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KLOROFIL: Jurnal Ilmu Biologi dan Terapan
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara
ISSN : -     EISSN : 25986015     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology
KLOROFIL: Jurnal Ilmu Biologi dan Terapan is a journal that published by Major of biology and applied sciences, Departmen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi, Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara Medan, Indonesia.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Hewan dan Zoologi
Articles 122 Documents
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POLA PEWARISAN SIFAT DAN IMPLIKASINYA PADA TANAMAN CABAI (Capsicum sp.) : SYSTEMATIC LITERATUR REVIEW Tutik, Mia As
KLOROFIL: Jurnal Ilmu Biologi dan Terapan Vol 9, No 1 (2025): KLOROFIL: JURNAL ILMU BIOLOGI DAN TERAPAN
Publisher : Program Studi Biologi Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30821/kfl:jibt.v9i1.26816

Abstract

ABSTRACTThis study aims to summarize research findings on the genetic inheritance patterns of chili pepper (Capsicum sp.) through a Systematic Literature Review (SLR). The need for this study arises from the limited integration between phenotypic and molecular analyses in Indonesian research, although both approaches are essential for supporting effective breeding programs. The review followed the PRISMA 2020 guidelines and used Publish or Perish to search relevant articles in Google Scholar published between 2015-2025. A total of 136 articles were identified, and after screening for duplication, relevance, and quality, 12 studies were selected for analysis. The results show that qualitative traits in chili peppers, such as fruit color and morphological characteristics, are generally controlled by one or two major genes and follow Mendelian patterns. Meanwhile, quantitative traits such as fruit weight, yield, and size tend to be polygenic with moderate to high heritability values. Molecular approaches, such as the use of SSR markers, have also been applied to identify traits related to disease resistance. These findings highlight the importance of combining phenotypic and molecular data to optimize selection strategies and support the development of superior chili varieties in tropical environments.Keywords: Breeding, Capsicum Sp., Genetics, Heritability, Inheritance
Studi In Silico dan Prediksi Efisiensi Administrasi In Vivo Senyawa Berpotensi Obat pada Tumbuhan Cempedak (Artocarpus integer) Aida Fasha, Gusti Nur
KLOROFIL: Jurnal Ilmu Biologi dan Terapan Vol 9, No 1 (2025): KLOROFIL: JURNAL ILMU BIOLOGI DAN TERAPAN
Publisher : Program Studi Biologi Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30821/kfl:jibt.v9i1.26526

Abstract

Artocarpus integer (cempedak) is a tropical plant widely used in South Kalimantan, known for its rich bioactive compounds, which make it a promising source for drug discovery through in silico approaches. This study aims to identify and predict the potential of bioactive compounds from A. integer as drug candidates through an in silico approach. The data were obtained from the KNApSAcK database and analyzed using the SwissADME, SwissTargetPrediction, PASS Online, and GUSAR platforms to evaluate pharmacokinetic suitability, biological targets, pharmacological activities, and predictive toxicity. Four compounds were identified, namely Integrin, Oxyisocyclointegrin, Cyclointegrin, and Artoindonesianin F. The analysis revealed that the first three compounds comply with Lipinski's Rule of Five, indicating favorable metabolic properties. In contrast, Artoindonesianin F does not meet these criteria due to its high lipophilicity. Molecular target prediction suggested that the active compounds interact with enzyme groups such as proteases, kinases, and phosphodiesterases, which play crucial roles in the therapeutic mechanisms of various degenerative diseases and cancers. Based on PASS Online analysis, Oxyisocyclointegrin and Cyclointegrin exhibited high probabilities of biological activity (Pa > 0.9), including cell membrane stabilization, enhancement of TP53 gene expression, and inhibition of cytochrome P450 enzymes. Toxicity analysis using GUSAR indicated that both compounds possess low toxicity levels, with oral LD₅₀ values of 1437 mg/kg and 1164 mg/kg, respectively. Therefore, Oxyisocyclointegrin and Cyclointegrin show promising potential as natural bioactive compound candidates for further development in natural product-based pharmacotherapy research.
Karakterisasi Morfologis dan Mikroskopis Kapang Pada Roti yang Dijual di Sekitar Kampus Poltekkes Kesuma Bangsa Khoirunisa, Sally
KLOROFIL: Jurnal Ilmu Biologi dan Terapan Vol 9, No 2 (2025): KLOROFIL: JURNAL ILMU BIOLOGI DAN TERAPAN
Publisher : Program Studi Biologi Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30821/kfl:jibt.v9i2.27826

Abstract

Bread is a widely consumed food product that is highly susceptible to fungal contamination due to its high moisture and carbohydrate content. Fungal growth on bread can cause deterioration in quality and may pose health risks through the production of mycotoxins. This study aimed to identify and characterize fungi contaminating bread sold around the Poltekkes Kesuma Bangsa campus based on macroscopic and microscopic observations. This research employed a descriptive method and was conducted at the Chemistry Laboratory of Poltekkes Kesuma Bangsa on December 10, 2025. Bread samples were collected using purposive sampling and examined for fungal contamination through macroscopic observation of colony characteristics and microscopic identification using lactophenol cotton blue staining. The results showed that two types of fungi were identified, namely Aspergillus sp. and Penicillium sp. Aspergillus sp. was characterized by white to greenish colonies with a cotton-like surface and spherical vesicles microscopically, while Penicillium sp. exhibited white colonies with granular and slimy surfaces and brush-like conidiophores. One bread sample showed no fungal growth, possibly due to airtight packaging and preservative content. These findings indicate that bread sold around the campus may be contaminated by potentially harmful fungi, highlighting the importance of proper storage and food safety awareness among consumers.
edible coating mbote terhadap mutu dan ketahanan buah cabai merah yang diinfeksi jamur Colletotrichum sp. salma, shelo mitha
KLOROFIL: Jurnal Ilmu Biologi dan Terapan Vol 9, No 2 (2025): KLOROFIL: JURNAL ILMU BIOLOGI DAN TERAPAN
Publisher : Program Studi Biologi Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30821/kfl:jibt.v9i2.27243

Abstract

Red chili are widely used for food ingredients, but are prone to post-harvest damage with short shelf life and are susceptible to anthracnose disease. The application of edible coating starch is considered to be able to extend thhe shelf life of thhe fruit and is safe for consumption. Mbote tubers have the possibility to be used as edible coating. This study aims to determine the most effective concentration in maintaining fruit quality against anthracnose disease. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 6 treatments, namely 0%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5% and repeated 4 times. The variables in this study are texture, fruit weight loss, incubation period, disease incidence, and disease severity. Data will be analyzed using ANOVA, if there is areal difference, a further test will be conducted at the 5% level. The results showed that application of edible coatng of mbote tubers had no signiificant effect on texture, fruit weight loss, incubation period and disease incidence, but had a significant effect on disease severity with the most effective concentration being the treatment with a concentration of 2%.Keywords: anthracnose, Colletotrichum sp., edible coating, mbote tuber, red chili
Pengaruh Konsentrasi NaOH pada Pembuatan Kertas dari Serat Daun Nanas dan Daun Pandan Duri Hartati, Nina; Salmira, Salmira; Kurniawan, Edi; Mashitoh, Anjar Siti; Trisna, Meyci; Tarigan, Ayu Syufiatun Br
KLOROFIL: Jurnal Ilmu Biologi dan Terapan Vol 9, No 2 (2025): KLOROFIL: JURNAL ILMU BIOLOGI DAN TERAPAN
Publisher : Program Studi Biologi Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30821/kfl:jibt.v9i2.27170

Abstract

This research was conducted to determine the physical characteristics of paper made from a mixture of pineapple leaf fiber and thorny pandan leaf fiber as an environmentally friendly alternative raw material. The research method employed was an experimental design with variations in material composition, specifically 8:2, 6:4, 4:6, dan 2:8, which represent the ratio of pineapple leaf fiber to thorny pandan leaf fiber. The papermaking process began with cooking using a sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution at concentrations of 8%, 10%, and 13% at a temperature of 100 °C. Subsequently, a bleaching stage was performed using kaolin clay (5%) dissolved in 100 mL of distilled water, which was then mixed evenly using a blender. The resulting pulp was filtered, dried, and formed into paper sheets. The research findings indicate that the highest cellulose content, measuring 99,33%, was obtained at the 2:8 composition, while the lowest content, measuring 60%, was found at the 6:4 composition. The maximum grammage reached 117 g/m² and the maximum thickness was 1,21 mm, obtained from the 2:8 and 8:2 compositions, respectively. Meanwhile, the highest tensile strength value, recorded at 4,200823 kN/m was observed in the 8:2 composition. Based on these results, the paper produced demonstrates the potential to comply with the requirements stipulated in SNI 8218:2015.
Turmeric-Associated Endophytic Bacteria with IAA-Producing and Phosphate-Solubilizing Activities as Growth-Promoting Agents Sholekha, Siti; Ikhsanudin, Ahmad; Indriyani, Indriyani; Handayani, Kusuma; Susanti, Nida Lidya; Pamela, Ahmad Bintang
KLOROFIL: Jurnal Ilmu Biologi dan Terapan Vol 9, No 2 (2025): KLOROFIL: JURNAL ILMU BIOLOGI DAN TERAPAN
Publisher : Program Studi Biologi Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30821/kfl:jibt.v9i2.27641

Abstract

White turmeric (Curcuma zedoaria) is one of the strategic bio-pharmaceutical plants commonly used as a cooking ingredient and as a family medicinal plant. In the Lampung region, turmeric ranks among the top five highest-yielding bio-pharmaceutical crops, making it an abundantly available commodity. This research aims to explore the endophytic bacteria present in turmeric and to investigate the functional abilities of the isolated strains. Endophytic bacteria are microorganisms that inhabit plant tissues and can act as plant growth promoters. In addition, these bacteria can solubilize phosphate, thereby supporting plant growth. Endophytic bacteria also produce the phytohormone IAA, which plays an important role in plant development. This study obtained three endophytic bacterial isolates from the leaves of white turmeric plants, namely KPD1, KPD2, and KPD3. Isolates KPD2 and KPD3 exhibited phosphate-solubilizing activity, as indicated by the formation of clear zones measuring 2.5 ± 0.58 mm and 4.0 ± 0.82 mm, respectively. In addition, all isolates were able to produce indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), with concentrations of 54.98 µg/mL (KPD2), 54.14 µg/mL (KPD3), and 25.05 µg/mL (KPD1). The abilities demonstrated by these endophytic bacterial isolates indicate their potential as plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB).
Identifikasi Varietas Pisang di Kecamatan Jambi Luar Kota Zahra, Jovita
KLOROFIL: Jurnal Ilmu Biologi dan Terapan Vol 9, No 2 (2025): KLOROFIL: JURNAL ILMU BIOLOGI DAN TERAPAN
Publisher : Program Studi Biologi Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30821/kfl:jibt.v9i2.27485

Abstract

This study on the Identification of Banana Varieties in the Jambi Luar Kota District aims to classify four types of bananas found-Ambon Banana, Lemak Manis Banana, Kepok Banana, and Sarawak Banana-based on morphological characters and genetic relationships using MEGA 12 software. The results of the phylogenetic analysis divided these varieties into two main groups originating from the genus Musa.The nucleotide sequences of the target gene from several banana cultivars were downloaded from the NCBI GenBank database using the following accession numbers: MT227509.1 (Musa acuminata Ambon matk), MZ318122.1 (Musa acuminata Pisang Lilin matk), FJ871652.1 (Musa paradisiaca Kepok matk), and MZ318108.1 (Musa acuminata Serawak matk). The robustness of the generated phylogenetic tree was evaluated through 1,000 bootstrap replications to assess the confidence level of each branch. The final tree topology was then interpreted to determine the genetic relationships among the analyzed banana cultivars.
Literatur Review: Strategi Mitigasi Konflik Gajah Sumatera-Manusia di Kawasan Konservasi Sumatera Rimelahas, Wan Luzni; Suryani, Irma
KLOROFIL: Jurnal Ilmu Biologi dan Terapan Vol 9, No 2 (2025): KLOROFIL: JURNAL ILMU BIOLOGI DAN TERAPAN
Publisher : Program Studi Biologi Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30821/kfl:jibt.v9i2.27817

Abstract

The Sumatran elephant (Elephas maximus sumatranus), classified as Critically Endangered, plays a vital role in maintaining tropical forest ecosystems. However, habitat degradation, fragmentation, and land conversion have escalated human and elephant conflicts in Sumatra. These conflicts cause severe economic losses, crop destruction, and over 200 elephant deaths between 2010 and 2023, mainly from poaching and retaliation. This review aims to examine mitigation strategies implemented in Bukit Barisan Selatan, Way Kambas, and Gunung Leuser National Parks, and to assess their effectiveness and sustainability. Using a literature review method, relevant scientific publications on elephant conflict mitigation were systematically analyzed. Findings indicate that combined structural and non-structural approaches such as sound deterrents, elephant trenches, tame elephant patrols, and community-based units (CRU and ERU) effectively reduce short-term conflicts. Long-term success, however, requires integrated, ecosystem-based strategies emphasizing habitat restoration, corridor connectivity, and adaptive land-use planning. This study highlights the need for humanistic and sustainable mitigation to foster coexistence between humans and Sumatran elephants.
Karakteristik Kualitas Cuka Aren (Arenga pinnata Merr) Tradisional Aceh Berdasarkan SNI 01-4371-1996 Masyitah, Masyitah
KLOROFIL: Jurnal Ilmu Biologi dan Terapan Vol 9, No 2 (2025): KLOROFIL: JURNAL ILMU BIOLOGI DAN TERAPAN
Publisher : Program Studi Biologi Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30821/kfl:jibt.v9i2.28327

Abstract

Palm sap (Arenga pinnata Merr) as the main ingredient in traditional vinegar production. The result of the fermentation process of palm in the form of vinegar.This study aims to determine the quality of traditional palm vinegar (Arenga pinnata) typical of Aceh based on SNI 01-4371-1996. The type of research includes descriptive analysis. Testing the quality of palm vinegar include acetic acid content, Nacl, alcohol content, test total sugar, the amount of dissolved solids, contaminant of metal (Pb, Cu, Zn), arsenic contamination, microbial contamination and pH. The results showed that the standart that meet on vinegar are the liquid form and acid odor, residue of alcohol 3,54%, contaminant of metal Pb and Cu 0,20 mg/kg and 0,31 mg/kg, microbial contamination 1×10-1, and not detection of arsenic contaminant. pH test 3,27. Standart that not meet are the total acetic acid content 0,18%, Nacl 0,06, the amount of dissolved solids 5,2 °Brix and contaminant of metals Zinc (Zn) 2,76 mg/kg.
EFEK PEMBERIAN EKSTRAK ETANOL BUAH GANDARIA (Bouea macrophylla Griffith.) TERHADAP GAMBARAN MORFOHISTOLOGI LIMPA TIKUS PUTIH (Rattus norvegicus L.) YANG DIINDUKSI KARBON TETRAKLORIDA (CCL4) El Rawy, Ahmad Baihaqi Ananda; Febriani, Husnarika; Ningrum, Nurlian Augustin
KLOROFIL: Jurnal Ilmu Biologi dan Terapan Vol 9, No 2 (2025): KLOROFIL: JURNAL ILMU BIOLOGI DAN TERAPAN
Publisher : Program Studi Biologi Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30821/kfl:jibt.v9i2.28555

Abstract

Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) is a volatile liquid that can cause hepatotoxicity in metabolism, because it produces Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) which can trigger inflammation and cell dysfunction. Gandaria fruit (Bouea macrophylla Griffith) is known to contain a number of antioxidant compounds that function as free radical scavengers. This study aims to determine the effect of administering ethanol extract of gandaria fruit (Bouea macrophylla Griffith.) on the morphology and histology of the spleen of white rats (Rattus norvegicus L.) induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). This study used RAL using 25 rats divided into 5 groups, Negative controls was only given food and drink, Positive controls was given CCl4 1mL/kgBW Treatment P1, P2, P3, was given CCl4 1 mL/kgBW + gandaria fruit extract with doses of P1 (100 mg/kgBW), P2 (150 mg/kgBW), P3 (200 mg/kgBW). CCl4 administration was carried out every 3 days for 30 days and gandaria fruit extract was administered daily starting from day 8 to day 30.The stages in this study include qualitative phytochemical screening tests, antioxidant activity tests using the DPPH method, macroscopic analysis of the morphological condition of the spleen organ and histological examination of the spleen organ using the paraffination and HE staining methods. Data analysis used the one-way ANOVA test and continued with Duncan's advanced test. The results showed that administration of gandaria fruit ethanol extract did not affect the morphology of the spleen organ of white rats induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) including the edge shape, color, surface, texture, weight, length and width. However, induction of carbon tetrachloride at a dose of 1 mL/kgBW can damage the histological condition of the spleen tissue including bleeding and necrosis and widening the diameter of the white pulp, the diameter of the germinal center and the marginal zone. Administration of gandaria fruit ethanol extract in the P3 treatment at a dose of 200 mg/kgBW was the most effective dose in repairing spleen organ tissue.

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