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Scripta Biologica

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Published by Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

ISSN : - EISSN : 23553138 DOI : -

Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology

Scripta Biologica is a peer reviewed open access electronic journal published by the Faculty of Biology Jenderal Soedirman University, publishes research papers encompasses all aspects of biology, including; molecular biology, cell biology, and genetics; physiology and reproduction; ecology and conservation; biodiversity, evolution, taxonomy, and biogeography.

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Articles 13 Documents

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Search results for , issue "Vol 4, No 2 (2017)" : 13 Documents clear

THE MONITORING OF MANGROVE VEGETATION COMMUNITY STRUCTURE IN SEGARA ANAKAN CILACAP FOR THE PERIOD OF 2009 AND 2015 Steni Dwiyanti Koswara; Erwin Riyanto Ardli; Edy Yani
Scripta Biologica Vol 4, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Over-exploitation and land-use conversion into aquaculture ponds have damaged the mangrove ecosystem. The extreme environment condition resulting in sedimentation led to the reduction of lagoon area and eventually of mangrove vegetation community. It was, therefore, necessary to conduct sustainable mangrove management through the monitoring system. Changes in the mangrove community were monitored periodically by evaluating width changes and land cover distribution. This study aimed to monitor the structure of mangrove community and changes occurring for the period of 2009 and 2015 by applying the purposive sampling method. The samples were mangrove vegetation community at several different locations. The samples were taken from nine stations with three replicates. There were 14 species of mangrove from six families. Mangrove trees were mostly found in the western area, while mangrove sapling and seedling mostly found in the east. Most of the stations showed a moderate level of diversity index and good productivity except station four. Mangrove forest in Segara Anakan had significant changes from 2009 up to 2015 due to the reduction of mangrove diversity.

LEUKOCYTE DIFFERENTIAL OF ANGUILLID EEL, Anguilla bicolor McClelland, EXPOSED TO VARIED SALINITIES Fita Fatimah; Farida Nur Rachmawati; Eko Setio Wibowo
Scripta Biologica Vol 4, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

The anguillid eel is a catadromous eel capable of inhabiting freshwater growth habitat and seawater spawning habitat throughout their life cycle. At the juvenile to mature stage, they inhabit freshwater then migrate to marine water to spawn. Changes in salinity, which is one of the stressful environmental factors for the eel, affect their physiological condition by increasing the leukocytes number. This increase is an adaptation method to improve their immune system as a response to salinity change. This study intended to evaluate the leukocyte differential of anguillid eel (Anguilla bicolor McClelland) exposed to various salinities. This research applied a Completely Randomized Design. The treatment was three levels of saline media including 4 ppt, 15 ppt, and 30 ppt with five replicates. The independent variable was the different salinity, and the dependent variable was the leukocyte differential. The parameters measured consisted of the different percentage of neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, and eosinophils in which the measurements administered after two months of the eel exposure. We analyzed the data with ANOVA at the confidence level of 95%. The results showed that exposure of salinity significantly affected the percentage of leukocyte differential (P < 0.05). The increase in salinity decreased the neutrophils and monocytes, but increased the lymphocytes, and showed no effect on eosinophils.

RESISTENSI Klebsiella sp TERHADAP MEROPENEM DI RSUD PROF. DR. MARGONO SOEKARJO PURWOKERTO Afifah Afifah; Tunggul Adi Purwonegoro; IDSAP Peramiarti
Scripta Biologica Vol 4, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Resistant Gram-negative bacteria, particularly Klebsiella sp., has become a serious problem in hospitals as one of the main causes of nosocomial infections spread through urine catheterization. Infections of Klebsiella sp. producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) can lead to significant economic and clinical negative outcome. This study was aimed to determine the sensitivity of ESBL Klebsiella sp. against meropenem as a cause of nosocomial infections in Prof. Dr. Margono Soekarjo hospital. This research obtained urine samples from the urinary catheter of patients hospitalized for at least two days in the surgical ward and intensive care unit. ESBL examination conducted by the initial screen test, meanwhile, sensitivity test to meropenem done by using disk diffusion test. Among the 40 patients examined in this study 7.5% isolates were Klebsiella sp-positive. This research identified five percent of the total patients as ESBL positive with the level of sensitivity against meropenem was revealed as resistant.

ANTIBACTERIAL CAPACITY OF Streptomyces ISOLATE FROM A MANGROVE PLANT RHIZOSPHERE Avicennia marina Rendy Setya Wardana; Dini Ryandini; Oedjijono Oedjijono
Scripta Biologica Vol 4, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

This research was conducted to obtain Streptomyces isolates from Avicennia marina rhizosphere capable of inhibiting E. coli and S. aureus growth, to investigate the capability and the characteristics of its antibacterial compound. This study completed the isolation by applying pour plate method on SCN agar medium. Antagonistic screening and selection processes were carried out by diffusion and dilution methods. Observation on the characteristic of the antibacterial compound applied was TLC method and MIC assay. This research confirmed the antibacterial compound capability by applying bioautography assay. Parameters measured consisted of inhibition zone diameter, Rf value on a bioautography plate, and the lowest concentration capable of inhibiting bacterial growth. Out of 16 isolates of Streptomyces obtained, Streptomyces 404 showed higher antagonistic activity than others. Inhibition zone diameter reached 20–25 mm in E. coli and S. aureus growth, respectively. TLC assay showed three spots in which two of them confirmed antibacterial activity in the bioautography assay that yielded Rf values of 0.47 for E. coli and 0.72 for S. aureus, while MIC assay showed that the lowest extract concentration inhibited bacterial growth was 20%.

SPIDER DIVERSITY (ARACHNIDA: ARANEAE) OF THE TEA PLANTATION AT SERANG VILLAGE, KARANGREJA SUB-DISTRICT, DISTRICT OF PURBALINGGA Gianti Sibarani; Imam Widhiono; Darsono Darsono
Scripta Biologica Vol 4, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Spiders are crucial in controlling insect pest population. The various cultivation managements such as fertilizer and pesticide application, weeding, pruning, harvesting, and cropping system affect their diversity. In the plantation, vegetation diversification has applied various practices, including monoculture, and intercropping, which influence the spider community. Thus, this study was intended to determine the spider abundance and diversity of the tea plantation, and the intercropping field (tea and strawberry) at Serang village, Karangreja Sub-District, District of Purbalingga. A survey and purposive sampling techniques were conducted, then the spiders were hand collected. Shannon-Wiener diversity (H’), Evenness (E), Simpson’s dominance (D), and Sorensen’s similarity (IS) indices were used to measure the spider diversity. The results revealed a total number of 575 individual spiders from 10 families, i.e., Araneae, Araneidae, Clubionidae, Linyphiidae, Lycosidae, Nephilidae, Oxyopidae, Salticidae, Tetragnathidae, Theridiidae, and Thomisidae. Araneidae was the most abundant in both fields. The total abundance of spiders in tea plantation (379 individuals), however, was greater than that in the intercropping field (196 individuals). Shannon-Wiener diversity reached H’= 1.873 in the plantation, and H’= 1.975 in the intercropping field.

THE FIRST REPORT OF THE DIVERSITY OF ENSIFERA (INSECTA: ORTHOPTERA) FROM ROKAN HULU DISTRICT, RIAU PROVINCE Sutrisno Syahlan; Rofiza Yolanda; Riki Riharji Lubis
Scripta Biologica Vol 4, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

The objective of this study was to determine the diversity of the suborder Ensifera in Dusun 3, Rambah Hilir Tengah, Rambah Hilir Sub-District, Rokan Hulu District, Riau Province, Indonesia. The study was conducted from September 2015 to January 2016 at six sampling locations by sweep net and hand picking at day and night hours. We recorded 17 species of the Ensifera belonging to 12 genera, 2 families, and 10 subfamilies. The diversity comprised of Conochepalus maculatus, Conochepalus melaenus, Conochepalus sp., Elbenia sp., Elimaea sp., Euscyrtus concinnus, Hexacentrus unicolor, Loxoblemus parabolicus, Mecopoda elongate, Mecopoda sp., Nisitrus vittatus, Orthelimaea sp., Podoscirtinae species 1 (unidentified), Teleogryllus emma, Teleogryllus sp., Trellius sp. and Xabea sp. The C. maculatus and E. concinnus were the predominant species in this study.

ANALISIS KARAKTER TRUSS MORPHOMETRICS PADA IKAN KEMPRIT (Ilisha megaloptera) FAMILIA PRISTIGASTERIDAE Tri Wijayanti; Suhestri Suryaningsih; Sri Sukmaningrum
Scripta Biologica Vol 4, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

The fish auction site at Ocean Fishing Port of Cilacap is one of the major fish landings sites in Indonesia. Fishes landed in this port mainly of large pelagic fish, bycatch, crustaceans including kemprit fish (Ilisha megaloptera Swainson,1839). Kemprit fish is a member of the family Pristigasteridae, which has an elongated body shape-sprawl. Fishers use this fish as the main ingredient to produce fish crackers and dried salted fish. Overfishing is the greatest threat to kemprit fish, and without conservation efforts the future population is uncertain. Fish farming is one right answer in kemprit fish conservation. However, information on this fish biology is insufficient. One of the biological aspects is sexual dimorphism, the morphological properties that can be used to distinguish between male and female fish. Truss morphometrics can measure the morphological traits differences of male and female. This technique in which the measurement of the distance Truss morphometrics in certain parts, by the benchmark points (dots Truss morphometrics), then compared with standard size. The result of the preliminary survey indicated that kemprit fish did not show sexual dimorphism, therefore truss morphometric technique applies to distinguish sexes of this fish. This research was a survey, and purposive sampling techniques were used to collect data. Data were then analyzed using the “t” test. The results showed that distinct truss distance between male and female fish was the distance between the anterior base of the dorsal fin to the anterior base of the ventral fins and the distance between the posterior base of the dorsal fin to the anterior base of the anal fin.

TINGKAH LAKU MAKAN LUTUNG JAWA Trachypithecus auratus DI KAWASAN PANCURAN 7 BATURADEN GUNUNG SLAMET JAWA TENGAH Dwi Eliana; Erie Kolya Nasution; Indarmawan Indarmawan
Scripta Biologica Vol 4, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Javan Langur (Trachypithecus auratus) has an important ecological role in conserving the forest as their habitat by spreading seeds of fruits of their food. They are also responsible for the pattern of the plant diversity and forest regeneration as their habitat. Unfortunately, Javan Langur has been listed on Appendix II of CITES and categorized as vulnerable by the IUCN. Pancuran 7 Baturaden on the Mount Slamet slope is one of the few Javan Langur habitats in Java. Information on the Javan Langur in this area was inadequate. Therefore this study was aimed to get information on the type of food and the feeding behavior of Javan Langur, particularly in Pancuran 7 Baturaden. This study used a survey method, and the Animal Scan sampling technique was applied. The variables observed were sex ratio, population size, eating position, eating process, feeding locations, feeding duration, including the food type of the Javan Langur. Observed data for each variable were analyzed descriptively as percentages, and the results showed the Javan Langur were eating by sitting and standing, were marking trees to feed, were using hands and mouth to eat, were eating leaves and fruit, were eating on the trees and bushes. There were nine plant species as their food variety, while Matoa fruit and leave (Pometia pinnata) were their preferred foods.

A SIMPLE PARAFFIN EMBEDDED PROTOCOL FOR FISH EGG, EMBRYO, AND LARVAE Gratiana Eka Wijayanti; Priadi Setyawan; Indah Dwi Kurniawati
Scripta Biologica Vol 4, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

This paper describes a simple protocol of paraffin-embedded histological section for fish eggs, embryo and larvae of the hard-lipped barb and the giant gourami. The specimens were fixed in Bouin solution, washed in 70% ethanol, then were dehydrated in a series of ethanol solution of increasing concentration until absolute ethanol was reached. The specimens were cleared in graded xylene and were infiltrated with liquid paraffin then were embedded in pure paraffin. Upon sectioning, at 4–5 µm thick the specimens were attached to the gelatin-coated glass slide and let to dry at room temperature or 37°C overnight. The specimens were deparaffinized in xylene, rehydrated then were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. After being dehydrated in graded ethanol, the specimens were cleared in xylene and were mounted with an organic mounting agent. Any step in preparing histological section including samples collection, fixation, dehydration, infiltration and embedding might contribute to the quality of histological features. A proper knowledge of the tissues beeing processed, fixative solution and the histological techniques is essential to gain good results. Bouin fixative is preferable to fix fish larvae and produce a good histological feature. Decalcification is necessary to produce a good histological section on the specimens containing bone.

GAMBARAN HEMATOLOGI MENCIT (Mus musculus) MODEL TOKSISITAS SUBKRONIS Ita Nur Eka Pujiastuti; Sri Rahayu Lestari; Abdul Gofur
Scripta Biologica Vol 4, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Garlic commonly is consumed as medicine to prevent or heal illness or to maintain someone's health. Many societies prefer garlic (Allium sativum) among other herbal remedies for cholesterol treatment. It consists of several types, and one of them is single bulb garlic used to treat hypertension. There has been, however, no published research reporting the toxicological properties of single bulb garlic. The purpose of this study was to determine subchronic toxic effects of single bulb garlic administered to mice using hematological parameters. The experiment parameters were hemoglobin and hematocrit levels, the number of erythrocytes and leukocytes. Male mice (Mus musculus) strain Balb-C were treated with single bulb garlic extract for 28 days with dosage levels of 0% (N ), 0.25% (P1 ), 0.5% (P2 ), 1% (P3 ), and 2% (P4 ). Single bulb garlic showed no effect on hemoglobin and hematocrit levels but increased the number of erythrocyte and leucocyte. We concluded that single bulb garlic did not cause subchronic toxic effects.

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