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INDONESIA
Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink)
Published by Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi
ISSN : 02169541     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science,
Energy
Enerlink adalah jurnal yang diterbitkan 2 kali setahun oleh Pusat Teknologi Pengembangan Sumberdaya Energi dan Industri Kimia BPPT di bidang energi dan lingkungan. Enerlink is a scientific journal that publishes twice annually by Centre of Energy Technology and Chemical Industry of BPPT.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 322 Documents
 28   29   30   31   32 
MOLECULAR COMPOSITION OF COAL LIQUID OIL CHARACTERIZED BY GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY WITH ATOMIC EMMISION DETECTOR Yusnitati Yusnitati; Sri Djangkung Sumbogo Murti
Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink) Vol. 6 No. 1 (2010)
Publisher : Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29122/elk.v6i1.1566

Abstract

Heteroatom-containing species in the coal liquid oils (CLO) were identified andquantified by the aid of gas chromatography with atomic emission detector (GCAED).Four different CLOs from different rank coals, processes and cut pointswere investigated in the present study. Thiophene and its derivatives werefound to be the major sulfur compounds, pyridines and anilines, and phenolswere the major nitrogen and oxygen compounds, respectively in the oils ofboiling range < 300 ℃. An oil of boiling range (300 – 420℃) carried moredimethyldibenzothiophenes and benzoquinolines. The correlation between feedcoal and liquid product was discussed in terms of the compositions ofheteroatomic compounds.Kata kunci: coal liquid oil, heteroatomic compounds, GC-AED
POTENSI PENGHEMATAN ENERGI LISTRIK DI INDUSTRI KARPET Achmad Hasan
Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink) Vol. 5 No. 2 (2009)
Publisher : Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29122/elk.v5i2.1567

Abstract

Potential energy savings is one way to plan for optimizing the supply and use ofenergy needed by the industry. Portrait of the use of electrical energy used incarpet industry supplied from PT.PLN (Persero) with the power contract for 1730kVA through 2 pieces of the transformer with electrical energy consumption by anaverage of 19,979,941 kWh per year. Supplies of gas / diesel fuel oil for boilerfeed of 1.4537 million m3 per year with a calorific value of 6 tons / hour and 900liters of diesel oil per year. Working voltage is still in the allowed range, while forthe voltage unbalance is still low at under 2.5% and total harmonic distortionvoltage is still low at 2% and this can be expressed less well and there are lowpower factor at some expense. In case: PT.Classic Prima Carpet Industries.Kata kunci: energi, listrik, penghematan, filter harmonik, konversi, konservasi
PENCAIRAN BATUBARA LIGNIT DAN SUBBITUMINOUS DENGAN DUA SISTEM REAKTAN BERBEDA TANPA KATALIS DAN PELARUT Yuli Artanto; Hartiniati Hartiniati
Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink) Vol. 5 No. 2 (2009)
Publisher : Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29122/elk.v5i2.1568

Abstract

This study of coal liquefaction in the absence of catalyst and solvent wasconducted. In this research a comparison of two different coals was carried out tosee characteristic of each coal on the liquefaction reaction. The effect ofhydrogen and CO/H2O were also checked to understand the mechanism of theprocess. Lignite or brown coal from Tanjung Enim and sub bituminous coal fromEast Kalimantan are used in this study. The results suggest that increase in coalrank from lignite to sub bituminous did not alter the conversion significantly.Surprisingly, the reduction in conversion of sub bituminous coal by its inorganicand mineral content noted for hydrogenation reactions (with added tetralin) is notobserved in CO/H2O reactions. For lignite, there is a tendency for conversion toincrease.Kata kunci: lignit, sub bituminous coal, non solvent hydrogenation
OPTIMASI CO-PROCESSING DENGAN PENGATURAN RASIO PELARUT DAN BATUBARA: Studi Batubara Banko Selatan Lambok Hilarius Silalahi
Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink) Vol. 5 No. 2 (2009)
Publisher : Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29122/elk.v5i2.1569

Abstract

A liquefaction process of heavy residue and South Banko coal so-called coprocessingin order to optimize the optimum weight ratio vacuum residue (VR) tocoal is studied. Vacuum residue is co-processed with and without coal incatalyzed reaction (-FeOOH catalyst added with sulfur) at 450oC and 8MPa(initial cold-H2 pressure) for 1 hour. All the co-processing reactions are carriedout in 5 liter stirred-batch autoclave. It is found that the co-processing produceshigher distillates and lower residue compared with using creosote oil. Upgradingof vacuum residue without coal has shown that the reactivity of vacuum residueto stimulate the distillate production. It was confirmed that there is a synergisticeffect between heavy vacuum residue and South Banko coal. It may come fromfree radical of coal fragments that possibly weak or cracking the macro-molecularstructure of heavy vacuum oil. A set of heavy vacuum residue to South Bankocoal weight-ratio is tested at 2.0, 2.5 and 3.0 for determining the effect of ratio onyield structure of the process. The distillate yield for ratio of 2.0 is higher thanother ratios. On the contrary the amount of residue produced is decreased. Thereis no significant changed on the hydrocarbon gases (C1-C4) yield when the ratiois increased from 2.0 to 2.5. A slightly decreased of C1-C4 Perolehan is observedwhen the ratio was increased to 3.0. The effect of changing ratio is not found onthe (CO+CO2) gas yield due to very small amount of oxygen content in thevacuum residue.Kata kunci: heavy vacuum residue, co-processing, south banko coal
EFEK GAYA ANTAR PARTIKEL DAN DIAMETER PARTIKEL TERHADAP KECEPATAN MINIMUM FLUIDISASI Irhan Febijanto
Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink) Vol. 5 No. 2 (2009)
Publisher : Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29122/elk.v5i2.1570

Abstract

In this study, the effect of diameter particle and the effect of inter-particlecohesion force due to liquid bridge formation on the minimum fluidization velocityin the fluidized bed have investigated. Also the effect of inter-particle cohesionforce on a fluidization condition of the bed has observed by video camera. Theinvestigation results showed bigger diameter can give higher minimumfluidization velocity, and stronger inter-particle force can give higher minimumfluidization velocity, and then make a quality of fluidization of bed lower. Usingwith this investigation results, the mechanism of fouling and slaggingphenomena, which are happen in the coal-fired boiler can be explained.Kata kunci: fluidized bed, minimum fluidization velocity, particle diameter,relative humidity, inter-particle cohesion force
EFEK INJEKSI UDARA dan STEAM TERHADAP KUALITAS SYNGAS HASIL GASIFIKASI SEKAM PADI MENGGUNAKAN FIXED–BED GASIFIER Imron Masfuri; Bambang Suwondo Rahardjo
Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink) Vol. 5 No. 2 (2009)
Publisher : Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29122/elk.v5i2.1571

Abstract

Biomass gasification is more benefit compared to direct combustion because ofmore flexibility gas product that can be directed use as combusted gas in gasengine power generation or chemical feedstocks as well as synthetic fuelbelongs to added market value. Since 2007, PT National Champignon (PTNatcham) in Wonosobo – Central Java have been operating 1 (one) unit of fixed–bed updraft gasifier by rice–husk fuel feeding using air as gasification agent forit’s mushroom plant electricity needs through gas engine 400 kW. Fluctuation ofgasifictaion temperature in each of gasifier zones is affected by injectionpressures of air+steam, as well as opening valves of air and steam. The optimumsteam injection can only be carried–out at opening valve of steam 50% and airof 7/19 (volumetric ratio of steam/air = 0.6–0.7) with bottom temperatur ofgasifier, Tbottom = 650oC at pressure condition of 4,5 bar. Syngas with H2/COratio of 1,26– 1,71 have sufficient met the requirements of syngas quality forsynthesis process of Fischer–Tropsch to be processed futhermore for syntheticfuel producing.Kata kunci: sekam padi, gasifikasi, gas sintetis, Gas–To–Liquid, Fischer–Tropsch
COAL UPGRADING TECHNOLOGY FOR INDONESIAN LIGNITE Lambok Hilarius Silalahi; Tetsuya Deguchi; Eiichiro Makino
Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink) Vol. 5 No. 2 (2009)
Publisher : Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29122/elk.v5i2.1572

Abstract

Langkah strategis untuk promosi aplikasi teknologi upgrading lignit diIndonesia telah menjadi bahasan. Tulisan ini memberian pemikiran danpertimbangan cara-acra proosi teknologi yang sedang dalam proseskomersialisasi. Perubahan secara drastic suplai dan demand energi diselruhdunia telah mendorong Indonesia untuk mengkaji kebijakan berjalan untumengantisipasi perubahan di tahun-tahun mendatang. Salahs atu perubaanyang mendasar adalah meningkatnya demand batubara, selama batubaramasih dinilai sebagai bahanbakar yang paling ekonomis dibandingkan sumberenergy lainya, meskipun harga batubara masih cukup tinggi mengikuti hargabahan bakar minyak. Oleh karena batubara merupakan potensi terbesar didalam negeri, perubahan yang sangat mendasar kebijakan energi, khususnyamenyangkut pendayagunaan batubara peringkat rendah menjadi sangatpenting mengingat hampir 70% dari total cadangan batubara sebesar 57,8miliar ton merupaan batubara peringkat rendah. Indonesia telah menaikkanvolume ekspor batubara per tahun meskipun terjadi krisis ekonomi baru-baruini. Kebutuhan domestik batubara masih bersifat flat disebabkan krisis ekonomi.Diprediksi demand akan meningkat karena subsid bahan bakar minya secarabertahap akan dihapuskan dan batubara merupakan energy alternative.Mengingat situasi tersebut usaha promosi teknologi upgrading batubara sudahseharusnya dipercepat. Untuk itu diperlukan seleksi teknologi yang berpegangefektifitas biaya, ramah lingkungan dan menghasilkan produk batubara dengannilai kalor tinggi dan tidak mudah terbakar. Hasil pengoperasian pilot plant 5ton per hari yang terdapat di Palimanan,Cirebon, Jawa Barat yang merupakanproyek kerjasama Indonesia dengan Jepang, untuk konfirmasi kinerja enjiniringpada proses yang kontinyu juga menjadi topik bahasan dalam tulisan ini.Keywords: coal upgrading technology, upgrading brown coal, pilot plant, lowrank coal, Cirebon
ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECT ON THE IMPLEMENTION OF COAL LIQUEFACTION PROJECT IN INDONESIA Lambok Hilarius Silalahi; Muksin Saleh; Masaaki Tamura
Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink) Vol. 5 No. 1 (2009)
Publisher : Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29122/elk.v5i1.1573

Abstract

Proyek pencairan batubara dinilai mempunyai kontribusi yang besar bagi suplai energydi masa mendatang khususnya untuk suplai bahan bakar otomotif domestic. Sebelumdilakukan implementasi pabrik skala DEMO perlu diinvestigasi dampak pabrikpencairan batubara khususnya kualitas limbah cair dan sifat racun dari limbahpadat.Tulisan ini menguraikan regulasi atau peraturan lingkungan dan standardambang batas cemaran terkait dengan prediksi limbaha yang dibebaskan dari pabrikdan teknik manajemen limbah.SIstem perlakuan atau penanganan limbah cair yangdipakai di pabrik pencairan batubara secara ringkar dibahas. Lebih jauh polusi lainnyaseperti odor/bau, partikel, ludge, kebisingan dan emsi gas juga didiskusikan.Keywords: pencairan batubara, pabrik pencairan batubara, kualitas limbah cair,standard lingkungan, polusi, odor, regulasi, sludge, kebisingan, emisi gas
AUDIT ENERGI SISTEM KELISTRIKAN DI INDUSTRI BENANG Achmad Hasan
Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink) Vol. 5 No. 1 (2009)
Publisher : Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29122/elk.v5i1.1574

Abstract

Energy audit is one way to plan for optimizing the supply and use of energyneeded by the industry. Portrait of the use of electrical energy used in Industrysupplied from PT.PLN (Persero) with the power contract for 23000 kVA and POJPower Jatiluhur with installed capacity of 5800 kVA. Especially for electric energysupplied from POJ Power, status of electricity continues to be a contract with themanager of POJ Power Jatiluhur. Based on the results of measurement of powerquality with PQA Hioki 3197 is as described in the previous section, it can beseen that: (a) Load unbalances seen from the voltage and current, (b) Fluctuatingvoltage magnitude at phase R, S and T. Even the voltage at Mill #2 reaches 238V, (c) The power factor is quite good and it ranged from 0.90 to 0.93, (d) TotalHarmonic Distortion (THD) voltage at Mill #2 lower the tolerance limit of 5%,while at Mill #3 exceeds the limit of tolerance (5.8%), (e) Voltage unbalance onMill #2 and Mill #3 below the limit of tolerance (2.5%).Kata kunci: audit, energi, listrik, faktor daya, penghematan, filter harmonik
REAKTIFITAS BERBAGAI JENIS PELARUT DARI RESIDU KILANG MINYAK PLAJU PADA PENCAIRAN BATUBARA BANKO TENGAH Hartiniati Hartiniati
Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink) Vol. 5 No. 1 (2009)
Publisher : Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29122/elk.v5i1.1575

Abstract

An effect of two different residue for liquefaction of Central Banko coal isdisccused. The residue was obtained from side-stream of refinery plant, whichso-called long residue and short residue solvents. The liquefaction test wascarried out under the reference conditions that have been developed in BPPTcoal liquefaction laboratory, at temperature of 450oC and initial H2 pressure of12MPa for 1 hour. The result shows that the distillate yield, Bottom (BTM) yield,and hydrogen consumption were dependent on the nature of solvent. Shortresidue solvent shown higher reactivity than the long residue. Reaction betweenCentral Banko and Short Residue gave distillate yield higher than the longresidue. Moreover, its BTM yield was also lower than that of long residue solvent.This result confirmed the lower hydrogen consumption for reaction short residueand Central Banko coal compared to that for reaction long residue and CentralBanko. In this study, it also confirmed that the yield of H2O and CO+CO2 weredependent on the material input condition. However, the yield of hydrocarbongases (C1~C4) was mainly affected by de-alkylation in the solvent and coal duringthe reactionKata kunci: residu minyak bumi, proses pencairan batubara, central Banko

Page 30 of 33 | Total Record : 322

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