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Jurnal ICMES: The Journal of Middle East Studies
Published by Indonesia Center for Middle East Studies
ISSN : 25805657     EISSN : 26217341     DOI : -
Core Subject : Economy, Science, Social,
Economics, Econometrics & Finance Energy Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice
Jurnal ICMES is published by the independent research institute, Indonesia Center for Middle East Studies (ICMES). This journal seeks to publish balanced writings that enlightens the public and provides appropriate information about the Middle East in various aspects ranging from politics, economics, military, energy, culture, and history.
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 102 Documents
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Moderasi Beragama Zam-Zami, Muhammad Abdul Basit
Jurnal ICMES Vol 9 No 1 (2025): Jurnal ICMES: The Journal of Middle East Studies
Publisher : Indonesia Center for Middle East Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35748/jurnalicmes.v9i1.224

Abstract

Religious moderation is one of Majelis Hukama al-Muslimin’s agenda that aimed to creating a peaceful and tolerant society that upholds moral values and humanity, particularly among Muslims. This agenda has received support from the United Arab Emirates, because this moderation, besides being an ideal standard in religion practices, is also a necessity for the United Arab Emirates in realizing its various national interests. Based on these arguments, this research seeks to further explore the discourse of religious moderation that have become the agenda of Majelis Hukama al-Muslimin and United Arab Emirates in international community. This research is a descriptive qualitative study using library research methods. Through post-structuralism theory, this research observes that the Majelis Hukama al-Muslimin and the United Arab Emirates, through the discourse of religious moderation, have succeeded in forming a regime of truth by making moderate Islam the legitimacy of Islamic teachings. This has implications for religious moderation becoming a truth acknowledged by the global community. However, on the other hand, the success of this regime in voicing Islamic moderation has led to a decline in the influence of several other Islamic groups and organizations in the international community.
Revolusi Islam Iran Amin, Ismail
Jurnal ICMES Vol 9 No 1 (2025): Jurnal ICMES: The Journal of Middle East Studies
Publisher : Indonesia Center for Middle East Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35748/jurnalicmes.v9i1.228

Abstract

The 1979 Islamic Revolution in Iran stands as one of the most complex and challenging revolutions in modern history, as it not only overthrew the Pahlavi monarchy but also established an Islamic republic that integrates religious and political values. This article departs from the question: to what extent can the Iranian Islamic Revolution be explained through theories of social revolution and/or religious revolution? To address this, the study compares two theoretical perspectives: Theda Skocpol’s theory of social revolution, which emphasizes structural and institutional factors, and Imam Ali Khamenei’s concept of religious revolution rooted in Qur’anic values and spirituality. Using a qualitative approach and a descriptive-comparative method, this study finds that the Iranian Islamic Revolution cannot be fully understood solely through structural or spiritual lenses, but rather represents a unique synthesis of material change and ideological transformation—thereby offering a new model of revolution that transcends the conventional Western dichotomy between religion and the social.
Dampak Serangan Israel terhadap Kualitas Lingkungan, Air, dan Tanah di Palestina Latif, Annisya Nurul; Muttaqin, Muhammad Izdiyan; Firmansyah, Indra Arif
Jurnal ICMES Vol 9 No 2 (2025): Jurnal ICMES: The Journal of Middle East Studies
Publisher : Indonesia Center for Middle East Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35748/jurnalicmes.v9i2.217

Abstract

Environmental pollution in areas of armed conflict has become a global issue that has a direct impact on ecosystem sustainability and human welfare. In the context of Palestine, the protracted conflict and Israeli occupation are associated with the degradation of environmental quality, particularly in soil and groundwater. This study examines the impact of armed conflict on environmental degradation and public health in Palestine by placing it within the geopolitical framework of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict. This research uses a qualitative approach based on literature studies and secondary data from international organization reports, scientific publications, and international legal documents. The results of the study showed that damage to water and sanitation infrastructure, military activities, and explosives and weapons residues including indications of the use of white phosphorus contributed to increased soil chemical contamination and decreased groundwater quality. This condition correlates with increased public health risks, especially in vulnerable groups such as children, and exacerbates socio-economic crises and food security. These findings affirm the urgency of integrating environmental restoration into the humanitarian agenda and post-conflict reconstruction, as well as the importance of strengthening environmental protection and accountability mechanisms within the framework of international law.
Dehumanisasi Bangsa Palestina Al Farauqi, Mohamad Dziqie Aulia; Alisa, Azizah Nurfadillah
Jurnal ICMES Vol 9 No 2 (2025): Jurnal ICMES: The Journal of Middle East Studies
Publisher : Indonesia Center for Middle East Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35748/jurnalicmes.v9i2.225

Abstract

The Israeli-Palestinian conflict, especially after October 7, 2023, has attracted significant attention from the international community. Although global sympathy for Palestinian victims is increasing, online spaces are also witnessing a rapid increase in hate speech by Israelis against Palestinians. This research aims to analyze how the Israeli government employs tactics of governmentality to produce and sustain social control, drawing on Michel Foucault’s theoretical framework. Furthermore, this study examines the government's indoctrination efforts against Israelis, which culminates in the construction of a narrative of dehumanization and the cultivation of hatred against Palestinians. This study used a descriptive qualitative method and used a literature review for data collection. The findings show that the indoctrination carried out by Israel, built through the discourse of dehumanization of Palestine (the regime of truth), has succeeded in instilling hatred of Palestinians among Israelis. This indoctrination and discourse formation effort is carried out through a number of mechanisms, such as the conscription system, the instrument of nationalism, and the formation of a collective perception of Israel.
Posisi Geopolitik Yordania dan Dukungannya terhadap Palestina Amalia, Zahra; Ardiyanti, Dwi; Mubarok, Sofi
Jurnal ICMES Vol 9 No 2 (2025): Jurnal ICMES: The Journal of Middle East Studies
Publisher : Indonesia Center for Middle East Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35748/jurnalicmes.v9i2.226

Abstract

This study aims to analyze how the geopolitical dynamics of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan influenced its support for Palestine in the context of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict. Using a geopolitical approach, this study examines Jordanian–Palestinian relations before and after the normalization of Jordanian-Israeli relations in 1994, as well as Jordan's response to changes in the regional political landscape, including post-Abraham Accords. This study uses a qualitative method based on literature analysis to examine the political, economic, and strategic factors that shape Jordan's foreign policy. The results show that Jordan's strategic geographical position, limited resources, and historical role as the custodian of Jerusalem's holy sites greatly influenced the direction of its policy. Although Jordan has established pragmatic cooperation with Israel for stability and economic interests, the country maintains diplomatic support for the Palestinians, especially regarding the issue of Jerusalem and the rights of the Palestinian people. The study concludes that regional geopolitics significantly shape and limit Jordan's foreign policy space.
Budaya Kopi Global dan Perubahan Gaya Hidup Perkotaan di Makkah Hutama, Lanang
Jurnal ICMES Vol 9 No 2 (2025): Jurnal ICMES: The Journal of Middle East Studies
Publisher : Indonesia Center for Middle East Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35748/jurnalicmes.v9i2.237

Abstract

This study examines the shift in coffee consumption culture in Saudi Arabia as a result of cultural globalization, with a focus on the younger generation around Masjid al-Haram and Masjid al-Nabawi. Arabic coffee (qahwa), which was previously rooted in family and assembly traditions, is now undergoing a transformation into a part of urban lifestyle and symbolic consumption. This phenomenon is reflected in the emergence of modern coffee shops such as Ratio and Moment Coffee which function as new social spaces in religious areas. This research uses a qualitative approach with case studies, supported by the theories of cultural globalization, globalization, and symbolic consumption. Data were obtained through participatory observation and interviews with coffee shop visitors. The findings of the study show that coffee consumption transforms into a medium for negotiating the identity, modernity, and cosmopolitan aspirations of the younger generation, without completely eliminating local cultural references. Local values have not vanished, but are reinterpreted and contextualized in modern consumption practices, thus creating a hybrid cultural space between tradition and globalization in the daily lives of Saudi people.
Cultural Violence against Women under Taliban Rule in Afghanistan (2021-2022) Putri Innayah, Tazqia Kinnaree; Yulianti, Dina
Jurnal ICMES Vol 9 No 2 (2025): Jurnal ICMES: The Journal of Middle East Studies
Publisher : Indonesia Center for Middle East Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35748/jurnalicmes.v9i2.242

Abstract

The Taliban returned to power in Afghanistan after the fall of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan government in 2021. The Afghan government has now been transformed into the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan (EIA). The Taliban-dominated EIA government has implemented new discriminatory and restrictive policies, particularly against women. This study employed qualitative methods, collecting data from literature reviews and interviews. Data analysis was conducted using content analysis, and validity was tested through data triangulation. The indicator of discrimination against women used in this research is SDGs No. 5 (Achieving Gender Equality and Empowering Women), in which the government should be responsible for meeting nine related targets. The conclusion of this study is that of the nine targets that should have been achieved, the Taliban have not met any of them. Using the concept of cultural violence, this condition is analyzed, and the influence of religion and ideology on the legitimacy and implementation of the Taliban's discriminatory policies against women is revealed.
Kebijakan Luar Negeri Turki Melawan Partiya Yekitiya Demokrat di Suriah Utara (2016-2019) Rifqy Alief Abiyya; Rizky Hikmawan
Jurnal ICMES Vol 10 No 1 (2026): Jurnal ICMES: The Journal of Middle East Studies
Publisher : Indonesia Center for Middle East Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35748/jurnalicmes.v10i1.239

Abstract

This research explores Turkey's strategic response to Kurdish armed groups, specifically the Partiya Yekitiya Demokrat (PYD) and its military faction, the Yekineyen Parastina Gel (YPG), operating near the Turkish-Syrian border. The Turkish government regards the PYD/YPG as the Syrian branch of the Partiya Karkeren Kurdistan (PKK), a Kurdish separatist group in domestic insurgency. The conflict between Turkey and the Kurds has persisted for decades, with peace initiatives yet to materialize. Turkey is worried about the PYD/YPG's growing power in northern Syria, especially near the border with Turkey, because it could lead to expansion that threatens Turkish sovereignty and national security. In response, Turkey has launched a series of cross-border military operations to counter this expansion, such as Operation Euphrates Shield (2016), Operation Olive Branch (2017), and Operation Peace Spring (2019). This study uses the offensive neorealism theory to explain that Turkey's military actions are not only defensive but also strategic moves to establish regional dominance in the Middle East. This research adopts a qualitative descriptive methodology, aiming to describe and analyze PYD/YPG as a threat to Turkey and the Turkish government's policy response through military operations to protect its sovereignty and national security. Data collection techniques involve document analysis of prior studies and interviews with selected experts. The findings indicate that Turkey's military operations are primarily driven by national security threats, particularly due to PYD/YPG’s collaboration with the PKK and their repeated attacks on Turkish territory. In practice, the policy has succeeded in limiting the PYD/YPG’s territorial expansion, especially in autonomous Kurdish zones in northern Syria. Nevertheless, it has not fully resolved the root causes of the conflict between Turkey and Kurdish forces.
Pengaruh Kesadaran Geopolitik Terhadap Sikap Kritis Mahasiswa Indonesia di Mesir atas Konflik Israel-Palestina Edi Lukito -; Muhammad Jihan Muqaddas; Khotibul Khairi Al-Azizi; Yusril Firdaus Nuzula; Mawadatus Shalih
Jurnal ICMES Vol 10 No 1 (2026): Jurnal ICMES: The Journal of Middle East Studies
Publisher : Indonesia Center for Middle East Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35748/jurnalicmes.v10i1.248

Abstract

This study explores the geopolitical awareness factors that influence the critical attitudes of Indonesian students in Egypt toward the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. The main subjects of this study are Indonesian students in Egypt. The Israeli-Palestinian conflict, a protracted dispute over territory and competing claims to sovereignty, has escalated again following the surprise attack carried out by Hamas on 7 October 2023, known as Operation Toofan Al-Aqsa. Since then, relations between the two sides have grown increasingly tense, with repercussions for geopolitical tensions across the Middle East and even the world. This study employs a mixed-methods approach with a convergent parallel design. This approach is used to measure the relationship between the awareness variables that influence the critical attitudes of Indonesian students in Egypt regarding the Israeli–Palestinian conflict, and is supported by the theory of awareness and the theory of critical attitude as the main variables of this study. Data were obtained through questionnaires and interviews with several Indonesian students in Egypt. The findings indicate that the geopolitical awareness of Indonesian students in Egypt is at a moderate level, while in understanding and responding to news related to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict they are categorized as not yet critical. The values, attitudes, and knowledge of Indonesian students in Egypt regarding Middle Eastern geopolitics are positively correlated with their critical attitudes toward the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.
Strategi Israel Melawan Gerakan BDS Muhamad Dzamirul Hakim; Wiwiek Rukmi Dwi Astuti
Jurnal ICMES Vol 10 No 1 (2026): Jurnal ICMES: The Journal of Middle East Studies
Publisher : Indonesia Center for Middle East Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35748/jurnalicmes.v10i1.249

Abstract

This research discusses Israel's strategies to counter the narrative of the Boycott, Divestment, and Sanctions (BDS) movement between 2017 and 2019. Employing a descriptive qualitative method and drawing upon constructivism theory and the concept of narrative power, this study explores how Israel responded to the BDS narrative, which alleges human rights violations. The research highlights the implementation of anti-BDS laws within Israel, and intensive lobbying in the United States and the European Union, as well as efforts to deny entry and arrest BDS activists. The findings indicate that while Israel deployed various legal, diplomatic, and propaganda strategies to discredit the movement and associate it with antisemitism, these efforts faced significant challenges. Israel's repressive policies strengthened the BDS narrative regarding freedom of expression violations and the delegitimisation of Israel's democratic claims, fostering broader global solidarity and demonstrating the effectiveness of the BDS narrative in shaping international public opinion.

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