiveness of the implemented strategies. The research results show that the integration of IoT and Machine Learning in electric vehicles can significantly increase battery life, energy efficiency, and make a positive contribution to green mobility. This development strategy is expected to advance electric vehicle technology in Indonesia, reduce dependence on fossil fuels, and create a cleaner and more sustainable environment.

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