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Oto Rhino Laryngologica Indonesiana
Published by Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Telinga Hidung dan Tenggorok Bedah Kepala Leher Indonesia
ISSN : 02163667     EISSN : 25983970     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology
Journal Othorhinolaryngologica Indonesiana is a peer-reviewed and open access journal that focuses on promoting otorhinolaryngology-head and neck surgery that publishes research reports, case reports, and literature reviews, to increase knowledge and updating diagnostics procedurs on otorhinolaryngology-head and neck surgery.
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Articles 493 Documents
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The differences in the quality of life of allergic rhinitis and non-symptomatic individuals Ayu Betty Hutagaol; Indri Adriztina
Oto Rhino Laryngologica Indonesiana Vol 51, No 2 (2021): VOLUME 51, NO. 2 JULY - DECEMBER 2021
Publisher : PERHATI-KL

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32637/orli.v51i2.428

Abstract

ABSTRACTBackground: Allergic rhinitis is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the nose that occurs as an IgE-mediated reaction. Classical symptoms of allergic rhinitis are sneezing, nasal congestion, nasal itching and rhinorrhea. The effects of allergic rhinitis can have an impact on daily activities that affect the quality of life of sufferers. Purpose: To determine the differences between the quality of life of allergic rhinitis sufferers and non-symptomatic subjects in the Faculty of Medicine, University of North Sumatra batch 2017. Methods: This was an observational study with a cross-sectional design. The research sample was obtained by total sampling technique and used two questionnaires, Score for Allergic Rhinitis (SFAR) to assess allergic rhinitis, and 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF 36) to assess the quality of life of the research subjects, which were students of the Faculty of Medicine, University of North Sumatra, of the year 2017. Result: Among 213 students from the Faculty of Medicine, University of Sumatera Utara of the year 2017, there were 112 allergic rhinitis sufferers and 101 non-symptomatic students. The median quality of life score for allergic rhinitis sufferers was 74, while the median score of quality of life for non-symptomatic students was 78. Using Man Whitney test, the result obtained p value <0.05 (p = 0.044). Conclusion: There was a significant difference between the quality of life of students with allergic rhinitis and non-symptomatic individuals.Keywords: allergic rhinitis, quality of life, SFAR, SF-36ABSTRAKLatar belakang: Rinitis alergi merupakan inflamasi yang terjadi pada hidung akibat adanya reaksi alergi yang diperantarai oleh IgE. Gejala rinitis alergi berupa bersin-bersin, hidung tersumbat, serta hidung gatal dan rinore. Gejala rinitis alergi dapat berdampak pada aktivitas sehari-hari sehingga mempengaruhi kualitas hidup penderitanya. Tujuan: Mengetahui perbedaan kualitas hidup penderita dan bukan penderita rinitis alergi pada mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sumatera Utara, angkatan 2017. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian analitik observasional dengan rancangan cross-sectional. Sampel penelitian ditentukan dengan teknik total sampling dan menggunakan dua buah kuesioner yaitu Score for Allergic Rhinitis (SFAR) untuk menilai rinitis alergi dan 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) untuk menilai kualitas hidup. Subjek penelitian adalah mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sumatera Utara angkatan 2017. Hasil: Dari 213 mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sumatera Utara angkatan 2017, didapati 112 penderita rinitis alergi dan 101 bukan penderita rinitis alergi. Skor median kualitas hidup penderita rinitis alergi adalah 74 sedangkan skor median kualitas hidup mahasiswa bukan penderita rinitis alergi adalah 78. Dengan uji Man Whitney diperoleh hasil p value <0,05 (p=0,044). Kesimpulan: Penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya perbedaan signifikan antara kualitas hidup penderita rinitis alergi dan bukan penderita rinitis alergi.Kata kunci: rinitis alergi, kualitas hidup, SFAR, SF 36
Fat graft augmentation rhinoplasty compared to costal cartilage graft in saddle nose panfacial fractures Dini Widiarni Widodo; Satria Dipo Putra Asmoro; Raden Ayu Anatriera
Oto Rhino Laryngologica Indonesiana Vol 51, No 2 (2021): VOLUME 51, NO. 2 JULY - DECEMBER 2021
Publisher : PERHATI-KL

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32637/orli.v51i2.449

Abstract

ABSTRACTBackground: Panfacial fracture can cause nasal function and esthetics alterations, one of which is saddle nose deformity. Post-traumatic saddle nose could be treated with augmentation rhinoplasty to correct the nasal structure and function. It can use autologous material such as fat graft and cartilage graft. Purpose: To report the effect of fat graft augmentation rhinoplasty compared to costal cartilage graft on patients’ satisfaction of saddle nose panfacial fracture cases. Case report: Reporting two cases of panfacial fracture with saddle nose. The first case, a 22-years-old female with multiple facial fractures underwent plate and screw fixation and nasal fracture close reduction followed by augmentation rhinoplasty using fat graft. The second case was a 23-years-old male diagnosed as blow-out fracture treated with internal fixation and costal cartilage augmentation rhinoplasty. Clinical question: Does fat graft augmentation rhinoplasty result in a better satisfaction level than costal cartilage graft in panfacial fracture with saddle nose cases. Review method: Evidence-based literature searching was performed through Pubmed, Scopus and Proquest databases to evaluate the effect of rhinoplasty augmentation using fat graft compared to costal cartilage on patient satisfaction level. Result: One study showed patient’s high satisfaction level after fat graft augmentation procedure. Another study showed that satisfaction rates were also high in cartilage graft augmentation patients. Conclusion: The advantages of using fat graft augmentation are the more natural esthetic outcome, easy to perform and low morbidity. Rhinoplasty Outcome Evaluation (ROE) questionnaire could be used to evaluate the outcome of augmentation rhinoplasty with high sensitivity and specificity.Keywords: saddle nose, panfacial fracture, fat graft augmentation, costal cartilage graft, ROEABSTRAKLatar belakang: Fraktur panfasial dapat mengakibatkan perubahan struktur wajah disertai kelainan fungsi dan estetika hidung, salah satunya deformitas saddle nose. Saddle nose pasca trauma wajah dapat ditatalaksana dengan rinoplasti augmentasi untuk memperbaiki struktur dan fungsi hidung. Rinoplasti augmentasi dapat menggunakan material tandur autologous misalnya tandur lemak dan kartilago. Tujuan: Melaporkan hasil augmentasi tandur lemak dibandingkan tandur kartilago iga terhadap tingkat kepuasan pasien kasus saddle nose fraktur panfasial. Laporan kasus: Dua kasus fraktur panfasial disertai saddle nose. Kasus pertama, perempuan 22 tahun dengan fraktur wajah multipel, dilakukan fiksasi internal menggunakan plate and screw dan reduksi tertutup fraktur nasal, dilanjutkan rinoplasti augmentasi tandur lemak untuk memperbaiki saddle nose. Kasus kedua, laki-laki 23 tahun dengan fraktur blow-out ditatalaksana dengan fiksasi internal dilanjutkan rinoplasti augmentasi tandur kartilago iga. Pertanyaan klinis: Apakah rinoplasti augmentasi tandur lemak menghasilkan tingkat kepuasaan pasien lebih baik dibandingkan tandur kartilago iga pada kasus saddle nose pada fraktur panfasial? Telaah literatur: Pencarian literatur mengenai pengaruh augmentasi tandur lemak dibanding tandur kartilago iga terhadap tingkat kepuasan pasien fraktur panfasial dalam database Pubmed, Scopus dan Proquest. Hasil: Satu artikel menunjukkan tingkat kepuasan pasien pasca rinoplasti augmentasi tandur lemak yang tinggi dengan tingkat morbiditas rendah. Artikel lain menunjukkan tingkat kepuasan yang juga tinggi pada pasien augmentasi tandur kartilago tanpa komplikasi mayor. Kesimpulan: Keuntungan penggunaan tandur lemak pada rinoplasti adalah terlihat lebih alami, lebih mudah dilakukan dengan morbiditas rendah, akan tetapi dengan tingkat resorpsi tinggi. Kuesioner Rhinoplasty Outcome Evaluation (ROE) dapat menjadi alat untuk menilai outcome dari rinoplasti augmentasi dengan sensitivitas dan spesifitas cukup tinggi.Kata kunci: saddle nose, fraktur panfasial, augmentasi tandur lemak, tandur kartilago iga, ROE
Correlation between score for allergic rhinitis and quality of life in chronic rhinitis patients Asti Widuri; Tri Wahyuliati; Winda Retno Ningrum
Oto Rhino Laryngologica Indonesiana Vol 51, No 2 (2021): VOLUME 51, NO. 2 JULY - DECEMBER 2021
Publisher : PERHATI-KL

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32637/orli.v51i2.446

Abstract

ABSTRACTBackground: Allergic rhinitis is a chronic inflammatory condition of the nasal mucosa that occurs as an Imunoglobulin E (IgE) mediated reaction after provocation of allergen. The prevalence of rhinitis in Indonesia reaches 12.4% and still rising. Chronic rhinitis can affect the quality of life, especially daily activities and sleep disturbances. Purpose: This study aimed to determine the correlation between the Score for Allergic Rhinitis (SFAR) and the patient’s quality of life (QOL) using allergic rhinitis mobile phone application. Method: This was an observational analytic research using cross sectional method. The number of samples was 46 with predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The research instrument used was a mobile phone application of SFAR and for quality of life was Visual Analog Scales (VAS) questionnaire. Data analysis was using Shapiro-Wilk for normality test and contingency coefficient test to determine the correlation between variables. Result: The result showed that there was a significant correlation between the Score for Allergic Rhinitis and the quality of life in chronic rhinitis sufferers (p = 0.000). The correlation had uni-direction and moderate strength (r = 0.567). There were 52.17% respondents who stated that rhinitis complaints would be reduced after using nasal drugs/sprays. And for the VAS parameter, the highest number given was 0 in 45.65% respondents, which meant that they did not feel any discomfort. Conclusion: There was a significant correlation between SFAR and quality of life AR sufferers with moderate strength and uni-direction.Keywords: Score for Allergic Rhinitis, quality of life, rhinitis, mobile applicationABSTRAKLatar belakang: Rinitis alergi adalah kondisi inflamasi kronis pada mukosa hidung sebagai reaksi yang dimediasi Imunoglobulin E (IgE) setelah provokasi alergen. Prevalensi rinitis di Indonesia mencapai 12,4 % dan akan terus meningkat. Rinitis kronik dapat memengaruhi kualitas hidup terutama aktivitas sehari-hari dan gangguan tidur. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui korelasi Score for Allergic Rhinitis (SFAR) dengan kualitas hidup penderita menggunakan aplikasi rinitis alergi pada telepon genggam. Metode: Penelitian ini berupa analitik observasional dengan desain cross sectional. Sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 46 responden dengan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi yang sudah ditentukan. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan aplikasi telepon genggam berisi kuisioner SFAR dan kualitas hidup dengan Visual Analog Scales (VAS). Analisis data menggunakan Shapiro-Wilk untuk uji normalitas dan uji koefisien kontingensi untuk mengetahui korelasi antar variabel. Hasil: Didapatkan hasil berupa hubungan korelasi yang bermakna antara skor SFAR dengan kualitas hidup penderita rinitis kronik (p=0,000). Hubungan korelasi tersebut memiliki satu arah dan kekuatan yang sedang (r=0,567). Diperoleh pernyataan dari 52,17% responden bahwa keluhan rinitis akan berkurang setelah minum obat/menggunakan semprot hidung. Untuk parameter VAS didapatkan hasil bahwa angka terbanyak yang diberikan adalah 0 pada 45,65% responden, yang berarti tidak merasakan ketidaknyamanan. Kesimpulan: Terdapat korelasi bermakna antara SFAR dan kualitas hidup penderita AR dengan kekuatan hubungan sedang dan satu arah.Kata kunci: Score for Allergic Rhinitis, kualitas hidup, rinitis, aplikasi telepon genggam
Bilateral choanal atresia Luh Putu Lusy Indrawati; Muhammad Syafiq Riski; Ranita Parjaman
Oto Rhino Laryngologica Indonesiana Vol 51, No 2 (2021): VOLUME 51, NO. 2 JULY - DECEMBER 2021
Publisher : PERHATI-KL

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32637/orli.v51i2.394

Abstract

ABSTRACTBackground: Choanal atresia is an uncommon anomaly that causes upper airway obstruction in newborns, with a frequency of 1 in 5000 to 7000 births. The definitive treatment is surgery. Purpose: To inform the diagnosis and management of a bilateral choanal atresia. Case report: A 2-months-old girl with a diagnosis of bilateral choanal atresia. The patient underwent transnasal endoscopic repair of choanal atresia under general anesthesia. Clinical question: Could transnasal endoscopic repair of choanal atresia followed by stenting, provide better result than other approaches? Review method: Literature search using keywords ’choanal atresia’ AND ’bilateral’ AND ’membranous’ AND ’endoscopic’ AND ’surgery’ AND ’stent’ was conducted through PubMed, Science Direct, and The Cochrane Library. Result: The search obtained 34 articles concerning choanal atresia. Selection based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, found 15 articles were relevant with the topic. Conclusion: A baby girl came with bilateral choanal atresia. The diagnosis was established by nasoendoscopy, supported by CT imaging. She underwent transnasal endoscopic repair of the stenotic choanae under general anesthesia.Keywords: bilateral choanal atresia, transnasal endoscopic surgery, congenital nasal airway anomalyABSTRAKLatar belakang: Atresia koana merupakan kelainan pada neonatus yang jarang terjadi, yang dapat menyebabkan obstruksi jalan napas atas. Frekuensi kasus sebanyak 1 dari 5000 sampai 7000 kelahiran. Tatalaksana definitif pada kasus atresia koana adalah tindakan operatif. Tujuan: Memberikan informasi mengenai diagnosis dan tatalaksana atresia koana bilateral. Laporan kasus: Bayi berusia 2 bulan dengan diagnosis atresia koana bilateral. Tatalaksana pada kasus ini adalah operasi membuka koana dengan pendekatan endoskopi transnasal. Pertanyaan klinis: Apakah tatalaksana operasi perbaikan atresia koana dengan pendekatan transnasal endoskopi yang diikuti dengan pemasangan stent lebih baik dibandingkan dengan pendekatan lain? Telaah literatur: Dilakukan penelusuran menggunakan kata kunci ’choanal atresia’ DAN ’bilateral’ DAN ’membranous’ DAN ’endoscopic’ DAN ’surgery’ DAN ’stent’ pada beberapa sumber data seperti PubMed, Science Direct, dan The Cochrane Library. Hasil: Didapatkan 34 artikel yang membahas atresia koana. Melalui kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi diperoleh 15 artikel yang relevan dengan topik. Kesimpulan: Telah dilaporkan pasien dengan diagnosis atresia koana bilateral. Diagnosis ditegakkan melalui endoskopi transnasal dan CT scan. Dilakukan perbaikan koana menggunakan pendekatan endoskopi transnasal, dengan anestesi umum.Kata kunci: atresia koana bilateral, endoskopi transnasal, kelainan kongenital hidung
Proton pump inhibitors effect on the quality of life of patients with laryngopharyngeal reflux Susyana Tamin; Elvi Zulka; Rahmanofa Yunizaf; Adang Bachtiar
Oto Rhino Laryngologica Indonesiana Vol 51, No 2 (2021): VOLUME 51, NO. 2 JULY - DECEMBER 2021
Publisher : PERHATI-KL

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32637/orli.v51i2.438

Abstract

ABSTRACTBackground: Laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) is a condition caused by retrograde flow of gastric contents to the larynx, pharynx, trachea, and bronchus, which can affect patients’ quality of life (QOL). Purpose: To evaluate the effect of proton pump–inhibitor (PPI) therapy on the quality of life of patients with laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR). Methods: This randomized controlled trial study involved 52 patients with dysphagia. The short-form REFLUX-QUAL® questionnaire was used to assess QOL. The patients were given lansoprazole twice daily as early diagnostic method as well as a therapy for LPR. If improvement found, PPI therapy was continued for two months. Afterwards patients was randomly divided into continuous therapy group (n = 25) or an on-demand therapy group (n = 27). Results: There was no significant difference in gender, age group, or economic level among subjects in both groups. Treatment with PPIs both continuously and on-demand significantly improved patients’ QOL from 44.83 ± 19.11 to 83.37 ± 11.51 (p <0.001). Significant improvements occurred in almost all of eight QOL domains as compared at the start of and six months into PPI therapy (p <0.001); discomfort remained the exception as patients with LPR must continue to avoid certain foods, (p = 0.233). However, there was no significant difference between the continuous and on-demand therapy groups concerning improvements in the quality of life (p = 0.281). Conclusion: Treatment with PPIs either continuously or on-demand for six months significantly improved patients’ quality of life, with no significant difference between the two treatment groups.Keywords: proton pump inhibitor, PPI, quality of life, laryngopharyngeal reflux, LPRABSTRAKLatar belakang: Refluks laringofaring (RLF) adalah kondisi terjadinya aliran balik isi lambung ke laring, faring, trakea, dan bronkus yang dapat mempengaruhi kualitas hidup pasien. Terapi empiris Proton Pump Inhibitor (PPI) merupakan pendekatan diagnosis dan metode terapi untuk RLF. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas pengobatan PPI terhadap kualitas hidup pasien RLF Metode: Penelitian secara uji acak terkendali ini melibatkan 52 pasien dengan keluhan disfagia. Digunakan Reflux-Qual Short form (RQS) untuk menilai kualitas hidup subjek. Pasien diberikan lansoprazole dua kali sehari sebagai diagnosis dini dan terapi untuk refluks. Apabila terdapat perbaikan, PPI diteruskan selama 2 bulan, kemudian pasien dibagi menjadi 2 grup secara acak. Kelompok pasien yang mendapatkan terapi secara kontinu terdiri dari 25 pasien, sedangkan kelompok terapi on-demand terdiri dari 27 pasien. Hasil: Tidak terdapat perbedaan signifikan pada jenis kelamin, usia, tingkat ekonomi antara pasien pada kelompok terapi kontinu dan on-demand. Pengobatan PPI secara kontinu dan on-demand secara signifikan meningkatkan kualitas hidup pasien dari 44,83 ± 19,11 menjadi 83,37 ± 11,51 (p<0,001). Selain itu, terdapat perbaikan yang signifikan pada hampir semua dari delapan domain kualitas hidup pada bulan keenam terapi PPI dibandingk an awal terapi, kecuali pada domain ketidaknyamanan pasien karena pasien harus menghindari makanan tertentu (p = 0,233). Namun, tidak ditemukan perbedaan yang signifikan pada kelompok terapi secara kontinu dan on-demand pada peningkatan kualitas hidup (p = 0,281). Kesimpulan: Pengobatan PPI secara kontinu dan on-demand selama 6 bulan secara signifikan meningkatkan kualitas hidup pasien RLF. Namun, tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara kedua kelompok tersebut terhadap peningkatan kualitas hidup.Kata kunci: penghambat pompa proton, PPI, refluks laringfaring, refleks laringofaring, kualitas hidup
The management of traumatic and non traumatic dacryostenosis with endoscopy dacryocystorhinostomy Dolly Irfandy; Al Hafiz; Rimelda Aquinas; Hendriati -
Oto Rhino Laryngologica Indonesiana Vol 51, No 2 (2021): VOLUME 51, NO. 2 JULY - DECEMBER 2021
Publisher : PERHATI-KL

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32637/orli.v51i2.337

Abstract

ABSTRACTBackground: Dacryostenosis is a condition of obstruction or stenosis of the nasolacrimal duct, causing excessive tearing. Endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy (endo-DCR) is an endoscopic procedure for nasolacrimal duct obstruction management. Purpose: To report and analyze the result of endo-DCR in dacryostenosis cases that caused by traumatic and non-traumatic etiology. Case report: Two cases of nasolacrimal duct obstruction on 26 years old and 63 years old women. Endo-DCR was performed to the patients in join operation with the Ophtalmology Department. On 3 months follow up, there were no epiphora, nor recurrent infection. On anel test the nasolacrimal duct was patent. Clinical question: Is endo-DCR an appropriate procedure for traumatic and non-traumatic dacryostenosis cases? Review method: Literature search was performed with keywords: “dacryostenosis” AND “dacryocystorhinostomy” AND “endoscopy”. Result: The literature search through Cochrane Database, Science Direct, and Springer Link produced 104 published works, and after screening by entering keywords was carried out, resulting in 12 relevant literatures. Selection of the last 5 years produced 2 appropriate journals. Conclusion: Management of traumatic and non-traumatic dacryostenosis with endo-DCR provided excellent result. In these cases, the join operation between Otorhinolaryngologist and Ophthalmologist were very beneficial for the patients.Keywords: dacryostenosis, nasolacrimal duct, endoscopy, dacryocystorhinostomyABSTRAKLatar belakang: Dakriostenosis adalah kondisi obstruksi atau stenosis duktus nasolakrimal sehingga keluar air mata yang berlebihan. Dakriosistorinostomi per endoskopi merupakan prosedur endoskopi untuk penatalaksanaan obstruksi duktus nasolakrimalis. Tujuan: Melaporkan dan menganalisis hasil dakriosistorinostomi per endoskopi pada kasus dakriostenosis yang disebabkan oleh trauma maupun non-trauma. Laporan kasus: Dilaporkan 2 kasus obstruksi duktus nasolakrimalis pada wanita usia 26 tahun dan 63 tahun. Pada pasien dilakukan dakriosistorinostomi per endoskopi, operasi bersama dengan Bagian Ilmu Kesehatan Mata. Setelah follow up 3 bulan, tidak ada epifora dan infeksi pada mata. Dengan pemeriksaan tes anel didapati duktus nasolakrimalis paten. Pertanyaan klinis: Apakah tindakan dakriosistorinostomi per endoskopi merupakan tidakan yang tepat untuk kasus obstruksi duktus nasolakrimalis karena trauma maupun non-trauma? Telaah literatur: Pencarian bukti dilakukan melalui Cohchrane, Science Direct, dan Springer Link. Hasil: Didapatkan 104 literatur yang terkait. Setelah dilakukan skrining diperoleh 12 literatur yang relevan. Pemilihan jurnal 5 tahun terakhir dengan memasukkan kata kunci, diperoleh 2 jurnal yang sesuai. Kesimpulan: Penatalaksanaan dakriostenosis karena trauma ataupun non-trauma, dengan dakriosistorinostomi per endoskopi memberikan hasil yang memuaskan. Pada kedua kasus ini, kerja sama antara dokter spesialis THT-KL dan spesialis Mata memberikan manfaat untuk pasien.Kata kunci: dakriostenosis, duktus nasolakrimalis, endoskopi, dakriosistorinostomi
The role of human leucocyte antigen in nasopharyngeal carcinoma Sukri Rahman; Jenny Tri Yuspita Sari; Debby Apri Grecwin; Al Hafiz
Oto Rhino Laryngologica Indonesiana Vol 52, No 1 (2022): VOLUME 52, NO. 1 JANUARY - JUNE 2022
Publisher : PERHATI-KL

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32637/orli.v52i1.487

Abstract

ABSTRACTBackground: The cause of Nasopharungeal Carcinoma (NPC) is an interaction of multiple factors. The main etiologic factors are Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection which interacts with genetic susceptibility, and environmental factors. The growth of malignancy due to the virus is largely determined by the host immune response. Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) plays a significant role in presenting viral antigens, which is the key in determining the impact of the host immune response against this viral infection. Purpose: To discuss the role of HLA in NPC. Literature review: Individuals with specific HLA alleles may experience a decreased ability to present viral antigens and be less efficient in triggering an immune response against EBV-infected cells resulting in increased susceptibility to NPC and vice versa, so those specific HLA alleles may be protective. Various studies have reported the association of HLA alleles with NPC. The results of these studies are not always consistent. In the study of HLA class I, HLA-A2 and HLA-B46 alleles were the most consistently increasing frequency in NPC, while HLA-A11, HLA-B13, and HLA-B27 alleles were associated with a decreased risk of NPC. The HLA-DRB1*03, *08, *09, and *10 alleles contributed to susceptibility to NPC, while the HLA-DRB1*11 and *12 alleles were protective factors against NPC. Conclusion: Genetic factors are important risk factors for NPC, many studies have consistently reported the role of HLA in the pathogenesis of NPC, where specific HLA alleles cause susceptibility to NPC growth, but several HLA alleles are also associated with a reduced risk of NPC.ABSTRAKLatar belakang: Penyebab terjadinya Karsinoma Nasofaring (KNF) merupakan interaksi dari beberapa faktor. Faktor etiologi utama adalah infeksi virus Epstein-Barr (EBV) yang berinteraksi dengan kerentanan genetik, dan faktor lingkungan. Pertumbuhan keganasan akibat virus sangat ditentukan oleh respon imun host. Human Leucocyte Antigen (HLA) berperan penting dalam penyajian antigen virus, yang merupakan kunci dalam menentukan dampak respon imun host terhadap infeksi virus ini. Tujuan: Membahas peran HLA pada KNF. Tinjauan pustaka: Individu dengan alel HLA spesifik dapat mengalami penurunan kemampuan untuk mempresentasikan antigen virus dan kurang efisien dalam memicu respon imun terhadap sel yang terinfeksi EBV yang mengakibatkan peningkatan kerentanan terhadap KNF dan sebaliknya, sehingga alel HLA tertentu mungkin bersifat protektif. Berbagai penelitian telah melaporkan hubungan alel HLA dengan KNF. Hasil dari berbagai penelitian tersebut tidak selalu konsisten. Pada studi HLA kelas I, alel HLA-A2 dan HLA-B46 adalah yang paling konsisten frekuensinya meningkat pada KNF, sedangkan alel HLA-A11, HLA-B13 dan HLA-B27 dikaitkan dengan penurunan risiko KNF. Alel HLA-DRB1*03, *08, *09 dan *10 berkontribusi terhadap kerentanan terhadap KNF, sedangkan alel HLA-DRB1*11 dan *12 merupakan faktor protektif terhadap KNF. Kesimpulan: Faktor genetik merupakan faktor risiko penting pada KNF, berbagai penelitian konsisten melaporkan peran HLA dalam patogenesis KNF, di mana alel HLA tertentu menyebabkan kerentanan terhadap pertumbuhan KNF, sementara beberapa alel HLA juga terkait dengan penurunan risiko KNF.
Interfragmentary Fixation in Unilateral Zygomaticomaxillary Complex Fractures: Serial Cases Putri Sari Ivanny; Al Hafiz
Oto Rhino Laryngologica Indonesiana Vol 52, No 1 (2022): VOLUME 52, NO. 1 JANUARY - JUNE 2022
Publisher : PERHATI-KL

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32637/orli.v52i1.373

Abstract

ABSTRACTBackground: Zygomaticomaxillary complex (ZMC) is an integral part of the facial skeleton inanterolateral prominence thus makes it prone to injury. Common etiologies include motor vehicleaccidents, industrial accidents, sport injuries and interpersonal violence. Interfragmentary fixationtechnique is one of the surgery procedures for ZMC fracture. Purpose: To perform interfragmentaryfixation through subtarsal and extended subciliary incision on young and aged patients. Case Report:Reported cases of unilateral zygomaticomaxillary fracture in 75 years old male and 37 years oldfemale. Clinical Question: Does interfragmentary fixation using mini plates and screws provide goodresults on face reconstruction of ZMC fractures? Method: Literature searching was performed throughCochrane database, PubMed, Clinical Key and Google Scholar. Result: The search obtained 65literatures which were published in the last 10 years, and found 26 articles relevant with the topic.Conclusion: Interfragmentary fixation technique is one of surgery procedures for ZMC fractures thatgives satisfactory results in terms of function and aesthetics. ABSTRAKLatar belakang: Kompleks zigomatico maksilaris (KZM) merupakan bagian integral tulangwajah pada anterolateral, menonjol dan cembung sehingga rentan terhadap cedera. Sebagian besarfraktur KZM terjadi akibat kecelakaan lalu lintas, kecelakaan kerja, kecelakaan saat berolahraga dankekerasan interpersonal. Teknik fiksasi inter fragmen merupakan salah satu pilihan tindakan operatifpada fraktur KZM. Tujuan: Melakukan teknik fiksasi inter fragmen dengan pendekatan insisisubtarsal dan insisi sub siliar berlanjut pada pasien muda dan usia lanjut. Laporan Kasus:Dilaporkan dua kasus fraktur KZM unilateral pada pasien laki-laki usia 75 tahun dan perempuanusia 37 tahun. Pertanyaan klinis: Apakah fiksasi inter fragmen menggunakan plat dan sekrup (plateand screw) memberikan hasil yang baik pada rekonstruksi wajah fraktur KZM? Metode: Penelusuranliteratur dilakukan melalui Cochrane database, PubMed, Clinicalkey dan Google Scholar. Hasil:Ditemukan 65 literatur yang diterbitkan dalam 10 tahun terakhir, dan didapatkan 26 artikel yangrelevan dengan topik yang dibahas. Kesimpulan: Teknik fiksasi inter fragmen merupakan salah satupilihan tindakan operatif pada fraktur KZM.
Financing hearing aids for patients with congenital deafness in Indonesia Indra Zachreini; Jenny Bashiruddin; Semiramis Zizlavsky; Susyana Tamin; Harim Priyono; Ika Dwi Mayangsari; Widayat Alviandi; Natasha Supartono; Damayanti Soetjipto; Respati Ranakusuma; Heditya Damayanti; Dina Alia; Tengku Siti Hajar Haryuna; Juliandi Harahap; Nirza Warto; Hidayatul Fitria
Oto Rhino Laryngologica Indonesiana Vol 52, No 1 (2022): VOLUME 52, NO. 1 JANUARY - JUNE 2022
Publisher : PERHATI-KL

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32637/orli.v52i1.550

Abstract

ABSTRACTBackground: The appropriate management of patients with congenital deafness is installing hearing aids, either external hearing aids or implanted in the ear (cochlear implant), aiming to reduce the medical and social burden, besides improving the quality of life of the sufferers. Objective: To ascertain the cost of hearing aids in patients with congenital deafness, in the form of external hearing aids or cochlear implants. Method: A descriptive study with cross-sectional design using questionnaires through interviews. The sample size was 535 mothers whose children had congenital deafness at 24 hospitals with facilities for establishing a diagnosis of congenital deafness in 17 provinces in Indonesia. Result: Most respondents were aged 30-39 years (55%), occupations were housewives (71.8%), and education level was high school (52.5%). The type of hearing aid used mostly was external (92.7%), with 45.9% paid by personal expense. The surgically planted hearing aids in 22 children was mostly cochlear implants (95.5%), which were financed by the Indonesian Healthcare and Social Security Agency (BPJS) plus personal costs (50%). Discussion: This study found that the most common type of hearing aid used by children with hearing impairments was external hearing aids (92.7%) through independent financing (45.9%). Only 7.3% of patients chose surgery in hearing habilitation, and 95.5% were cochlear implants. The small percentage of surgery were due to the high-priced of cochlear implants, and the government did not cover all financial expenses. Conclusion: Most external hearing aids were paid independently-out-of-pocket, while cochlear implant surgeries were funded by BPJS, plus extra costs independently. ABSTRAKLatar belakang: Penatalaksanaan terbaik untuk penderita tuli kongenital adalah pemasangan alat bantu dengar (ABD), baik berupa ABD eksternal maupun ABD yang ditanam dalam telinga (implan koklea), dengan tujuan untuk mengurangi beban medis dan sosial, serta meningkatkan kualitas hidup penderita. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui seberapa besar biaya pemasangan ABD pada penderita tuli kongenital, baik berupa ABD eksternal maupun implan koklea. Metode: Penelitian deskriptif dengan rancangan cross sectional study menggunakan kuesioner melalui wawancara. Besar sampel 535 ibu yang anaknya menderita tuli kongenital pada 24 rumah sakit yang memiliki fasilitas penegakkan diagnosis tuli kongenital di 17 provinsi di Indonesia. Hasil: Sebagian besar responden berusia 30-39 tahun (55%), pekerjaan terbanyak adalah ibu rumah tangga (71.8%), dan tingkat pendidikan SMA (52.5%). Jenis ABD yang terbanyak adalah ABD eksternal (92,7%) dengan pembiayaan secara mandiri 45,9%. Pemasangan ABD dengan tindakan operasi dilakukan pada 22 anak, yang terbanyak adalah implan koklea (95,5%) yang dibiayai oleh Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial (BPJS) ditambah dengan biaya sendiri (50%). Diskusi: Penelitian ini mendapati bahwa ABD yang terbanyak digunakan oleh anak dengan gangguan pendengaran adalah ABD eksternal (92,7%) dengan biaya mandiri (45,9%). Habilitasi pendengaran dengan tindakan operasi hanya dilakukan pada 7,3% pasien, berupa implantasi koklea 95,5%. Kecilnya persentase habilitasi bedah dikarenakan tingginya harga implant koklea, dan bantuan dari BPJS tidak meliputi keseluruhan biaya. Kesimpulan: Sebagian besar pembiayaan alat bantu dengar eksternal secara mandiri, sedangkan operasi implan koklea menggunakan biaya BPJS ditambah biaya sendiri.
Relationship between stunting and clinical ear, nose and throat disorders Aryo Mandraguna Wibowo; Arif Dermawan; Ratna Anggraeni
Oto Rhino Laryngologica Indonesiana Vol 52, No 1 (2022): VOLUME 52, NO. 1 JANUARY - JUNE 2022
Publisher : PERHATI-KL

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32637/orli.v52i1.486

Abstract

ABSTRACTBackground: Stunting is an impediment marker for child welfare. Based on the United Nations Nutrition report, in 2018, as many as 50.5 million children worldwide under the age of 5 years were wasting and 150.8 million were stunting. Stunting is associated with morbidity, mortality, stunted-child- development, decreased learning capacity, increased risk of infection, and decreased productivity. Until now, stunting is still a problem in many countries, including Indonesia which calls for serious solution. Stunting is associated with deficiencies of micronutrients such as vitamins A, D, zinc and iron resulting in impaired physical development and decreased immune system. In the field of ORL-HNS, stunting in toddlers could cause various disorders such as impaired hearing development, otitis media, rhinitis, and tonsillitis. Purpose: To describe the relationship between stunting and clinical abnormalities occurrence in the ORL-HNS, to increase awareness of stunting prevention and the related ORL-HNS disorders, and to be a reference for further research of ORL-HNS disorders in stunting patients. Literature review: Stunting or failure to thrive is a condition that describes a chronic undernutrition status during a child’s growth and development since the beginning of life, which is represented by a z-score of height for age less than minus two standard deviations based on the WHO growth standard curve. Conclusion: Stunting is a condition caused by an unbalanced nutritional intake during the golden period, not by growth hormone abnormalities, nor by certain diseases. Micronutrient deficiency could have a role in the occurrence of several clinical abnormalities of ORL-HNS in stunting children.ABSTRAKLatar belakang: Stunting merupakan penanda untuk kesejahteraan anak. Berdasarkan laporan United Nations Nutrition pada tahun 2018 sebanyak 50,5 juta anak di seluruh dunia yang berusia di bawah 5 tahun mengalami wasting dan sebanyak 150,8 juta mengalami stunting. Stunting berhubungan dengan morbiditas, mortalitas, terhambatnya perkembangan anak, penurunan kapasitas belajar, peningkatan risiko infeksi, dan penurunan produktivitas. Hingga saat ini, stunting masih menjadi salah satu permasalahan yang perlu diperhatikan di banyak negara, termasuk di Indonesia. Stunting berhubungan dengan defisiensi mikronutrien seperti vitamin A, D, zink dan zat besi yang berakibat terganggunya perkembangan fisik dan penurunan sistem imunitas. Di bidang THT-KL, stunting pada balita diduga dapat menimbulkan berbagai kelainan seperti gangguan perkembangan pendengaran, otitis media, rinitis, dan tonsilitis. Tujuan: Untuk menggambarkan adanya hubungan stunting dengan terjadinya kelainan klinis di bidang THT–KL, meningkatkan kewaspadaan untuk mencegah stunting dan    kelainan THT-KL yang berhubungan dengan stunting, serta dapat menjadi rujukan penelitian lebih lanjut mengenai prevalensi gangguan THT-KL pada pasien dengan stunting. Tinjauan pustaka: Stunting atau gagal tumbuh adalah suatu kondisi yang menggambarkan status gizi kurang yang memiliki sifat kronis pada masa pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak sejak awal masa kehidupan yang dipresentasikan dengan nilai z-score tinggi badan menurut umur kurang dari minus dua standar deviasi berdasarkan kurva standar pertumbuhan WHO. Kesimpulan: Stunting merupakan kondisi yang disebabkan oleh kurang seimbangnya asupan gizi pada masa periode emas, bukan disebabkan oleh kelainan hormon  pertumbuhan maupun akibat dari penyakit tertentu. Hasil dari beberapa penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa defisiensi mikronutrien dapat berperan terhadap terjadinya beberapa kelainan klinis THT–KL pada anak dengan stunting.

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