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Unes Law Review
Published by Universitas Ekasakti
ISSN : 26543605     EISSN : 26227045     DOI : https://doi.org/10.31933/unesrev.v6i1.1019
Core Subject : Health, Science, Education, Social,
Education Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Physics Public Health Social Sciences
UNES Law Review adalah Jurnal Penelitian Hukum yang dikelola oleh Magister Hukum Pascasarjana, Universitas Ekasakti Padang. Penelitian yang dimuat merupakan pendapat pribadi peneliti dan bukan merupakan pendapat editor. Jurnal terbit secara berkala 4 (empat) kali dalam setahun yaitu September, Desember, Maret, dan Juni. UNES Law Review mulai Volume 4 Nomor 3 Tahun 2022 sampai Volume 9 Nomor 2 Tahun 2027 Reakreditasi Naik Peringkat dari Peringkat 5 ke Peringkat 4 sesuai nomor Akreditasi : 204/E/KPT/2022, 3 Oktober 2022 UNES Law Review is a Legal Research Journal managed by Postgraduate Law Masters, Ekasakti University, Padang. The published research is the personal opinion of the researcher and is not the opinion of the editor. The journal is published periodically 4 (four) times a year, namely September, December, March and June. UNES Law Review Volume 4 Number 3 of 2022 to Volume 9 Number 2 of 2027 Reaccreditation Raised Rank from Rank 5 to Rank 4 according to Accreditation number: 204/E/KPT/2022, 3 October 2022
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 552 Documents
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PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP PENJUAL DALAM TRANSAKSI JUAL BELI ONLINE DENGAN METODE PEMBAYARAN CASH ON DELIVERY (COD) Bennedicta, Shelva Shendy; Purwo Sulistyo, Al Qodar
UNES Law Review Vol. 5 No. 4 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Ekasakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31933/unesrev.v5i4.558

Abstract

Buying and selling online is an option that is in great demand by the public because it has many conveniences and advantages. With the increasing sophistication of online buying and selling transactions, there are also many choices of payment methods for these transactions, one of which is Cash On Delivery or what is commonly referred to as (COD). However, along with its development, many sellers have suffered losses from the Cash On Delivery payment method. This paper aims to find out how legal protection is for sellers in online buying and selling transactions with the Cash On Delivery payment method and also what legal remedies can be used by sellers. This paper uses a normative juridical research method by applying a statutory approach, namely by means of an analysis of statutory regulations and provisions in accordance with the problems being handled. The results of this paper explain that legal protection for sellers in carrying out online buying and selling transactions with the Cash on Delivery payment method is contained in Article 6 of Law Number 9 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection. In addition, to protect the rights of the seller, there are also legal remedies that can be taken, namely by way of settlement out of court through Alternative Dispute Resolution. In this case the settlement of disputes through the courts is expected to be the final effort that will be taken by the seller and the buyer after other methods do not result in an agreement.
ASPEK HUKUM PRESIDENSIAL THRESHOLD DALAM PEMILIHAN PRESIDEN DAN WAKIL PRESIDEN DI INDONESIA Idris, Fahmi; Jaya Wardana, Dodi
UNES Law Review Vol. 5 No. 4 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Ekasakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31933/unesrev.v5i4.559

Abstract

Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia, sesuai dengan amanat konstitusi, menganut sistem pemerintahan presidensial. Dalam penerapannya, presiden memiliki kewenangan yang signifikan. Namun, di negara-negara lain yang menganut sistem presidensial, hanya menerapkan sistem dwi partai. Sebagai negara yang terdiri dari beragam suku dan budaya, Indonesia berharap agar sistem ketatanegaraannya sesuai dengan sistem presidensial pada umumnya. Harapan tersebut sedikit demi sedikit terwujud melalui penerapan presidensial threshold yang diharapkan dapat menyederhanakan sistem multi partai yang berlaku di Indonesia. Namun, penerapan presidensial threshold dalam pemilihan presiden di Indonesia sebenarnya memiliki sejarah yang menakutkan terhadap dinamika politik di Indonesia. Pada pemilihan presiden tahun 2014 dan 2019, terjadi perpecahan di antara pendukung calon presiden dan wakil presiden. Pemilihan presiden di tahun-tahun tersebut hanya menghadirkan dua calon yang kontestasinya sangat ketat. Oleh karena itu, para akademisi menganggap bahwa presidensial threshold dengan angka 20% di kursi parlemen atau 25% dari suara sah nasional terlalu tinggi dan khawatir akan memunculkan perpecahan dalam kontestasi pemilihan presiden di tahun 2024.
NORMATIVISASI NILAI-NILAI PANCASILA DALAM PEMBENTUKAN PERATURAN DAERAH UNTUK MEWUJUDKAN PEMBANGUNAN HUKUM YANG BERKELANJUTAN Umam, Khairul
UNES Law Review Vol. 5 No. 4 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Ekasakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31933/unesrev.v5i4.560

Abstract

Normativisasi nilai-nilai Pancasila dalam pembentukan peraturan daerah untuk mewujudkan pembangunan hukum yang berkelanjutan menjadi langkah yang mendesak untuk dilakukan. Saat ini, banyak peraturan perundang-undangan yang ada di Indonesia dibentuk dengan jalan yang menyimpang dan mengabaikan nilai-nilai Pancasila. Banyak peraturan yang baru saja ditetapkan namun langsung mendapatkan penolakan dari masyarakat dan tidak sedikit masyarakat mengajukan judicial review atas suatu produk hukum yang baru ditetapkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis bagaimana kedudukan nilai-nilai Pancasila dalam pembentukan peraturan daerah, dan bagaimana normativisasi nilai-nilai Pancasila menjadi validitas peraturan daerah sehingga dapat menjamin kepastian hukum. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian yuridis normatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan, pendekatan konseptual, dan pendekatan filosofis. Hasil penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa nilai-nilai Pancasila berkedudukan sebagai sistem norma (system of norms) sekaligus sebagai bintang pemandu (leitstern) dalam pembentukan peraturan daerah, yaitu nilai Pancasila memberikan patokan dan standar dalam pembentukan peraturan daerah. Selain itu, nilai-nilai Pancasila juga berfungsi sebagai sistem perilaku (system of behavior) dalam pembentukan peraturan daerah, yaitu meliputi perencanaan, penyusunan, pembahasan, pengesahan, dan pengundangan. Sementara itu, nilai-nilai Pancasila juga berlaku sebagai sistem validitas (system of validity) yang menentukan apakah norma suatu peraturan daerah valid atau tidak valid.
REALISASI KONTRAK KERJA KONSTRUKSI PIHAK SWASTA DENGAN DINAS PERUMAHAN RAKYAT DAN KAWASAN PERMUKIMAN SERTA PERTANAHAN Safira, Devinia Yuri; Maharani, Sri
UNES Law Review Vol. 5 No. 4 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Ekasakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31933/unesrev.v5i4.561

Abstract

Infrastructure development by the government, namely the Surabaya People's Housing and Settlement Area and Land Affairs Office, is carried out by holding project tenders to cooperate with private parties engaged in construction services to expedite the development process. This study aims to determine the implementation of construction work contracts between the parties, especially when there is default and the type of research used is empirical juridical. The results of the study show that it is the competence side of human resources from the private sector that is the factor causing defaults in the implementation of construction work contracts. Handling from the agency is carried out by holding an addendum which simultaneously gives a warning, imposes fines, and blacklists private companies. Obstacles that occur in the handling process come from the internal side, namely the private sector that is not cooperative. In addition, it also came from the external side, namely from the private sector engaged in construction services. Solutions to dealing with these obstacles require upholding legal certainty as well as revamping the system in its implementation to make it more stringent and prevent things that end up causing harm to many parties in the development process.
DINAMIKA IMPLEMENTASI PENDEKATAN RESTORATIVE JUSTICE DALAM PENYELESAIAN TINDAK PIDANA Kusumawardhani, Dwinanda Linchia Levi Heningdyah Nikolas
UNES Law Review Vol. 5 No. 4 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Ekasakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31933/unesrev.v5i4.562

Abstract

Restorative justice has emerged as an alternative approach to the traditional criminal justice system, focusing on the restoration of relationships and addressing the needs of victims, offenders, and communities. This paper explores the concept of restorative justice and its role in achieving substantial justice in the resolution of criminal offenses. By emphasizing dialogue, accountability, and repair, restorative justice seeks to transform the traditional punitive model into a more inclusive and participatory process. The paper examines the key principles and practices of restorative justice, highlighting its potential benefits for both victims and offenders. It explores how restorative justice processes provide opportunities for victims to express their feelings, receive apologies, and actively participate in the decision-making process. For offenders, restorative justice offers a chance to take responsibility for their actions, make amends, and reintegrate into the community. Furthermore, the paper discusses the challenges and limitations of implementing restorative justice within the existing criminal justice system. It acknowledges the need for comprehensive legislative frameworks, trained facilitators, and community support to ensure the successful integration of restorative justice practices. The findings suggest that restorative justice holds promise in fostering healing, rehabilitation, and social reintegration. By prioritizing the needs and voices of victims and offenders, restorative justice promotes a more balanced and humanized approach to justice. Its emphasis on repairing harm and building stronger communities contributes to the overall effectiveness and fairness of the criminal justice system.
KAJIAN YURIDIS KONSEP PERSEROAN PERSEORANGAN SEBAGAI BADAN HUKUM PERSEROAN TERBATAS DI INDONESIA Fauzi, Wetria
UNES Law Review Vol. 5 No. 4 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Ekasakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31933/unesrev.v5i4.563

Abstract

Kehadiran Perseroan Terbatas sebagai suatu bentuk badan usaha dalam kehidupan sehari-hari tidak lagi dapat diabaikan. Pelaku usaha dalam menjalankan praktik bisnisnya sangat lazim dengan kehadiran Perseroan Terbatas sebagai bentuk badan usaha yang digunakan dalam skala usaha mikro, kecil, menengah, hingga skala besar. Sehingga PT merupakan bentuk badan usaha yang paling sering digunakan saat ini dengan ciri khas berupa pembatasan tanggung jawab di dalamnya.konsep Perseroan Terbatas yang mulanya didirikan dengan prinsip persekutuan modal dan berdasarkan perjanjian, dengan adanya Perseroan Perorangan konsep persekutuan modal dan berdasarkan perjanjian tidak lagi menjadi syarat mutlak pendirian PT karena Perseroan Perorangan hanya dapat didirikan oleh 1 (satu) orang pemegang saham. Sehingga, bentuk badan usaha berupa perseroan perorangan ini merupakan suatu konsep yang baru diterapkan di Indonesia yang tentunya menganut prinsip pemisahan tanggungjawab (separate entity) sebagai ciri khas PT antara perseroan dengan pemegang saham (yang tunggal tersebut). Berbeda dengan Usaha Dagang (selanjutnya disebut UD) yang merupakan salah satu bentuk badan usaha yang didirikan dan dijalankan oleh satu orang saja. berdasarkan pendekatan yuridis maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa stautus badan hukum perseroan perseorangan adalah sah berbadan hukum, karena men\mang sudah diatur keberadaannya dalam UU Cipta kerja yang mana diatur menyatu dengan pengertian perseroan Terbatas itu sendiri. Berdasarkan teori Insitusional dan perkembangan ilmu hukum moderna maka secara teori konsep perseroan perseorangan sesuai dengan teori innstitusional, dalam hal ini pengertioan perseroan menggunakan pendekatan teori perjanjian dan institusional.Pemerintah perlu mensosialisasikan keberadaan konsep perseroan perseorangan ini dalam rangka peningkatan pertumbuhan ekonomi bangsa melalui usaha mikro dan kecil. Namun perlu dilakukan pengaturan khusus terkait perseroan perseorangan.
ANALISIS HUKUM PERUSAHAAN PADA KASUS KEPAILITAN ANAK PERUSAHAAN BADAN USAHA MILIK NEGARA (HOLDING COMPANY) Syuhada, Wahyu
UNES Law Review Vol. 5 No. 4 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Ekasakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31933/unesrev.v5i4.564

Abstract

Bankruptcy is a risk that can occur to both a subsidiary or a parent company in a state-owned holding enterprise. It is not a trivial matter for the state-owned holding company if its subsidiary suffers from bankruptcy, considering the position of the subsidiary and the parent company are separated, yet in some cases, the subsidiary is instead treated equally as a state-owned enterprise. The first issue would be, what is the legal relationship between the parent company and its subsidiary in the state-owned holding company; and second, how is the responsibility towards the bankrupted subsidiary. This research uses the normative juridical method. In which, it is concluded that first, as separate and independent entities, both the parent company and its subsidiary are restricted by the nature of separate legal entities and limited liabilities in carrying out their respective activities, even though they are bound under the same holding company. Second, the bankruptcy of a subsidiary of the state-owned holding company can occur and the responsibility of the parent company is limited to the shares that it owns, and if it is discovered that in its financial management, the parent company contribute in the bankruptcy of the subsidiary, then the responsibilities can expand.
DISPARITAS PENENTUAN HARGA TRANSAKSI DALAM JUAL BELI TANAH DAN PENDAFTARANNYA Farikha, Danur Alma; Adhim, Nur
UNES Law Review Vol. 5 No. 4 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Ekasakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31933/unesrev.v5i4.566

Abstract

Pejabat Pembuat Akta Tanah (PPAT) berwewenang untuk membuat akta otentik, yang salah satunya ialah Akta Jual Beli (AJB). Ditemukan bahwa penentuan harga antara kesepakatan para pihak dengan hasil verifikasi lapangan pada proses pendaftaran ialah terjadi disparitas. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah guna menggali urgensi kepastian hukum atas disparitas penentuan harga transaksi dalam jual beli tanah dan pendaftaran sekaligus upaya-upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk mengatasinya. Penelitian ini berjenis normatif, dengan pendekatan terhadap perundang-undangan dan pendekatan konseptual. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa adanya disparitas ialah karena kekosongan hukum. Kepastian hukum ini menjadi urgensi untuk diwujudkan, mengingat teori kepastian hukum menurut Hans Kalsen dan Jan Michael Otto bahwa kepastian hukum diwujudkan dengan adanya pengaturan hukum yang jelas dan konsisten. Kepastian hukum menjadi urgensi untuk diwujudkan agar tidak membingungkan masyarakat sebagai bentuk perlindungan hukum dari negara. Selain itu juga demi pendapatan negara dengan baik dari sektor pajak atas tindakan jual beli tanah, yaitu terkait Pajak Penghasilan (Pph) dan Bea Perolehan Hak atas Tanah dan Bangunan (BPHTB). Pengaturan hukum yang lebih spesifik ini perlu dilahirkan sebagai kunci untuk mewujudkan kepastian hukum atas adanya disparitas penentuan harga tersebut.
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM DAN KEPASTIAN HUKUM KEPEMILIKAN TANAH MELALUI PENDAFTARAN TANAH BERDASARKAN SISTEM PUBLIKASI NEGATIF BERTENDENSI POSITIF Gunawan, Gunawan; Anggraeni, Happy Yulia; Pramesty, Ligar Ayu
UNES Law Review Vol. 5 No. 4 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Ekasakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31933/unesrev.v5i4.567

Abstract

Indonesia as a state based on law has regulated public welfare, especially regarding ownership of land rights guaranteed in the Basic Agrarian Law Number 5 of 1960 (UUPA). However, in practice regarding land registration there are still various problems. Because certificates, which are the end product of land registration, can still be canceled as a result of the publication system adopted. The purpose of this study is to understand the extent of legal protection and legal certainty of ownership of land rights through a positive negative publication system. The research method is Normative, a scientific research approach to find the truth based on the logic of legal science from the normative side. Based on the results of this study it can be concluded that the ownership of land rights through land registration with a negative publication system with a positive dimension is appropriate but in its an implementation it does not guarantee legal certainty for certificate holders because certificates are strong evidence so that they can still be sued within a period of 5 years. Arrangements regarding the time period for a lawsuit to cancel a certificate need to be amended, because since the certificate is issued 5 years is enough time for the certificate holder to face the possibility of a lawsuit.
PERTANGGUNG JAWABAN HUKUM PLATFORM MEDIA SOSIAL TERHADAP PUBLIKASI KONTEN YANG MENGANDUNG UNSUR PORNOGRAFI Aziz, Fahrul Abdul; Anggraeni, Yulia
UNES Law Review Vol. 5 No. 4 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Ekasakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31933/unesrev.v5i4.568

Abstract

The rapid flow of globalization affects the way of thinking and human lifestyle towards a more modern, rapid development of information technology and the high use of social media causes the world relationship to be borderless so as to increase the spread of various pornographic content resulting in cyber bullying, nonconsensual pornography, and trolling The negative impact is also experienced by adolescents and children who experience internet harassment. Therefore, technology companies as platform providers have the authority to identify publishable content. Several laws, especially Law No. 19 of 2016, have provisions regarding the protection of private life, however, until now there has been no regulation that clearly regulates the responsibility of technology companies. This paper aims to find the legal basis for the responsibility of technology companies for the realization of the protection of private life so that the main problem in this paper is the extent of the responsibility of technology companies for content containing elements of pornography.

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