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Medika Kartika : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan
Published by Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani
ISSN : 26139332     EISSN : 26556537     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.35990/mk
Core Subject : Health,
Dentistry Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Veterinary
Medika Kartika : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan adalah jurnal yang mempublikasikan artikel hasil penelitian baik ilmu kedokteran dasar maupun terapan, tinjauan pustaka (artikel review), dan laporan kasus. Medika Kartika dipublikasikan dua kali dalam setahun (April dan Oktober) dengan jumlah enam artikel.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 281 Documents
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DIFFERENCES IN HDL AND TRIGLYCERIDE LEVELS IN OBESE AND NORMAL WEIGHT PATIENTS WITH METABOLIC SYNDROME: A LITERATURE REVIEW Ramadhan, Muhammad Zidan; Rakhmat, Iis Inayati; Yuslianti, Euis Reni
Medika Kartika : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 8 No 4 (2025): Medika Kartika : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani

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Abstract

Metabolic Syndrome (MS) is a cluster of complex metabolic disorders characterized by central obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and hypertension, which collectively increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. One important indicator of dyslipidemia is the triglyceride-to-high-density lipoprotein (HDL) ratio, where elevated triglycerides and reduced HDL levels reflect an imbalance in lipid metabolism. The risk of MS is not only found in obese individuals but also in those with normal body weight (metabolically obese normal-weight individuals), indicating that visceral fat distribution, genetic factors, and lifestyle also play a role. This literature review aims to examine differences in HDL and triglyceride levels in MS patients with obesity and normal body weight. Articles were searched through PubMed, DOAJ, Google Scholar, and GARUDA databases within the last 10 years using relevant keywords. Of the 18 articles that met the inclusion criteria, the review showed a consistent pattern indicating that individuals with MS, whether in the obese or normal-weight groups, exhibited elevated triglyceride levels accompanied by significantly reduced HDL levels. These findings highlight that lipid abnormalities represent a central mechanism in MS that contributes to the risk of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease, regardless of body weight status. In conclusion, this review demonstrates that there are differences in triglyceride and HDL levels among MS patients with obesity and those with normal body weight, suggesting that lipid profile evaluation should be a primary focus in cardiometabolic disease prevention strategies. Keywords: dyslipidemia, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), obesity, metabolic syndrome, triglycerides DOI : 10.35990/mk.v8n4.p423-433
PENGARUH BUBUK BAWANG BOMBAI MERAH TERHADAP BIOMARKER INFLAMASI PADA MENCIT MODEL ARTHRITIS GOUT Victoriana, Maulida Zaharani; Nabila, Luthfia; Putri, Diah Anggun Febriana; Safitri, Azizah Hikma; Tyagita, Nurina
Medika Kartika : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 9 No 1 (2026): Medika Kartika : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani

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Abstract

Gouty arthritis is an inflammatory joint disorder caused by the accumulation of monosodium urate (MSU) crystals. It is characterized by elevated levels of several inflammatory biomarkers, including interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and C-reactive protein (CRP). Acute inflammation can be reduced by natural substances containing quercetin, which has anti-inflammatory properties, such as red onions (Allium cepa L.). This study aimed to determine the effect of red onion powder on inflammatory biomarkers in mice induced with MSU crystals. This study was conducted at the Food and Nutrition Study Center (PSPG) Laboratory, Gadjah Mada University (UGM), Yogyakarta, from July to August 2024. This true experimental study used a post-test control group design. Twenty-seven male Balb/C mice were divided into three groups: (1). control, (2). AG: mice induced with MSU crystals, and (3). ROP: mice induced with MSU crystals and treated with red onion powder. Gouty arthritis induction in the AG & ROP groups was performed using an intra-articular injection of MSU crystals at 1 mg/20 g BW, confirmed by the presence of plantar edema. The ROP group received red onion powder at a dose of 27 mg/20 g BW/day for seven consecutive days. IL-6, TNF-α, and CRP levels were measured using ELISA one day after treatment. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA with a significance level of 0.05. The mean of IL-6 (95.33±0.99 pg/mL), TNF-α (8.09±0.51 pg/mL), and CRP (0.93±0.01 ng/mL) levels in the ROP group were lower than those in the AG group (139.65±1.01 pg/mL; 16.07±0.27 pg/mL; 2.41±0.02 ng/mL) (p < 0.05). Administration of red onion powder affected inflammatory biomarkers in mice induced with MSU crystals. Keywords: gouty arthritis, inflammatory biomarkers, red onion powder DOI : 10.35990/mk.v9n1.p13-22
CORRELATION BETWEEN PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND COGNITIVE FUNCTION AMONG THE ELDERLY AT PADANG KANDIS PUBLIC HEALTH CENTER Zulviyanda, Zakiya; Anggraini, Fika Tri; Tofrizal, Tofrizal
Medika Kartika : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 9 No 1 (2026): Medika Kartika : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani

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Abstract

The increasing global elderly population has been accompanied by a rise in age-related health problems, particularly degenerative conditions such as cognitive decline. Physical activity is considered a modifiable factor that may play a protective role in maintaining cognitive health, as regular exercise is believed to delay cognitive deterioration in older adults. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between physical activity and cognitive function among elderly individuals living within the service area of Padang Kandis Public Health Center, located in Lima Puluh Kota Regency. This study employed an analytic observational design with a cross-sectional approach. Participants were selected using a consecutive sampling technique, resulting in 52 elderly individuals residing in the study area. Physical activity levels were assessed using the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ), while cognitive performance was evaluated using the Indonesian version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA-Ina). Bivariate analysis was performed using the chi-square test. The results showed that 23 respondents (44.23%) engaged in a moderate level of physical activity, and 27 respondents (51.92%) demonstrated normal cognitive function. Statistical analysis indicated a significant relationship between physical activity and cognitive function, with a p-value of 0.001 (p < 0.05). In conclusion, this study demonstrated a significant association between physical activity levels and cognitive performance in the elderly population served by the Padang Kandis Public Health Center. Keywords: cognitive function, elderly, GPAQ, MoCA-Ina, physical activity DOI : 10.35990/mk.v9n1.p57-67
THE EFFECT OF CURCUMA ZEDOARIA EXTRACT ON LIVER DAMAGE BIOMARKERS IN A DIABETIC RAT MODEL Maulia, Nurdiana; Amalia, Gradis; Azizah, Muna Dasa; Widyasari, Aliya Syukur; Ramadhani, Hesa Haidar; Pramesti, Marshanda Hasna; Sampurna, Sampurna; Tyagita, Nurina; Widiyanto, Bagas
Medika Kartika : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 9 No 1 (2026): Medika Kartika : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani

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Abstract

Uncontrolled hyperglycemia in diabetes mellitus (DM) can cause liver tissue damage. This can be characterized by increased levels of several biomarkers, including transaminase and transferase enzymes and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level, as well as decreased bilirubin and albumin levels. White turmeric (Curcuma zedoaria) contains high levels of antioxidants and anti-inflammatory compounds. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of white turmeric extract on liver damage biomarkers in DM rats. This true experimental study used a post-test-only control group design. The test subjects were 28 male Wistar rats divided through two randomizations. In the first randomization, rats were allocated into two groups (control/K1 and the DM rat group) with a ratio of 1:3. DM was induced by an intraperitoneal injection of niacinamide (NA) 45 mg/kg BW followed by streptozotocin (STZ) 110 mg/kg BW 15 minutes later. The second randomization divided the DM rats into three groups: K2 (DM only), K3, and K4 (each receiving white turmeric extract at 9 and 18 mg/g BW, respectively) for 28 days. The next day, liver biomarkers were measured. A one-way ANOVA test for SGOT, GGT, AFP, and albumin levels showed p<0.05. Likewise, the Kruskal-Wallis test for SGPT and bilirubin levels also showed significant differences. The levels of SGOT, SGPT, GGT, AFP, bilirubin, and albumin differed significantly among the four groups. AFP and bilirubin levels in K4 were lower than in K3 and K2, while albumin levels were higher than in those groups. Administration of white turmeric extract reduced transaminase and transferase enzymes, bilirubin, and AFP, and increased albumin levels in DM Wistar rats. Keywords: diabetes mellitus, liver damage biomarkers, white turmeric DOI : 10.35990/mk.v9n1.p1-12
BIODIVERSITY OF ADULT FEMALE MOSQUITOES: ACTIVE SURVEILLANCE TO ADDRESS MOSQUITO-BORNE DISEASES IN CIMAHI, INDONESIA Faridah, Lia; Thufail, Muhammad Akbar; Zahra, Ridha Beta; Fauziah, Nisa; Qaromah, Annisa Abdiwijaya; Watanabe, Kozo
Medika Kartika : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 9 No 1 (2026): Medika Kartika : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani

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Abstract

Mosquito-borne diseases are a global health threat, especially in developing cities such as Cimahi City, West Java, which has shown an increase in cases of dengue fever and filariasis. Limited data on adult mosquito vectors in Cimahi prompted this exploratory descriptive study. A total of 439 female mosquitoes were collected from 15 villages during the dry and rainy seasons using light traps, then identified morphologically. Diversity analysis was conducted using the Shannon-Wiener index (H'), while comparisons between locations were performed using the Kruskal-Wallis test due to non-normal data distribution. The results showed that Culex spp. (54.67%) dominated, followed by Aedes aegypti (32.19%), Armigeres spp. (10.02%), and Aedes albopictus (3.19%). Baros had the highest number of mosquitoes (77), while Central Cimahi had the lowest (11). The majority of villages showed low diversity (H' ≤ 1) and uneven distribution (J < 0.5) with the dominance of certain species. The Kruskal-Wallis test found no significant difference in the number of mosquitoes between villages (p = 0.993). Keywords: Cimahi City, mosquito diversity, mosquito-borne diseases DOI : 10.35990/mk.v9n1.p68-78
PENGARUH VAKSIN COVID-19 MULTIEPITOP DENGAN KITOSAN TERHADAP HISTOPATOLOGI JANTUNG MENCIT BALB/C Paryati, Sayu Putu Yuni; Abbas, Endah Hamidah; Wibowo, Wahyu Rizky
Medika Kartika : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 9 No 1 (2026): Medika Kartika : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani

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Abstract

The multi-epitope COVID-19 vaccine contains epitopes designed to induce an immune response, using SARS-CoV-2 as the model antigen. This study examined its effects on the cardiac histopathology of male BALB/c mice. A total of 25 mice were divided into five groups: a negative control that received no treatment (K), a 500 µg multi-epitope COVID-19 vaccine evaluated on day 7 after the second dose (P1), a 500 µg multi-epitope COVID-19 vaccine evaluated on day 14 after the second dose (P2), a 500 µg multi-epitope COVID-19 vaccine formulated with chitosan and evaluated on day 7 after the second dose (P3), and a 500 µg multi-epitope COVID-19 vaccine formulated with chitosan and evaluated on day 14 after the second dose (P4). Myocardial tissue was examined microscopically for inflammatory cell infiltration, degeneration, and necrosis. The study used a completely randomized design with a post-test-only control group. Based on the Dallas criteria, no myocarditis was identified, with or without necrosis, as all groups showed no inflammatory cell infiltration. However, vacuolar and fatty degeneration were observed in both the negative control and the treatment groups (P1, P2, P3, P4), which were likely unrelated to the administration of the multi-epitope COVID-19 vaccine, with or without chitosan adjuvant. These findings indicate that the vaccine induces an immune response without causing hyperactivation or hypersensitivity, so the response remains limited and controlled. Keywords: cardiac histopathology, cardiomyocyte degeneration, chitosan adjuvant, COVID-19, multi-epitope vaccine DOI : 10.35990/mk.v9n1.p23-34
PERBANDINGAN EFEKTIVITAS ASAM MEFENAMAT, PARASETAMOL, DAN IBUPROFEN DALAM PENGELOLAAN NYERI KEPALA PRIMER PADA MAHASISWA KEDOKTERAN Djajasasmita, Daswara; Nugraha, Rhea Veda; Azhari, Anfika
Medika Kartika : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 9 No 1 (2026): Medika Kartika : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani

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Abstract

Primary headache is a common neurological complaint among medical students, often associated with academic stress, sleep deprivation, and unhealthy lifestyle patterns. Over-the-counter analgesics such as mefenamic acid, paracetamol, and ibuprofen are frequently used for self-medication; however, comparative data regarding their effectiveness in this population remain limited. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of these three drugs in the management of primary headache among medical students. This study employed an analytical cross-sectional design involving 73 students from the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani, class of 2024. Data were collected using questionnaires assessing the type of analgesic used, onset of action, and duration of effect, and were analyzed using the Kruskal–Wallis test. Most respondents were classified as having probable migraine (61.7%) based on the HSQ. Paracetamol was the most commonly used analgesic (75.3%), followed by ibuprofen (9.9%) and mefenamic acid (4.9%). The fastest onset of action (<30 minutes) was most frequently reported with mefenamic acid (75%), while the longest duration of effect (>8 hours) was mainly observed with ibuprofen and mefenamic acid (25% each). However, no statistically significant differences were found in onset of action (p = 0.472) or duration of effect (p = 0.060) among the three drugs. These findings indicate that the three analgesics demonstrate comparable effectiveness in relieving primary headache among medical students. The observed differences appear to represent clinical tendencies rather than statistically significant variations. Keywords: ibuprofen, medical student, mefenamic acid, paracetamol, primary headache DOI : 10.35990/mk.v9n1.p79-90
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TUBERCULOSIS AND STUNTING IN TODDLERS AT THE PEDIATRIC CLINIC OF DUSTIRA HOSPITAL Dzakira, Jasmine Shafa; Ayukarningsih, Yoke; Pratiwi, Siska Telly
Medika Kartika : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 9 No 1 (2026): Medika Kartika : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani

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Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. TB is one of the chronic infections that can affect the nutritional status of toddlers. Children suffering from TB are at risk of experiencing stunting. This study aimed to determine the relationship between tuberculosis and stunting among toddlers attending the Pediatric Clinic of Dustira Hospital. This research employed an analytical method with a cross-sectional design involving 90 toddlers aged 24–59 months at the Pediatric Clinic of Dustira Hospital. The study utilized secondary data obtained from the medical records of patients from the Pediatric Clinic of Dustira Hospital during the 2021–2022 period. Data were analysed using univariate and bivariate analyses with the chi-square test. The results showed that 17.7% of toddlers with TB experienced stunting. Statistical analysis indicated a significant relationship between TB and the incidence of stunting among toddlers (p-value = 0.044). Toddlers with TB were found to be 4.65 times more likely to experience stunting. TB, as a chronic disease, is associated with malnutrition in toddlers. Chronic malnutrition leads to a decrease in the linear growth rate as the body attempts to compensate in order to maintain its nutritional status. This linear growth retardation can progress into stunting or even severe stunting. Keywords: stunting, toddlers, tuberculosis DOI : 10.35990/mk.v9n1.p35-44
TERAPI GIZI PADA PASIEN GERIATRI DENGAN STROKE ISKEMIK, PENYAKIT GINJAL KRONIS, PNEUMONIA, DAN DIABETES MELITUS Allysa, Allysa; Fatimah, Siti Nur
Medika Kartika : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 9 No 1 (2026): Medika Kartika : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani

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Abstract

Stroke patients are often at risk of malnutrition and dehydration, conditions that can be exacerbated by comorbidities such as chronic kidney disease (CKD), pneumonia, and type II diabetes mellitus (DM II). Nutritional therapy is essential to improve nutritional status and support clinical and metabolic recovery in these patients. The aim of this article is to report the application and outcomes of nutritional therapy in a 62-year-old female patient with ischemic stroke, CKD, pneumonia, and type II diabetes mellitus. This is a case report of a 62-year-old woman diagnosed with ischemic stroke, pneumonia, CKD, and DM II. The patient presented with loss of consciousness (GCS score E2M2V2), left hemiparesis, and edema in the arms, sacral area, and pretibial region. Nutritional therapy was initiated with an initial caloric intake of 800 kcal, gradually increased to a target of 1800 kcal/day, tailored to the patient’s clinical condition and laboratory findings. The nutritional therapy began with 800 kcal/day and was gradually increased. Although the patient’s serum albumin levels improved from 2.49 g/dL to 2.85 g/dL, her kidney function continued to decline, with increasing levels of blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, C-reactive protein (CRP), and procalcitonin (PCT). The patient ultimately experienced cardiac arrest on the 29th day of treatment, and the family declined resuscitation efforts. Despite the nutritional therapy, the patient’s metabolic abnormalities could not be fully corrected without hemodialysis, which was declined by the family. The therapy provided some support but was insufficient to prevent the progression of renal failure and the patient’s subsequent death. Keywords: chronic kidney disease, nutritional therapy, pneumonia, stroke, type II diabetes mellitus DOI : 10.35990/mk.v9n1.p91-103
Hubungan antara Penggunaan Kontrasepsi Oral dengan Kejadian Hipertensi pada Wanita Usia Subur di Puskesmas Kalumata Tryadi, Muhammad Wahyu; The, Fera; Marsaoli, Ryan Rinaldy
Medika Kartika : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 9 No 1 (2026): Medika Kartika : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani

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Abstract

Hypertension is defined as a medical condition in which blood pressure persistently exceeds the normal limit of ≥140/90 mmHg. In 2018, the prevalence of hypertension in Indonesia reached 34.11%. One significant contributor factor to the development of hypertension is the use of oral contraceptives, which can influence the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone (RAA) system and promote atherosclerosis, leading to elevated blood pressure. This quantitative study aimed to investigate the association between oral contraceptive use and hypertension among women of reproductive age. An observational cross-sectional design was employed. A total of 44 respondents were selected using incidental sampling, and data were analyzed using the Chi-square test. The results showed that 56.8%of respondents were non-hypertensive , 61.4% used combined oral contraceptives, 61.4% were aged >35 years old , 54.5% had used contraception for ≥ 2years , and were overweight (59.1%). Bivariate analysis demonstrated a significant association between oral contraceptive use and hypertension (p = 0.03), as well as between body mass index and hypertension (p = 0.02).to Specifically, women using combined oral contraceptives were found to have a 4.063 times higher risk of developing hypertension compared to those using oral progestins. This increased risk may be attributed to the estrogen components, which can affect the RAA system and contribute to elevated blood pressure through angiotensin II-mediated mechanism. In contrast, no significant association was observed between age and the incidence of hypertension in this population (p = 0.143). Similarly, the duration of oral contraceptive use was not significantly associated with hypertension, (0.107), a finding that may be influenced by the relatively small sample size. Keywords : body mass index, duration, hypertension, oral contraceptive DOI : 10.35990/mk.v9n1.p45-56

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