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Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research
Published by Universitas Padjadjaran
ISSN : 25277332     EISSN : 26140020     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research (PCPR) is an international, peer-reviewed journal, publishing original research, review, case reports, and commentaries on all aspects of pharmacology and clinical pharmacy. The journal aims to contribute to the scientific committee by publishing the high quality articles. It is published 3 times a year to provide a forum for pharmacologists, pharmacists, and other healthcare professionals to share best practice, encouraging networking, and a more collaborative approach in pharmacology and clinical pharmacy.
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Articles 5 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 4, No 2" : 5 Documents clear
Anti-Hyperglycemic Activity of Phyllanthus emblica Leaves and Bark in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rats Maria Ulfah; Novi I. Fauzi; Nela Simanjuntak; Anastasia Sinuraya
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 4, No 2
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (87.403 KB) | DOI: 10.15416/pcpr.v4i2.24524

Abstract

Phyllanthus emblica is empirically used to treat various diseases. Chemical compounds in this plant includes benzene derivatives, diterpen and monoterpen, furanolacton, flavonoids and sterols. The purpose of this research is to investigate anti-hyperglycemic activity of P. emblica. The diabetic animal model was obtained by administration of alloxan 120 mg/kg BW intraperitonial. The rats were divided into 9 groups, i.e., normal group, negative control (1% CMC), positive control (glibenclamide 0.5 mg/kg BW) and P. emblica leaves and bark ethanol extract at the dose of 500, 750, and 1000 mg/kg BW. Determination of flavonoid content was performed through colorimetric method using UV-Vis spectrophotometer at 425 nm. After 7 days of induction, the entire group was treated for 21 days, fasting blood glucose was performed on days 0, 1, 8, 15 and 22. Then the data of fasting blood glucose level in mice was treated with one way ANOVA analysis and advanced test with post hoc Least Significant Differences (LSD) method. The percentage of the blood glucose decrease from the animal treated with leaves extract at doses of 500, 750 and 1000 mg/kg BW, respectively, were 22.47%; 21.03%; and 24.52%, while those of bark extract were 32.19%; 31.61%; and 37.24%, respectively. Determination of total flavonoid level showed that the highest amount of flavonoids was observed in leaves (35.838 mg/g Quercetin). In conclusion, P. emblica bark and leaves showed anti-hyperglycemic activity.  Keywords: anti-hyperglycemic,  alloxan, Phyllanthus emblica, Wistar 
Toxicity Assay of Fermented Artocarpus altilis Leaves Using Brine Shrimp Lethality Test Hesti Riasari; Yessi Febriani; Winda A. Nurfauziah
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 4, No 2
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (133.738 KB) | DOI: 10.15416/pcpr.v4i2.24525

Abstract

Fermented  Artocarpus altilis leaves contains phenolic compound  that has pharmacological activity. Differences in fermentation method, i.e., aerobic and anaerobic fermentation might change its characteristics and biological activity. The purpose of this study was to compare toxicity properties between aerobically and anaerobically fermented  Artocarpus altilis leaves  using brine shrimp lethality (BSL) test. Both types of fermented leaves were cold extracted using ethanol solvent (1:6) for 3 x 24 hours. Phytochemical screening was then performed to examine the presence of secondary metabolite compounds. BSL test was performed in 7 treatment groups, i.e., negative control, 1000, 500, 100, 50, 25, 12.5 ppm of extract. Each vial contained 10 Artemia larvae, extract, and sea water up to 10 ml. Toxicity is measured by calculating LC50 after 24 hours observation. The  experiment was repeated three times. The results of the study showed that LC50 of aerobic extract was 712 ppm, thus it can be categorized as toxic, while that of anaerobic extract is 1.927 ppm, or non-toxic to the Artemia salina larvae. In conclusion, aerobically fermented  Artocarpus altilis leaves had toxicity potency, while anaerobically fermented  Artocarpus altilis leaves had no toxicity potency against Artemia salina in BSL test. Key words: Artocarpus altilis, brine shrimp lethality test, toxicity.
Evaluation of Medication Use Patterns among Geriatric Patients using World Health Organization Prescribing Indicators Irma M. Puspitasari; Ani Hanifah; Rano K. Sinuraya
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 4, No 2
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (19.166 KB) | DOI: 10.15416/pcpr.v4i2.24527

Abstract

Geriatrics patients are paticularly suceptible to medication error due to complex clinical problems and multiple treatment. World Health Organization (WHO) published a set of prescribing indicators to promote rationale use of drug. This study aimed to evaluate medicine use pattern in geriatric patients at a primary care facility in Bandung, Indonesia, using WHO indicators. This research was conducted using cross sectional design with retrospective data collection. Medical presciption from geriatric patients aged 60-74 years old visiting primary care facility during 2013-2015 were selected. A total of 103.292 prescriptions were obtained in this study. The average number of drugs per encounter  was 2.1 (optimal range=1.6-1.8).   Vast majority (99.41%) of the drugs prescribed were generic drugs (optimal value=100%). The encounters with an antibiotics prescribed were 7.4% (optimal range=20.0-26.8%). Very few parenteral drugs were prescribed in this study setting (0.04%) (optimal range=13.4-24.1%). The drugs prescribed from essential drug list were 72.83% (optimal value=100%).  The most commonly prescribed drugs were paracetamol 500 mg, chlorpheniramine maleat 4 mg, amlodipine 5 mg, vitamin B complex, and glyceryl guaiacolat. The most frequently prescribed antibiotics were amoxicillin, cloramphenicol, cyprofloxacin, clindamycin, and oxytetracyclin.  In conclusion,  the medication use pattern in this study was below the WHO requirement. This finding called for a strategy to promote rational prescribing of medicines.  Keywords: geriatrics, WHO prescribing indicators, drug use patterns
Plectranthus scutellarioides (L.) Reduces the Rectal Temperature of Diphteria-Pertussis-Tetanus Vaccine-Induced Mice Yudha Prabowo; Nyi M. Saptarini; Sri A. Sumiwi; Jutti Levita; Imam A. Wicaksono; Moelyono Moektiwardoyo
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 4, No 2
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (109.056 KB) | DOI: 10.15416/pcpr.v4i2.23690

Abstract

The pharmacological activities of Plecranthus sp include anti-oxidant, antimicrobial, inhibition on cyclooxygenase (COX) and xanthine oxidase, and cytotoxic activity. The aim of this work was to study the antipyretic activity of P. scutellarioides (L.) extract on animal model. Twenty seven Swiss Webster male mice were divided into nine groups and were pyrexia-induced by using 0.1 ml of diphteria-pertussis-tetanus (DPT) vaccine. Their body temperature was measured every 60 minutes. After 4 hours of DPT vaccine injection, the mice were treated with (I) Arabic gum suspension (PGA) 2%; (II) paracetamol 16.25 mg/kg BW; (III) paracetamol 32.5 mg/kg BW; (IV) paracetamol 65 mg/kg BW; (V) paracetamol 130 mg/kg BW; (VI) P. scutellarioides extract 70 mg/kg BW; (VII) P. scutellarioides extract 140 mg/kg BW; (VIII) P. scutellarioides extract 280 mg/kg BW; (IX) P. scutellarioides extract 560 mg/kg BW. Data were analyzed using SPSS 21. Result showed that the body temperature of the mice started to rise at 2.5 hours and reached its peak at 4 hours after vaccine induction. The P. scutellarioides extract dose 280 mg/kg of BW indicated an 80.47% decrease (α= 0.05) compared to paracetamol dose 130 mg/kg of BW which decreases 85.43% of the animals’ fever. Interestingly, higher dose of the extract indicated a decrease in the antipyretic effect. We concluded that P. scutellarioides might possess antipyretic activity which started as early as 5 hours post vaccine-induced and was maintained for 3 hours. This plant needs further scientific exploration Keywords: Diphteria-pertusis-tetanus vaccine, anti-pyretic, rectal temperature, Webster mice  
Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Marine Sponge Aaptos sp. to the Plasma Interleukin-1β Level in Wistar Male Rats Adryan Fristiyohadi; Wahyuni Wahyuni; Wa OIL. Kalimin; La OMJ. Permana; Saripuddin Saripuddin; Idin Sahidin
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 4, No 2
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (105.584 KB) | DOI: 10.15416/pcpr.v4i2.24269

Abstract

Inflammation is the response of the body to injury and infection characterized by swelling, heat, pain, and redness. This study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of Aaptos sp. ethanolic extract to plasma interleukin (IL)-1β level of Wistar male rats. Aaptos sp. was macerated with 96% ethanol for 3 x 24 hours. Inflammation was induced with administration of 1% carrageenan intraplantarly. Animals were divided into 5 treatment groups, i.e., positive control  (diclofenac sodium 3598 ppm); Aaptos sp extract 50 ppm; Aaptos sp extract 100 ppm Aaptos sp extract 200 ppm; and negative control (0.5% Na CMC). After 1 hour, blood was collected and assayed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. The results showed that plasma IL-1β levels of animals were decreased by Aaptos sp ethanolic extract. The administration of 50 ppm of extract showed no significant difference (p>0.05)  in IL-1β level in first and second hour measurement, but indicated a statistically significant decrease after three hour (p<0.05). The administration of 100 ppm of extract showed no significant difference (p>0.05) in every hour. Significant reduction was observed in the administration of 200 ppm of extract, but the elevation of IL-1β levels was also observed at third hour measurement. In conclusion, ethanolic extract of Aaptos sp. had anti-inflammatory activity and its effective dose was 50 ppm.   

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