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Journal of Aquaculture and Fish Health
Published by Universitas Airlangga
ISSN : 23017309     EISSN : 25280864     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
The Journal of Aquaculture And Fish Health (JAFH) has an objective to publish and provide high-quality scientific contributions to the field of fisheries. These contributions came from innovative researches that encourage science and technology development in the field of fisheries and marine science on a national and international scale. This journal serves as a communication medium for researchers, academics, students, and communities.
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Articles 373 Documents
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Dietary Supplementation of Moringa oleifera Leaf Extract to Improve Growth Performance in Tawes Fish (Barbonymus gonionotus) Dini Islama; Farah Diana; Khairul Samuki
Journal of Aquaculture and Fish Health Vol. 15 No. 3 (2026): JAFH Vol 15 No 3 September 2026
Publisher : Department of Aquaculture

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jafh.v15i3.80304

Abstract

Tawes fish (Barbonymus gonionotus) is an indigenous Indonesian freshwater species experiencing increasing popularity and demand, particularly among communities in the Southwest Aceh region. Despite widespread cultivation efforts by local fish farmers to meet market needs, production remains constrained, limiting the achievement of optimal aquaculture outcomes. One approach to addressing this limitation involves the incorporation of Moringa oleifera leaf extract into feed to improve overall protein quality, thereby offering a potential strategy to enhance growth performance. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of Moringa oleifera leaf extract supplementation in feed on the growth performance and survival of tawes fish (Barbonymus gonionotus). A completely randomized design was employed with four treatments and three replicates per treatment. The treatments consisted of a control diet (P0) and feed supplemented with Moringa oleifera leaf extract at concentrations of 50 ml/kg feed (P1), 100 ml/kg feed (P2), and 150 ml/kg feed (P3). fish measuring 2–3 cm in length were stocked at a density of 1 fish/L. Fish were fed three times daily at 5% of their body weight over a 40 day experimental period. The results demonstrated that Moringa oleifera leaf extract supplementation in feed had a significant (P < 0.05) positive effect on both survival and growth performance of Barbonymus gonionotus. The diet supplemented with Moringa oleifera leaf extract at 100 ml/kg feed (P2) was identified as the most effective treatment, yielding optimal growth performance and survival.
The Effect of Bacillus spp. on Water Quality and Growth Performance of Vannamei Shrimp (Penaeus vannamei Boone, 1931): Improving Aquaculture Stability Through Probiotic Application Under Tropical Conditions Raihan Akbar Samudra; Aniditia Sabdaningsih; Oktavianto Eko Jati; Suradi Wijaya Saputra; Siti Dinda Chrisnawati; Muhammad Syaifudien Bahry
Journal of Aquaculture and Fish Health Vol. 15 No. 3 (2026): JAFH Vol 15 No 3 September 2026
Publisher : Department of Aquaculture

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jafh.v15i3.81013

Abstract

Poor water quality is one of the main obstacles in the cultivation of vannamei shrimp (Penaeus vannamei), because it can cause stress, decrease immunity, increase susceptibility to diseases, and inhibit growth. Fluctuations in water quality parameters such as temperature, pH, salinity, and dissolved oxygen (DO) greatly affect the physiological processes and metabolism of shrimp. Bacillus spp. It is expected to be able to improve water quality through the process of decomposition of organic matter, reduction of harmful compounds, and maintaining the microbiological balance of aquatic ecosystems. This study aims to examine the effect of giving Bacillus spp. on water quality and growth rate of vannamei shrimp. The research was conducted experimentally with a quantitative approach using a one-factor Complete Random Design (RAL), consisting of five levels of treatment with three replicas, so that 15 experimental units were obtained. The treatment consisted of two types of probiotics, namely Water Probiotic (WP) and Gut Probiotic (GP), as well as a control group using LactoBacillus spp.. Probiotics are administered through water and feed at doses of 1 and 3 ppm. The research was carried out for three months (October-December 2024) at the shrimp pond "Farm Umi Azizah and Brother", Tanjungmojo, Kendal Regency. Sampling is carried out six times a week. The results of the analysis using Pearson correlation and linear regression showed that the administration of Bacillus spp. improve water quality stability and approach optimal standards according to KP Regulation No. 75 of 2016. Temperature and salinity have the dominant influence, DO shows the lowest correlation, and GP3 pools produce the best growth. GP1 ponds showed a significant relationship of 94.5% between water quality and shrimp growth.
Exploring the Antibacterial Potential of Mucus Extract from the Mudskipper Boleophthalmus boddarti against Aeromonas hydrophila and Vibrio harveyi Riviani; Nuri Fitriya; Maria Dyah Nur Meinita; Ren Fitriadi
Journal of Aquaculture and Fish Health Vol. 15 No. 3 (2026): JAFH Vol 15 No 3 September 2026
Publisher : Department of Aquaculture

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jafh.v15i3.86844

Abstract

The mudskipper Boleophthalmus boddarti is known for secreting epidermal mucus that likely serves as a protective antibacterial barrier against microbial threats. This research aimed to investigate the effectiveness of mucus extracts from B. boddarti in inhibiting the growth of two pathogenic bacteria, Aeromonas hydrophila and Vibrio harveyi. Extraction of the mucus was conducted using a sterile physiological saline solution (0.85% NaCl), followed by centrifugation and freeze-drying to preserve the material. Two forms of the mucus extracts fresh and frozen were prepared in six different concentrations: 62.5, 125, 250, 500, 1000, 2000 µg/mL. The experimental setup included both positive (Ampicillin) and negative (saline) controls to benchmark antibacterial activity. Antimicrobial efficacy was evaluated using the disc diffusion method, where inhibition zones around discs impregnated with the extracts were measured. Results showed that the diameter of the inhibition zones indicated a mild antibacterial effect. Specifically, for A. hydrophila, the fresh mucus extract produced inhibition zones ranging from 1.17 to 3.50 mm, while the frozen extract ranged from 1.25 to 3.33 mm. Against V. harveyi, the fresh extract yielded zones between 0.92 and 3.67 mm, and the frozen extract showed zones between 1.67 and 3.67 mm. The inhibition value of mudskipper mucus extract included in low category. These findings suggest that B. boddarti mucus extract possesses promising antibacterial properties against the tested bacterial species
Sex-Based Morphological Differentiation and Stock Homogeneity of Rasbora arundinata (Lumbantobing, 2014) in the Krueng Lanca River, Aceh, Indonesia Mu'amar Abdan; Sulistiono Sulistiono; Mohammad Mukhlis Kamal; Ali Mashar; Nurlisa Alias Butet; Fazril Saputra; Iwan Hasri
Journal of Aquaculture and Fish Health Vol. 15 No. 3 (2026): JAFH Vol 15 No 3 September 2026
Publisher : Department of Aquaculture

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jafh.v15i3.87519

Abstract

Sexual dimorphism and spatial variation in morphometric and meristic traits provide important insights into population structure and biological differentiation in freshwater fishes. This study investigated sexual dimorphism and spatial variation in Rasbora arundinata from the Krueng Lanca River, Aceh, Indonesia. A total of 76 individuals, consisting of 40 males and 36 females, were examined. Twenty-three morphometric and ten meristic characters were measured and analyzed using univariate analysis of variance and principal component analysis. The results showed that only four morphometric characters—body width, pectoral fin base length, pelvic fin base length, and standard length—differed between males and females, while the remaining characters were similar between sexes. Females generally exhibited larger body size and greater body robustness than males, indicating subtle sexual dimorphism mainly associated with size- and fin-related traits. Principal Component Analysis supported these findings by revealing partial separation between male and female individuals, with body width and pectoral fin base length contributing most strongly to overall morphometric variation. Meristic analysis also revealed sex-related differences, particularly in lateral line scale counts and fin ray numbers. Females tended to have higher lateral line scale counts, whereas males showed greater variability in several fin ray characters. Spatial analysis based on sampling stations revealed no clear morphological separation among locations, indicating limited spatial variation and suggesting that R. arundinata in the Krueng Lanca River represents a single, morphologically homogeneous stock. Overall, morphological variation in R. arundinata appears to be driven more strongly by sex-related biological factors than by spatial environmental differences.
Impacts of Intensive and Traditional Aquaculture Systems on Water Quality Dynamics, Pathogenic Bacteria, Parasites, and Tissue Integrity of Litopenaeus vannamei Yunarty Yunarty; Gabriella Augustine Suleman; Ardana Kurniaji; Eriyanti Wahid; Siti Aisyah Saridu; Muhammad Hery Riyadi; Asep Akmal Aonullah; Toto Hardianto
Journal of Aquaculture and Fish Health Vol. 15 No. 3 (2026): JAFH Vol 15 No 3 September 2026
Publisher : Department of Aquaculture

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jafh.v15i3.87814

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the differences in water quality parameters, bacterial populations, parasite infestation, and histopathological characteristics of Litopenaeus vannamei cultured under intensive and traditional aquaculture systems. A descriptive method with purposive sampling was applied in four ponds (two intensive and two traditional). Measured water quality parameters included temperature, pH, salinity, dissolved oxygen, nitrite (NO₂), ammonium (NH₄⁺), and total organic matter (TOM). Analyses were performed on total bacterial counts, Vibrio spp., parasite identification, and histopathological observation of shrimp organs. The results showed that the intensive culture system had higher concentrations of NH₄⁺ (1.6 mg/L), NO₂ (0.15 mg/L), and TOM (100–110 mg/L) compared to the traditional system (NH₄⁺ 0.3–0.4 mg/L; NO ₂<0.02 mg/L; TOM 70–75 mg/L). Total bacterial and Vibrio spp. densities in the intensive ponds reached 0.56×10⁵ CFU/mL and 0.2×10³ CFU/mL, respectively, while in the traditional ponds they were only 0.23×10⁵ CFU/mL and 0.08×10³ CFU/mL. Three dominant parasites, Zoothamnium, Vorticella, and Epistylis spp. were identified, with significantly higher abundance in the intensive system. Histopathological analysis revealed muscle degeneration and necrosis in the tail muscle, pereiopods, pleopods along with hepatopancreatic damage characterized by lumen constriction and necrosis in shrimps from the intensive ponds. This study demonstrated significant differences between intensive and traditional culture systems in terms of water quality, bacterial populations, parasite occurrence, and histopathological conditions of L. vannamei.
Dose-Dependent Effects of Rumen-Derived Microbes in Commercial Feed on Digestive Efficiency and Growth of Litopenaeus vannamei Postlarvae Murni; Asni Anwar; Harnita Agusanty; Farhana Wahyu; Wahyu Alfareza
Journal of Aquaculture and Fish Health Vol. 15 No. 3 (2026): JAFH Vol 15 No 3 September 2026
Publisher : Department of Aquaculture

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jafh.v15i3.88281

Abstract

The present study investigated the dose-dependent effects of rumen-derived microbial supplementation, applied as a local natural probiotic in commercial feed, on digestive physiology, feed utilization, growth, survival, and water quality of whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) postlarvae. A completely randomized design was used to evaluate three probiotic doses, namely 3, 4, and 5 mL per 100 g feed, during a 45-day feeding trial. The measured parameters included gastric emptying rate, total feed consumption, feed utilization efficiency (FUE), feed conversion ratio (FCR), muscle glycogen content, RNA/DNA ratio, specific growth rate (SGR), absolute growth (AG), survival rate (SR), and water quality. Rumen-derived probiotic supplementation significantly affected digestive, physiological, and growth-related parameters (p < 0.05). The 3 mL/100 g feed treatment produced the best overall response, with the highest gastric emptying score (4.2 ± 0.3; p < 0.001), highest FUE (88.83%), lowest FCR (1.99 ± 0.00), highest RNA/DNA ratio (1.45 ± 0.05), highest SGR (1.17 ± 0.00% day⁻¹), and highest SR (87%). In contrast, higher doses of 4–5 mL/100 g feed reduced postlarval performance, indicating a non-linear dose response. Water quality parameters remained within suitable ranges throughout the study. These findings indicate that 3 mL/100 g feed was the most effective dose among those tested for improving nutrient utilization and postlarval performance.
Rotifer Performance and Culture Environments During Fed Mixed Microalgae Jamal Endang; Bethsy Jane Pattiasina; Maureen Mercy Pattinasarany; Joice Wenny Pattinasarany
Journal of Aquaculture and Fish Health Vol. 15 No. 3 (2026): JAFH Vol 15 No 3 September 2026
Publisher : Department of Aquaculture

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jafh.v15i3.88523

Abstract

Microalga diets can enhance rotifer growth, biochemical composition, and overall nutritional quality, but variations in species composition can lead to inconsistent outcomes. This study examined the effects of feeding a mixture of microalgae species on the growth, nutrition, and culture conditions of the rotifer Brachionus plicatilis. Two experiments were conducted on a semi-scale outdoor culture. First, rotifers were fed one species, Nannochloropsis oculate, vs. two species, Coccolithus sp. + N. oculate for 30 days. Second, rotifers were fed two species, Chlorella vulgaris + Pavlova sp., vs. three species, C. vulgaris + N. oculate + Chaetoceros sp., in ratios of 1:1:1 and 1:1:2. The first experiment showed there was no significant difference in the rotifer growth fed by one species, N. oculate and two species of Coccolithus sp. + N. oculate. Still, the two species had substantial changes and had higher nutrition after 30 days than the single species. The second experiment indicated that rotifer growth fed by two species, C. vulgaris-Pavlova sp., was significantly higher than that fed by three species, C. vulgaris + N. oculate + Chaetoceros, in both ratios. However, rotifer nutrition did not significantly differ between the two species and the three species after 5 days. Nutrient levels and bacterial densities variation in the rotifer culture environments were not statistically different between feeding regimes. Vibrio bacteria decreased over time. The findings highlighted that feeding a mix of two microalgae species for a longer duration increases rotifer growth and nutrition, supporting efficient rotifer culture management.
The Effectiveness of Neem Leaf Extract (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.) on Vibrio parahaemolyticus Bacteria Attacking White Shrimp (Panaeus vannamei) Jordi; Marlina Achmad; Gunarto Latama
Journal of Aquaculture and Fish Health Vol. 15 No. 3 (2026): JAFH Vol 15 No 3 September 2026
Publisher : Department of Aquaculture

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jafh.v15i3.90812

Abstract

Acute Hepatopancreatic Necrosis Disease (AHPND), caused by Vibrio parahaemolyticus, can result in 100% shrimp mortality. Neem leaves (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.) contain bioactive compounds with antimicrobial potential as alternative to synthetic antibacterials. This study evaluated the efficacy of neem leaf extract against V. parahaemolyticus infection in whiteleg shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) using a randomized design with four treatments: A (control), B (12.5 mg mL⁻¹), C (25 mg mL⁻¹), and D (50 mg mL⁻¹). The results of this study indicate that the use of neem leaf extract can have significant effect on the survival rate (SR) up to 80.00 ± 0.82% at a concentration of 50 mg mL⁻¹, 66.67 ± 1.25% at a concentration of 25 mg mL⁻¹, and 53.33 ± 1.25% at a concentration of 12.5 mg mL⁻¹ compared to the control, which is only 26.67 ± 1.25%, and the specific growth rate (SGR) with the highest percentage of 32.04 ± 0.93% at a concentration of 50 mg mL⁻¹, 29.57 ± 0.39% at a concentration of 25 mg mL⁻¹, and 26.27 ± 0.93% at a concentration of 12.5 mg mL⁻¹ compared to the control treatment, which is only 20.52 ± 0.72%, reducing clinical symptoms and reducing the number of colonies of Vibrio sp. bacteria in the hepatopancreas of shrimp up to 2.9 x 105 at a concentration of 50 mg mL⁻¹. The results of this study indicate that neem leaf extract can be developed as an alternative antibacterial against V. parahaemolyticus infections in Pacific white shrimp (P. vannamei).
In Silico Evaluation of Betaine, DL-Stachydrine, and Choline from Shipworm (Spathoteredo obtusa) Extract as Antibacterial Agents Candidates Against Vibrio alginolyticus via LuxR Targeting: Molecular Docking Analysis Against LuxR Protein of Vibrio alginolyticus Ziyan Iswahyudi; Mohamad Fadjar; Yunita Maimunah; Arya Ditya Prawira
Journal of Aquaculture and Fish Health Vol. 15 No. 3 (2026): JAFH Vol 15 No 3 September 2026
Publisher : Department of Aquaculture

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jafh.v15i3.91671

Abstract

Bacterial infections caused by Vibrio alginolyticus represent a major challenge in aquaculture, leading tosignificant economic losses and increasing concerns regarding antibiotic resistance. This study aimed to evaluatethe potential of bioactive compounds from shipworm (Spathoteredo obtusa) as antibacterial and quorum sensinginhibitory agents through an in silico approach targeting the LuxR protein. Active compound screening using LC-HRMS identified three dominant compounds, namely betaine, DL-stachydrine, and choline. Molecular dockinganalysis was performed using PyRx, while ligand–protein interactions were visualized using Discovery Studio2021. The docking results showed that all tested compounds were able to interact with the LuxR protein withvarying binding affinity values. DL-stachydrine exhibited the best binding affinity among the tested compounds(-4.5 kcal/mol), followed by betaine (-3.9 kcal/mol) and choline (-3.8 kcal/mol), whereas the control quercetinshowed a substantially stronger binding affinity (-7.8 kcal/mol). Interaction analysis revealed the involvement ofhydrogen bonding, π-interactions, hydrophobic interactions, and van der Waals interactions within the LuxRbinding pocket. Several compounds also showed consistent interactions with key amino acid residues, suggestingbiologically relevant binding regions. These findings indicate that the tested compounds possess potential asantibacterial and quorum sensing inhibitory agents by targeting LuxR. However, further in vitro and in vivostudies are required to validate their biological activity and therapeutic potential.
In Silico Evaluation of Bioactive Compounds from Shipworm (Spathoteredo obtusa) Extract Against PirA/PirB Toxins of Vibrio parahaemolyticus as Antibacterial Candidates: Molecular Docking Analysis Against PirA and PirB Proteins of Vibrio parahaemolyticus Arya Ditya Prawira; Mohamad Fadjar; Sri Andayani; Ziyan Iswahyudi
Journal of Aquaculture and Fish Health Vol. 15 No. 3 (2026): JAFH Vol 15 No 3 September 2026
Publisher : Department of Aquaculture

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jafh.v15i3.91934

Abstract

Acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND), caused by Vibrio species encoding PirA and PirB toxins, induces hepatopancreatic pore formation and massive mortality in shrimp ponds. The rising prevalence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in aquaculture urgently requires sustainable therapeutic alternatives. This study aims to evaluate the molecular interactions of bioactive compounds derived from the shipworm (Spathoteredo obtusa) extract with the PirA and PirB toxins using an in-silico molecular docking approach. LC-HRMS analysis of the extract revealed five major constituents. Ligands were evaluated using Lipinski's Rule of Five, revealing zero violations across all compounds. Molecular docking simulations against PirA and PirB demonstrated that the screened natural compounds successfully established stable complexes. The results showed distinct target specificities; DL-Stachydrine exhibited optimal binding affinity against the PirA toxin (-4.3 kcal/mol), whereas L-Norleucine demonstrated the strongest interaction with the PirB toxin (-5.0 kcal/mol). Mechanistically, L-Norleucine utilizes a flexible aliphatic chain for deep receptor penetration, while DL-Stachydrine attains high structural stability through a rigid pyrrolidine ring, a dense hydrogen bond network, and potent electrostatic attractive charges. Although L-Norleucine showed optimal binding, its practical application is constrained by an extremely low yield of 1.10%. Conversely, DL-Stachydrine constitutes 24.89% of the total extract. Integrating molecular docking profiles and quantitative yields highlights DL-Stachydrine as a realistic and sustainable natural therapeutic agent for mitigating AHPND outbreaks in shrimp aquaculture

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