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TSAQAFAH
Published by Universitas Darussalam Gontor
ISSN : 14110334     EISSN : 24600008     DOI : -
Core Subject : Economy, Education, Social,
Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences
TSAQAFAH (pISSN: 1411-0334 | eISSN: 2460-0008) is journal of Islamic civilization published by University of Darussalam Gontor. It is semiannual journal published in May and November for the developing the scientific ethos. Editors accept scientific articles and result of research in accordance with its nature as a journal of Islamic Civilization, such as: Islamic Philosophy, Islam and Contemporary Issues, Religious Studies, Islamic Science, Islamic Economics, Islamic education, Qur’anic Studies, Islamic Law, and Islamic Ethics
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 12 No. 2 (2016): Qur'anic Studies" : 10 Documents clear
Al-Baqillani’s Critique to Rafidite Syi’ites’ on the Seven Variant Reading of The Qur’an Much Hasan Darojat; Mohd. Fauzi Hamat; Wan Adli Wan Ramli
TSAQAFAH Vol. 12 No. 2 (2016): Qur'anic Studies
Publisher : Universitas Darussalam Gontor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/tsaqafah.v12i2.755

Abstract

This article aims to delineate al-Baqillani’s response to the Rafidite Syi’ites’ claim on the invalidity of the variant readings of the Qur’an. As an Asy‘arite, al-Baqillani was able to disprove their claims dealing with the status of the variant readings of the Qur’an in the history of Islamic civilization. His arguments are also relevant to reject orientalists’s notion who are in line with those Syi’ites on the related topic. This issue has close relationship with the process of the compilation of the Qur’an and the validity of the Muṣḥaf of Utsman, since the Syi’ites rejected it and promoting their own version as claimed by their authoritative figures. The authors conclude that al-Baqillani’s defence on the matter provides number of evidence that the existing of the Qur’an is the one which was collected by Utsman ibn Affan. Al-Baqillani was also able to disprove the views that the variant readings of the Qur’an are merely ijtihâd and metaphorical statements. He clarified that the variant readings are valid and has been practiced by a number of companions and approved by the Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him. His views on this issue were also supported by other scholars like al-Qurtubi and al-Zarqani. In this research, the approach that has been applied is textual analysis, using descriptive and analytical methods to investigate and analyze primary sources related to the pertinent topic. It also adopts the historical method to scrutinize several events on the subject within the context of the history of Islam.
Al-Qur’an dan Lahirnya Sains Teistik Mohammad Muslih
TSAQAFAH Vol. 12 No. 2 (2016): Qur'anic Studies
Publisher : Universitas Darussalam Gontor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/tsaqafah.v12i2.756

Abstract

The discourse of integration of religion and science could enrich research of al-Qur’an study. As a principal source of Islam, al-Qur’an also becomes object research of the philosophy of science study, especially related to the development of science-based on religion. Within the framework of the philosophy of science, this article presents a study on the possibility to develop science-based on alQur’an, which is called “theistic science”. Although the efforts to find root of science on al-Qur’an develop so far, or to interpret al-Qur’an by utilizing the result of science research, in the framework of the philosophy of science, but it is not surely called a “science theistic”, even so perhaps it is not science, but it may be merely indeed not scientific. There is a pattern of development of science which is based on religion, but it is really scientific, which consists of three layers of philosophical basis, they are theoretical framework, scientific paradigm, and theological basis. By following this pattern carefully, the development of science not only can avoid the pattern of pseudoscience, but it will create science with high scientific value, but it is still within the framework of al-Qur’an. It is organized based on the embryonal concept from al-Qur’an. However, this pattern is a collective project, systemic, and cultural in the form of a grand project.
Kajian al-Qur’an dalam Tradisi Pesantren: Telaah atas Tafsir al-Iklîl fî Ma’ânî al-Tanzîl Supriyanto Supriyanto
TSAQAFAH Vol. 12 No. 2 (2016): Qur'anic Studies
Publisher : Universitas Darussalam Gontor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/tsaqafah.v12i2.757

Abstract

This paper aims to study the writing of the interpretation of the Qur’an around Islamic boarding school. The main topic of discussion is about the book written by a Moslem scholar from Pesantren al-Balagh, Bangilan, which is titled by Tafsîr al-Iklîl fî Ma’âni al-Tanzîl. It’s written by KH. Misbah Mustafa. This study proves that the tradition developed at Islamic boarding schools has significant influence in writing interpretation of the Qur’an. The book showed us the relation between Islamic traditions and the interpretation of the Qur’an. There are some values of Islamic boarding school tradition mentioned in this book like the use of script Java-Arab (Pegon) as the identity of the interpretation, language stratification in the interpretation, contextual interpretation based on the Islamic boarding school tradition, and many stories found as the media of the interpretation. In general, through his book, KH. Misbah Mustafa had contributed giving new variation of interpretation between Moslem scholars in Islamic boarding school, whether they were living in the same time or as succeeding generations. Through this work, we could see that the Moslem scholar who is living in Islamic boarding schools also has high level of academic wealth in the tradition of interpretation of the Qur’an. Therefore, KH. Misbah Mustafa has shown us that a Moslem scholar also has the ability to write a comprehensive interpretation book. Thus, this work should be equated with the works of interpretation of the Qur’an that had been written by other Moslem scholars of Nusantara.
Metodologi Tafsir Nasr Hamid Abu Zaid dan Dampaknya terhadap Pemikiran Islam Lalu Heri Afrizal
TSAQAFAH Vol. 12 No. 2 (2016): Qur'anic Studies
Publisher : Universitas Darussalam Gontor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/tsaqafah.v12i2.758

Abstract

Liberalisasi pemikiran Islam yang diklaim sebagai “pembaruan pemikiran Islam” tidak terlepas dari paham relativisme kebenaran, yaitu paham yang menyatakan bahwa tidak ada sebuah nilai yang memiliki kelebihan atas nilai-nilai yang lain, termasuk agama. Jika dikaitkan dengan penafsiran kitab suci, maka paham ini akan merelatifkan seluruh penafsiran. Tidak ada penafsiran yang lebih tinggi dari penafsiran lain, semuanya relatif tergantung masing-masing penafsir, sesuai latar belakang sosial, budaya, pendidikan, dan kecenderungan mereka. Salah satu tokoh yang gigih membela relativitas tafsir adalah Nasr Hamid Abu Zaid, dengan pemikiran dekonstruktifnya terhadap konsep wahyu dan metodologi barunya dalam menafsirkan al-Qur’an. Nasr Hamid mencoba membongkar keyakinan umat Islam yang selama ini telah mapan. Ia berusaha menghilangkan sakralitas al-Qur’an dengan menganggapnya sebagai produk budaya. Menurutnya, al-Qur’an hanyalah respons spontan terhadap kondisi masyarakat ketika ia turun sehingga sifatnya kontekstual. Oleh karenanya, penafsirannya pun harus melalui pendekatan konteks, bahkan tanpa perlu memedulikan teks, karena pemahamannya selalu berubah dan berkembang dari masa ke masa sesuai dinamika zaman. Penafsirannya pun diserahkan kepada siapa saja dengan latar belakang apa saja, serta sesuai kecenderungan dan kebutuhan zamannya. Akhirnya, penafsiran terhadap teks-teks keagamaan menjadi relatif seluruhnya, tergantung siapa yang menafsirkan. Akibatnya, tafsir-tafsir ulama, hukum-hukum syariat, konsep-konsep nilai, bahkan bangunan keilmuan Islam dapat didekonstruksi seluruhnya, karena semua itu relatif dan bisa berubah. Artikel ini mencoba mengklafirikasi sejauh mana tafsir itu relatif dan apa saja dampak negatif paham relativitas penafsiran Nasr Hamid terhadap pemikiran Islam.
Tekstualisasi al-Qur’an: Antara Kenyataan dan Kesalahpahaman Syamsuddin Arif
TSAQAFAH Vol. 12 No. 2 (2016): Qur'anic Studies
Publisher : Universitas Darussalam Gontor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/tsaqafah.v12i2.759

Abstract

In recent decades al-Qur’an has been the subject of increasing interest among scholars in the Muslim world as well as in the West. One of the most important issues that most researchers are dealing with pertains to its textualization –that is, how al-Qur’an was transformed from oral tradition into the written text as we have it today; how the Revelation was received and recorded, circulated and passed down from generation to generation, in both the ancient way of memorization and through the methods of reading and writing, as rigorously and accurately as it should be. Although initially the contents of al-Qur’an were widely distributed in the memories of men (i.e. the Prophet and his Companions), they were also written down piecemeal on various materials. The compilation and codification of the al-Qur’an was accomplished under the authority of Caliph Abu Bakr, and the standard codex (al-muṣḥâf al-imâm) was produced during the Caliphate of Utsman in order to bring consensus among the Muslim community both with regard to recitation and orthography (al-Rasm al-‘Utsmâniy). Given its paramount importance in Islam, the history of Qur’anic text will remain of perennial interest to both Muslim and non-Muslim researchers as it could be manipulated, distorted or exploited by those pursuing their own goals for polemical or political reasons. The present article addresses such concerns with a view to separating the wheat from the chaff in the textual history of al-Qur’an.
Kritik atas Penafsiran Abdul Moqsith Ghazali tentang Keselamatan Non-Muslim Asep Setiawan
TSAQAFAH Vol. 12 No. 2 (2016): Qur'anic Studies
Publisher : Universitas Darussalam Gontor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/tsaqafah.v12i2.760

Abstract

This article discusses the interpretation of Abdul Moqsith Ghazali to al Baqarah [2]: 62 and al-Maidah [5]: 69, on the salvation of non-Muslim community according to religious pluralism. He used three methods of interpretation, which are tafsîr mauḍû’i, uṣûl al-fiqh, and hermeneutics. He said that the combination of them will produce a full understanding. Even so, the results are not as expected. Moqsith interprets the verses that seemed to support the idea of pluralism textually, until reject the interpretation of mufassirîn. He concludes that two verses above, do not explain about the obligation of Jews, Christians, and Shabiah in order to believe in Prophet Muhammad, but only explain about the obligation to believe in Allah and the Last Day, and do good deeds as defined in their holy books. Thus, according to him, the Qur’an does not only recognize religious teachings and people of other religions, however, they will be saved by God as far as they practice their religion. It is clear that the results of the interpretation of Moqsith very contradictory and not in accordance with interpretations of the Muslim scholars. Because of Moqsith’s weakness in method of interpretation, so create a partial understanding that the Qur’an legalizes religious pluralism. On the contrary, it is clear that the majority of mufassirûn did not argue that way.
Konsep Kesetaraan dalam Kesaksian Perempuan: Antara Perspektif Wahyu dan Perspektif Gender Henri Shalahuddin
TSAQAFAH Vol. 12 No. 2 (2016): Qur'anic Studies
Publisher : Universitas Darussalam Gontor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/tsaqafah.v12i2.761

Abstract

The following article tries to research the concept of equality in women’s testimony, either in revelation perspective or gender one. For feminists, women’s testimony in Islam which is considered half of the man’s testimony has been led to discrimination against women in the public sector. In Islam, implementing testimony is farḍu kifâyah, including the testimony implemented by women. A woman’s testimony is accepted in all cases that may not be done by men absolutely. Related to this, there are fundamental differences on the issue of women’s testimony between viewpoints based on gender and viewpoints based on Islamic thought. Gender issues in the perspective of Islamic thought are basically always in harmony with nature and the human mind at all times and places. Thus, it is surprising if a Muslim believes that in Islamic law there are aspects of injustice and discrimination against women, he tries to deconstruct interpretation of the Qur’an and the hadits as the feminists do. The principle of fairness and equality in Islam is not just restricted to the meaning of the empirical and material. But it also contains elements of spiritual, welfare, a guarantee of rights and obligations, the aspect of helping each other, supporting each other, and being responsible. Islam does not interpret men and women as a separate entity, apart, and competing. The difference in the rights, obligations and rukhṣah in the law, can not be interpreted as preferential treatment or discrimination.
The Significance of Peaceful Values in Global Perspective: Challenges and Hopes Azhar Arsyad
TSAQAFAH Vol. 12 No. 2 (2016): Qur'anic Studies
Publisher : Universitas Darussalam Gontor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/tsaqafah.v12i2.762

Abstract

The paper talks about how violence and conflict in every form of life will get anybody nowhere and how the call for peace and tranquility should be implemented by each mankind, wherever he lives and wherever they as a group may reside. Hence, peaceful values in global perspective are of great significance. The questions which may be raised are what do we need to have and what do we need to know prior to talking about peace and tranquility? The other questions which may spur are how to implement peace and what makes peace fail and tranquility never becomes a reality. The answer to those questions will become an elaboration of the gist of this article. Historically and spiritually speaking, peace will not be realized if the reason of failure to achieve peace has not been made aware and known to mankind. Albeit various advices and directions have been given, peace shall not be realized. This is due to the fact that the advice and directions given have not met the substance of the cause and have not been able to provide a comprehensive solution to peace itself. Some of the substances of this article, therefore, will try to prove how the need to recognizing and understanding the “voice of the heart” as “inner-soul” and “inner capacity” themselves will become an essential thing to be realized by every individual, so that they can thereafter be known by all mankind globally wherever they may be.
الهلال في القرآن: تسمية الهلال وتطورها عند علماء التفسير المتقدمين والمعاصرين على وجه الموضوعي Fahmi Fatwa Rosyadi Satria Hamdani; Alhamuddin Alhamuddin; Putra Bagus Mochammad
TSAQAFAH Vol. 12 No. 2 (2016): Qur'anic Studies
Publisher : Universitas Darussalam Gontor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/tsaqafah.v12i2.763

Abstract

A moon (qamar) is one of the heavens rotates the earth whose appearance changes keep pace with the sidereal and synodic movements. The movements provide significant impact on determining the first day of months in Qamariah calendar. Disagreement in determining the first day of months in Qamariah may be caused by differences in comprehending the first visible crescent moon (hilâl). The objective of the research is to provide understanding about the meanings of hilâl in the Qur’an verses and its implication in determining the first day of months in Qamariah. Thematic method in this research is used to gather the Qur’an verses containing the word “qamar” and “ahillah”, and the verses those are related to determination of the first day of months in Qamariah calendar, arrange them into chronological order and deepen the analysis using astronomical approach. The results show that hilâl is a part of phases of the moon appears in the first two or three nights and last of the month. And yet the hilâl that can be a reference in determining the first day of month is the crescent moon phase that first appears after conjuncture. The implication of hilâl meanings in determining the first day of months in qamariah makes a sign for humans to determine their times for prayers and social activities such as beginning and ending fasting of Ramadan, determining time for pilgrimage (ḥajj), determining ‘iddah period for Muslim women, purchase and sale, rental, cropping, and making arrangement or agreement.
الأفكار المشبوهة حول دراسة النسخ في علوم القرآن: التعليقات والتعقيبات Husni Mubarrak
TSAQAFAH Vol. 12 No. 2 (2016): Qur'anic Studies
Publisher : Universitas Darussalam Gontor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/tsaqafah.v12i2.764

Abstract

This article discusses naskh in the studies of the Qur’an (‘Ulûm al-Qur’ân). The research focus begins on different understandings and interpretations on stoning punishment for adulterers who had married, based on the story of a Prophet’s companion, Umar ibn Khattab, who said that it was a part of the Qur’an until it then removed from the Qur’an, even though the law is still in force. This story is often used as an example of a naskh criteria that the script had been removed from the Qur’an, even though the law remains in force which were frequently targeted as a form of negligence and mistakes that (probably) there are parts of the Qur’an forgotten, missed or even disappeared when the collecting and codifying the Qur’an in the Ṣaḥâbah (Companions) period since the era of Abu Bakar up to Utsman ibn ‘Affan. These diverse understandings and various thinking related to naskh in al-Qur’an are awkward things which are strongly influenced by orientalism mind and thinking that then come to the surface until, in turn, led to doubt on the validity of the Qur’an that exist today until arousing some efforts to reconstruct and reorder the Qur’an based on corresponding period. This article is quietly concerned to criticize and straighten naskh understanding of the Qur’an with reference to the main reference (mother books) in the tradition of ‘Ulûm al-Qur’ân (Turâts) which are valid and can be justified scientifically.

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