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International Journal of Reconfigurable and Embedded Systems (IJRES)
Published by Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
ISSN : 20894864     EISSN : 27222608     DOI : -
Core Subject : Economy,
Economics, Econometrics & Finance
The centre of gravity of the computer industry is now moving from personal computing into embedded computing with the advent of VLSI system level integration and reconfigurable core in system-on-chip (SoC). Reconfigurable and Embedded systems are increasingly becoming a key technological component of all kinds of complex technical systems, ranging from audio-video-equipment, telephones, vehicles, toys, aircraft, medical diagnostics, pacemakers, climate control systems, manufacturing systems, intelligent power systems, security systems, to weapons etc. The aim of IJRES is to provide a vehicle for academics, industrial professionals, educators and policy makers working in the field to contribute and disseminate innovative and important new work on reconfigurable and embedded systems. The scope of the IJRES addresses the state of the art of all aspects of reconfigurable and embedded computing systems with emphasis on algorithms, circuits, systems, models, compilers, architectures, tools, design methodologies, test and applications.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 456 Documents
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Performance analysis of microstrip patch antenna for wireless communication systems Alagarsamy, Manjunathan; Govindasamy, Santhakumar; Suriyan, Kannadhasan; Rajangam, Balamurugan; Mariappan, Sivarathinabala; Krishnan, Jothi Chitra Ratha
International Journal of Reconfigurable and Embedded Systems (IJRES) Vol 13, No 2: July 2024
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijres.v13.i2.pp227-233

Abstract

An antenna may be thought of as a temporary tool that directs radio waves for transmission or reception. Aside from being inexpensive, small, easy to manufacture, and compatible with integrated electronics, the microstrip patch antenna (MPA) offers several other benefits as well. These two methods are often seen as low-cost, adaptable, dependable, high-speed data connection choices that promote user mobility. An overview of how MPA have been used throughout the last several decades is provided in this article. It has been suggested that there are many approaches to enhance the performance of MPA, including the use of composite antennas, highly integrated antenna/array and feeding networks, operating at relatively high frequencies, and using cutting-edge manufacturing methods. Dual or multiband antennas are essential for meeting the demands of wireless services in this rapidly evolving wireless communication environment. Here is an overview of the patch antenna literature for wireless local area network (WLAN) and worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) applications.
Precision medicine in hepatology: harnessing IoT and machine learning for personalized liver disease stage prediction Swain, Satyaprakash; Mohanty, Mihir Narayan; Pattanayak, Binod Kumar
International Journal of Reconfigurable and Embedded Systems (IJRES) Vol 13, No 3: November 2024
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijres.v13.i3.pp724-734

Abstract

In this research, we used a dataset from Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan (S’O’A) University Medical Laboratory containing 6,780 samples collected manually and through internet of things (IoT) sensor sources from 6,780 patients to perform a thorough investigation into liver disease stage prediction. The dataset was carefully cleaned before being sent to the machine learning pipeline. We utilised a range of machine learning models, such as Naïve Bayes (NB), sequential minimal optimisation (SMO), K-STAR, random forest (RF), and multi-class classification (MCC), using Python to predict the stages of liver disease. The results of our simulations demonstrated how well the SMO model performed in comparison to other models. We then expanded our analysis using different machine learning boosting models with SMO as the base model: adaptive boosting (AdaBoost), gradient boost, extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), CatBoost, and light gradient boosting model (LightGBM). Surprisingly, gradient boost proved to be the most successful, producing an astounding 96% accuracy. A closer look at the data showed that when AdaBoost was combined with the SMO base model, the accuracy results were 94.10%, XGBoost 90%, CatBoost 92%, and LightGBM 94%. These results highlight the effectiveness of proposed model i.e. gradient boosting in improving the prediction of liver disease stage and provide insightful information for improving clinical decision support systems in the field of medical diagnostics.
Machine learning classifiers for fall detection leveraging LoRa communication network Reddy, I. V. Subba; Lavanya, P.; Selvakumar, V.
International Journal of Reconfigurable and Embedded Systems (IJRES) Vol 13, No 1: March 2024
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijres.v13.i1.pp76-84

Abstract

Today, health monitoring relies heavily on technological advancements. This study proposes a low-power wide-area network (LPWAN) based, multinodal health monitoring system to monitor vital physiological data. The suggested system consists of two nodes, an indoor node, and an outdoor node, and the nodes communicate via long range (LoRa) transceivers. Outdoor nodes use an MPU6050 module, heart rate, oxygen pulse, temperature, and skin resistance sensors and transmit sensed values to the indoor node. We transferred the data received by the master node to the cloud using the Adafruit cloud service. The system can operate with a coverage of 4.5 km, where the optimal distance between outdoor sensor nodes and the indoor master node is 4 km. To further predict fall detection, various machine learning classification techniques have been applied. Upon comparing various classifier techniques, the decision tree method achieved an accuracy of 0.99864 with a training and testing ratio of 70:30. By developing accurate prediction models, we can identify high-risk individuals and implement preventative measures to reduce the likelihood of a fall occurring. Remote monitoring of the health and physical status of elderly people has proven to be the most beneficial application of this technology.
FPGAs memory synchronization and performance evaluation using the open computing language framework Almomany, Abedalmuhdi; Jarrah, Amin
International Journal of Reconfigurable and Embedded Systems (IJRES) Vol 13, No 1: March 2024
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijres.v13.i1.pp33-40

Abstract

One advantage of the open computing language (OpenCL) software framework is its ability to run on different architectures. Field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) are a high-speed computing architecture used for computation acceleration. This work develops a set of eight benchmarks (memory synchronization functions, explained in this study) using an OpenCL framework to study the effect of memory access time on overall performance when targeting the general FPGA computing platform. The results indicate the best synchronization mechanism to be adopted to synthesize the proposed design on the FPGA computation architecture. The proposed research results also demonstrate the effectiveness of using a task-parallel model approach to avoid using high-cost synchronization mechanisms within proposed designs that are constructed on the general FPGA computation platform.
Comparative study of password storing using hash function with MD5, SHA1, SHA2, and SHA3 algorithm Natho, Parinya; Somsuphaprungyos, Suwit; Boonmee, Salinun; Boonying, Sangtong
International Journal of Reconfigurable and Embedded Systems (IJRES) Vol 13, No 3: November 2024
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijres.v13.i3.pp502-511

Abstract

The main purpose of passwords is to prevent unauthorized people from accessing the system. The rise in internet users has led to an increase in password hacking, which has resulted in a variety of problems. These issues include opponents stealing a company's or nation's private information and harming the economy or the organization's security. Password hacking is a common tool used by hackers for illegal purposes. Password security against hackers is essential. There are several ways to hack passwords, including traffic interception, social engineering, credential stuffing, and password spraying. In an attempt to prevent hacking, hashing algorithms are therefore mostly employed to hash passwords, making password cracking more difficult. In the suggested work, several hashing techniques, including message digest (MD5), secure hash algorithms (SHA1, SHA2, and SHA3) have been used. They have become vulnerable as a result of being used to store passwords. A rainbow table attack is conceivable. Passwords produced with different hash algorithms can have their hash values attacked with the help of the Hashcat program. It is proven that the SHA3 algorithm can help with more secure password storage when compared to other algorithms.
Reconfigurable data intensive service for low latency cyber-physical systems and IoT communication Gupta, Prince; Sharma, Rajeev; Gupta, Sachi
International Journal of Reconfigurable and Embedded Systems (IJRES) Vol 13, No 3: November 2024
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijres.v13.i3.pp491-501

Abstract

The fourth industrial revolution is realized through the many developments in cyber-physical systems (CPS) made possible by the widespread use of the internet of things (IoT). CPS sensor networks must enable mobile and wireless CPSs with their specific flexibility and heterogeneity needs without compromising quality of service (QoS). The research article focuses on reconfigurable data communication hardware for numerous IoT-supporting infrastructures and performance estimation using delay, power, throughput, and packet delivery ratio (PDR) for different IoT node configurations. Tree topology-based network configuration from cloud data to sensor fog organizers, sensor network directors, and IoT-embedded sensors is supported. Functional simulation is performed in iFoGSim, Xilinx ISE, and Modelsim 10.0 with a maximum of 64 variable nodes programmed for data communication and interplay verification with a minimum delay of 9.1 ns, maximum frequency of 319 MHz, power of 7.5 mW, throughput of 0.280, and maximum PDR=1. The simulation is applicable for fog computing and CPS processed from different alters in specific topologies.
Agriculture data analysis using parallel k-nearest neighbour classification algorithm Muninarayanappa, Vimala; Ranjan, Rajeev
International Journal of Reconfigurable and Embedded Systems (IJRES) Vol 13, No 2: July 2024
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijres.v13.i2.pp332-340

Abstract

A cost-effective and effective agriculture management system is created by utilizing data analytics (DA), internet of things (IoT), and cloud computing (CC). Geographic information system (GIS) technology and remote sensing predictions give users and stakeholders access to a variety of sensory data, including rainfall patterns and weather-related information (such as pressure, humidity, and temperatures). They have unstructured format for sensory data. The current systems do a poor job of analysing such data since they cannot effectively balance speed and memory usage. An effective categorization model (ECM) on agriculture management system is proposed to address this research difficulty. First, a classification technique called priority-based k-nearest neighbour (KNN) is provided to categorize unstructured multi-dimensional data into a structured form. Additionally, the Hadoop MapReduce (HMR) framework is used to do classification utilizing a parallel approach. Data from real-time IoT sensors used in agriculture is the subject of experiments. The suggested approach significantly outperforms previous approaches that are computing time, memory efficiency, model accuracy, and speedup.
Frequency reconfigurable microstrip patch antenna for multiband applications Abraham, Jacob; Natarajan, Kirthika; Andi, Senthilkumar; Mariyarose, Jemin Vijayaselvan; Alagarsamy, Manjunathan; Suriyan, Kannadhasan
International Journal of Reconfigurable and Embedded Systems (IJRES) Vol 13, No 2: July 2024
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijres.v13.i2.pp472-482

Abstract

Wireless communication technology is well-established, and several antennas have been developed and produced specifically for this purpose. However, antenna performance and communication system development need to be enhanced in order to adapt to the present era. The performance of the antenna is significantly influenced by its design. Thus, this work produced a novel wideband antenna design via the use of a frequency reconfigurable approach. In the recommended study, microstrip patch antennas (MPAs) were used in wideband applications to switch frequencies using shunt-series microelectromechanical systems (MEMS). The suggested antenna, which has two switches built into it, is tested in ON-ON, OFF-ON, and OFF-OFF switching scenarios. Radiation pattern, voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR), gain, bandwidth, and return loss are among the antenna performance metrics used to assess the suggested antenna's performance in each switching situation. The simulation findings suggest that the optimal antenna design for usage in wireless communication systems is one that works well with a shunt-series MEMS switch.
Robust embedded access control system based on face and encrypted QR with RPi4 Hammami, Samir Marwan; Alhammami, Muhammad
International Journal of Reconfigurable and Embedded Systems (IJRES) Vol 13, No 3: November 2024
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijres.v13.i3.pp586-594

Abstract

Facial-based recognition systems are commonly used for building access control, with the accuracy and computing requirements still being improved. On the other hand, QR codes are gaining rising attention as an input interface to many embedded applications. This paper proposes an embedded access control system that customises both previous techniques to be implemented on the CPU of a low-cost Raspberry Pi 4 computer. The achieved system works smoothly with a frame rate of 8.27 FPS, increasing the accessing control's robustness compared to a system based on face recognition only. It also offers the ability to control the access of unknown faces. In tandem with integration, this strengthens security measures, improves user experience, and outperforms conventional access control approaches, creating an attractive offer for many businesses.
Hyperelliptic curve based authentication for the internet of drones Gnanaraj, Aloy Anuja Mary; Abbasali, Farithkhan; Kumar, Aanandha Saravanan; Subramanian, Sathyasri Bala; Chinnathambi, Murugan
International Journal of Reconfigurable and Embedded Systems (IJRES) Vol 13, No 1: March 2024
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijres.v13.i1.pp133-142

Abstract

Drones provide an alternative progression in protection submissions since they are capable of conducting autonomous seismic investigations. Recent advancement in unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) communication is an internet of a drone combined with 5G networks. Because of the quick utilization of rapidly progressed registering frameworks besides 5G officialdoms, the information from the user is consistently refreshed and pooled. Thus, safety or confidentiality is vital among clients, and a proficient substantiation methodology utilizing a vigorous sanctuary key. Conventional procedures ensure a few restrictions however taking care of the assault arrangements in information transmission over the internet of drones (IOD) environmental frameworks. A unique hyper elliptical curve (HEC) cryptographically based validation system is proposed to provide protected data facilities among drones. The proposed method has been compared with the existing methods in terms of packet loss rate, computational cost, and delay and thereby provides better insight into efficient and secure communication. Finally, the simulation results show that our strategy is efficient in both computation and communication.

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