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INDONESIA
Jurnal Iktiologi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Ichthyology)
Published by Masyarakat Iktiologi Indonesia
ISSN : 16930339     EISSN : 25798634     DOI : https://doi.org/10.32491
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
Aims and Scope Aims: Jurnal Iktiologi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Ichthyology) aims to publish original research results on fishes (pisces) in fresh, brackish and sea waters including biology, physiology, and ecology, and their application in the fields of fishing, aquaculture, fisheries management, and conservation. Scope: This journal publishes high-quality articles dedicated to all aspects Aquaculture, Fish biodiversity, Fisheries management, Fish diseases, Fishery biotecnology, Moleculer genetics, Fish health management, Fish biodiversity.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 420 Documents
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Struktur trofik komunitas ikan di Sungai Cisadea Kabupaten Cianjur, Jawa Barat [Trophic structure of fish community in Cisadea River, Cianjur, Jawa Barat] Epa Paujiah; Dedy Duryadi Solihin; Ridwan Affandi
Jurnal Iktiologi Indonesia Vol 13 No 2 (2013): Desember 2013
Publisher : Masyarakat Iktiologi Indonesia (Indonesian Ichthyological Society)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32491/jii.v13i2.100

Abstract

Interactions in fish community in an ecosystem can be assessed through food habits analysis. This study aims to assess the trophic structure of fish communities in Cisadea River. Fishes were collected using active and passive fishing gear at six locations representing upstream, midstream, and downstream areas at the dry season (June-November 2012). During the observation, sample was caught of 666 individuals consists of 48 species. A total of 250 individuals were analyzed for their food composition and digestive tract morphology to determine their trophic groups. Based on large group of organisms, fish community in Cisadea River consists three guild is carnivorous, omnivorous and herbivorous fish which dominated by carnivore and omnivore fish. Based on food organism taxon, the fishes were assigned to four groups i.e. insectivore, phy-toplanktivore, crustacivore, and molluscivore, with eight groups of food organisms (phytoplankton, insects, macrophytes, crustaceans, mollusc, fish, protozoa, and rotifers). In the upstream and midstream areas, the primary diet was insects and algae, whereas in the downstream the diet consists of algae, crustaceans, and insects. Abstrak Interaksi yang terjadi pada suatu komunitas ikan dapat dikaji melalui analisis makanan alaminya. Penelitian ini bertu-juan untuk mengkaji struktur trofik komunitas ikan di Sungai Cisadea. Ikan dikoleksi dengan menggunakan alat tang-kap aktif dan pasif di enam lokasi yang mewakili wilayah bagian hulu, tengah dan hilir selama musim kemarau (Juni-November 2012). Selama pengamatan, sampel yang diperoleh sebanyak 666 individu yang termasuk dalam 48 spesies. Sebanyak 250 individu dianalisis komposisi makanannya dan morfologi saluran pencernaannya untuk mengetahui ke-lompok trofik pada komunitas ikan tersebut. Berdasarkan golongan besar organismenya, komunitas ikan di Sungai Cisadea terdiri atas tiga kelompok, yaitu karnivora, omnivora, dan herbivora dengan kelompok ikan yang mendominasi adalah ikan omnivora dan karnivora. Berdasarkan takson organisme makanannya, komunitas ikan di Sungai Cisadea dibagi menjadi empat kelompok, yaitu insektivora, fitoplanktivora, krustasivora, dan moluskivora. Kelompok takson organisme makanannya ialah fitoplankton, insekta, makrofita, krustase, moluska, ikan, protozoa, dan rotifer. Di wilayah sungai bagian hulu dan tengah makanan utama ikan terdiri atas insekta dan alga, sedangkan di bagian hilir terdiri atas alga, krustase, dan insekta.
Kloning promoter P-actin ikan mas, Cyprinus carpio Lin. 1758 dan analisis fungsionalnya menggunakan gen target protein pendaran hijau (GFP) Andi Aliah Hidayani; Odang Carman; Alimuddin Alimuddin
Jurnal Iktiologi Indonesia Vol 13 No 2 (2013): Desember 2013
Publisher : Masyarakat Iktiologi Indonesia (Indonesian Ichthyological Society)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32491/jii.v13i2.101

Abstract

Promoter in the expression vector plays an important role on regulating of gene expression in transgenic fish. In fish transgenesis, researcher convinced that the use of all-fish expression vector is safety and prospective. The study was performed to isolate P-actin promoter, the promoter which has ubiquitous, constitutive, housekeeping characteristics, of common carp as a first step to construct all-common carp expression vector. Common carp P-actin promoter (ccBA) was isolated using PCR method with FBP1, RBP1, and RBP2 primers. Sequencing was performed using ABI PRISM 3100 machine, and analysis of sequences was conducted using GENETYX version 7 software. The results of sequence analysis showed that the length of DNA fragment obtained was approximately 1.5 kb. Results of homology with P-actin promoter sequence of a gene bank database (Accession No.: M24113) was 97.5%. The evolutionary conserved of transcription factor for P-actin promoter including CCAT, CArG, and TATA boxes were found in the sequence. Ubiquitous and higher expression of green fluorescent protein driven by ccBA promoter in muscle of common carp larvae was detected. It is most likely that the isolated sequence is a common carp P-actin promoter. Abstrak Promoter dalam vektor ekspresi berperan penting dalam mengatur ekspresi gen pada ikan transgenik. Dalam transgenesis ikan, peneliti yakin bahwa penggunaan vektor ekspresi semua ikan aman dan prospektif. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengisolasi promoter P-aktin, promoter yang memiliki karakteristik ubiquitous, constitutive, house keeping, dari ikan mas sebagai langkah awal untuk mengkonstruksi vektor ekspresi semua ikan mas. Promoter P-aktin ikan mas (ccBA) diisolasi menggunakan metode PCR dengan primer FBP1, RBP1, dan RBP2. Sequensing dilakukan dengan menggunakan mesin ABI PRISM 3100, dan analisis sekuen dilakukan dengan menggunakan perangkat lunak GENE-TYX versi 7. Hasil analisis sekuen menunjukkan bahwa panjang fragmen DNA yang diperoleh adalah sekitar 1,5 kb. Hasil homologi dengan sekuen promoter P-aktin dari pangkalan data bank gen (No. Aksesi: M24113) adalah sebesar 97,5%. Faktor transkripsi yang tetap secara evolusioner untuk promoter P-aktin promoter termasuk CCAT, CArG, dan boks TATA ditemukan dalam sekuen. Ubiquitous dan ekspresi tertinggi protein pendaran hijau (GFP) dikendalikan oleh promoter ccBA dalam otot larva ikan mas yang dideteksi. Dengan demikian, kemungkinan besar bahwa sekuen yang terisolasi adalah promoter P-aktin ikan mas.
Performa ikan hias rainbow kurumoi (Melanotaenia parva Allen, 1990) dengan pemberian maggot [Performance of ornamental fish Lake Kurumoi rainbowfish (Melanotaenia parva Allen, 1990) fed using maggot] Yogi Himawan; I Wayan Subamia
Jurnal Iktiologi Indonesia Vol 13 No 2 (2013): Desember 2013
Publisher : Masyarakat Iktiologi Indonesia (Indonesian Ichthyological Society)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32491/jii.v13i2.102

Abstract

Kurumoi rainbowfish (Melanotaenia parva Allen, 1990) is an Indonesian ornamental fish which has quite attractive color. The objective of eksperiment is to determine the performance of rainbow kurumoi fed using maggot. Treatment design used completely randomized design (CRD), in the form of feeding: A (pellet), B (maggot), and C (maggot fish silage). Each treatment was repeated three times. Rainbow Kurumoi that used have an average weight of 9.1±0.1 g and standard length of an average of 3.5±0.02 cm, maintained solids tocking 10 fish per container in containers measuring length x width x height is 50 cm x 40 cm x 30 cm and filled with water as much as ±20 L with a stagnant system for 21 days. Feeding as much as 10% of the biomass was given twice a day. The results showed that the highest growth achieved in treatment C with final weights and average length of raw 15.23±0.5 g and 5.2±1.0 cm. Survival rate of each treatment had similar results which amounted to100%. Water quality parameters during the maintenance period are still in the normal range. Abstrak Ikan hias rainbow kurumoi (Melanotaenia parva Allen, 1990) merupakan spesies asli Indonesia yang memiliki warna cukup menarik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis performa ikan hias rainbow kurumoi yang diberi pa-kan maggot. Perlakuan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL), berupa pemberian pakan: A (pelet), B (maggot), dan C (maggot silase ikan). Tiap perlakuan diulang tiga kali. Ikan rainbow kurumoi dengan bobot rata-rata 9,1±0,1 gram dan panjang baku rata-rata 3,5±0,02 cm, dipelihara dengan padat tebar 10 ekor per wadah dalam wadah berukuran panjang x lebar x tinggi adalah 50 cm x 40 cm x 30 cm dan diisi air sebanyak ± 20 L dengan sistem stagnan selama 21 hari. Pemberian pakan sebanyak 10% dari biomassa dua kali setiap hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pertum-buhan tertinggi dicapai pada perlakuan C dengan bobot akhir dan panjang baku rata-rata 15,23±0,5 gram dan 5,2±1,0 cm. Sintasan tiap perlakuan memiliki hasil yang sama yakni sebesar 100%. Parameter kualitas air selama masa pemeliharaan masih berada pada kisaran normal.
Iktiofauna di perairan hutan tropis dataran rendah, Hutan Harapan Jambi [Ichthyofauna of lowland rainforest waters, Harapan Rainforest, Jambi] Tedjo Sukmono; Dedy Duryadi Solihin; M. F. Rahardjo
Jurnal Iktiologi Indonesia Vol 13 No 2 (2013): Desember 2013
Publisher : Masyarakat Iktiologi Indonesia (Indonesian Ichthyological Society)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32491/jii.v13i2.103

Abstract

Harapan Rainforest Jambi, the first restoration ecosystem area on lowland rainforest in Indonesia, has various types of aquatic ecosystem. Research was conducted in September 2012 to July 2013 aimed to assess the diversity of freshwater fish species that naturally exist in Harapan rainforest. Fish sampling conducted on eight water bodies in the area of Harapan Rainforest base on different habitat typology by using nets, gill nets, scoop net, traditional trap, and fishhook. The results showed the diversity of fish in the Harapan Rainforest consisting of 123 fish species, 25 families, and 52 genera. Cyprinidae has much species (59 species of fish). Based on the category of IUCN Red List conservation status of fish in the Harapan Rainforest are divided into 5 categories: not evaluated 74 species, data deficient 4 species, least concern 41 species, nearly threatened 3 species, and endangered 1species. Abstrak Hutan Harapan Jambi merupakan kawasan restorasi ekosistem pada areal hutan hujan tropis dataran rendah pertama di Indonesia, memiliki berbagai tipe ekosistem perairan. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan September 2012 hingga Juli 2013 bertujuan untuk mengkaji keanekaragaman spesies ikan air tawar alami yang ada di areal tersebut. Pengambilan contoh ikan dilakukan pada delapan badan air di areal Hutan Harapan berdasarkan tipologi habitat menggunakan jala, jaring insang, sudu, serok, seruau, bubu dan pancing. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan keanekaragaman ikan di Hutan Harapan terdiri atas 123 spesies ikan, 25 famili, dan 52 genera. Famili Cyprinidae mempunyai spesies terbanyak (59 spesies). Berdasarkan kategori status konservasi IUCN Red List ikan di Hutan Harapan terbagi atas lima kategori yaitu: belum dievaluasi 74 spesies, informasi kurang 4 spesies, berisiko rendah 41 spesies, hampir terancam 3 spesies, dan genting 1 spesies.
Variasi genetik populasi ikan brek (Barbonymus balleroides Val. 1842) sebagai dampak fragmentasi habitat di Sungai Serayu [Genetic variation of population barb (Barbonymus balleroides Val. 1842) as habitat fragmentation impact in Serayu River] Bahiyah Bahiyah; Dedy Duryadi Solihin; Ridwan Affandi
Jurnal Iktiologi Indonesia Vol 13 No 2 (2013): Desember 2013
Publisher : Masyarakat Iktiologi Indonesia (Indonesian Ichthyological Society)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32491/jii.v13i2.104

Abstract

The alteration of environmental characteristics and population separation caused by long term river barrage may affect morphological and genetic variation. This research aimed to ensure that the barb of this research is Barbonymous balleroides and to analyze genetic variation of barb at various habitats (upstream, reservoir, and downstream zones) in Serayu River, Banjarnegara. This research was conducted through DNA isolation and amplification by PCR and sequencing, along with water quality measurement. Result of phylogenetic tree showed that Barbonymus balleroides separated from its’ outgroup (Puntius orphoides dan Barbonymus gonionotus) as 6.34%. Genetic intraspecies distance of B. balleroides showed two clusters by similarity 2.0%. Barb population in Serayu River was identified as B. balleroides based on 710 bp fragment length of CO1 gene. Mrica reservoir development caused habitat fragmentation in Serayu River and increased genetic variation of barb population. Barb of downstream zone formed separate cluster from barb of reservoir and upstream zones marked basa cytosine (C) to downstream zone compared reservoir and upstream zone. Abstrak Perubahan karakteristik lingkungan dan pemisahan populasi ikan akibat pembendungan sungai dalam jangka waktu yang lama dapat menyebabkan variasi morfologi (morfometrik) dan genetik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memastikan bahwa ikan brek yang dikaji pada penelitian ini adalah spesies Barbonymus balleroides dan mengkaji variasi ge-netik ikan brek pada berbagai habitat (hilir, waduk dan hulu) di Sungai Serayu wilayah Kabupaten Banjarnegara. Pe-nelitian meliputi isolasi dan amplifikasi DNA dengan PCR dan sekuensing, serta pengukuran parameter lingkungan. Hasil penelitian dari pohon filogenetik menunjukkan bahwa spesies ikan brek (Barbonymus balleroides) dan out gro-upnya (Puntius orphoides dan Barbonymus gonionotus) berbeda dengan jarak genetik ‘P’ sebesar 6,34%. Jarak genetik intraspesies B. balleroides memperlihatkan terdapat dua klaster dengan jarak perbedaan 2,0%. Populasi ikan brek yang dianalisis termasuk ke dalam spesies B. balleroides berdasarkan panjang fragmen 710 bp gen CO1. Pembangunan Wa-duk Mrica menyebabkan terjadinya fragmentasi habitat di Sungai Serayu. Hal ini mengakibatkan variasi genetik pada ikan brek. Ikan brek yang mendiami zona bawah waduk membentuk klaster yang terpisah dari ikan brek yang mendiami zona waduk dan atas waduk ditandai adanya basa sitosin (C) pada zona bawah dibandingkan zona lainnya.
Tampilan warna ikan maanvis, Pterophyllum scalare Schultze 1823, yang diberi pakan tepung udang dan tepung wortel [Color performance of angel fish, Pterophyllum scalare Schultze 1823 that fed shrimp meal and carrot meal] Agus Kurnia; Hamsah Hamsah; Wellem H. Muskita
Jurnal Iktiologi Indonesia Vol 13 No 2 (2013): Desember 2013
Publisher : Masyarakat Iktiologi Indonesia (Indonesian Ichthyological Society)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32491/jii.v13i2.105

Abstract

The study was conducted to investigate the effect of shrimp head meal and carrot meal in the diet on the skin coloration of maanvis (Pterophyllum scalare). Measurement of skin coloration was performed after the fish fed four kinds of diet treatment supplied with: 40 g shrimp head meal/100 g diet (Diet A); 40 g carrot meal/100 g diet (Diet B); 20 g shrimp head meal + 20 g carrot meal / 100 g diet (Diet C) and one diet without add pigment source as a control diet. The fish fed three times a day for 40 days rearing. Measurement of skin coloration of fish was done in two times (seventh day and thirty fifth day of rearing) by using score sheet. In the seventh day of experiment, the skin color of maanvis in all of groups showed dominantly of silver color (45-92%) followed by yellow color (3-9%). Black color of the fish in A and D groups were 5% and 8%, while the fish in B and C group were 48% and 37%. In the end of experiment, the skin color of fish fed diet contained pigment (diet A, diet B, and diet C) showed increasingly in black color (39-61%) and yellow color (12-19%), while silver color of the fish fed diet contained pigment were decreasing between 20-45%. In con-clusion, the shrimp head meal and carrot meal supplemented in the diet could improve the skin color of maanvis. Abstrak Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengkaji pengaruh tepung kepala udang dan tepung wortel sebagai sumber pewarna alami dalam pakan buatan terhadap warna ikan maanvis (Pterophyllum scalare). Penilaian persentase setiap jenis warna dan tingkat kecerahan warna ikan maanvis dilakukan setelah ikan uji diberi pakan yang mengandung tepung kepala udang dan tepung wortel dengan komposisi masing-masing perlakuan A (40 g tepung kepala udang per 100 g pakan), perlakuan B (40 g tepung wortel per 100 g pakan), perlakuan C (campuran 20 g tepung kepala udang dan 20 g tepung wortel per 100 g pakan), perlakuan D(kontrol) diberi pakan komersial dengan merek Takari selama 35 hari. Penilaian warna ikan maanvis dilakukan sebanyak dua kali yaitu penilaian awal (setelah 7 hari masa adaptasi pakan) dan penilaian akhir setelah 35 hari masa pemeliharaan. Penilaian warna ikan maanvis dilakukan dengan menggunakan Score Sheet yaitu suatu metode pengujian organoleptik berdasarkan warna dengan melibatkan panelis. Hasil penilaian menunjukkan bahwa persentase warna ikan maanvis pada awal penelitian pada semua perlakuan relatif didominasi oleh warna silver (berkisar 45-92%), warna kuning berkisar 3-9%, warna hitam pada perlakuan A dan D masing-masing 8% dan 5%, se-mentara warna hitam pada perlakuan B dan C masing-masing 48% dan 37%. Pada akhir penelitian, warna hitam dan kuning pada ikan maanvis yang diberi pakan perlakuan persentasenya meningkat masing-masing berkisar 39-61% dan 12-19% sedangkan warna silver persentasenya turun menjadi 20-45%. Hasil ini menyimpulkan bahwa pemberian kom-binasi tepung kepala udang dan tepung wortel dapat meningkatkan performa warna kulit ikan maanvis.
Revitalisasi pengelolaan budi daya perikanan karamba di Sungai Riam Kanan [Revitalization of fish cage aquaculture management in Riam Kanan Stream] Mijani Rahman
Jurnal Iktiologi Indonesia Vol 13 No 2 (2013): Desember 2013
Publisher : Masyarakat Iktiologi Indonesia (Indonesian Ichthyological Society)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32491/jii.v13i2.106

Abstract

Fish farming systems and floating net (KJA) at Riam Kanan Stream in South Kalimantan Province has cultivated by public since the 1980s. The main problem of fish cage aquaculture in the Riam Kanan Stream is the high cost production and high mortality. Late in 2012 there was a massive fish dying in floating nets. Conditions of hypoxia and hyper ammonification is a major cause of fish dying as a result that accumulation of uneaten artificial feed and fish feces that fused to the bottom waters. Feeding arrangement and space allocation for the number of fish cage placement is the right solution for the management of sustainable fish cage aquaculture. The addition of the frequency and length of feeding time will increase the effectiveness of the artificial feed used so that to reduce the load of organic waste. The number of units that can be operated at 100 m of stream length based of Riam Kanan Stream carrying capacity as 63-64 units. Abstrak Usaha budi daya ikan sistem karamba dan karamba jaring apung (KJA) di Sungai Riam Kanan Provinsi Kalimantan Se-latan telah diusahakan masyarakat sejak tahun 1980an. Permasalahan utama yang dihadapi pembudidaya ikan karamba adalah biaya produksi dan mortalitas ikan peliharaan yang tinggi. Akhir tahun 2012 terjadi kematian massal ikan budi daya dalam karamba/KJA. Kondisi hipoksia dan hiperamonifikasi merupakan penyebab utama kematian massal ikan sebagai akibat akumulasi pakan buatan yang tidak termakan oleh ikan mengendap di dasar perairan menyatu dengan kotoran ikan. Pengaturan pemberian pakan dan alokasi jumlah dan ruang untuk penempatan karamba merupakan solusi yang tepat untuk pengelolaan budi daya perikanan karamba berkelanjutan. Penambahan frekuensi dan lama waktu pemberian pakan akan meningkatkan efektifitas pemanfaatan pakan buatan sehingga dapat mengurangi beban limbah organik. Jumlah unit karamba yang dapat diusahakan pada panjang sungai 100 m sesuai dengan daya dukung perairan Sungai Riam Kanan yang ditetapkan dari kapasitas daya dukung sebanyak 63-64 unit.
Beberapa aspek biologi reproduksi ikan siro (Sardinella longiceps Val.) di Perairan Teluk Kendari, Sulawesi Tenggara [Reproductive biology aspects of indian oil sardine in Kendari Bay, Southeast Sulawesi] Asriyana Asriyana; La Sara
Jurnal Iktiologi Indonesia Vol 13 No 1 (2013): Juni 2013
Publisher : Masyarakat Iktiologi Indonesia (Indonesian Ichthyological Society)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32491/jii.v13i1.107

Abstract

The research on reproductive biology of Indian oil sardine was carried out from October to December 2012 in Kendari Bay, Southeast Sulawesi. The objective of this research was to describe aspects of the reproductive biology of Indian oil sardine such as sex ratio, gonadal maturation, gonadosomatic index, fecundity, and length at first maturity (Lm50). Fish collection was done using experimental gillnets (with different mesh sizes of %, 1, 1%, and 1% inches). The gonadal maturation of fish was determined morphologically by comparing the shape, size, color, and gonad weight. A total of 1794 individual fish were caught with ranging 88-216 mm in length and 5.7- 30.4g in weight. The sex ratio of female was more dominant than the male. The gonadosomatic index of male and female were higher at Zone III (4.32±4.33 and 5.03±5.04) and in December (4.11±1,32 and 5.14±1.6), while length at first maturity (Lm50) of female and male were 122-132 mm. Fecundity of fish in weight of 9.8-30.4 g were varied from 501 to 17,446. Abstrak Penelitian biologi reproduksi ikan siro (Sardinella longiceps Val.) di perairan Teluk Kendari dilakukan dari Oktober sampai Desember 2012. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis beberapa aspek biologi reproduksi ikan siro, me-liputi nisbah kelamin, kematangan gonad, indeks kematangan gonad, fekunditas, dan ukuran pertama kali matang gonad. Koleksi ikan dilakukan dengan jaring insang eksperimental (ukuran mata jaring berbeda %, 1, 1 %, 1 %, dan 2 inci). Kematangan gonad ikan diamati secara morfologi dengan melihat bentuk, ukuran, warna, and bobot gonad. Se-lama penelitian diperoleh 1.794 ekor ikan siro dengan kisaran panjang dan bobot masing-masing 88-216 mm dan 5,730,4 g. Ikan siro betina lebih dominan daripada ikan jantan. Rata-rata indeks kematang-an gonad ikan jantan dan betina terbesar ditemukan pada Zona III (4,32±4,33 dan 5,03±5,04) dan pada bulan Desember (4,11±1,32 dan 5,14±1,6). Ikan pertama kali matang gonad ditemukan pada ukuran 122-132 mm. Fekunditas ikan betina matang gonad dengan bobot tubuh 9,8-30,4 g berkisar 501-17.446 butir.
Efektivitas strain ikan nila srikandi (Oreochromis niloticus) dalam perbenihan skala massal [The effectiveness of nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Srikandi strain for mass seed production] Lies Emmawati Hadie; R. R. Sri Pudji Sinarni Dewi; Wartono Hadie
Jurnal Iktiologi Indonesia Vol 13 No 1 (2013): Juni 2013
Publisher : Masyarakat Iktiologi Indonesia (Indonesian Ichthyological Society)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32491/jii.v13i1.108

Abstract

Srikandi nile tilapia is a superior strain of fish that has been release by the Ministry of Marine and Fisheries in 2012. The fish has a competitive advantage because it has the best growth performance in the 10-30 ppt salinity compared to other strains of tilapia fish. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of fish in germination of nile tilapia srikandi mass scale. Research was conducted at the fish breeding center of Pangkah, Jati Kidul hamlet, Tegal regency. Broodstocks spawning was carried out in permanent ponds measuring 300 m2 and fish larvae were rearing in semipermanent ponds measuring 28 m2. Spawning design implemented with the ratio 1:2 for male and female. Larval rearing cycle lasts for 45 days. The research was conducted in eight cycles. nile tilapia GIFT were collected and used as a standard in the mass production of seed. The result showed that the broodstock of Nile tilapia srikandi has the high effectiveness. Indications of genetic characters of nile tilapia srikandi namely Ne was reach 160, NEF of 159.52 and inbreeding level in the same generation was 0.003%. Abstrak Ikan nila srikandi merupakan jenis strain ikan unggul yang telah dirilis oleh Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan pada tahun 2012. Ikan tersebut memiliki keunggulan kompetitif karena memiliki performa pertumbuhan terbaik pada salini-tas 10-30 ppt dibandingkan strain ikan nila lainnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan efektivitas ikan nila srikandi dalam perbenihan skala massal. Penelitian dilakukan di Balai Benih Ikan Pangkah, Dukuh Jati Kidul, Kabupaten Tegal. Pemijahan induk dilakukan pada kolam permanen berukuran 300 m2 dan pemeliharaan larva ikan nila srikandi dilakukan di kolam semi permanen berukuran 28 m2. Desain pemijahan dilaksanakan dengan rasio 1:2 untuk induk jantan dan betina. Siklus pemeliharaan larva berlangsung selama 45 hari. Penelitian dilakukan dalam delapan siklus. Koleksi ikan nila GIFT digunakan sebagai pembanding dalam produksi benih secara massal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa induk nila srikandi memperlihatkan efektivitas yang tinggi. Indikasi karakter genetik induk nila srikandi yaitu Ne mencapai 160, NeF sebesar 159,52 dan tingkat perkawinan sekerabat dalam satu generasi sebesar 0,003 %.
Penggunaan DDGS (Distillers Dried Grain with Solubles) jagung sebagai sumber protein nabati pakan benih ikan gurame Osphronemus goramy Lac. Muhamad Agus Suprayudi; Upmal Deswira; Mia Setiawati
Jurnal Iktiologi Indonesia Vol 13 No 1 (2013): Juni 2013
Publisher : Masyarakat Iktiologi Indonesia (Indonesian Ichthyological Society)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32491/jii.v13i1.109

Abstract

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the utilization of corn distillers dried grain with soluble (DDGS) as plant raw material for giant gourami Osphronemus goramy diet. The digestibility of protein and dry matter was observed in the first experiment by using indirect methods and Cr2O3 was used as a tracer. A forty days feeding experiment was performed on the second stage of experiment to observe the effect of DDGS levels on the growth and feeding performance of giant gourami. The juvenile giant gourami were used in the experiment with initial weight around 4.7±0.78 g and reared in aquarium (35 x 40 x 50 cm3) and filled with 50 L treated water at a density of 0.2 fish L"1. Four experimental diets was formulated with contain similar protein (40%) and energy 500 kcal GE 100 g-1, but differ in the levels of DDGS that were 0, 10%, 20%, and 30% (Diet A, B, C and D). Fish were fed three times daily at the satiation levels. A completely randomized experimental design consisted of four treatments and three replicates were used. The result showed that DDGS digestibility value of protein and total was 85.35% and 70.10% respectively. Increasing DDGS levels in the diet could not effect significantly on survival rate, daily growth rate and feed consumption (P>0.05). Feed efficiency and protein retention on fish fed with DDGS content of up to 20% were not different compared with the control diet (0%); whereas, feeding with diet D (DDGS 30%) were reduced feed efficiency and protein retention. In conclusion, the diet containing DDGS at the level of 20% (diet C) was support the best growth performance of juvenile gouramy. Abstrak Dua macam penelitian dilakukan untuk mengkaji pengaruh penggunaan distillers dried grain with solubles (DDGS) sebagai sumber protein nabati terhadap pertumbuhan benih ikan gurame Osphronemus goramy Lac. Penelitian ini terdiri atas penelitian kecernaan dan kinerja pertumbuhan. Pada pengukuran kecernaan digunakan motede tidak langsung dengan menggunakan kromium trioksida (Cr2O3) sebagai indikator. Pada penelitian kinerja pertumbuhan digunakan empat macam pakan dengan isoprotein (40%) dan isoenergi (500 kcal GE 100 g-1) dengan kadar DDGS yang berbeda. Pakan A (pakan kontrol, DDGS 0%) sedangkan pakan B, C dan D mengandung DDGS masing-masing sebesar 10, 20 dan 30%. Juwana ikan gurame dengan bobot rata-rata 4,7±0,78 g dipelihara selama 40 hari dalam akuarium berukuran 35 x 40 x 50 cm3 dengan kepadatan 0,2 ekor per liter. Ikan diberi pakan sampai kenyang dengan frekuensi tiga kali se-hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ikan gurame mampu mencerna protein DDGS sebesar 85,35% dan 70,10% untuk total bahan. Peningkatan DDGS dalam pakan tidak memberikan pengaruh yang nyata terhadap konsumsi pakan, laju pertumbuhan harian dan kelangsungan hidup benih ikan gurame (p>0,05). Ikan yang diberi pakan dengan kandungan DDGS hingga 20% memiliki nilai efisiensi pakan dan retensi protein yang tidak berbeda dibandingkan dengan pakan kontrol; sedangkan pemberian DDGS sebesar 30% dalam pakan menurunkan nilai tersebut. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa pakan C dengan kadar DDGS 20% dalam pakan memberikan hasil yang terbaik terhadap kinerja pertumbuhan benih ikan gurame.

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