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Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi

bioma
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Published by Universitas Diponegoro

ISSN : - EISSN : 25982370 DOI : -

Core Subject : Education, Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Education

BIOMA (ISSN 1410-8801) adalah Majalah Ilmiah Biologi yang bertujuan mewadahi semua informasi hasil penelitian, telaah pustaka, makalah teknis, dan kajian buku, dari berbagai cabang ilmu Biologi. Diharapkan penerbitan ini dapat berkontribusi dalam penyampaian informasi ilmiah yang merupakan mata rantai proses kegiatan ilmiah. Terbit sejak tahun 1999.

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Search results for , issue "Vol. 19, No. 1, Tahun 2017" : 12 Documents clear

Rasio Otot-Tulang Ekstremitas Posterior Ayam Pedaging Setelah Pemberian Teh Kombucha Dalam Air Minum Kumala, Amelia Setya Nur; Djaelani, Muhammad Anwar; Yuniwarti, Enny Yusuf Wachidah
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 19, No. 1, Tahun 2017
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Kombucha tea beverage obtained by fermenting sweetened green tea for 12 days with Acetobacter xylinum and Saccharomyces which produce various kinds of organic acids, vitamins, and acts as a probiotic. Kombucha tea role as growth promoter is to enhance the metabolic processes in the digestive system of broiler, so that the nutrients can be absorbed and fulfilled properly for optimal growth and development. The research was conducted from September to October 2014 in the Laboratory of Biological Structure and Function, Diponegoro University. Posterior limb (femur-tibiotarsus) meat-bone ratio analysis was used to investigate the effects of kombucha tea on the productivity of broiler chicken. A total of 20 broiler chickens were randomly divided into 4 treatment concentrations ( 0%, 10%, 20%, and 40% of kombucha tea in drinking water) for 32 days. Statistical analysis using ANOVA at 0,05 significance level and Duncanâ€™s Multiple Range Test showed significantly different results on body weight and water intake, while feed intake, meat weight, bone weight and meat-bone ratio showed no significant results. It can be concluded from this study that the decrease of broiler chicken body weight due to consumption of 40% kombucha tea concentration in drinking water, do not cause a decrease in posterior limb meat and bone weight so that the posterior limb meat-bone ratio were not significantly different.Â Key words: Kombucha tea, broiler chicken, posterior limb, meat-bone ratio.

Identifikasi Kandungan Senyawa Kimia Cuka Kayu dari Sekam Padi Nugrahaini, Dian Laila; Kusdiyantini, Endang; Tarwotjo, Udi; Prianto, A. Heru
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 19, No. 1, Tahun 2017
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Wood vinegar rice husk contains a chemical compound that can be used as a biopesticides. Wood vinegar contained compounds which estimated potential as repellent, antifeedant, antimicrobials, antioxidants, disinfectants and as preservatives. The content of chemical compounds in the wood vinegar must be identified. Identification were done by calculating the concentration of acid, phenol and an infrared spectrophotometer. Production of wood vinegar made by the pyrolysis process used pirolisator. Most of the wood vinegar obtained is evaporated using a rotary evaporator and partly extracted using the method of separating funnel. Compound of acid and phenol in wood vinegar evaporation were higher than the extraction of wood vinegar. These results were confirmed by an infrared spectrophotometer spectrum showed the functional groups of acid and phenolic compounds.Â Keywords: wood vinegar rice husk, acid, phenol, pyrolysis, infrared spetrofotometer

Isolasi Dan Uji Aktivitas Kitinase Isolat Bakteri Dari Kawasan Geotermal Dieng Nafisah, Hidayatun; Pujiyanto, Sri; Raharjo, Budi
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 19, No. 1, Tahun 2017
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Chitinase (EC.3.2.2.14) is an enzyme which can degradatechitin became N-acetilglucosamin. Chitinase has many benefits made the demand of it increases. High demands spur its availability in large quantities, cheap, fast production, resistant to any physical factor and chemical environment. Rapid and resistant enzyme production to environment factor can be obtained using chitinolitic bacteria of Geothermal Dieng. The utilization of chitin as bacterial growth substrate from waste of shell crab can be done considering high prices of commercial chitin on the market. The purpose of the research is to get the isolate of termoleranchitinolitic of watery mud in Geothermal Dieng and to know the character of the chosen isolate producing highest chinitase activity type of chitin source treatment and pH of media production. The research is done by growing the chitinolitic in the room temperature for 14 days. The experimental design used in this study is a complete randomized design of factorial pattern (two factors). The first factor is the type of chitin source that includes commercial chitin and chitin crab kits. The second factor is the pH of liquid chitin media for the production of enzymes, ie pH 6, 7 and 8.Chitinase activity is tested by measuring the result of sugar reduction. Obtained data is analyzed with Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Result of isolation and selection is obtained one potential isolate, KSR 121. The isolate produce 1,4 cm of chitinolitic index after 96 hour incubation. Result of statistical test show both citin source type, pH of media production treatment and interaction were not significantly different (PËƒ0,05). KSR 121 isolate experience the highest growth of crab chitin treatment pH 8 (K2P3) with 6 hour incubation, whereas highest kinitase activity happen on crab chitin treatment pH 7 (K2P2) with 24 incubation, in amount of 0,125 (U/mL).Â Key words: N-acetil glucosamin, chtinase activity, chitinase, chitin, chitinolitic bacteria, isolation

Analisa Hubungan Panjang dengan Berat Ikan Bawal Bintang (Trachinotus Blochii, Lacepede) Pada Sistem Keramba Jaring Apung (KJA) Integrated Multi Trophic Aquaculture (IMTA) di Kawasan Sea Farming Kepulauan Seribu Nasti, Diana; Sunarno, S; Putro, Sapto Purnomo
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 19, No. 1, Tahun 2017
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisa hubungan panjang dan berat ikan bawal bintang (Trachinotus blochii) pada sistem keramba jaring apung (KJA) Integrated multi trophic aquaculture (IMTA) dan Monokultur. Keramba jaring apung IMTA diaplikasikan pada Stratified double net cage (SDNC). Penelitian ini dilakukan di kawasan Sea Farming Karang Lebar kepulauan Seribu, di dua lokasi yaitu : lokasi A adalah kawasan budidaya sistem IMTA dengan jenis biota ikan bawal bintang (Trachinotus blochii) dan ikan kerapu macan (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus,Forsskal). Lokasi B adalah kawasan budidaya monokultur dengan jenis biota bawal bintang (Trachinotus Blochii). Hasil penelitian analisa hubungan panjang dan berat ikan di kedua lokasi menunjukan pola alometrik positifÂ b > 3, dan berdasarkan kondisi fisik dan kimia perairan laut dari kedua lokasi penelitian terdapat perbedaan namun, secara umum masih menunjukkan dalam kisaran normal yaitu konduktivitas berkisar antara 4,53 â€“ 5,05 mS/cm, kecerahan berkisar antara 23,21 â€“ 25,50 mg/l, turbiditas berkisar antara 19,89 â€“ 27,00 mg/l, Dissolved Oxygen (DO) berkisar pada 6,09 â€“ 7,50 mg/L, salinitas berkisar antara 25,09 â€“ 32,37ppt, pH berkisar antara 7,21 â€“ 7,96 dan temperatur berkisar antara 29,33 â€“ 31,40 oC.Â Kata kunci :Â Bawal bintang (Trachinotus blochii), IMTA, Monokultur, pola pertumbuhan

Histologis Testis pada Keturunan F1 dari Induk Puyuh (Coturnix coturnix japonica L.) yang diberi Suplemen Serbuk Kunyit (Curcuma longa L.) dalam Pakan Waty, Mitra; Tana, Silvana; Saraswati, Tyas Rini
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 19, No. 1, Tahun 2017
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Quail child has a tremendous potential to continue further descent because quails have almost all the potential that can be exploited by humans, either for consumption or economic. Children quail superior quality can be produced from superior quality parent, so the parent quail quality must be considered. Additional food in the form of powder turmeric supplements can increase the phytoestrogen which stimulates the liver to produce vitellogenin as theÂ material forming the yolk. Egg yolk is a source of nutrients for the development of quail embryos. This study aimed to analyze the differences in the quality of the parent male quail chicks were given supplements of turmeric powder to the testis weight, testis size, number of spermatogonia and spermatids amount contained in the seminiferous tubules. The study design used was completely randomized design (CRD) that is 3 treatments and 5 replications. By using quail male child as much as 15 tails as test animals, divided into three groups, namely K0: F1 generation of the female quail are not given turmeric powder supplement, K1: F1 generation of the female quail turmeric powder supplemented with a dose of 54 mg/tail/day and K2: kuturunan F1 of the parent quail turmeric powder supplemented with a dose of 108 mg/tail/day. The variables measured were testis weight, testis size, number of spermatogonia and spermatids number. Data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) followed by a further test Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at the 95% significance level. The results showed that the quality of parent child quail turmeric powder supplemented with a dose of 108 mg/tail/day for better views of the process of spermatogenesis.Â Keywords: Child Â quail Â (Coturnix Â coturnix Â japonica. Â L), Â Turmeric, Â Testis, Â spermatogonia, spermatids.

Produksi Miselium Jamur Ling ZHI (Ganoderma lucidum) Dalam Medium Air Kelapa Tua Dan Tauge Extract Broth Dengan Metode Kultur Terendam Teragitasi Sulistyaningtyas, Ayu Rahmawati; Suprihadi, Agung
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 19, No. 1, Tahun 2017
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Jamur ling zhi (Ganoderma lucidum) sudah mulai dibudidayakan secara intensif di Indonesia. Masalah yang sering dihadapi dalam budidaya jamur ling zhi adalah kesulitan dalam penyediaan bibit. Proses penyediaan bibit jamur biasanya dilakukan secara konvensional menggunakan media agar. Metode konvensional akan membutuhkan biaya dan waktu produksi yang banyak sehingga diperlukan metode pembibitan baru yaitu kultur terendam teragitasi. Kultur terendam miselium dari kultur murni langsung dapat ditanam pada media tanam jamur. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbandingan produksi miselium jamur ling zhi dalam medium air kelapa tua dan tauge extract broth dengan metode terendam teragitasi. ParameterÂ utama penelitian meliputi berat kering miselium, sedangkan parameter pendukung meliputi suhu inkubasi, pH medium awal dan akhir inkubasi. Penelitian dilakukan dengan rancangan acak lengkap faktorial (RAL) dengan faktor medium. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa produksi miselium jamur ling zhi (G. Lucidum) dalam medium air kelapa tua lebih tinggi dibandingkan medium tauge extact broth.Â Kata kunci: Ganoderma lucidum, Medium, Air Kelapa Tua, Tauge Extract Broth, Kultur Terendam Teragitasi

Identifikasi Talas-Talasan Edible (Araceae) Di Semarang, Jawa Tengah Sinaga, Khalisa Aini; Murningsih, M; Jumari, J
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 19, No. 1, Tahun 2017
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Talas-talasan (Family Araceae) is ) is a plant known to the Indonesian people. Araceae has been cultivated and used by Indonesian people. Tuber of Family Araceae have high carbohydrate, carbohydrate composed of amylum (amylose and amylopectin). food quality is determined by ratio of amylose and amylopectin. Information about Araceae in Semarang are still limit. Indonesian people didnâ€™t know potential of the family araceae in field of food. The research objective to determine types ofedible plants from the family Araceae.The research was conducted from April to June 2016. Sampling was conducted at Jabungan, Mluweh and Susukan village, Semarang. Methods of data collection is ekploration. Identification refers to the genera of Araceae (Mayo, 1997) and characterization refers Descriptor Taro (IPGRI, 1999). Based on the results is 13 species of plants from the family Araceae. Differences among species Family Araceae character is the color and shape of the tubers, the tip of leaf blade, the edge of leaf blade, the top and bottom surface of leaf blade, leaf blade holder, and the shape of leaf blade.Â Kata kunci :Identification, Morphology Character, Araceae

Uji Potensi Bakteri Endofit Kitinolitik Tanaman Padi (Oryza sativa L.) Sebagai Penghasil Hormon IAA (Indole Acetic Acid) Hanafi, Ahmad; Purwantisari, Susiana; Raharjo, Budi
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 19, No. 1, Tahun 2017
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

IAA (Indole Acetic Acid) is a hormone in plants that was role in the cleavage of roots, inhibits the growth of side shoots, stimulate cell division and the formation of xylem and phloem tissue. This study aimed to test the potential of endophytic bacteria chitinolytic rice crop as hormone-producing IAA. This study uses 9 isolates of endophytic bacteria chitinolytic rice plants in isolation during practical work. The experiment consisted of 15 treatments and 3 replications. This study uses a randomized block design. The treatments tryptophan concentration combined with a variation pH, the endophytic bacteria grown on media chitinolytic tryptophan concentration of 0 mg/L, 102 mg/L, 204 mg/L, 306 mg/L and 408 mg/L are combined with pH 5, 7 and 9. the treatment was observed for 48 hours and observation once every 3 hours. The measured variable is the result of the production of IAA hormone with the treatment combination of tryptophan with pH. IAA hormone outcome data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance Univariates at level of 95%. IAA hormone qualitative test results showed positive results in bacterial isolates KA12, KA11 and KB24. IAA hormone quantitative results of bacterial isolates producing IAA hormone KA12 high of 2,03 mg/L in the combination treatment of tryptophan 408 mg/L at pH 7 at 24 hours incubation. KA12 bacterial isolates are endophytic bacteria chitinolytic potential to produce hormones IAA, yet the results of data analysis showed that each treatment combination with pH tryptophan to IAA production were not significantly different.Â Keywords: hormone IAA, chitinolytic endophytic bacteria, tryptophan, pH

Makrobenthos Sebagai Indikator Tingkat Kesuburan Tambak Di Pantai Utara Jawa Tengah Muhammad, Fuad; Izzati, Munifatul; Mukid, Moch. Abdul
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 19, No. 1, Tahun 2017
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Makrobenthos that live in the mangrove forest can be used to predict the role or contribution of mangrove ecosystems as a source of natural food for the environment. The aims of research to determine the structure, composition, abundance, diversity makrobenthos of the mangrove ecosystem. The study was conducted by comparing the community structure makrobenthos in pond ecosystem with mangrove vegetation constituent . The location of this study include three areas , Mangunharjo (Semarang), Surodadi (Demak) andÂ Pasarbangi (Rembang). The result can shows makrobentos species composition is dominated by gastropods ( 18 species) , Bivalvia ( 13 species ) , Polychaeta ( 3 types ) , and crustaceans ( 2 types ) . Cerithium and Littorina scabra is a type that has a high density of the mangrove ecosystem . There are differences in the abundance and diversity of plankton and makrobenthos at three study sites. In general Pasarbangi Coast has the highest abundance and diversity . Macrozoobenthos community structure in mangrove ecosystems that exist in the three study sites in a stable state , species diversity and distribution of the number of individuals of each type of uniform . Pasarbangi area with mangrove vegetation polyculture farms , have high primary productivity . This shows the level of primer productivity at the site is also high .Â Keywords: community structure, macrobenthos, pond ecosystem

Ciri Morfologi Polen Dan Spora Tumbuhan Dari Sedimen Rawa Jombor Klaten Sarah, Solifa; Agung Suedy, Sri Widodo; Hastuti, Endah Dwi
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 19, No. 1, Tahun 2017
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

The Marsh of Jombor Klaten is a natural swamp that was once small swamps surrounded by villages and hills located in the lower mainland and serves to hold rainwater. Environmental has changed from the lowlands into the aquatic environmentand the more widespread the diversity of types of flora around the Swamp Jombor has been changed.The diversity of types of flora can be known through the morphology of the pollen and spores. The purpose of this research is to know the diversity of plant species based on morphology of pollen and spores found in Swamp sediment Jombor. Sampling is done by drilling sedimentary soil clays Swamp Jombor on three points with the first location code RWJ (3) at a depth of 2 m situated around the keramba, the second code RWJ (4) at a depth of 1.5 m, and third code RWJ (5) at a depth of 0.35 m located around the inlet.The sample preparation using method asetolisis, then morphological characteristics observed pollen and spores. Calculated the number of each type of pollen and spores.The data obtained were analyzed using pollen and spore morphology of description. The data obtained were analyzed using pollen morphology characteristics and description of the spores found in the swamp Jombor. The results showed that the morphology of the pollen and spores found in Swamp sediment Jombor has a variation of shapes and sizes. The flora type obtained from the sediments Swamp Jombor as much as 28 type, including 8 typearboreal pollen (AP), 9 typenon arboreal pollen (NAP), and 11 type of spores. Types of flora that dominates is the NAP family Gramineae (80,10%) which indicates the plant a tree instead of in the form of shrubs or herbaceous were more developed in marsh of Jomborenvironment.Â Keywords: Jombor, morphology, pollen, spore, diversity.

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