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INDONESIA
IHiS (Indonesian Historical Studies)
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
ISSN : -     EISSN : 25794213     DOI : -
Core Subject : Humanities, Art,
Arts Humanities
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 8 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol 6, No 1 (2022)" : 8 Documents clear
Proposing Indonesia History Teaching that Transcends Political Ideologies Nasution Nasution
IHiS (Indonesian Historical Studies) Vol 6, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ihis.v6i1.13571

Abstract

The teaching of Indonesian history, in many cases in school, remains dominated by history of politics and political indoctrination, underscoring the need for critical and holistic learning. This paper aims to analyze the Indonesian National History textbooks used in schools, and to examine the possibility of teaching Indonesian history that goes beyond political indoctrination and is holistic. The method used in this paper is the analysis of an Indonesian National History textbooks that have been used as the main textbook for the history subject in schools. The teaching of Indonesian history in schools is still dominated by a single version of historical events. The narratives of Indonesian history lessons often ignore different perspectives, or other aspects of historical events that are of interest. Indonesian history does not only belong to the winners. A holistic approach to the teaching of history is expected to help enrich students' knowledge of past events and provide a clearer picture of the history of a multicultural society. For example, a discussion of the Benteng economic policy should not only revolve around the points of view of one ethnic group and ignore the suffering of others. In other cases, discussions on the PKI revolt often neglect human rights aspects, et cetera. Not only should students gain knowledge about past events based on the dominant interpretations, but are also exposed to the narratives of marginalized people. Not only that, history lessons should also cover aspects that include arts, literature, painting, music and other cultural products. In the end, a holistic approach enriches students’ understanding of a historical event, foster a positive attitude and inspire them to learn about stories that have been under-heard or deliberately marginalized.
PNI Political Strategy to Win the 1955 Election in Indonesia Agustina Wilujeng Pramestuti; Yety Rochwulaningsih; Singgih Tri Sulistiyono
IHiS (Indonesian Historical Studies) Vol 6, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ihis.v6i1.14043

Abstract

This article aims to reveal the reason and how the Indonesian Nationalist Party (PNI) succeeded in becoming the winning party of the General Election (Pemilu) in Indonesia in 1955 by gaining the most votes as many as 8,434,653 votes, followed by the Indonesian Muslim Shura Council Party (Masyumi) of 7,903,886 votes and Nahdlatul Ulama Party (NU) of 6,955,141 votes. The 1955 election was the first direct election in Indonesia to be the most democratic in history since the campaign did not only take place in big cities, but had reached villages and even remote villages. The atmosphere of contestation was very strong, but it was not accompanied by a violent conflict even though the contestation was from political parties with very different ideological backgrounds. In this context, the political strategy pursued by the PNI is very interesting, that is by consolidating politics both internally and externally. To examine the problems, historical methods were used in which data were excavated from primary sources including news and articles in newspapers and magazines, as well as minutes of parliamentary meetings regarding the Election. The results of the analysis showed that the PNI performed politics consolidation through cooperation with various groups and political parties of any ideology. In addition, the PNI also adopted the conception of Sukarno's thinking to mobilize supporters, including through meetings, open meetings attended by the people by presenting prominent nationalist figures as their orators. The issues raised in the campaign had distinctive characteristics of nationalism, citizenship, and mutual cooperation.
Defending Indonesian Sovereignty through Mass Media: Radio Rimba Raya in the Revolutionary War Habibi Muttaqin; Sabil Mokodenseho; Febby Widjayanto
IHiS (Indonesian Historical Studies) Vol 6, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ihis.v6i1.13821

Abstract

Radio as a medium of information plays an important role in the history of Indonesia's struggle. This study was conducted because of the previous studies on the movement to defend Indonesia's independence, only a few uses radio as a means of struggle. Radio Rimba Raya (RRR), which was established in Aceh. The aim is to analyze the role of RRR in defending Indonesian Independence, especially during the Second Dutch Military Aggression in 1948 and the General Offensive on March 1, 1949. Using the historical method, this study found that RRR became an important medium for nationalists to communicate orders and information, as well as providing an opportunity for Indonesia to thwart propaganda and dismiss Dutch provocations. Due to the importance of RRR in Indonesia's struggle, it can be concluded that one of the media for Indonesia's struggle and success against the Dutch was RRR with its messages that crossed the vast expanse of the contested area. The messages of struggle that were broadcast through the RRR were an important part of Indonesia's political strategy, both in dismissing Dutch propaganda and provocations and in guarding the agendas of Dutch-Indonesian diplomacy so that they were known to the public at home and abroad.
The Remnants of Ancient Java as a Sign System in Bagelen Central Java Niken Wirasanti
IHiS (Indonesian Historical Studies) Vol 6, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ihis.v6i1.13425

Abstract

This research explored the cultural traces of the Ancient Mataram community in South Kedu, Bagelen region, Central Java. There areabundant archaeological data to study these traces – Hindu and Buddhist statues, lingga-yoni, lingga pathok, rings, lamps, and fiveinscriptions, namely the Watukura (902 AD, Kayu Ara Hiwang (911 AD), Sipater (circa 900 AD), Ayam Têas (901 AD), and Pendem (881 AD). In addition, there are more than 26 archaeological sites in Bagelen region. Statues, lingga-yoni, lamps, and rings are correlated with the contents of the inscriptions, all of which show how the system and social structure of the residents worked and functioned in Bagelen region. These artifacts are a system of sign that describes the religious activities during the Rakai Watukura Dyah Balitung period of the Ancient Mataram. The research was aimed to obtain an overview of how material culture as a sign system is interpreted by the community. The research method used was a structural approach by analyzing signs and meanings of artifact data and inscriptions. The findings showed how the manifested culture in Bagelan region reflected a certain spirituality concept with local and cultural identification.
Political Strategy of Nahdlatul Ulama Party in Cirebon Regency during 1952-1967 Ahmad Faiz Rofi'i; Yety Rochwulaningsih; Alamsyah Alamsyah
IHiS (Indonesian Historical Studies) Vol 6, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ihis.v6i1.13267

Abstract

At the 1952 Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) Congress in Palembang, 1952, NU officially broke away from Masyumi and declared itself a political party. From then on, NU emerged as a growing force in both local and national political scenes. In the 1955 elections in Cirebon, the NU party emerged as the winner and the only branch in West Java that received the most votes. The political strategy of the NU Party in Cirebonin the run-up to the 1955 general election was based on the instructions of the Nahdlatul Ulama Executive Board (PBNU) to immediately organize party activities; among others by recruiting non-party members and preparing funding. The emergence of local kiai (religious leaders) who had extensive networks in the villages and Islamic boarding schools also contributed to the NU party’s victory. After the 1955 elections, the Cirebon NU Party highlighted unilateral actions by the PKI. During the September 30, 1965 Movement (Gestapu), mass killings broke out in Central Java and East Java but similar violence did not occur in Cirebon, though there was small outbreaks of violence. In response to the political situation in Indonesia and considering the situation at the local level, PBNU held its 24th Congress in Bandung 1967. By employing the historical method, this study discusses the political strategy of the NU party in Cirebon Regency before and after the 1955 election.
Urban Dealing with Pandemic: Comparative Responses on Spanish Flu and the Covid-19 Era in Indonesia Pulung Sumantri; Ahmad Muhajir; Taslim Batubara
IHiS (Indonesian Historical Studies) Vol 6, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ihis.v6i1.14015

Abstract

This article compares how the Indonesian, specifically the urban people respond to the pandemic during the history. In 1918, Indonesia, formerly known as the Dutch East Indies, witnessed a pandemic of the Spanish Flu that killed thousands of lives. A century later, Indonesia is once again experienced with the lethal Covid-19 pandemic. The emphasized responses are specific on countermeasures and vaccination programs during the Spanish Flu 1918 and Covid-19 pandemics. The primary source of this research is the archive of annual reports (Kolonial Verslag) Dutch East Indies government 1920 and a report from the Dutch East Indies Civil Health Service (Burgerlijken Geneeskujdigen Dienst), as well as supported by newspapers such as: Sin Po, Oetoesan Hindia, Pewarta Soerabaia, Tjhoen Tjhioe,Bataviaasch Nieuwsblad, and Andalas. This article also aims at understanding how the Indonesian people are handling pandemics, both the Spanish Flu and the Covid-19 pandemics. The action taken by the government in tackling the Spanish flu and Covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia is to issue regulations to reduce activities in the public domain. This regulation has proven successful in reducing the spread of the Spanish flu pandemic in the past and Covid-19 in the present. This research found that Indonesian urban in the past and today have similar points of view, the irrational views and rational views, this is proofed from the emergence of unique, local-rational, and uncontrollable news and rumours because of the amplification of news about the outbreak.  The difference is that in the past, religious responses were expressly confronted with the news but in the present, it is more moderate and open to cooperating with programs from the government. The spectrum from the news of the past outbreaks is not as large as that of the present. Mass media with information technology to social media are further expanding the spectrum from outbreak news to produce more powerful amplifications. It also affects the polarization of the masses that respond rationally and irrationally to the outbreak.
The Ikat Weaving Industry in Kediri: Characteristics and Strategies for Development, 1966-2014 Feri Sofiantoro; Endang Susilowati; Alamsyah Alamsyah
IHiS (Indonesian Historical Studies) Vol 6, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ihis.v6i1.12316

Abstract

This article analyses the developments and strategies experienced by the ikat weaver in Kediri, especially in the Village Bandar Kidul, District Mojoroto. This study used the critical history method. It emphasizes primary sources in the form of written sources from newspapers and the oral history method. According to the result, ikat weaving in Bandar Kidul began to develop when a Chinese resident, Freddy Jie, in the 1950s opened the ikat weaving business which affects the livelihoods of the residents of Bandar Kidul. They have depended on one sector of livelihood and the industry has begun to grow. Due to its motifs and production tools, the ikat production from the village of Bandar Kidul has a good and potential market demand. However, the monetary crisis in 1997-1998 hit the industry and began to down. From the end of the 1970s to the late 1990s, the Bandar Kidul ikat craft began to experience a downturn due to being unable to compete with factory-made woven fabrics and the absence of successor regeneration after most of the business’ founders died. However, entering the mid-2000s, the future of the ikat industry was bright because the local government intervened in the industry. Some pieces of training had been held to improve the capabilities of the ikat weaver under dominated by modern equipment.
Historic Sites during the World War II in South Konawe, Southeast Sulawesi as a Source of Historiography Syahrun Syahrun; Rahmat Sewa Suraya; Sandy Suseno
IHiS (Indonesian Historical Studies) Vol 6, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ihis.v6i1.13589

Abstract

The World War II in Indonesian territory at that time involved the Imperial Japanese Army against the military from the allies and was known later as “Theater of Pacific”. The massive military activities that took place in Indonesian territory during the World War II definitely left a lot of and varied material evidences. However, in fact, many of the material evidences from the World War II have been forgotten due to its dilapidated condition. One of the military operational areas where many evidences of the World War II can be found is South Konawe, precisely at Kendari II Airfield Site, which is now known as HLO Airfield (Halu Oleo Airfield). This research utilized archives and aerial photographs during the World War II combined with direct observation at the site and reconstruction efforts using excavated data. Based on the findings, it reveals the existence of the World War II remains at Kendari II Airfield area. It is also known that the condition of the most massive findings is located in the Japanese military administration and maintenance area during the World War II at Kendari II Airfield area. These remains can certainly be a source of historical writing of the Japanese Government Era in South Konawe.

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