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Oto Rhino Laryngologica Indonesiana
Published by Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Telinga Hidung dan Tenggorok Bedah Kepala Leher Indonesia
ISSN : 02163667     EISSN : 25983970     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology
Journal Othorhinolaryngologica Indonesiana is a peer-reviewed and open access journal that focuses on promoting otorhinolaryngology-head and neck surgery that publishes research reports, case reports, and literature reviews, to increase knowledge and updating diagnostics procedurs on otorhinolaryngology-head and neck surgery.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 505 Documents
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Autonomic dysfunction in allergic rhinitis assessed by heart rate variability Irawati, Nina; Poerbonegoro, Niken Lestari; Azzahroh, Faiza; Hanrahan, Joanna Erin
Oto Rhino Laryngologica Indonesiana Vol. 55 No. 2 (2025): VOLUME 55, NO. 2 JULY - DECEMBER 2025
Publisher : PERHATI-KL

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32637/orli.v55i2.745

Abstract

Background: Allergic rhinitis is a chronic inflammatory condition of the nose mediated by IgE, characterized by symptoms such as nasal congestion, rhinorrhea, repeated sneezing, and nasal itching. Autonomic nervous system dysfunction is a significant factor in the pathophysiology of allergic rhinitis. Purpose: To evaluate autonomic nervous system dysfunction in allergic rhinitis patients using heart rate variability. Case report: A 28-year-old woman with allergic rhinitis who underwent heart rate variability testing, revealed increased parasympathetic nervous system activity. Method: The study involved a literature search through PubMed, EBSCO, Scopus, and ScienceDirect, with screening based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The selected literatures were critically reviewed using the Oxford Centre for Evidence-based Medicine’s criteria for Etiology Studies. Result: Two cross-sectional studies were identified that matched the case report’s PICO and eligibility criteria. Those studies showed patterns of autonomic nervous system dysfunction, marked by increased parasympathetic and decreased sympathetic activity in allergic rhinitis patients. Conclusion: The findings suggested that autonomic nervous system dysfunction played a role in the pathophysiology of allergic rhinitis, as evidenced by changes in heart rate variability.
Otoplasty in Children with Prominent Ears: A Scoping Review Handari, Eva Tami; Koento, Trimartani
Oto Rhino Laryngologica Indonesiana Vol. 55 No. 2 (2025): VOLUME 55, NO. 2 JULY - DECEMBER 2025
Publisher : PERHATI-KL

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32637/orli.v55i2.750

Abstract

Background: Prominent ears are one of the most common facial deformities in children. Although primarily a cosmetic issue, this condition can have significant social and psychological impacts on children, leading to the need for otoplasty at an early age. Otoplasty, a corrective surgical procedure, has undergone various innovations aimed at achieving satisfactory aesthetic outcomes, while minimizing complications. Purpose: To convey surgical techniques used in otoplasty for children with prominent ears. Case report: A 5-year-old patient presented with complaints of absent external auditory canals and prominent ears. The patient was diagnosed with bilateral auricular atresia, and prominent ears. The parents also reported speech delay in their child. Otoplasty was performed using the latest technique, with adjustments to the antihelical fold and reduction of conchal projection. Result: Following otoplasty using the newly introduced setback otoplasty technique described by Raunig, the patient demonstrated significant improvement in the aesthetic appearance of the ears with a more harmonious projection. Postoperative complications were minimal, with no signs of infection or residual deformity. The patient also continued postoperative speech therapy to address the speech delay. Conclusion: Advances in otoplasty with the New Concept Rauning technique had proven effective in correcting prominent ear deformities in children, yielding favorable aesthetic outcomes, with minimal complications. Early otoplasty can correct ear shape abnormalities and improve the child’s quality of life, both cosmetically and psychosocially.
The suitability of patient’s little finger diameter and middle finger lenght to the trachea diameter in predicting the tracheostomy cannula size: - Fitria, Sova; -, Lily Setiani; Kurnia, Benny
Oto Rhino Laryngologica Indonesiana Vol. 55 No. 2 (2025): VOLUME 55, NO. 2 JULY - DECEMBER 2025
Publisher : PERHATI-KL

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32637/orli.v55i2.757

Abstract

Background: A tracheostomy is a temporary or permanent opening of the trachea followed by a cannula insertion to secure the airway, a common life-saving procedure in otorhinolaryngology. However, tracheostomy cannula sizes vary significantly across manufacturers, with no standardized numbering system, complicating the selection of an appropriate size. The tracheal ring is made of cartilage, particularly in the fingers, is used as a marker for cartilage growth in the trachea. Purpose: This study aims to assess the suitability of little finger diameter and middle finger length to diameter of the trachea in order to predict the tracheostomy cannula size. Methode: This observational analytical study using a cross-sectional design, analyzing patients who underwent tracheostomy and met specific inclusion criteria. Measurements included the little finger diameter, middle finger length, and intraoperative anterolateral tracheal diameter. Data analysis was performed using Pearson and Spearman correlation tests. Result: Among 24 participants, adults accounted for 83.3% of cases, while children 16.7%, with a mean age of 54.5 years. The incidence of tracheostomy was more common in males (70.8%) and upper airway obstruction as the main indication (83,3%). The study identified a positive correlation between little finger diameter and tracheal internal diameter (r = 0.496, p < 0.05). Conversely, no significant correlation was observed between middle finger length and tracheal diameter (r = 0.318, p > 0.05). Conclusion: little finger diameter demonstrates potential as a predictor for tracheostomy cannula size, reflecting the internal tracheal diameter. Keywords: Tracheal diameter, little finger diameter, middle finger length, Tracheostomy cannula.
Alat Penilaian Disfungsi Penciuman: Tinjauan Sistematis Dinda Amalia; Heri Kristianto; Rinik Eko Kapti
Oto Rhino Laryngologica Indonesiana Vol. 56 No. 1 (2026): VOLUME 56, NO. 1 JANUARY - JUNE 2026
Publisher : PERHATI-KL

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32637/orli.v56i1.694

Abstract

Background: The sense of smell plays a vital role in detecting odors and influences daily functioning and quality of life. Olfactory function can be assessed using subjective approaches, including self-reported questionnaires for individuals with olfactory disorders. Purpose: To summarize and categorize existing olfactory-related scales and questionnaires, based on previous research. Method: A systematic search was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines using ScienceDirect, ProQuest, and PubMed. Studies published between 2014 and 2024 were screened based on predefined criteria, and 10 eligible articles were included. Result: The instruments were classified into three categories: assessment of olfactory function and dysfunction; olfaction-related quality of life; and attitudes, emotional responses, and the perceived importance of smell. Reported reliability values ranged from acceptable to excellent, with Cronbach’s alpha coefficients between 0.65 and 0.98. Olfactory Disorders Questionnaire (ODQ) and the Taste and Smell Tool for Evaluation (TASTE) consist of more than 30 items, and may require longer completion time, which limiting routine clinical use, and provide limited evidence of predictive validity for evaluating the effectiveness of clinical interventions. Conclusion: This review highlighted a wide range of validated olfactory-related questionnaires, emphasizing the affective, emotional, and quality-of-life impacts of olfactory dysfunction. These instruments offer valuable subjective insights, which can complement objective olfactory testing in clinical practice and research
Image-based artificial intelligence for otitis media effusion diagnosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis Dwi Khoirriyani; Nova Nasikhatussoray; Muyassaroh Muyassaroh
Oto Rhino Laryngologica Indonesiana Vol. 56 No. 1 (2026): VOLUME 56, NO. 1 JANUARY - JUNE 2026
Publisher : PERHATI-KL

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32637/orli.v56i1.702

Abstract

Background: Otitis media with effusion (OME) is one of the most common ear conditions encountered in primary healthcare, particularly in facilities without supporting audiometry or tympanometry. OME is often misdiagnosed or delayed in treatment because it requires specialised skills to interpret otoscopic findings. Artificial Intelligence (AI) can help to simplify the diagnosis of OME so that appropriate management can be provided immediately. Purpose: To determine the performance of AI based on otoscope results in the diagnosis of OME. Method: A systematic review search based on the PRISMA flowchart was conducted in three databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library, ScienceDirect) until July 2024. Data extraction was performed to assess the sensitivity and specificity of AI for the diagnosis of OME. The risk of bias was assessed using QUADAS-2. All data were analyzed using Review Manager 5.4 and MetaDTA 2.0. Result: Twelve studies with 20,452 otoscope results were included in this review. The meta-analysis showed that AI based on otoscope results had a high sensitivity of 0.93 (95% CI; 0.87- 0.96), and a high specificity of 0.96 (95% CI; 0.94-0.98). In pediatric patients, this otoscope-based AI was also shown to diagnose OME with high sensitivity and specificity of 0.93 (95% CI; 0.64-0.99); 0.94 (95% CI; 0.86-0.97). Conclusion: AI demonstrates high sensitivity and specificity performance for the diagnosis of OME in both adult and pediatric patients. AI shows promising potential to help identify OME in primary care settings before referral for further management, and to avoid unnecessary antibiotic use. Further research is needed.
Temuan Chromoendoscoy pada Espfagoskopi Diagnostik: Sebuah Serial Kasus Puspa Zuleika; Adelien Adelien; Eriza Eriza; Daniel Bramantyo
Oto Rhino Laryngologica Indonesiana Vol. 56 No. 1 (2026): VOLUME 56, NO. 1 JANUARY - JUNE 2026
Publisher : PERHATI-KL

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32637/orli.v56i1.741

Abstract

Background: Patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) carry a significant risk for potential spread of malignancy to the aerodigestive tract. Lugol chromoendoscopy is a well-established image-enhanced technique that increases the sensitivity for detecting early synchronous esophageal squamous cell neoplasms (ESCNs) by selectively staining normal glycogen-rich epithelium brown, leaving dysplastic or malignant areas unstained. Purpose: To describe the findings of chromoendoscopy during diagnostic esophagoscopy in three patients diagnosed with laryngeal carcinoma, who were scheduled for total laryngectomy as a follow-up treatment. Case reports: We presented three cases of male patients diagnosed with Stage III laryngeal carcinoma. Case 1 and case 2 were scheduled for primary total laryngectomy. Case 3 was scheduled for total laryngectomy following post-chemoradiotherapy recurrence. All patients underwent diagnostic esophagoscopy to evaluate potential esophageal extension. Clinical question: “Is chromoendoscopy highly sensitive in detecting malignant spread in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma in the esophageal area?” Method: Literature search was conducted using key word “ chromoendoscopy” AND ”esophagoscopy” AND ”esophagus” AND ”therapy” in PubMed and Google Scholars. Exclusion criteria included articles published before the year 2000. Result: A total 30 articles relevant to this topic, and nine could be used as refferences. Conclusion: Chromoendoscopy is a highly effective diagnostic tool in the preoperative workup of laryngeal carcinoma patients. It significantly enhances the detection of both synchronous esophageal lesions and malignant extensions, enabling more precise surgical planning and comprehensive management, before major interventions such as total laryngectomy.
Dari Simulasi ke Praktik: Pengaruh Robotika Berbasis AI terhadap Pendidikan Medis dalam Bedah Kepala dan Leher. Rizki Saputra; Ricvan Dana Nindrea; Maudi Octarini Ezeddin; Yosa Tamiya Marisa
Oto Rhino Laryngologica Indonesiana Vol. 56 No. 1 (2026): VOLUME 56, NO. 1 JANUARY - JUNE 2026
Publisher : PERHATI-KL

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32637/orli.v56i1.756

Abstract

Background: Robotic surgery has become increasingly relevant in head and neck procedures, offering enhanced precision, improved access to anatomically complex regions, and favorable functional and cosmetic outcomes. Technological advances, including the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and the emergence of novel platforms, have expanded the scope of minimally invasive surgery in Otolaryngology. However, disparities in access, training, and evidence quality, remain barriers to widespread adoption. Purpose: To evaluate the current impact of robotic surgery in head and neck surgery by synthesizing recent evidence on its clinical applications, technological development, training infrastructure, and future directions. Method: A narrative literature review was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases to identify peer-reviewed articles published between January 2010 and February 2025. Ten studies were selected based on relevance to robotic surgery in head and neck procedures. Data were extracted regarding study design, participants, intervention, outcomes, and thematic contributions. Result: The reviewed studies consistently demonstrated that robotic surgery was feasible and safe for transoral procedures, neck dissections, and pediatric cases. New platforms like Versius and KD-SR-01 showed potential for improved accessibility and usability. Key barriers included high cost, limited training availability, and lack of randomized controlled trials. AI applications remain largely theoretical with minimal clinical integration. Conclusion: Robotic surgery in head and neck practice is advancing with strong clinical promise. Future efforts must focus on cost-effectiveness, standardized training, and translational research to optimize access and impact, especially in under-resourced settings
Comparison sensitivity of 1% clotrimazole and 2% acetic acid to patient’s otomycosis isolates Feby Valentin Ginting; Indri Adriztina; Yoan Carolina Panggabean; Yunilda Andriyani
Oto Rhino Laryngologica Indonesiana Vol. 56 No. 1 (2026): VOLUME 56, NO. 1 JANUARY - JUNE 2026
Publisher : PERHATI-KL

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32637/orli.v56i1.758

Abstract

Background: Otomycosis is a challenge in the medical field, because it requires long-term treatment and follow-up and has a high recurrence rate. In the administration of otomycosis therapy, there are various problems, such as the occurrence of resistance, difficulty in drug application, and requires a long period of time for management. Therefore, choosing the right treatment regimen is very important, so as to reduce the level of resistance caused by the fungus that causes otomycosis. Purpose: To compare the sensitivity of 1% clotrimazole cream and 2% acetic acid solution to fungal isolates of otomycosis patients. Method: This study used true experimental design in vitro with post-test only control group design. Sampling was done by total sampling method during the August-November 20215. Eleven samples were obtained and tested on 3 treatment groups with repetition 3 times, so there was a total of 33 specimens studied. Result: The statistical calculations with the Kruskal-Wallis test from 11 samples tested, obtained a p value < 0.05 which indicated that there was a significant difference in the sensitivity of 1% clotrimazole cream and 2% acetic acid solution. Conclusion: The sensitivity of 1% clotrimazole cream and 2% acetic acid solution has a significant difference on fungal isolates of otomycosis patients
Hubungan Pola Kuman Dan Length Of Stay Pada Pasien Abses Leher Dalam di Rsup Prof. Ngoerah Denpasar Ayu Damayanthi; I Dewa Gede Arta Eka Putra; I Wayan Sucipta; Agus Rudi Asthuta; Made Lely Rahayu; Komang Andi Dwi Saputra
Oto Rhino Laryngologica Indonesiana Vol. 56 No. 1 (2026): VOLUME 56, NO. 1 JANUARY - JUNE 2026
Publisher : PERHATI-KL

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32637/orli.v56i1.759

Abstract

Background: Deep neck abscess is a potentially life-threatening disorder, if not managed appropriately. Identification of the causative bacterial and factors influencing the length of hospital stay (LOS), essential for optimizing treatment strategies. Purpose: To evaluate the correlation between bacterial patterns and LOS in patients with deep neck space abscesses at Prof. Ngoerah General Hospital, Denpasar. Method: Observational analytic study with a retrospective cross-sectional design design. Data were obtained from medical records of patients diagnosed with deep neck abscess between January 2021 and December 2023, who met the inclusion criteria. Variables collected included patient characteristics, bacterial pattern based on culture results, and duration of hospitalization. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to analyze differences in LOS between bacterial groups, as the data were not normally distributed. Result: A total of 44 patients met the inclusion criteria, consisting of 27 males (61.4%) and 17 females (38.6%), with a mean age of 45.86±15.89 years. The most common diagnosis was submandibular abscess (52.3%). The distribution of bacterial pattern nearly equal between Gram-positive (47.7%) and Gram-negative (52.3%) organisms. The mean LOS in patients with Gram-negative infections was 8.70±4.92 days, compared with 6.48±4.17 days in those with Gram-positive infections. The Mann-Whitney U test demonstrated a statistically significant difference between the two groups (p < 0.05). Conclusion: There was a significant association between bacterial pattern and LOS in patients with deep neck abscess in this research. Gram-negative bacteria tend to result in longer hospitalization compared to those caused by Gram-positif bacteria.
Association of IRF6 and rs22355371 polymorphism mutation with risk of non-syndromic orofacial cleft Al Hafiz; Benni Raymond; Hirowati Ali; Husna Yetti; Dolly Irfandy; Fauzia Latifah Supriyadi
Oto Rhino Laryngologica Indonesiana Vol. 56 No. 1 (2026): VOLUME 56, NO. 1 JANUARY - JUNE 2026
Publisher : PERHATI-KL

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32637/orli.v56i1.761

Abstract

Background: Non-syndromic orofacial cleft (NSOFC) is a congenital abnormality characterized by incomplete division of the oral and nasal cavities, with no other abnormalities present. NSOFC is the result of disruptions in the normal biomolecular processes of craniofacial development. Many genes have been linked to NSOFC, one of them is IRF6 gene. Purpose: To investigate the association of IRF6 gene and incident of rs22355371 mutation, with the risk of developing NSOFC. Method: A cross-sectional comparative study, conducted in DR M Djamil General Hospital Padang Indonesia from September 2024 to November 2024 involving 13 lip or palate tissues from patient with NSOFC, and 13 maxillary crest from controls. Expression of IRF6 was examined with real time polymerase chain reaction (RT PCR) and the segment of rs22355371 was examined with Sanger sequencing. Result: IRF6 gene expression was shown to have a median value of 129.3 in NSOFC patients, and 252.5 in controls. This indicated that IRF6 gene expressions were lower in NSOFC patients. The Mann Whitney test was performed had it can be concluded that there is no statistically significant relation between IRF6 gene expression between NSOFC patients and controls with a p value = 0.174 (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Compared to controls, NSOFC patients had decreased levels of IRF6 gene expression and we found rs22355371 polymorphism either in NSOFC patient or controls.

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