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Majalah Kedokteran Andalas
Published by Universitas Andalas
ISSN : 01262092     EISSN : 24425230     DOI : https://doi.org/10.25077
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas (MKA) (p-ISSN: 0126-2092, e-ISSN: 2442-5230) is a peer-reviewed, open-access national journal published by Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas and is dedicated to publish and disseminate research articles, literature reviews, and case reports, in the field of medicine and health, and other related disciplines
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 14 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 46, No 7 (2023): Supplementary December 2023" : 14 Documents clear
THE POTENTIAL OF JAMBU KELING (Syzigium cumini) LEAVES AS A CANDIDATE FOR HYPERTENSION HERBAL THERAPY: A REVIEW Refa Rahmaddiansyah; Faishal Arif Kurniawan; Muhammad Zidan Amriza; Rauza Sukma Rita
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol 46, No 7 (2023): Supplementary December 2023
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/mka.v46.i7.p1186-1193.2023

Abstract

Hypertension or elevated blood pressure is a serious medical condition that significantly increases the risks of heart, brain, kidney, and other diseases. The number of adults with hypertension increased day by day. Certain health conditions, such as diabetes and obesity, can also increase the risk of developing hypertension. The treatment of hypertension is lifestyle changes and medication. Patient with hypertension usually does not take their medication due to its side effects and expensive cost. Herbal therapy is very much developed lately, due to its low price, abundant availability in nature, and minimum side effects. The objective of this study is to find out the potential of Syzigium cumini leaves as a candidate for hypertension herbal therapy. This research is a literature review study using secondary data from related research. Syzigium cumini leaves contain flavonoids and/or triterpenes that exert antihypertensive effects through the combination of the vasodilatory and antioxidant activities of these classes of compounds. Syzygium cumini leaves reduce the blood pressure and heart rate of spontaneously hypertensive rats in some in vivo and in vitro studies. This antihypertensive effect is probably due to the inhibition of arterial tone by the blockade of extracellular Ca2+ influx. Keywords: Syzygium cumini, Hypertension, Herbal therapy.
Diet Rendah Protein pada Gagal Ginjal Kronik Evynatra Evynatra; Delmi Sulastri
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol 46, No 7 (2023): Supplementary December 2023
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/mka.v46.i7.p1205-1216.2023

Abstract

Tujuan: Menyediakan informasi mengenai diet rendah protein pada gagal ginjal kronik. Metode: Penulisan artikel ini menggunakan metode literature review. Sumber yang dipakai berupa artikel dari jurnal internasional. Artikel diambil dalam menggunakan Bahasa Inggris. Pencarian sumber artikel menggunakan bantuan mesin pencari Google Scholar dan PubMed. Hasil: Diet rendah protein (Low Protein Diet/LPD, 0,6-0,8 g/kg/hari) dan bahkan diet protein sangat rendah (Very-Low Protein Diet/vLPD, 0,3-0,4 g/kg/hari) direkomendasikan untuk pasien CKD. Diet rendah protein (Low Protein Diet/LPD) memiliki banyak keunggulan dalam pengelolaan pasien CKD dengan mengurangi produk limbah nitrogen dan mengurangi beban kerja ginjal melalui penurunan tekanan intraglomerular, yang memiliki efek protektif ginjal, terutama pada mereka yang memiliki cadangan fungsi nefron yang berkurang. Kesimpulan: Pengelolaan pasien Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) dengan diet protein rendah (LPD) telah diidentifikasi sebagai strategi potensial untuk mengendalikan gejala uremik dan komplikasi metabolik, serta menunda kebutuhan untuk dialisis. Meskipun memiliki manfaat potensial, keberatan terkait Protein-Energy Wasting (PEW) telah membatasi adopsi luas strategi ini di kalangan klinisi. Penting untuk menekankan bahwa penerapan LPD memerlukan pemantauan gizi yang ketat. Sebuah pendekatan multidisiplin, melibatkan spesialis seperti dokter, perawat, ahli gizi, dan pekerja sosial, diperlukan untuk memastikan keberhasilan dan keamanan penerapan LPD dalam pengelolaan pasien CKD.
The Impact of Pulmonary Rehabilitation on Advanced Stage Lung Cancer Patients Receiving Chemotherapy or Radiotherapy: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Yelsa Yulanda Putri; Suyastri Suyastri; Siti Maryani
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol 46, No 7 (2023): Supplementary December 2023
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/mka.v46.i7.p1229-1242.2023

Abstract

Objective: This study aims to analyze the efficacy of pulmonary rehabilitation on exercise capacity, lung function, and quality of life (QoL) in advanced lung cancer. Method: This Systematic Review and meta-analysis were conducted based on Randomized Clinical Trials and Prospective articles obtained through searches in PubMed, Google Scholar, Europe PMC, and Cochrane Library. The review focuses on the predetermined topic. The quality of the study was assessed by the Jadad scale for clinical trial studies and Newcastle Ottawa Scale for Cohort. Statistical analysis was done using Review Manager 5.4 software. Result: A total of 6 RCT studies with 251 participants were included in this meta‐analysis. Patients with lung cancer who have received chemotherapy and or radiation therapy and undergo pulmonary rehabilitation programs have a significant impact on exercise capacity The Six Minute Walk Test (MD=72.06  [95% CI 25.45, 118.67], p=0.002), Forced Expiratory Volume (MD=13.03 [95% CI 0.18,25.89], p= 0.05), Forced Vital Capacity (MD=12.44 [95% CI 0.58, 24.30], p= 0.04) dan HRQoL Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Lung Cancer Subscale (MD=1.64  [95% CI 0.07,3.21], p= 0.04). Conclusion: Our study suggests that pulmonary rehabilitation impact exercise capacity (6MWT), improvement in lung function, and quality of life.Keywords: Lung cancer; Pulmonary Rehabilitation; Chemotherapy; Radiotherapy
Hubungan tingkat aktivitas fisik dengan status gizi mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Unand pada pandemi COVID-19 Afi Putra Perdana Nurullah; Desmawati Desmawati; Abdiana Abdiana; Rauza Sukma Rita; Fathiyyatul Khaira; Elmatris Elmatris
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol 46, No 7 (2023): Supplementary December 2023
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/mka.v46.i7.p1152-1163.2023

Abstract

Objective: To determine the relationship between levels of physical activity and the nutritional status of the year 2019 undergraduate medical students at Andalas University during the COVID-19 pandemic; Method: This study was a quantitative study using a cross-sectional method with 151 respondents held in September 2022 at Medical Faculty Andalas University. The study used an IPAQ-short form questionnaire to ensure the levels of physical activities and direct anthropometry to measure the nutritional status. Analysis between the physical activity data and the nutritional status data was tested using the Pearson chi-square test; Result: The result of the study showed that 42,4% of respondents have low physical activity, 44,4% of respondents have normal nutritional status, the chi-square test between physical activity and nutritional status of was p=0,349; Conclusion: there was no significant relationship between levels of physical activity and the nutritional status of undergraduate medical students at Andalas University during the COVID-19 pandemic. It is suggested that improving physical activity amongst undergraduate students is highly encouraged as it prevents non-communicable diseases. 
Time and Concentration-dependent Cytotoxicity of Piperine on Hela Cells Sri Oktavia; Arni Amir; Fatma Sri Wahyuni; Hasmiwati Hasmiwati
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol 46, No 7 (2023): Supplementary December 2023
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/mka.v46.i7.p1174-1179.2023

Abstract

Piperine, the primary alkaloid of Piper nigrum and Piper longum, is believed to have anticancer properties. Although research on cervical cancer is still in its early stages, piperine's anticancer capabilities have been established in numerous types of cancer and have been shown to target pathways involved in the cell cycle and apoptosis. This study aims to determine how piperine administration time and concentration affect the viability of Hela cells. The MTT method was used to conduct this study. The concentration of piperine utilized was 1,000; 500; 250; 125, and 62.5 µg/mL, and it was administered for 24 and 48 hours. The IC50 values, obtained after incubation for 24 and 48 hours, were 711.21 µg/mL and 419.75 µg/mL, respectively. We may conclude that the viability of HeLa cells is influenced by piperine in a time- and concentration-dependent manner (p<0.05).
Deteksi crypstosporidium sp. pada pasien dengan kanker kolorektal Sri Wahyuni Handayani; Nuzulia Irawati; Djong Hon Tjong; Tofrizal Tofrizal; Elli Firdamila
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol 46, No 7 (2023): Supplementary December 2023
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/mka.v46.i7.p%p.2023

Abstract

Cryptosporidium sp. adalah parasit obligat intraseluler yang menyerang sel epitel usus. Infeksinya mengakibatkan diare, malnutrisi, dehidrasi dan cedera usus terutama pada orang dengan gangguan imunitas. Tingginya infeksi Cryptosporidium pada pasien HIV-AIDS pada penelitian  sebelumnya menandakan sumber infeksi yang tinggi di lingkungan. Cryptosporidium dilaporkan memiliki hubungan dengan kanker kolorektal baru-baru ini. Tujuan: tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui prevalensi infeksi Cryptosporidium pada pasien dengan kanker kolorektal. Metode: metode yang digunakan observasional dengan desain cross-sectional study pada 43 pasien kanker kolorektal yang sesuai dengan kriteria yaitu pasien yang baru didiagnosis dan belum mendapatkan terapi onkologis. Pengumpulan sampel feses dilakukan dari bulan April hingga Agustus 2023. Pemeriksaan ookista dilakukan secara mikroskopik dengan pewarnaan tahan asam modifikasi ziehl neelsen. Hasil: hasil penelitian didapatkan 46,5% (20/43) pasien positif terinfeksi Cryptosporidium. Kesimpulan: kesimpulan hasil penelitian, infeksi Cryptosporidium tinggi pada pasien kanker kolorektal, terutama pada lokasi kanker rektum. Penelitian lebih lanjut untuk mengetahui spesies Cryptosporidium diperlukan untuk mengetahui  rute penularan dan sumber infeksi.
Hubungan antara kepatuhan minum obat anti tuberkulosis dan kualitas hidup pasien TB paru Sri Hotnatiury Panjaitan
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol 46, No 7 (2023): Supplementary December 2023
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/mka.v46.i7.p1164-1173.2023

Abstract

Tujuan: Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kepatuhan minum obat anti tuberkulosis dan kualitas hidup pasien TB paru di Kecamatan Pontianak Barat Kota Pontianak. Metode: Studi analitik observasional jenis cross sectional. Populasi penelitian adalah pasien TB paru yang menerima pengobatan di Pusat Kesehatan Masyarakat  yang ada di Kecamatan Pontianak Barat Kota Pontianak yang dipilih menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dengan subjek penelitian sebesar 76 orang. Analisis bivariat menggunakan uji korelasi Rank Spearman. Hasil: Hasil uji analisis Rank Spearman didapatkan nilai p sebesar 0,000 (Sig <0,05). Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan antara kepatuhan minum obat anti tuberkulosis dan kualitas hidup pasien TB paru di Kecamatan Pontianak Barat Kota Pontianak.Kata kunci: pasien TB paru; kepatuhan minum obat; kualitas hidup
Gangguan Ginjal Akut akibat Keracunan Jengkol Idha Yulfiwanti; Aumas Pabuti; Fitrisia Amelin; Ronaldi Noor
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol 46, No 7 (2023): Supplementary December 2023
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/mka.v46.i7.p1238-1246.2023

Abstract

Jengkolic acid intoxication is one of the causes of acute kidney injury in children. This case report discusses the diagnosis and management of jenkol intoxication in children. We reported a 12-year-old boy with painful urination accompanied by low back pain and urine was initially whitish-colored sand then turned red-colored urine accompanied by reduced urine volume after consuming jengkol. The patient was diagnosed with acute kidney injury due to jenkolic acid intoxication, urinary tract infection, and bilateral hydronephrosis with initial conditions of oliguria, elevated urea, the impression of an estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was stage failure, and planned emergency hemodialysis. The patient was managed with bicarbonate sodium and other symptomatic therapy. During monitoring of patients with increased urine output, decreased ureum and increased estimated GFR, hemodialysis was not performed. The patient was treated for 6 days and recommended for control at the pediatric clinic.
KARAKTERISTIK DAN PROFIL PENGOBATAN PASIEN DIABETES MELLITUS TIPE 2 DI PUSKESMAS I DENPASAR SELATAN Putu Satyakumara Upadhana; Gede Agus Indra Pramana; Putu Restu Pertiwi; I Wayan Dediyana
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol 46, No 7 (2023): Supplementary December 2023
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/mka.v46.i7.p1137-1143.2023

Abstract

AbstrakTujuan: Diabetes mellitus tipe 2 (DMT2) merupakan suatu penyakit metabolik kronis dengan hiperglikemi yang persisten. Kondisi ini berhubungan dengan berbagai komplikasi. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi karakteristik klinis dan profil pengobatan pasien DMT2 di Puskesmas I Denpasar Selatan.  Metode: Studi ini merupakan studi deskrpitif observasional dengan pendekatan potong lintang. Studi ini menggunakan data sekunder dari rekam medis pasien DMT2 yang dirawat di Puskesmas I Denpasar Selatan pada 1 Februari 2023 – 28 Februari 2023, dengan menggunakan total sampling. Hasil: Terdapat 50 pasien dimasukkan pada penelitian ini. Sebagian besar berjenis kelamin perempuan (n=29;58,0%), dengan median usia sebesar 60 tahun. Prevalensi hipertensi adalah sebesar 54,0%. Sebagian besar pasien tergolong tidak mengalami obesitas (n=28;56,0%) dan memiliki kadar gula darah puasa yang tidak terkontrol (n=34;68,0%), dengan median gula darah puasa sebesar 160 mg/dL. Mayoritas pasien memiliki durasi pengobatan DMT2 sebesar >10 bulan (n=26;52,0%). Metformin merupakan obat yang paling banyak diberikan pada bulan Februari 2023 (n=43;86,0%), diikuti dengan glimepiride (n=42;84,0%). Sebagian besar pasien memiliki riwayat penggunaan obat selain obat anti diabetes (n=44;88,0%), meliputi simvastatin (n=29;58,0%), amlodipine (n=26; 52,0%), alopurinol (n=21; 42,0%), dan captofril (n=6; 12,0%). Kesimpulan: Sebagian besar pasien berjenis kelamin perempuan, memiliki kadar gula darah puasa yang tidak terkontrol, dan mendapatkan pengobatan metformin.  
Tatalaksana Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma dengan Ismolobektomi Fauzia Latifah Supriyadi
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol 46, No 7 (2023): Supplementary December 2023
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/mka.v46.i7.p1229-1237.2023

Abstract

Latar Belakang: Pappilary Thyroid Carcinoma (PTC) adalah subtipe kanker tiroid yang paling banyak terjadi. Diagnosisnya ditegakkan berdasarkan anamnesis, pemeriksaan fisik, pemeriksaan penunjang seperti pemeriksaan fungsi tiroid, ultrasonography tiroid dan Biopsi Aspirasi Jarum Halus (BAJAH). Pembedahan merupakan penatalaksanaan utama pada PTC.  Laporan Kasus: Dilaporkan satu kasus nodul tiroid pada seorang laki-laki usia 41 tahun. Pasien datang dengan keluhan benjolan di leher depan sisi kanan sejak 2 tahun yang membesar secara lambat dan tidak nyeri. Pada pasien dilakukan dilakukan ismolobektomi dextra dengan hasil histopatologi pasca operasi disimpulkan suatu PTC. Pasien didiagnosis dengan intermediate risk papillary thyroid carcinoma stadium I (T3N0M0). Kesimpulan: Pembedahan merupakan tatalaksana utama pada PTC. Ismolobektomi dipilih sebagai penatalaksanaan berdasarkan stratifikasi risiko pada pasien.Kata kunci: Papillary thyroid carcinoma, Biopsi Aspirasi Jarum Halus, Ismolobektomi

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