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Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research

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Published by Universitas Sriwijaya

ISSN : - EISSN : 25980580 DOI : -

Core Subject : Health, Science,

Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience

BioScientia Medicina is an open access international scholarly journal in the field of biomedicine and translational research aimed to publish a high-quality scientific paper including original research papers, reviews, short communication, and technical notes. This journal welcomes the submission of articles that offering a sensible transfer of basic research to applied clinical medicine. BioScientia Medicina covers the latest developments in various fields of biomedicine with special attention to medical sciences, Traditional Herb, genetics, immunology, environmental health, toxicology, bioinformatics and biotechnology as well as multidisciplinary studies. The views of experts on current advances in nanotechnology and molecular/cell biology will be also considered for publication as long as they have a direct clinical impact on human health.

Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Anatomi

Articles 1,509 Documents

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Diagnostic Accuracy of the Triglyceride-Glucose (TyG) Index for Identifying Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease in Type 2 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Analysis Mathias Wahyu Manumpak Lumbantobing; Nindia Sugih Arto; Sylvia Youvella; Ricke Loesnihari; Mohammad Riza Lubis; Ranti Permata Sari
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 10 No. 6 (2026): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v10i6.1604

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a debilitating microvascular complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), fundamentally exacerbated by systemic insulin resistance and glucolipotoxicity. The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index is emerging as a practical surrogate for insulin resistance. This study aims to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the TyG index in identifying advanced CKD among adults with T2DM. Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was conducted on 44 adult T2DM patients with CKD at a tertiary referral hospital. To establish an adequate diagnostic threshold, advanced CKD was explicitly defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 30 mL/min/1.73 m2 (Stages IV and V). Patients were statistically stratified into three equal tertiles based on their TyG index. Diagnostic performance was evaluated using the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Results: The median eGFR demonstrated a severe, statistically significant decline across increasing TyG tertiles (Tertile I: 54.09; Tertile II: 36.42; Tertile III: 19.12 mL/min/1.73 m2; p < 0.001). ROC analysis revealed a strong diagnostic profile for identifying advanced CKD, yielding an Area Under the Curve (AUC) of 0.756 (95% CI: 0.595–0.916, p = 0.002). An optimal cut-off value of 8.81 provided a sensitivity of 89.5% (95% CI: 66.9–98.7%), a specificity of 60.0% (95% CI: 38.7–78.9%), a positive predictive value of 63.0% (95% CI: 42.4–80.6%), and a negative predictive value of 88.2% (95% CI: 63.6–98.5%). Conclusion: The TyG index is strongly associated with renal decline in T2DM. It serves as a highly accessible, adjunctive screening tool to stratify patients at risk for severe renal impairment.

Personalized Periodontal Regeneration: Integrating 3D Bioprinting with Autologous Activated Growth Factor (AGF) for Enhanced Alveolar Bone Defect Healing Zelka Dapala; Rachmat Hidayat; Muhammad Ashraf
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 9 No. 12 (2025): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v9i12.1605

Background: The complete structural restoration of alveolar bone defects remains a critical challenge in reconstructive periodontology. Conventional grafting methods often fail to replicate the complex microarchitecture of periodontal tissues. This study integrated three-dimensional bioprinting technology with Autologous Activated Growth Factor to construct personalized scaffolds for treating severe infrabony periodontal defects. Methods: A randomized controlled clinical study was conducted at a private hospital in Palembang, South Sumatera, involving patients with Stage III periodontitis exhibiting vertical alveolar bone defects. Cone-beam computed tomography data guided the precise three-dimensional bioprinting of polycaprolactone and beta-tricalcium phosphate scaffolds. These constructs were functionalized operatively with Autologous Activated Growth Factor prepared from peripheral blood. The control group received conventional deproteinized bovine bone mineral with a collagen membrane. Clinical attachment level, probing depth, and radiographic bone fill were evaluated over six months. Results: The three-dimensional bioprinted scaffolds functionalized with Autologous Activated Growth Factor demonstrated superior clinical outcomes. At six months, the experimental group showed a mean probing depth reduction of 4.82 mm and a clinical attachment level gain of 4.15 mm. Radiographic analysis revealed a mean bone fill of 82.4% in the experimental group compared to 64.1% in the control. Inflammatory biomarkers were significantly modulated, indicating a highly favorable regenerative microenvironment. Conclusion: The synergistic integration of personalized three-dimensional bioprinted scaffolds with the potent osteoinductive and angiogenic properties of Autologous Activated Growth Factor significantly enhanced alveolar bone defect healing, providing a highly predictable alternative for complex periodontal regeneration.

Intraocular Pressure Dynamics and Ischaemic Risks During Air Travel Post-Gas Tamponade: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Vina Yuwanda; I Gusti Ayu Made Juliari; Ida Ayu Ary Pramita; I Made Ady Wirawan
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 10 No. 6 (2026): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v10i6.1606

Background: Gas tamponade is a widely used surgical intervention for retinal detachment repair. However, intraocular gas bubbles expand at altitude owing to Boyle's law, potentially causing severe intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation and ischaemic complications. The safety of air travel for patients with residual intraocular gas remains insufficiently characterised. Methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of empirical and computational studies examining IOP dynamics during simulated or actual altitude exposure in eyes with intraocular gas. We searched MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus and PubMed Central through March 2024 for peer-reviewed publications without language restrictions. Study selection followed PRISMA 2020 guidelines with predefined eligibility criteria. Data were extracted in duplicate, and risk of bias assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Random-effects meta-analysis calculated standardised mean differences (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Sensitivity analyses stratified findings by study type. Results: The primary analysis included three empirical studies (n = 47 eyes) showing IOP increase of SMD = 3.03 (95% CI: 2.18–3.89; I² = 17.16%, τ² = 0.11). Sensitivity analysis including all four studies (one computational model) yielded SMD = 4.67 (95% CI: 1.52–7.82; I² = 95.67%, τ² = 9.81). Individual study estimates ranged from SMD = 2.52 (Mills 2001) to SMD = 8.65 (Gsellman 2016, computational). Risk of bias was generally low to moderate. No significant publication bias was detected. Conclusion: Patients with residual intraocular gas who undertake air travel face meaningful IOP elevation at altitude. The risk of anterior segment ischaemic complications warrants careful patient counselling, altitude restriction recommendations, and prophylactic pharmacotherapy. Future prospective studies should evaluate optimal clinical protocols.

The Paradoxical Prognostic Value of Endogenous Melatonin in Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Mild-to-Moderate versus Malignant Infarctions Merry Angeline; Desak Ketut Indrasari Utami; Kumara Tini
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 10 No. 6 (2026): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v10i6.1607

Background: Acute ischaemic stroke (AIS) is a leading global cause of morbidity and mortality. While endogenous melatonin is widely proposed as a neuroprotectant, recent clinical evidence suggests a paradoxical, severity-dependent prognostic relationship. This meta-analysis synthesises evidence regarding this paradox and its prognostic implications. Methods: A systematic search of major databases through March 2026 identified observational studies correlating endogenous melatonin levels with AIS clinical outcomes. Data were stratified by stroke severity phenotype, and standardised mean differences were calculated using random-effects meta-regression models. Results: Ten observational studies comprising 847 AIS patients were included. A striking paradox emerged: in patients with mild-to-moderate stroke, lower melatonin concentrations were associated with poor clinical outcomes. Conversely, in malignant middle cerebral artery infarctions, higher melatonin concentrations were paradoxically linked to worse clinical outcomes, including increased mortality. Extreme overall heterogeneity (I²=97.85%) was substantially resolved (I²=0%) upon proper severity stratification. Conclusion: The prognostic implications of endogenous melatonin fundamentally differ according to stroke severity phenotype. This severity-dependent paradox likely reflects context-dependent alterations in melatonin signalling pathway efficacy. Mechanistic investigations and well-designed prospective trials are urgently warranted to elucidate the underlying pathophysiology.

Anesthetic Management of High-Risk Mitral Valve Replacement in a Young Adult with Posterior Leaflet Prolapse, Biventricular Dysfunction Risk, and Pulmonary Hypertension: A Case Report Vera Muharrami; Robfadli Purnanda; Elwistrihady
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 10 No. 6 (2026): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v10i6.1608

Background: Mitral valve disease with concurrent pulmonary hypertension and biventricular dysfunction represents a complex surgical challenge requiring meticulous perioperative management. This case report presents the anesthetic approach to a 43-year-old male with severe mitral regurgitation secondary to posterior leaflet prolapse, Grade III diastolic dysfunction, and intermediate probability pulmonary hypertension undergoing elective mitral valve replacement. Case presentation: The patient presented with 6-month progressive dyspnea, chronic cough, bilateral lower-limb edema, and abdominal distension. Transthoracic echocardiography revealed severe mitral regurgitation with an effective regurgitant orifice area of 2.7 cm², bilateral atrial dilation, moderate tricuspid regurgitation, reduced tricuspid regurgitation jet velocity suggesting intermediate pulmonary hypertension probability, and preserved left ventricular ejection fraction of 68% with severely restrictive diastolic filling pattern. The patient underwent uncomplicated elective mitral valve replacement under general anesthesia with cardiopulmonary bypass. Intraoperative management emphasized hemodynamic stability through judicious fluid administration, careful anesthetic agent selection, and appropriate pulmonary vascular protection strategies. Cardiopulmonary bypass time was 125 minutes with an aortic cross-clamp time of 57 minutes. The postoperative course was uneventful with prompt extubation and discharge from intensive care on postoperative day three. Conclusion: This case illustrates the importance of comprehensive preoperative optimization, multimodal monitoring, and tailored intraoperative management in patients presenting with the complex intersection of severe organic mitral valve disease, pulmonary hypertension, and advanced diastolic dysfunction. The use of sevoflurane-based anesthesia, preservation of systemic vascular resistance, and lung-protective ventilation strategies contributed to favorable perioperative outcomes. This case highlights unique management considerations that may not be extensively detailed in standard anesthetic textbooks and demonstrates successful outcomes despite significant preoperative cardiac compromise.

Rhodomyrtus tomentosa Leaf Extract Cream Suppresses MMP-1 Expression and Epidermal Thickening in UVB-Irradiated Swiss Webster Mice Defa Agripratama Ali; Zen Hafy; Veny Larasati; Nora Ramkita
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 10 No. 6 (2026): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v10i6.1609

Background: Ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation induces matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) expression and epidermal hyperplasia, contributing to photoaging. Rhodomyrtus tomentosa (karamunting) is rich in polyphenolic compounds with documented antioxidant properties, but its in vivo photoprotective effects remain unexplored. Methods: We investigated the effects of R. tomentosa leaf extract cream at varying concentrations (0%, 12.5%, 25%, 50%) on UVB-irradiated Swiss Webster mice (n=4 per group). UVB exposure was standardized at approximately 150 mJ/cm² per session over seven consecutive days. Vitamin E cream served as a positive control. Immunohistochemical staining quantified MMP-1 expression as a percentage of positive cells, while hematoxylin-eosin histology measured epidermal thickness. Results: Kruskal-Wallis testing revealed significant differences in both MMP-1 expression (H=10.43, p=0.015) and epidermal thickness (H=10.88, p=0.012). The 25% extract concentration optimally suppressed MMP-1 expression (mean 45.94% of positive cells) compared to the untreated UVB control (89.53%). A biphasic dose-response pattern emerged, with hormetic effects observed at 50% concentration (76.45%), suggesting polyphenol pro-oxidant activity at excessive concentrations. Epidermal thickness normalized with 25% treatment (71.8 μm) versus UVB control (93.4 μm). Immunohistochemical intensity decreased progressively with treatment intensification through 25%, supporting suppression of MMP-1-mediated collagen degradation. Conclusion: R. tomentosa leaf extract cream at 25% concentration effectively suppresses MMP-1 expression and normalizes UVB-induced epidermal thickening in mice. The hormetic response at higher concentrations highlights the importance of dose optimization in phytotherapeutic development. This work establishes the first in vivo evidence for karamunting leaf extract as a photoprotective agent and supports further clinical translation.

Atypical Presentation of Clinically Non-Functioning Pituitary Macroadenoma: Case Report of Concurrent Graves' Disease and Multi-Axis Pituitary Hypofunction in a 40-Year-Old Female Rizkha Amaliya; Dolly Irfandy; Hesty Lidya Ningsih; Alexander Kam; Mardijas Efendi
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 10 No. 6 (2026): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v10i6.1610

Background: Non-functioning pituitary adenomas (NFPAs) present variable clinical manifestations depending on tumor size and location. Concurrent primary autoimmune thyroid disease in NFPA patients is exceptionally rare and requires careful diagnostic distinction from secondary hypothyroidism. Case presentation: A 40-year-old female presented with progressive bilateral peripheral vision narrowing over 3 months, chronic bifrontal headaches, secondary amenorrhea, and nocturia-predominant polyuria. Neuro-ophthalmologic examination revealed bitemporal hemianopsia with visual acuity 20/200 left eye and 20/25 right eye. Endocrine evaluation demonstrated: primary hyperthyroidism (TSH 0.02 µIU/mL, FT4 28.32 pmol/L, positive thyroid receptor antibodies), secondary adrenal insufficiency (cortisol 1 µg/dL, ACTH <5 pg/mL), and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (LH 1.62 IU/L). Neuroimaging revealed a 2.13 × 2.28 × 3.05 cm sellar/suprasellar lesion with optic chiasm compression (Knosp Grade II). Endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery achieved complete gross total resection. Histopathology confirmed null-cell adenoma with low Ki-67 proliferation index (2%). Conclusion: Postoperative course was uncomplicated with rapid visual field improvement, complete resolution of bitemporal hemianopsia by 2 weeks, and normalization of all endocrine axes by 12 weeks, including menstrual recovery and gonadal axis restoration. This case illustrates the diagnostic challenge of distinguishing secondary hyperprolactinemia from primary prolactinoma in NFPA, the rarity of concurrent Graves' disease with pituitary macroadenoma, and favorable outcomes with complete surgical decompression achieving multisystem endocrine recovery.

Risk of Acute Myocardial Infarction in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Compared with the General Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Eli Novi; Wahyudi
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 10 No. 6 (2026): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v10i6.1611

Background: Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are at substantially elevated risk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) compared with the general population, attributable to a complex interplay of accelerated atherosclerosis, coronary microvascular dysfunction, antiphospholipid antibody-mediated thrombosis, and dysregulated innate immunity. Pooled estimates across published meta-analyses have not been formally synthesised. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted in accordance with PRISMA 2020 guidelines. PubMed, MEDLINE, and EMBASE were searched through 2 April 2026 for studies reporting the relative risk (RR) of AMI in SLE patients versus the general population. Three eligible meta-analyses providing RR estimates were identified. Data were pooled using the DerSimonian-Laird random-effects model with Hartung-Knapp-Sidik-Jonkman (HKSJ) adjustment, implemented in R 4.5.3 (packages meta v8.2-1 and metafor v4.8-0). Heterogeneity was assessed using Cochran’s Q and I². Publication bias was evaluated using Egger’s precision-effect test. A sensitivity analysis incorporating all five eligible comparative studies with mixed effect measures (RR, rate ratio, OR) was performed, alongside subgroup analysis by study design. Results: Three meta-analyses incorporating 24 to 46 primary studies and representing data from approximately 168,000 SLE patients were eligible for the primary pool. The pooled RR of AMI in SLE patients was 2.95 (95% CI 2.57–3.39; p < 0.001). Heterogeneity was negligible (I² = 0.0%; Q = 0.04, p = 0.98; τ² = 0.000). Weights were: Bello et al. 2023 (61.5%), Yazdany et al. 2020 (31.5%), Gu et al. 2019 (7.0%). Sensitivity analysis, including all five comparative studies (mixed measures), yielded a pooled effect of 5.27 (95% CI 2.91–9.53) with substantial heterogeneity (I² = 92.7%, Q = 55.11, p < 0.001), consistent with expected heterogeneity from mixing incompatible effect measures. Subgroup analysis by design showed Q-difference = 55.07 (df = 2, p < 0.001). Egger’s test was non-significant (t = 1.63, p = 0.35). Conclusion: SLE patients face approximately a three-fold elevated risk of AMI compared with the general population, a finding derived from homogeneous, high-quality evidence and confirmed by sensitivity analyses. These findings underscore the need for systematic, SLE-specific cardiovascular risk management, including judicious use of hydroxychloroquine, lipid-lowering therapy, and multidisciplinary cardiorheumatology follow-up.

Perioperative Anesthesia Challenges in a Neonate with Concurrent Intussusception and Abdominal Compartment Syndrome: A Rare Clinical Scenario Pratama Nanda; Dino Irawan; Aditya Permana
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 10 No. 6 (2026): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v10i6.1612

Background: Intussusception and abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) are severe surgical emergencies in pediatric populations, particularly in neonates. The concurrent presentation of both conditions is exceptionally rare and presents formidable perioperative anesthetic challenges. Case presentation: We report the case of a 2-month-old male neonate weighing 6.9 kg who presented with a 4-day history of bloody stools and bilious vomiting following blunt abdominal trauma inflicted by a 12 kg sibling. Clinical examination and imaging confirmed concurrent intussusception with abdominal compartment syndrome. The patient presented with significant hematologic derangements including severe leukopenia (WBC 1,180/μL), anemia (hemoglobin 9.2 g/dL), thrombocytosis, coagulopathy (INR 1.88), and electrolyte abnormalities. Emergency rapid sequence induction anesthesia was employed with careful fluid management utilizing the Holliday-Segar formula to prevent exacerbation of compartment pressures. A successful exploratory laparotomy with resection of necrotic small bowel segments was performed. Conclusion: The case demonstrates the critical importance of comprehensive preoperative assessment, meticulous fluid management strategies, and multidisciplinary collaboration in managing complex neonatal surgical emergencies. This rare clinical scenario highlights unique anesthetic considerations and provides valuable insights into perioperative management of ACS in the neonatal population.

High-Altitude Maculopathy in Mountaineers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Rataya Paramitha Maliawan; I Made Ady Wirawan; I Gusti Ayu Made Juliari; Ida Ayu Ary Pramita
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 10 No. 6 (2026): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v10i6.1613

Background: High-altitude maculopathy (HAM) represents a distinct form of high-altitude retinopathy affecting mountaineers at extreme elevations. Despite increased mountaineering activity, the prevalence and clinical significance of HAM remain poorly characterised in systematic reviews. Methods: A comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted following PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Databases searched included PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and manual review of reference lists through April 2026. Eligible studies were prospective and retrospective cohorts reporting HAM prevalence in mountaineers at altitude ≥3,500 metres. Risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Meta-analysis employed the Freeman-Tukey double arcsine transformation with DerSimonian-Laird random-effects modelling. Results: Three prospective studies (n=50 mountaineers) were analysed with a pooled prevalence of 73.37% (95% confidence interval: 60.28–84.72%). Heterogeneity was absent (I²=0%, Q=0.78, p=0.678). Subgroup analysis demonstrated a higher prevalence at extreme altitude (≥5,000 m: 78.6%) versus very high altitude (3,500–4,999 m: 70%). Sensitivity ranged 67.48–83.76%. Funnel plot inspection revealed no evidence of publication bias. Conclusion: Approximately three-quarters of mountaineers experience HAM at high altitude, with prevalence increasing at extreme elevations. HAM represents a common but underrecognised altitude-related ocular complication. Future prospective studies should employ standardised diagnostic criteria and investigate the mechanistic pathways of macular involvement.

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Rachmat Hidayat

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Kab. ogan ilir,

Sumatera selatan

INDONESIA