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Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 25490273     EISSN : 25490273     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
Background: Increased blood pressure for a long time can increase the risk of kidney failure, co­ronary heart disease, brain damage, and other di­seases. In 2019, it is estimated that hyper­tens­ion is experienced by 1.13 billion people in the world with most (two thirds) living in low and mid­­dle income countries. Other study also shows that the police and military are at risk of develop­ing hypertension due to a number of factors such as low know­led­ge about healthy and nutritious food, co-workers who are smokers, and consum­ing alco­hol. This study aimed to analyze the risk factors for hypertension in the police and military in the world using meta analysis. Subjects and Method: This was a meta-ana­lysis and systematic review. The articles used we­re obtained from Google Scholar, Springer Link, Pro­­Quest, and Science Direct databases. Selected arti­cles published from 2000 to 2020. Keywords to search for articles are as follows: hypertension po­lice personnel and military, or hypertension po­lice personnel and military. The articles studi­ed are 3 full text articles with cross sectional stu­dy designs and 1 full text articles with case cont­rol study design. Articles are col­lect­ed using PRI­S­­­MA diagrams, and analy­zed us­ing the Re­vi­ew Ma­nager application 5.3. Results: Overweight (aOR= 1.42; 95% CI = 1.01 to 2.00; p= 0.04), alcohol consumption (aOR­=­ 1.­55; 95% CI= 1.12 to 2.12; p= 0.007), ciga­rette con­­­­sumption (aOR= 1.45 ; 95% CI= 1.06 to 1.97; p= 0.020) is a risk factor for hyper­­­tension in the po­­­lice and military. Conclusion: Overweight, alcohol consump­tion, and cigarette consump­tion, are risk fac­tors for hypertension in po­lice and military personnel.
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Articles 24 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 9 No. 1 (2024)" : 24 Documents clear
Effect of Tertiary Preventive Behavior on HbA1c Level, Quality of Life, and Complication Risk in Diabetes Mellitus Patients Livia, Wardhatul; Murti, Bhisma; Tamtomo, Didik Gunawan; Prasetya, Hanung
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 9 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2024.09.01.10

Abstract

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is a non-communicable disease which is a source of additional severity for other diseases. This study aims to determine the effect of tertiary preventive behavior on hba1c level, quality of life (QoL), and complication risk in diabetes mellitus patients.Subjects and Method: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in Sukoharjo, Central Java, Indonesia, from October to November 2023. A total sample of 200 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), registered in the Prolanis program, was selected through multistage random sampling. The independent variables were HbA1c levels, risk of complications, and QoL. The inde-pendent variable was tertiary preventive behavior. HbA1c levels were measured using spectrophotometer. QoL was measured using the WHOQOL questionnaire, and risk of complications using a questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the SEM model.Results: Tertiary prevention behavior significantly increased HbA1c level (b= 0.31; CI 95%= -0.45 to 0.15; p<0.001) and quality of life (b= 0.15; 95% CI= -0.15 to 0.38; p<0.001). Tertiary prevention behavior significantly reduced the risk of complications (b= -0.22; CI 95%= -0.42 to 0.02; p= 0.026). The goodness-of-fit values suggest that the structural equation model (SEM) is acceptable (p= 0.188; RMSEA=0.04; CFI=0.97, TLI=0.95; SRMR=0.05; CD= 0.07).Conclusion: Tertiary prevention behavior significantly increased HbA1c level and quality of life. Tertiary prevention behavior reduces the risk of complications in type 2 DM patients. Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, HbA1c, complications, quality of life
Correlations between Physical Activity, Work Duration, and Stress on the Risk of Musculoskeletal Disorders in Online Motorcycle Drivers in Surakarta Andriani, Isna; Sumardiyono; Murti, Bhisma
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 9 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2024.09.01.09

Abstract

Background: Motorcycle taxi drivers drive motorcycles with a static posture and there are significant deviations in angles of certain body joints that trigger susceptibility to movement system injuries, namely musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). The study aimed to analyze the correlation between the determinants of MSDs, namely physical activity, work duration, and stress on the risk of MSDs incidents in online motorcycle taxi drivers in Surakarta.Subjects and Method: This observational analytical study with a cross-sectional study approach. A sample of 250 online motorcycle taxi drivers in Surakarta was selected using a cluster random sampling technique. The dependent variable of the study was MSDs. The independent variables of the study were physical activity, duration of work, and stress. The data collection technique was conducted through interviews by using questionnaire sheets with instruments i.e. International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), Work Stress Scale (WSS), and Nordic Body Map (NBP). Data analysis was carried out using a multivariate STATA application with multiple binary logistic regression.Results: The risk of MSDs in online motorcycle taxi drivers in Surakarta increased with the age of older than or equal to 34 years (OR= 2.66; CI 95%= 1.54 to 4.59; p= <0.001), BMI of more than 25 (OR= 1.33; CI 95%= 0.77 to 2.27; p= 0.303), work duration of more than 4 hours per day (OR= 2.43; CI 95%= 1.24 to 4.78; p= 0.010), high stress level (OR= 1.58; CI 95%= 0.89 to 2.83; p = 0.126), and status as an active smoker (OR= 1.27; CI 95%= 0.74 to 2.19; p= 0.378). The risk of MSDs in online motorcycle taxi drivers in Surakarta decreased with active physical activity (OR= 0.36; CI 95%= 0.15 to 0.86; p = 0.021). Age, BMI, physical activity, work duration, stress, and smoking status influenced the risk of MSDs by 8.2%, and the rest were influenced by other determinants.Conclusion: There is a statistically significant correlation between age, physical activity, and duration of work on the risk of MSDs, however, there was no significant correlation between BMI, stress, and smoking status on the risk of MSDs. Keywords: Physical activity, stress, musculoskeletal disorders, motorcycle taxi drivers
Improving Glycated Hemoglobin Control in a Rural Filipino Community: The Influence of Medication, Nutrition, and Lifestyle Counseling on Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients Ines-Ramil, Ma. Danica; Ramil, Rhian Jaymar; Gabriel, Esther Faith; Bautista, Learni Magdalena
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 9 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2024.09.01.05

Abstract

Background: The Philippines is experiencing a growing diabetes prevalence in line with global patterns, despite free diabetes medications available at Rural Health Units (RHUs). This rise could be linked to factors like insufficient awareness and ability to self-manage the illness resulting in medica-tion non-adherence, negatively affecting patients’ health outcomes. The study aimed to evaluate the impact of counseling on glycated hemoglobin levels among Filipino diabetic patients in rural settings.Subjects and Method: A quasi-experimental research design was employed to determine the effect of one-on-one counseling on nutrition, lifestyle, and medication management on the HbA1C levels of the participants in a rural setting. A purposive sampling technique was used, and participants were selected based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Out of 60 diabetic patients enrolled in the study from Sinait RHU, 34 patients were qualified and randomly assigned into ‘test’ and ‘control’ groups (n=16). The ‘test’ group (n=18) received monthly counseling sessions lasting 20 to 25 minutes each, during monthly home visits for 3 months. Data on HbA1c reductions were compared using an unpaired t-test.Results: After 3-month counseling interventions, HbA1c level in the test group (Mean=6.38; SD= 1.21) was lower than the control group (Mean=9.27; SD=1.38) and it was statistically significant (p= 0.010). A substantial decrease in the HbA1c levels was observed in the test group whereas a significant increase was noted in the control group.Conclusion: The study’s findings suggest that counseling can help improve diabetic patients' perceptions of disease, diet, and lifestyle changes, resulting in better glycemic control and, ultimately, a higher quality of life. Keywords:HbA1c, Type 2 diabetes, nutrition counseling, medication counseling, lifestyle counseling, Philippines
Using Trends in Biometric Data to Predict Interest in Enrolling in an Employer-Sponsored National Diabetes Prevention Program Focusing on Diet and Exercise: A Retrospective Cohort Study Zigmont, Victoria; Shoben, Abigail; Kaye, Gail; Clinton, Steven; Harris, Randall; Olivo-Marston, Susan
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 9 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2024.09.01.12

Abstract

Background: Evidence-based lifestyle programs including the Diabetes Prevention Program can delay an individual’s risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Identifying which individuals are less likely to enroll in these programs and tailoring recruitment approaches to encourage participation among those with perceived barriers is an effective strategy to increase engagement in health promotion. This study aimed to identify the pre-enrollment differences in biometric trends between individuals with prediabetes who did and did not express interest in free worksite diabetes prevention programs.Subjects and Method: This retrospective cohort study was conducted among individuals in the Midwest enrolled in a private insurance plan from 2011 to 2014. Data was combined from annual biometric screenings and a health survey. Demographic characteristics were summarized for the study population (n=2,066). The dependent variable for this study was interest in the DPP, while the independent variables included body mass index, waist circumference, body weight, lipid measurements, and blood pressure. Linear mixed models with random intercepts were used to compare bio-metric trajectories for body mass index, waist circumference, body weight, lipid measurements (triglycerides and cholesterol), and blood pressure for the two groups.Results: No differences were observed in biometric trends for those who did and did not choose to enroll in the free worksite program.Conclusion: Examining pre-enrollment biometric trend data is a relatively novel approach to evaluating engagement in health programs. More research is needed to understand how this information can be used to identify an individual’s interest in enrolling in health programming.
Incidence of Tuberculosis in Primary Health Care during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Longitudinal Study and Perspective from Eastern Indonesia Makbul, Firshan; Amir, Darmawati
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 9 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2024.09.01.11

Abstract

Background: Efforts to fight tuberculosis (TB) infection requires a deep understanding of disease control trends to consistently sustain and enhance the identification and treatment of at-risk populations. Indonesia is the third highest globally in TB cases, followed by India and China, accounting for about 10% of all cases. Over the past ten years, Indonesia has witnessed significant TB case reporting and treatment coverage growth. This study aimed to analyze TB case occurrences in a primary health-care setting during the COVID-19 pandemic.Subjects and Method: A cross-sectional study, which included data from the Puskesmas Lau reports from July 2021 to July 2022. A total of 71 patients were conducted using the total sampling method. The collected data were processed descriptively to summarize participants' demographic characteristics and clinical profiles and various important indicators from WHO were analyzed to determine its effectiveness.Results: The center's tuberculosis screening efforts have not reached their optimal level, falling below the national standard of ≥70% for the Case Detection Rate (CDR). However, the treatment success rate (SR) exceeds 90%.Conclusion: The evaluation of the TB control program at Puskesmas Lau reveals achievements in some areas but also highlights challenges posed by the pandemic and the need for strengthened strategies to improve case detection and management. Perceived vulnerability, seriousness, benefit, and barrier, as well as the availability of DOTS treatment, affect treatment adherence. Partnership between patients and health care personnel is recommended to increase the success of TB treatment. Keywords: Tuberculosis, primary health care, COVID-19, longitudinal study, health services
The The Impact of Exercise on Quality of Life, Physical Health, and Mental Health in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: Meta-Analysis Maingu, Bertha Sylvester; Livia, Wardhatul; Andriani, Isna; Bhisma Murti; Tursina, Elsa
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 9 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2024.09.01.02.

Abstract

Background: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a prevalent metabolic disorder that is common on a global scale. Effective management in addition to medication involves implementing lifestyle modifications, including regular exercise. This study aimed to analyze and estimate the impact of exercise on improving quality of life, physical health, and mental health in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.Subjects and Method: This was a meta-analysis study using the PICO model which includes; P= type 2 diabetes mellitus patients; I= exercise; C= no exercise; and O= quality of life, physical health, and mental health. The articles obtained were from 2 databases, namely PubMed and ScienceDirect. Keywords used include “exercise” OR “physical activity” AND “quality of life” OR “physical health” OR “mental health” AND “type 2 diabetes mellitus” AND “randomized control trial”. The inclusion criteria of articles were a randomized control trial study design, publication year from 2018 to 2023, full-text, English language, and reported mean and standard deviation values. Data was analyzed using the PRISMA diagram and the Review Manager 5.3 application.Results: This meta-analysis consisted of 13 articles originating from Canada, Denmark, Egypt, Ghana, Iran, Saudi Arabia, Spain, Taiwan, Turkey, and USA. The total sample size was 755 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Exercises improved the quality of life (SMD= 0.66; CI 95%= 0.20 to 1.11; p= 0.005); physical health (SMD= 0.91; CI 95%= 0.53 to 1.29; p= 0.001) and mental health (SMD= 0.82; CI 95%= 0.25 to 1.39; p= 0.005) in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.Conclusion: Exercise carried out regularly and measurably improves the quality of life, physical health, and mental health in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Keywords: Exercise, quality of life, physical health, mental health, type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Effect Size Estimation of Child Stunting Determinants in Surakarta, Central Java Sastrawijayah, Jemmi; Murti, Bhisma; Ichsan, Burhannudin
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 9 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2024.09.01.01

Abstract

Background: Child growth is one of the public health indicators in monitoring the nutritional and health status of a population. One of the nutritional problems that is of major concern is the prevalence of stunting in toddlers. Stunting is still a problem in the world. This study aims to analyze the reestimation of the magnitude of the determinant effect of stunting on children under five in the city of Surakarta, Central Java.Subjects and Method: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in Pajang and Sibela community health centers (Puskesmas) in Surakarta, Central Java. Total sample of 200 children under five was selected using fixed disease sampling, consisted of 50 stunted children and 150 normal children. The dependent variable was stunting. The independent variables were exclusive breastfeeding, maternal height, maternal history of illness, maternal age at pregnancy, maternal height, and family income. The data were collected using questionnaire and analyzed using a multiple logistic regression.Results: Maternal age ≥20 years (aOR= 0.19; 95% CI= 0.06 to 0.58; p=0.004), maternal height ≥160 cm (aOR= 0.30; 95% CI= 0.12 to 0.74; p= 0.009), and family income high (aOR= 0.29; 95% CI= 0.12 to 0.72; p=0.008) reduces the risk of stunting. Children under five who were not exclusively breastfed (aOR= 27.06; 95% CI= 8.13 to 90.05; p <0.001) and frequent illness in mothers (aOR= 12.69; 95% CI= 4.59 to 35.10; p<0.001) increases the risk of stunting.Conclusion: Maternal age ≥20 years, maternal height ≥160 cm, and family income high reduce the risk of stunting. Children under five who were not exclusively breastfed and frequent illness in mothers increase the risk of stunting. Keywords: stunting, maternal age, maternal height, income, breastfed, illness, children
Effectiveness of COVID-19 Vaccine on Augmenting Antibody Level in People in the Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia Budiyono, Joko; Murti, Bhisma; Tamtomo, Didik Gunawan
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 9 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2024.09.01.04

Abstract

Background: Immunity against SARS-CoV-2 is needed to prevent infection so vaccines are indeed humanity's great hope as a weapon to control COVID-19. Seroprevalence data is needed using an antibody test that estimates the percentage of DIY residents who have antibodies against SARS-CoV-2. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccination on enhancing antibody titers.Subjects and Method: This was a retrospective cohort study conducted in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, from 19 to 30 November 2021. The study population was people aged ≥1 year. A total of 563 study subjects was selected randomly. The dependent variable was the SARS-CoV-2 antibody titer level. The independent variables were COVID-19 vaccination status, gender, age, smoking, outdoor activities, and alcohol consumption. SARS-CoV-2 antibody level was measured using Roche's Elecsys anti-SARS-CoV-2. Other variables were collected using questionnaires. Data were analyzed using a multiple linear regression run on STATA 14.Results: The initial vaccination led to an elevation in -19 antibody titers, but it was statistically non-significant (b= 697.82; 95% CI= -720.90 to 1241.24; p= 0.603). The second vaccination resulted in a notable and statistically significant elevation of COVID-19 antibody titers (b= 1331.38; 95% CI= 802.30 to 1860.46; p <0.001).Conclusion: The second dose of the COVID-19 vaccination demonstrated significant effectiveness in boosting COVID-19 antibody titers. Keywords: COVID-19, vaccination, antibody
Meta-Analysis: Effects of Smoking, Alcohol Consumption, and Low Physical Activity on Osteoporosis in Adults Ghifari, Muhammad Fahrezi Al; Himawati, Yulia; Ismail, Aem; Murti, Bhisma
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 9 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2024.09.01.03

Abstract

Background: Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disease characterized by low mineral bone mass and microarchitectural deterioration of bone tissue. This study aims to analyze the effect of smoking, alcohol consumption, and low physical activity on osteoporosis in adults.Subjects and Method: This was a meta-analysis study using the PICO format. Population: Adults, Intervention: Smoking, Alcohol Consumption, Low Physical Activity, Comparison: No Smoking, No Alcohol Consumption, High Physical Activity, Outcome: Osteoporosis. Articles were searched using online databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct. The search for articles using the keywords "Smoking" OR "Tobacco" AND "Alcohol consumption" OR "Drinking" AND "Physical activity" OR "Exercise" AND "Osteoporosis" OR "Bone mineral density" AND "Cross-sectional". The inclusion criteria for articles used were articles published in 2013-2023. Articles were filtered using PRISMA flow diagrams and analysis was conducted using RevMan 5.4.Results: The meta-analysis used 15 articles with cross-sectional studies from Ireland, Nepal, Taiwan, South Korea, China, Iran, America, Brazil, India, Congo, and Thailand with a total sample of 111,478 samples. The risk of osteoporosis increased with smoking (aOR= 1.49; CI 95%= 1.04 to 2.16; p= 0.030), alcohol consumption (aOR= 1.04; CI 95%= 0.84 to 1.30; p = 0.690), and low physical activity (aOR= 1.17; CI 95%= 0.92 to 1.48; p= 0.210).Conclusion: Smoking, alcohol consumption, and low physical activity increase the risk of osteoporosis in adults. Keywords: smoking, alcohol consumption, physical inactivity, osteoporosis.
Meta-Analysis: Factors Related with Obesity in Adolescents Gumilar, Karismatika Surya; Betriza; Legowo, Nurcahyo Aji; Murti, Bhisma; Wulandari, Ayu Novita
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 9 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2024.09.01.06

Abstract

Background: Obesity is excess body weight above the normal BMI limit. This can be experienced by anyone, starting from children, productive teenagers who do not maintain a healthy lifestyle, which can cause premature death. There are various factors that cause obesity from several research findings. This study aims to analyze and estimate factors that influence the risk of obesity in adole-scents.Subjects and Method: This research is a systematic review and meta-analysis with PRISMA and PICO diagrams. Population= teenagers. Intervention= strong physical activity, high income, female gender, strong consumption of fruit, and high maternal education. Comparison= weak physical activity, low income, male gender, weak consumption of fruit, and low maternal education. Result= obesity. The search for this article came from databases namely PudMed and Science Direct. The article keywords used are "physical activity" AND "Income" AND "fruit consumption" AND "mater-nal education" AND "obesity" AND "young factor". The articles included in this research are full paper articles, cross-sectional study design, publication year range 2013-2023, and the magnitude of the Adjusted Odds Ratio relationship. Articles were filtered using the PRISMA flow diagram and analyzed using the Review Manager 5.3.Results: There are 10 articles with cross-sectional studies that show the risk of obesity is signifi-cantly influenced by high income by 2.04 times (aOR= 2.04; 95% CI=0.97 to 4.30; p= 0.060), female gender by 2.28 times (aOR= 2.28; 95% CI= 1.64 to 3.17; p<0.001), strong fruit consumption was 2.11 times (aOR= 2.11; 95% CI= 1.30 to 3.44; p= 0.003), and high maternal education was 1.64 times (aOR=1.64; 95% CI= 1.10 to 2.45; p= 0.020) and the influence of weak physical activity which is 0.59 times the risk of obesity with statistically significant results (aOR= 0.59; 95% CI= 0.41 to 0.83; p=0.003).Conclusion: Risk factors that influence obesity in adolescents include high income, female gender, fruit consumption, high maternal education, and weak activity. Keywords: Obesity, risk factors, health problems, teenagers.

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