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FLUIDA
Published by Politeknik Negeri Bandung
ISSN : 14128543     EISSN : 27237680     DOI : https://doi.org/10.35313/fluida
Core Subject : Science, Social, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Energy Engineering Environmental Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology
FLUIDA (FLD, ISSN: 1412-8543, e-ISSN: 2723-7680) is a science and technology journal that contains articles taken from laboratory research results, simulation results of problems, conceptual analysis (the study of problem-solving in writing) about the production process, troubleshooting, and maintenance as well as results of studies/evaluations of the performance of a system process, especially in the fields of Chemical Engineering, Sustainable and Renewable Energy, Bioprocess Technology, and Food Technology.
Arjuna Subject : Teknik Kimia (semua kategori) - Teknik Kimia (Lain-Lain)
Articles 11 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 15 No 2 (2022): FLUIDA" : 11 Documents clear
Pemanfaatan Ekstrak Daun Jambu Biji Sebagai Inhibitur Korosi Baja Paduan dalam Medium Larutan NaCl Agustinus Ngatin; Annisaa Fitri Wulandari; Asri Dwi Saffanah; Dian Ratna Suminar; Sinta Setyaningrum
Fluida Vol 15 No 2 (2022): FLUIDA
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering, Politeknik Negeri Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35313/fluida.v15i2.3923

Abstract

Korosi merupakan masalah yang tak dapat dihindari oleh industri. Salah satu upaya untuk menekan laju korosi adalah dengan menggunakan inhibitor korosi. Daun jambu biji (Psidium guajava L.) mengandung antioksidan berupa tanin yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai inhibitor korosi organik ramah lingkungan pada baja paduan tinggi dalam medium larutan NaCl 3,56% (b/v). Ekstrak daun jambu biji didapatkan dengan metode maserasi, sedangkan pengkorosian dengan metode perendaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh konsentrasi inhibitor ekstrak daun jambu biji dan waktu pengkorosian terhadap laju korosi dengan efisiensi inhibisinya pada baja paduan tinggi dalam medium larutan NaCl 3,56%. Hasil penelitian menujukkan bahwa laju korosi terendah dicapai pada konsentrasi inhibitor ekstrak 400 ppm sebesar 0,0244 mm/y dengan efisiensi inhibisi 53,03%. Pengaruh waktu pengkorosian baja paduan tinggi pada konsentrasi inhibitor ekstrak 400 dan 800 ppm menghasilkan laju korosi terendah pada waktu 192 jam, yaitu 0,0301 dan 0,0282 mm/y. Penggunaan ekstrak daun jambu biji sebagai inhibitor korosi berhasil menurunkan laju korosi baja paduan tinggi dalam medium larutan NaCl 3,56%.
Pengaruh Laju Alir Terhadap Penurunan Pengotor Limbah Laundry Metode Elektrokoagulasi Kontinyu Berpengaduk Agustinus Ngatin; Adi Rizki Nugraha; Mukhtar Gozali; Ageng Priyambudi; Tri Hariyadi; Rony Pasonang Sihombing; Yusmardhany Yusuf; Retno Dwi Jayanti; Retno Indarti
Fluida Vol 15 No 2 (2022): FLUIDA
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering, Politeknik Negeri Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35313/fluida.v15i2.4040

Abstract

Limbah laundry dapat menjadi masalah serius bagi lingkungan jika dibuang tanpa pengolahan. Masalah yang timbul diantaranya nilai Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), fosfat, dan kekeruhan yang tinggi. Tujuan penelitian yaitu mempelajari pengaruh laju alir terhadap efisiensi penurunan kadar kekeruhan, COD, dan TSS, serta menentukan kondisi optimalnya dengan alat elektrokoagulasi kontinyu berpengaduk. Reaktornya adalah reaktor berkapasitas 10 L dilengkapi pengaduk 180 rpm, pompa peristaltik, rectifier dan 3 pasang elektroda Alumunium dengan ketebalan 0,3x15x15cm yang disusun secara monopolar. Percobaan variasi laju alir (115mL/menit, 170 mL/menit, 340mL/menit) dilakukan dengan rapat arus tetap (70 A/m2), dengan waktu operasi 60 menit untuk setiap variasi. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa pada laju tinggi (340 mL/menit) dan laju rendah (115 mL/menit) menghasilkan efisiensi penurunan pengotor yang rendah dan laju alir terbaik ditunjukkan pada 170 mL/menit. Kondisi optimal terjadi pada laju alir 170 mL/menit pada rapat 70 A/m2 menghasilkan efisiensi penurunan kekeruhan, COD, dan TSS berturut-turut 89,35%, 73,33%, dan 99,26%. Laundry waste can be a serious problem for the environment if it is disposed of without treatment. Problems that arise include the value of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), phosphate, and high turbidity. The aims of the research were to study the effect of flow rate and current density on the efficiency of reducing turbidity, COD, and TSS levels, and to determine the optimal conditions using a continuous stirred electrocoagulation device. The reaktor used is a reaktor with a capacity of 10 L equipped with a 180 rpm stirrer, a peristaltic pump, a rectifier and 3 pairs of aluminum electrodes with a thickness of 0.3x15x15cm arranged in a monopolar manner. The flow rate variation experiment was carried out with a constant current density (70 A/m2), and the current density variation experiment was carried out with a fixed flow rate (170 ml/minute) with an operating time of 60 minutes for each variation. The results of the flow rate variation showed that at a high rate (340 ml/min) and a low rate (115 ml/min) resulted in a low impurity reduction efficiency, the best flow rate was shown at 170 ml/min. The results of the current density variation show that the increase in impurity reduction efficiency occurs as the current density increases, the best results occur at a current density of 70 A/m2. Optimal conditions occurred at a flow rate of 170 ml/min at a rate of 70 A/m2 resulting in the efficiency of reducing turbidity, COD, and TSS respectively 89.35%, 73.33%, and 99.26%.
Pengaruh Konsentrasi Pemlastis Pada Aplikasi Edible Coating Dari Tepung Pektin Apel Pada Buah Tomat Naura Alfairuzy Quluby; Revani Triananda; Ayu Ratna Permanasari; Irwan Hidayatulloh; Fitria Yulistiani
Fluida Vol 15 No 2 (2022): FLUIDA
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering, Politeknik Negeri Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35313/fluida.v15i2.4390

Abstract

The edible coating is a protective layer that can regulate the rate of respiration. The purpose of the study is to see the effect of adding a plasticizer to the edible coating application of apple pectin flour on tomatoes. Edible coating was made with 2% apple pectin flour and plasticizers glycerol and sorbitol in concentrations of 0.5 percent, 0.6 percent, 0.7 percent, 0.8 percent, 0.9 percent, and 1 percent (v/v). Plasticizer concentrations of 1 percent glycerol and 0.7 percent sorbitol were found to be optimal. The addition of 1% glycerol resulted in 3.673 percent tomato fruit weight loss with a shelf life of more than 20 days, and the addition of 0.7 percent sorbitol resulted in 5.718 percent tomato fruit weight loss with a shelf life of more than 7 days. The percentage of elongation (2.47 percent and 1.125 percent), tensile strength (17.10 and 6.61 Mpa), water vapor transmission rate (5.955 and 7.070 g/m2/day), and thickness (0.06 mm) of edible coating with 1 percent glycerol and 0.7 percent sorbitol were obtained. The thickness, tensile strength, and water vapor transmission rate all met Japanese Industrial Standards, according to these results.
Fermentasi Kopi Arabika Menggunakan Fermentor Skala UMKM Tri Hariyadi; Zahra Nur Salsabila; Gianistri Maulani; Keryanti Keryanti
Fluida Vol 15 No 2 (2022): FLUIDA
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering, Politeknik Negeri Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35313/fluida.v15i2.4391

Abstract

Coffee farmer in Babakan Kertasari Village requires a fermenter that can ferment 100 kg of coffee cherries per day to fulfill the market demand. Therefore, the object of this study is to make a coffee fermenter with SMEs scale and to evaluate the performance of the fermenter with the addition of 130 ml/L of Local Microorganism (MOL) made from fermented cassava (cassava tape). Fermentation was carried out for 72 hours in room temperature and in semi-aerobic condition with 14 kg of coffee cherries in SMEs scale fermenter. Evaluation of the fermenter performance was done by analysing pH and ethanol content and organoleptic test of taste and aroma of fermented coffee. The result of analysis shows that fermented Arabica coffee which called cultured coffee fulfilled the National Indonesian Standard (SNI) with pH greater than 4 and caffeine content of 1.97%. Organoleptic test showed that 56% of panellists really like the aroma and 24% of panellists really like the taste of cultured coffee.
In Situ Katalitik Basa pada Proses Pembuatan Biodiesel dari Mikroalga Nannochloropsis sp Shoerya Shoelarta; Ghusrina Prihandini; Mariatha Martha; Rusdiyana Nur Putri Salimi; Fitria Yulistiani
Fluida Vol 15 No 2 (2022): FLUIDA
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering, Politeknik Negeri Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35313/fluida.v15i2.4395

Abstract

Biodiesel merupakan salah satu bahan bakar alternatif yang dapat digunakan sebagai pengganti bahan bakar fosil. Mikroalga Nannochloropsis sp merupakan bahan baku terbarukan yang mampu menghasilkan lipid hingga 68% dan berpotensi untuk dijadikan bahan baku pembuatan biodiesel. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi konsentrasi katalis NaOH dan suhu yang digunakan terhadap biodiesel yang dihasilkan dari biomassa Nannochloropsis sp yang digunakan sebagai bahan baku, serta menguji densitas dan viskositas dari crude biodiesel yang dihasilkan. Metode yang digunakan dalam pembuatan biodiesel ini yaitu in situ transesterifikasi menggunakan katalis NaOH 1% dan 2%, pada temperatur 50 dan 60 , dan pada tekanan atmosfer. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa penambahan konsentrasi katalis NaOH 2% meningkatkan yield crude biodiesel menjadi 71,03%, densitas dan viskositas crude biodiesel yang mendekati standar SNI adalah 833,75 kg/m3 dan 1,3579 cSt dengan kondisi operasi pada suhu 50oC dan konsentrasi katalis NaOH 2%.
Uji Coba Biokoagulan dari Selulosa Cangkang Aren Menggunakan Unit Koagulasi, Flokulasi, dan Sedimentasi Secara Kontinyu Endang Kusumawati; Dea Rahmawati; Fera Rahma Vrilian; Irwan Hidayatulloh
Fluida Vol 15 No 2 (2022): FLUIDA
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering, Politeknik Negeri Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35313/fluida.v15i2.4400

Abstract

Jawa barat merupakan provinsi yang memiliki luas perkebunan aren paling besar di wilayah indonesia yaitu 14.201 ha. Pohon aren menghasilkan produk olahan utama salah satunya kolang kaling. Produk ini menjadi komoditas ekspor ke berbagai negara di dunia. Namun dari hasil produksi kolang kaling tersebut dihasilkan limbah cangkang yang masih memiliki daya guna rendah. Cangkang aren ini memiliki potensi sebagai biokoagulan karena mengandung selulosa yang memiliki gugus fungsi yang mendukung proses koagulasi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu mengkarakterisasi biokoagulan cangkang aren, menentukan dosis optimum dan pH optimum biokoagulan cangkang aren dan melakukan uji kinerja biokoagulan pada reaktor kontinyu. Dosis optimum koagulan ditentukan dengan memvariasikan dosis pada rentang 200 – 550 mg/L sedangkan pH optimum ditentukan dengan memvariasikan pH pada rentang 6 - 8,5. Air baku yang diolah menggunakan limbah artifisial dengan kekeruhan awal sebesar 100 NTU. Hasil penelitian dengan metode jar test menunjukan dosis terbaik koagulan selulosa cangkang aren yaitu pada dosis 200 mg/L dan pH terbaik pada pH 8,5. Pada pengujian reaktor kontinyu didapat laju alir terbaik pada laju alir umpan 100 L/jam dengan penurunan kekeruhan 58,287% pada titik setelah lamella clarifier dengan penyisihan TSS sebesar 53,57%.
Pengaruh Suhu Proses Sokletasi dan Volume Pelarut n-heksana terhadap Yield Minyak Atsiri Jeruk Lemon Fania Zulfa Salsabila; Rosyidah Khoirunnisa Mahdan; Ghusrina Prihandini; Robby Sudarman; Fitria Yulistiani
Fluida Vol 15 No 2 (2022): FLUIDA
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering, Politeknik Negeri Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35313/fluida.v15i2.4409

Abstract

Essential oils are volatile compounds found in lemon peels. Essential oils are used in addition to soaps, perfumes, and candles because of their fresh aroma. Essential oils can be extracted using solid-liquid extraction. Soxhlet extraction was chosen because the process is continuous and requires less solvent than the percolation method. The solvent N-Hexane was chosen because its polar value was close to the polarity of the essential oil. Soxhlet extraction was carried out with variations in process temperature (70, 75, and 80°C) and solvent volume (16, 240, and 320ml). Previously, the lemon peel was pre-treated by drying (<100°C, 1 hour) and grinding. After extraction, the essential oil was added with anhydrous (Na2SO4). The best results were obtained at a process temperature of 80°C and a solvent volume of 320 ml yielding 3.25%. The increase in process temperature and solvent volume increases the yield of essential oils. Based on the results of the GC-MS analysis, lemon essential oil contains limonene (41.06%) and citral (12.2%). The content of limonene gives the aroma, and the content of citral gives color to the lemon essential oil. Abstrak Minyak atsiri merupakan senyawa volatile yang banyak ditemukan pada kulit jeruk lemon. Minyak atsiri digunakan sebagai tambahan sabun, parfum, dan lilin karena aromanya yang segar. Minyak atsiri dapat diambil menggunakan ekstraksi padat-cair. Ekstraksi sokletasi dipilih karena prosesnya kontinyu dan membutuhkan lebih sedikit pelarut dibandingkan metode perkolasi. Pelarut N-Heksana dipilih karena nilai polarnya mendekati kepolaran minyak atsiri. Ekstraksi sokletasi dilakukan dengan variasi suhu proses (70, 75, dan 80°C) dan volume pelarut (160, 240, dan 320ml). Sebelumnya dilakukan pre-treatment pada kulit jeruk lemon berupa pengeringan (<100°C, 1jam) dan penghalusan. Setelah diekstraksi, minyak atsiri diberi tambahan anhidrat (Na2SO4). Hasil terbaik diperoleh pada suhu proses 80°C dan volume pelarut 320 ml dengan hasil yield 3,25%. Peningkatan suhu proses dan volume pelarut meningkatkan yield minyak atsiri. Berdasarkan hasil analisis GC-MS minyak atsiri jeruk lemon mengandung limonene (41,06%), dan citral (12,2%). Kandungan limonene memberikan aroma dan kandungan citral memberikan warna pada minyak atsiri jeruk lemon.
Partial Hydrogenation of FAME on Trickle Bed Reactor using Nickel Catalyst Teguh Budi Santoso; Yuswan Muharam
Fluida Vol 15 No 2 (2022): FLUIDA
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering, Politeknik Negeri Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35313/fluida.v15i2.4434

Abstract

FAME (fatty acid methyl ester) is an alternative fuel that is still limited in its application to engines because its low oxidation stability affects the quality of biodiesel storage. A solution to overcome this problem is the partial hydrogenation process in which polyunsaturated FAMEs react with hydrogen, and a catalyst breaks down unsaturated bonds which are oxidation determinants. The use of Ni/Al2O3 catalyst is more advantageous due to its lower cost and higher activity. In this research, partial hydrogenation was carried out in a trickle-bed reactor. The objective of the research is to investigate the effect of operating conditions on FAME conversion. The experimental result shows that the partial hydrogenation of polyunsaturated FAMEs in a trickle bed reactor broke down the polyunsaturated bonds (C19:2) of FAME’s into monounsaturated bonds (C19:1) and saturated bonds (C19:0). The conversion of polyunsaturated FAMEs reaches 8.93% under the inlet pressure of 0.7 MPa, the inlet temperature of 160°C, the hydrogen flowrate of 250 ml/min, the biodiesel flowrate of 0.667 ml/min, and the catalyst size of 1.5 mm.
Aplikasi Nanocrystalline Cellulose dari Proses Hidrolisis Asam sebagai Reinforced Material pada Kertas Facial Tissue Edwin Kristianto Sijabat; Surya Adelia Sakti; Basuki Tri Prijadi
Fluida Vol 15 No 2 (2022): FLUIDA
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering, Politeknik Negeri Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35313/fluida.v15i2.4452

Abstract

Para pelaku industri dan akademisi saat ini tengah mengkaji penelitian berdasarkan penggunaan bahan polimer alam yang ketersediaannya sangat melimpah dan bersifat biodegradable yakni nanoselulosa. Karakteristik yang menarik dari nanoselulosa ini diantaranya memiliki luas permukaan yang sangat besar, modulus young tinggi, dan kekuatan tarik yang tinggi sehingga menjadikan nanoselulosa ini sangat potensial digunakan sebagai reinforced material pada kertas. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh penambahan Nanocrystalline Cellulose (NCC) sebagai reinforced material terhadap sifat fisik kertas facial tissue. Nanocrystalline Cellulose (NCC) diperoleh dari pulp LBKP refined yang divariasikan pada proses hidrolisisnya menggunakan asam sulfat (H2SO4) 40%, 60%, 80% dan asam fosfat (H3PO4) 40%, 60%, 80%. Nanocrystalline Cellulose (NCC) tersebut dilakukan perbandingan variasi dosis blank, 1.5 Kg/T, 3 Kg/T, 4.5 Kg/T, dan 6 Kg/T. Pada hasil penelitian diketahui dosis optimum penambahan Nanocrystalline Cellulose (NCC) saat pembuatan handsheet untuk menghasilkan sifat fisik kertas facial tissue yang baik pada variasi asam sulfat (H2SO4) 60% dosis 3 Kg/T mampu meningkatkan nilai bulk, bursting index, dry tensile index, wet tensile index dan variasi asam fosfat (H3PO4) 80% dosis 1.5 Kg/T mampu meningkatkan nilai bulk, tearing index, bursting index, dry tensile index, wet tensile index. Industry players and academics are currently reviewing research based on use of natural polymer materials that abundantly available and biodegradable namely nanocellulose. The interesting characteristics of nanocellulose include having a large surface area, high Young's modulus, and high tensile strength, making this nanocellulose very potential to use as reinforced material. The purpose of this study to determine the effect of adding Nanocrystalline Cellulose (NCC) as reinforced material to the physical properties of facial tissue paper. Nanocrystalline Cellulose (NCC) is obtained from refined LBKP pulp which is varied hydrolysis process using sulfuric acid (H2SO4) 40%, 60%, 80% and phosphoric acid (H3PO4) 40%, 60%, 80%. The Nanocrystalline Cellulose (NCC) was compared with the dosage variations blank, 1.5 Kg/T, 3 Kg/T, 4.5 Kg/T, and 6 Kg/T. The results showed that the optimum dose of addition of Nanocrystalline Cellulose (NCC) when making handsheets at 60% sulfuric acid (H2SO4) variation at 3 Kg/T and phosphoric acid (H3PO4) 80% at 1.5 Kg/T was able to increase properties such as bulk value, bursting index, dry tensile index, and wet tensile index.
Pengaruh Konsentrasi Gliserol dalam Edible Coating Tepung Biji Nangka dengan Penambahan Plasticizer Gliserol Emmanuela Maria Widyanti; Nancy Siti Djenar; Ari Marlina; Endang Widiastuti; Irwan Hidayatulloh; Intan Puspitarini; Dhara Firdausa; Lidya Elizabeth
Fluida Vol 15 No 2 (2022): FLUIDA
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering, Politeknik Negeri Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35313/fluida.v15i2.4419

Abstract

Tomatoes are horticultural plants that are easily damaged, need to be coated with a food grade edible coating. The basic ingredients that can be used are polysaccharides, derived from jackfruit seed flour, then glycerol plasticizer is added to improve the brittle nature of the edible coating. The maximum glycerol added was carried out with the following concentration variations: control (without glycerol), 1.5%, 2.0%, 2.5%. The analysis carried out included testing the respiration rate and weight loss in tomato storage for 6 days. In determining the respiration rate, an experiment was carried out by flowing 1 L/minute of air for 2 minutes which had been passed through a saturated Ca(OH)2 solution flowed into a jar containing tomatoes, passing through a 0.05 N NaOH solution added 0.1% phenophthalein indicator and titrated with HCl 0.05 N until the red color disappears and the weight loss decreases on tomatoes coated with edible coating. The results obtained were the lowest decrease in respiration rate at 2% glycerol concentration of 0.137 mgCO2/kg.hour and the lowest decrease in weight loss at 2.5% glycerol concentration of 1.913%.

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