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Economics and Finance in Indonesia
Published by Universitas Indonesia
ISSN : 0126155X     EISSN : 24429260     DOI : 10.47291
Core Subject : Economy,
EFI mainly covers original idea related to the Economics and Finance in Indonesia. Published articles can be either theoretical, empirical, or in between of those two polar variants.
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Articles 574 Documents
The Role of Banking Services in Determining the Destination Countries for Indonesia’s Non-Oil and Gas Export Rini Satriani; T. M. Zakir Machmud
Economics and Finance in Indonesia Volume 66, Number 2, December 2020
Publisher : Institute for Economic and Social Research

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (314.993 KB) | DOI: 10.47291/efi.v66i2.709

Abstract

This study aims to examine whether the risk factor and banking services play a significant role in determining not only the export performance of a country but also the pattern of export destination markets, with the reference to the case of Indonesia. These two indicators are interrelated because the risk factor in export transactions can be mitigated by banking sector. Using the data of export Letter of Credits (LCs) for non-oil and gas exports of Indonesia as a banking instrument to mitigate special risk transactions to 102 export destination countries as well as a panel data methodology for the 2011–2018 period, this study discovers that the risk of export destination countries affects the decline in non-oil and gas exports of Indonesia to the alleged high-risk countries that are non-traditional export markets of Indonesia by 8.34%. In contrast, the LCs only significantly affect the increase in non-oil and gas exports of Indonesia to the lowand medium-risk countries by 0.024–0.029%, most of which are traditional export markets of Indonesia. It implies that banking sector in general does not have the appetite for providing financing for Indonesian exporters attempting to penetrate non-traditional export markets. This result underlines that commercial banks in Indonesia have a significant role in shaping the pattern of destination countries for Indonesian export. Consequently, government intervention is essentially needed by assuming or sharing part of the risk with state banks supposing the government continues to expect exporters to be able to penetrate into the non-traditional countries.
Gender Differences in Children’s Non-Leisure Activities: A Decomposition Analysis Dayang Haszelinna Abang Ali; Rosita Hamdan; Audrey Liwan; Josephine Yau Tan Hwang
Economics and Finance in Indonesia Volume 66, Number 1, June 2020
Publisher : Institute for Economic and Social Research

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (226.533 KB) | DOI: 10.47291/efi.v66i1.630

Abstract

The prevalence of son preference indicates that girls will have less leisure time compared to boys. This study aims to examine gender differences in weekly hours in schooling, housework, and working among children in Indonesia using Tobit Model and decomposition model of Bauer & Sinning (2005), to test whether son preference explains the differences. The dataset was drawn from the fourth wave of Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS) in 2007. The results show significant gender differences in housework and working for children aged 5–14 years and insignificant gender gap in schooling for both age groups. These results confirm the existence of gender differences among younger children compared to older children in their time allocation.
Women’s Financial Literacy: Perceived Financial Knowledge and Its Impact on Money Management Vincent Gunawan; Vera Intanie Dewi; Triyana Iskandarsyah; Irsanti Hasyim
Economics and Finance in Indonesia Volume 67, Number 1, June 2021
Publisher : Institute for Economic and Social Research

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (199.828 KB) | DOI: 10.47291/efi.v67i1.720

Abstract

This paper presents an empirical study on women’s financial literacy in a developing country, Indonesia. Financial literacy in developing countries, especially for women, needs to be improved. Traditionally, women have an important role in managing family finances. Their ability to conduct good financial management can help their family’s financial stability and improve its welfare. If women do not have adequate capacity to manage the family’s finances, the family’s economic health can be at risk. Having financial literacy is important as it provides financial resilience at times of uncertainty. This explanatory research uses a sample comprising 100 women living in the city of Bandung, Indonesia, who are in the Baby Boomer generation as well as in Generations X, Y, and Z. The data were collected through an online questionnaire and analyzed using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). The results provide evidence that perceived financial knowledge has a significant effect on financial management behavior in the dimensions of savings behavior, shopping behavior, long-term planning, and short-term planning. Moreover, the study results show that the respondents have a moderate level of financial literacy and financial management behavior.
Should I Bribe? Re-Examining the Greasing-the-Wheels Hypothesis in Democratic Post-Soeharto Indonesia Irfan Kurniawan; Riyanto Riyanto
Economics and Finance in Indonesia Volume 66, Number 2, December 2020
Publisher : Institute for Economic and Social Research

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (218.711 KB) | DOI: 10.47291/efi.v66i2.792

Abstract

During the Soeharto Era corruption was considered to grease the wheels of growth in Indonesia, a country once considered to be the most corrupt country in the world. Indonesia began to experience instantaneous decentralization and democratization after the Soeharto Era abruptly ended. While vastly celebrated, these episodes have their unintended consequence: coercive regulation. We employed the extensive firm-level Large and Medium Manufacturing (Industri Besar Sedang/IBS) census data combined with the Indonesian Democracy Index (Indeks Demokrasi Indonesia/IDI) at provincial level spanning from 2009 to 2015 and found that bribery hampered Indonesian firm output and productivity growth by 9.8% and 12.6%, respectively. These results suggest that the greasing effect has now diminished. Interestingly, we also found that firms located in a province with a better democracy index may experience less damaging effects of corruption. In other words, two firms paying the same value of bribe may obtain different effects depending on where they are located.
Does Uncertainty Matter for Trade - Economic Growth Nexus in Indonesia? Panky Tri Febiyansah; Bintang Dwitya Cahyono; Rio Novandra
Economics and Finance in Indonesia Volume 67, Number 1, June 2021
Publisher : Institute for Economic and Social Research

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (330.831 KB) | DOI: 10.47291/efi.v67i1.933

Abstract

This paper aims to test the impact of uncertainty on the causal relationship among exports, imports, and economic growth in Indonesia. The relationship is constructed by examining the presence of FDI-adjusted exports and imports (trade) and the output link using conditional variances-covariances derived from the generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedastic (GARCH) process in a vector error correction model (VEC-GARCH model). Using evidence in Indonesia, the model exposes the uni-directional nexus from trade performance to trade-adjusted output growth in the absence of uncertainty. The volatility effects are evident in the causal relationship between trade and output. The finding shows that the uncertainty effects hamper the trade-economic growth nexus. Incorporated with the long-run causality, trade still causes output even after containing the contributions of volatility. The significant role of imports highlights the higher demand for intermediate capital products and the inclusion of technology in strengthening economic growth.
The Productivity and Future Growth Potential of Indonesia Mohamad Ikhsan; Sri Mulyani Indrawati; I Gede Sthitaprajna Virananda; Zihaul Abdi; Canyon Keanu Can
Economics and Finance in Indonesia Volume 67, Number 2, December 2021
Publisher : Institute for Economic and Social Research

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (734.392 KB) | DOI: 10.47291/efi.v67i2.996

Abstract

The output per worker of Indonesia has been on a downtrend since 2010, with total factor productivity (TFP) and capital stock largely stagnant if not declining. This paper discusses stylized facts that may explain recent trends in the productivity and growth potential of Indonesia. The decomposition of output per worker reveals the declining contribution of human capital, which is also most negative among peer countries. The growth in labor productivity has been concentrated within sectors, implying room for gains from labor reallocations. A substantial share of employment and credit in Indonesia has shifted to the relatively unproductive service sectors, particularly wholesale and retail trade. In terms of firm dynamics, the contribution of large firms in Indonesia has been lackluster compared to regional peers while the productivity of micro, small and medium enterprises remains stagnant. Considering that human capital and TFP measures of Indonesia are lagging behind middle-income peers, there is wide scope for Indonesia to catch up. However, the potential output of Indonesia also faces new risks from the COVID-19 pandemic. We expect that the short-term effect of the pandemic on capital accumulation and the long-term effect on human capital pose the highest risk while labor inputs appear to be more resilient. Meanwhile, the potential productivity gains from accelerated digital adoption and sectoral reallocations are more uncertain.
The Role of Success Rate, Discovery, Appraisal Spending, and Transitioning Region on Exploration Drilling of Oil and Gas in Indonesia in 2004–2015 Harry Patria
Economics and Finance in Indonesia Volume 67, Number 2, December 2021
Publisher : Institute for Economic and Social Research

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (325.862 KB) | DOI: 10.47291/efi.v67i2.952

Abstract

Petroleum exploration decision remains a subject of petroleum and economic studies for decades. Most of the  studies discuss the investment decision by focusing on either a technical or economic perspective. In reality, economic, geological, and environmental factors are expected to determine the way investors make a decision. This study aims to increase the understanding of best practices in decision-making by scrutinizing integrative perspectives applying panel data of 32 basins in Indonesia in 2004–2015. This study provides several contributions to optimize decisions on wells drilled. First, this study derives an empirical model examining several plausible factors of economy, geology, and environment. Second, the findings demonstrate how to empirically examine which factors significantly determine wells drilled by companies. The last contribution is to empirically support a technical transformation from Western to Eastern exploration due to the natural depletion of oil fields.
The Environmental Kuznets Curve for Deforestation in Indonesia Dara Adila; Nunung Nuryartono; Mandar Oak
Economics and Finance in Indonesia Volume 67, Number 2, December 2021
Publisher : Institute for Economic and Social Research

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (207.466 KB) | DOI: 10.47291/efi.v67i2.671

Abstract

This study provides empirical findings on the relationship between deforestation and income in 32 provinces in Indonesia. To enrich the discussion on deforestation, this study investigates the impact of the factors of population, roundwood production, land area, and main crop production on deforestation. The selected main crops in Indonesia are oil palm, coffee, coconut, rubber, and cacao. The results confirm the existence of the EKC relationship between deforestation and income in Indonesia. The study also finds that oil palm production positively affects tree cover loss, but the production of natural rubber has the opposite impact on deforestation.
Effects of Financial Inclusion and Openness on Banking Stability: Evidence from Developing and Developed Countries M. Abdi Shalihin; Sugiharso Safuan
Economics and Finance in Indonesia Volume 67, Number 2, December 2021
Publisher : Institute for Economic and Social Research

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (164.188 KB) | DOI: 10.47291/efi.v67i2.967

Abstract

This study seeks to contribute to the emerging debate regarding the effects of financial inclusion and openness on banking stability. Panel data from 217 developing and developed countries from 2004 to 2017 showed that financial inclusion did not affect banking stability. However, financial openness significantly affected banking stability in all countries worldwide. Furthermore, the interaction of financial inclusion and openness had a significant positive effect on banking stability in developing and all countries worldwide. This finding indicates that the more funds obtained by banks from the implementation of financial inclusion policy and financial openness policy, the greater the potential for banks to maintain their stability. Therefore, to maintain bank stability, each country needs to synchronize its policies on financial inclusion and financial openness. This finding also contributes to the literature on understanding the essential financial inclusion policies and financial openness to improve bank stability.
Factors Influencing Economic Empowerment in Tourism Development Eva Rachmawati; Joanna Fountain; Michael Mackay
Economics and Finance in Indonesia Volume 67, Number 2, December 2021
Publisher : Institute for Economic and Social Research

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (143.184 KB) | DOI: 10.47291/efi.v67i2.917

Abstract

Tourism is believed to be able to empower people economically, both at the individual and community levels, by providing various employment and business opportunities to community members to help alleviate poverty. This study offers insights into community empowerment outcome, particularly in economic dimension, through a quantitative approach. This study aims to identify the level of community empowerment outcome perceived by the local communities in tourism development in their area and analyze the factors that influence the outcome. Employing a mixed-methods approach, this study collected data through household survey, field and participatory observation, and document analysis. The questionnaire responses were analyzed using descriptive statistical analysis (i.e., frequency distribution and cross tabulation) and chi-square analysis. The findings suggest that tourism was able to increase the income of the people working in the tourism sector. However, only several people perceived that tourism could provide benefits for them. Several factors influencing the community perception related to economic empowerment in tourism development were identified. These include involvement in the tourism industry, community culture (kinship), nature of tourism affecting the type of available job, lack of engagement, lack of capital, education, and geographical factors.

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