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ASEAN Journal of Chemical Engineering

AJChE
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Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

ISSN : 26555409 EISSN : 26555409 DOI : https://doi.org/10.22146/ajche.52004

Core Subject : Science, Engineering,

Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry

The ASEAN Journal of Chemical Engineering publishes papers on Chemical Engineering, specifically but not limited to the areas of thermodynamics, reaction kinetics, transport phenomena, process control, environment, energy, biotechnology, corrosion, separation science, powder technology, materials science, and chemical engineering education

Arjuna Subject : Teknik Kimia (semua kategori) - Kimia Proses dan Teknologi

Articles 372 Documents

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Simultaneous Effect Of Temperature And Time Of Deacetylation On Physicochemical Properties Of Glucomannan Dyah Hesti Wardhani; Fatoni Nugroho; Nita Aryanti; Aji Prasetyaningrum
ASEAN Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol 18, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada

The presence of acetyl group in the backbone of water-soluble glucomannan is responsible for its solubility. This solubility requires being modified to support glucomannan application as an encapsulant. Removing the group by deacetylation reduces the solubility. This work was aims to study simultaneous effect of temperature and time of deacetylation on glucomannan physicochemical properties. The deacetylation was conducted in ethanol using Na2CO3 at various times (2, 4, 8, 16, 24 and 28 h) and temperatures (room temperature, 40, 50, and 60°C). The deacetylated samples were subject to degree of deacetylation (DD) as well as solubility and swelling analysis in pH 1.2 and 6.8. DD was in positive correlation with deacetylation time and temperature. The solubility of the deacetylated glucomannan at both pHs decreased along with the deacetylation time. A reverse trend was found for swelling determination at both pHs. Increasing deacetylation temperature showed a positive impact in swelling determination but not occuring on the solubility. Interestingly, the swelling and solubility were lower at pH 1.2 than those at pH 6.8. These results showed physicochemical of deacetylated glucomannan was pH sensitive, hence have a potency as an excipient of controlled-release drug delivery system.

Removing Ethylene by Adsorption using Cobalt Oxide-Loaded Nanoporous Carbon Imam Prasetyo; Nur Indah Fajar Mukti; Moh Fahrurrozi; Teguh Ariyanto
ASEAN Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol 18, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Ethylene is naturally generated by climacteric fruits and can promote the ripening process faster. For effective long-distance transport and subsequent storage, removing ethylene from the storage environment has been of interest to suppress its undesirable effect. In this study, ethylene removal by an adsorptive method using cobalt-loaded nanoporous carbon is studied. Cobalt oxide-loaded carbon was prepared by incipient wetness method followed by calcination process at 200 °C under inert flow. Ethylene adsorption test was performed at 20, 30, and 40 °C using a static volumetric test. The results showed that cobalt oxide/carbon system has significant ethylene adsorption capacity up to 3.5 times higher compared to blank carbon. A higher temperature adsorption is more favorable for this chemisorption process. Ethylene uptake increases from 100 to 150 mL g-1adsorbent STP by increasing cobalt oxide loading on carbon from 10 to 30 wt.% Co. The highest uptake capacity of 6 mmol ethylene per gram adsorbent was obtained using 30 wt.% cobalt oxide. Therefore, ethylene adsorption by cobalt-loaded nanoporous carbon may represent a potential method in ethylene removal and it could serve as a basis for development of ethylene scavenging material.

Microwave Assisted Glycerolysis Of Neem Oil Isabela Celina del Mundo; John Michael Cavarlez; Anna Monica Pe; Susan Roces
ASEAN Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol 18, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Biodiesel is considered as a viable alternative to diesel fuels since it is renewable and eco-friendly. Edible oils account for majority of feedstock oils used in biodiesel production since their free fatty acids (FFA) levels are below 1%. However, these oils are expensive and compete with food demand. Low cost feedstock oils may be used but they must undergo a pre-treatment process (glycerolysis) to reduce their FFA content to less than 1%. Conventional glycerolysis requires long reaction times so microwave irradiation is used to speed up the process. Neem oil with an initial %FFA of 1.138% was used to determine the effect of microwave irradiation on different factors that would affect the FFA reduction. The following factors are investigated: reaction time (5 and 9 minutes), reaction temperature (100°C and 120°C), oil to glycerol molar ratio (1:1 and 1:2) and sulfuric acid catalyst concentration or loading (2% and 4.5%). This study reports that reaction temperature was the only significant factor on FFA reduction. A higher temperature resulted in a higher FFA reduction. The optimum factors achieved are: oil to glycerol molar ratio of 1:1, a catalyst loading of 2%, a time of 5.58 minutes and a reaction temperature of 120°C resulting in a 91.81% FFA reduction

CO Digestion for Biogas Production from Tapioca Industrial Wastewater and Septage Agus Hadiyarto; Danny Soetrisnanto; Asep Muhammad Samsudin; Prinanda De Aqila Asri; Said Abdillah
ASEAN Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol 18, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada

In this study, a combination of substrate rich carbon with substrate rich nitrogen was carried out. The experiments were conducted in batches process by varying the C/N ratio and types of anaerobic microbial sludge of the cow rumen, anaerobic microbial sludgefrom wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) of septage and anaerobic sludge from WWTP of tapioca industry. Practically in the range of C/N ratio 20-30 didn’t give a significant effect on the biogas production.The C/N 30 ratio provides the most biogas production rate, while the microbe derived from the cow rumen gives the most biogas production rate.Adaptation phase occurred up to 11th days, growth phase occurred lasted until day 24st, stationary phase occurred in the range of day 24th-31st and death phase occurred after day 31st. Biogas yield (by cow rumen) is 1,127 liters per kg of COD removed or 161 liters per kg of COD per day.

Comparison of Palm Oil Mill Effluent Electrocoagulation by Using Fe-Fe and Al-Al Electrodes: Box-Behnken Design Darmadi Darmadi; Mirna Rahmah Lubis; Hizir Hizir; Aula Chairunnisak; Bastian Arifin
ASEAN Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol 18, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada

This present research aims to compare the COD removal of palm oil mill effluent (POME) by electrocoagulation using iron and aluminum electrodes. Response surface method coupled Box-Behnken design is applicable to investigate the effect of various process parameters (voltage, operating time and electrolyte concentration) and optimum condition. The optimum condition by using iron electrode is in 43 minutes, 20 volts and 0.06 M NaCl with the COD removal of 95.045%. By using electrode aluminum, optimum condition is 40.35 minutes, 19 volts and 0.1 M NaCl with the COD removal of 89.941%. Energy consumption of iron electrode and aluminum electrode are 0.189 and 0.209 kWh/mg decomposed COD with energy costs of Rp. 255 and Rp. 282/mg decomposed COD. This indicates that energy and cost consumption of electrocoagulation by using Al electrode are higher than those by using iron electrode. Based on the investigation during research, iron electrode is better for reducing COD while the aluminum is better in removing color in POME.

Synthesis of Ni/CaO-γ-Al2O3@Ru Core Shell via Micro-Emulsion Method for Bio-oil Steam Reforming of Empty Fruit Bunch Desi Riana Saputri; Widodo Wahyu Purwanto
ASEAN Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol 18, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Hydrogen production from bio-oil steam reforming plays an important role in the development of renewable hydrogen from biomass to produce the cleanest fuel. However, the existence of coke and low carbon conversion are problems that have been found in some studies. The purpose of this study was to reduce coke formation and to enhance carbon conversion by using core shell nanoparticle catalysts that could increase of surface area, support interaction and its catalytic activity for hydrogen production from bio-oil steam reforming of empty fruit bunch (EFB). Ni/CaO-γ-Al2O3@Ru core shells were prepared by CTAB/n-hexanol/n-hexane/water micro-emulsion system. The catalysts were characterized by means XRD, BET, FESEM-EDS and TEM. Bio-oil aqueous fraction was analyzed by using GC-MS. Carbon conversion and hydrogen yield by using Ni/CaO-γ-Al2O3@Ru core shell are resulted more 68.4 % and 18.6% than using Ni/CaO-γ-Al2O3 catalyst, respectively. The highest hydrogen yield by using Ni/CaO-γ-Al2O3@Ru core shell for steam reforming bio-oil is 5.6% in minute 10 with 0.07 g of coke deposit. The study concludes that the effect of Ni/CaO-γ-Al2O3@Ru core shell is more efficient in hydrogen production, carbon conversion and coke deposit compared to Ni/CaO-γ-Al2O3 catalyst

Biodiesel Production From Calophyllum Inophyllum Using Base Lewis Catalyst Lailatul Qadariyah; Donny Satria Bhuana; Raka Selaksa; Ja'far As Shodiq; Mahfud Mahfud
ASEAN Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol 18, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada

The search for renewable alternative energy must be developed, one of which is biodiesel. Seed Calophyllum inophyllum has a fairly high oil content of about 71.4% by weight, has great potential when used as raw material for making biodiesel. The purpose of this research was to synthesize biodiesel from Calophyllum inophyllum oil through the transesterification process using base lewis catalyst with microwave assisted, comparing the performance of sodium acetate to potassium hydroxide, knowing the amount of catalyst required to obtain the best biodiesel, and knowing the optimum power in the manufacture of biodiesel, The first step of making Calophyllum inophyllum biodiesel is degumming process, then continued with esterification. The next process is transesterification, followed by purification of biodiesel. The catalysts used are CH3COONa, and KOH. From the results, Calophyllum inophyllum oil can be used as biodiesel feedstock, the best operating conditions for base catalyst at 300 W power, 1% (w/w) concentration, produced the best yield is 96% (for KOH catalyst) and 87% (for CH3COONa catalyst).

Effects Of Cu On The Modified Co-Based Catalyst Activity For Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis Zaky Al Fatony; Ahlul Hafizan Resha; Galang Putra Persada; IGBN Makertihartha; Melia Laniwati Gunawan; Subagjo Subagjo
ASEAN Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol 18, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Future fuel scarcity issue has become major concern for many energy security policies. As a very potential process to produce fuel, Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS) with cobalt-based catalyst has been developed to produce wax as feedstock for further catalytic cracking. Therefore, this research was conducted to observe Co/Al2O3 catalyst properties enhancement through support pre-treatment using NH4NO3 and Cu promoter addition toward higher activity and selectivity. Catalysts were prepared by dry impregnation method. XRD, BET and TPR analyses were performed to characterize catalysts properties. Activity tests showed CO conversion, H2 conversion and selectivity of C5+ were in the range of 25.1% to 96.2%, 24.2% to 83.7% and 53.5% to 75.9% respectively. Crystallography measurements exhibited 8.6-9.8 nm cobalt particles size. In this study, FTS was evaluated by using fixed-bed reactor at 20 bar, 250 C, and WHSV of 1500 ml/g.cat/h-1. Support pre-treatment increased the pore size of γ-Al2O3 and slightly enlarged cobalt diameter. While addition of Cu improved the reducibility of the catalyst.

Hybrid Coal: Effects Of Composition And Co-pyrolysis Retention Time in Low Rank Coal and Biomass Waste Co-pyrolysis Process on The Product’s Yield Jenny Rizkiana; Slamet Handoko; Winny Wulandari; Muhammad Afif Ridha; Hendi Aviano Prasetyo; Dwiwahju Sasongko
ASEAN Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol 18, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Low rank coal upgrading into a more efficient and environmentally friendly fuel can be done through copyrolysis with biomass into a fuel called hybrid coal. The purpose of the research is to determine the effects of biomass composition and copyrolysis retention time to the hybrid coal yields. Copyrolysis process conducted in a vertical tubular fixed bed reactor in an inert condition with atmospheric pressure and temperature set at 300oC. Inert condition achieved by flowing nitrogen gas into the reactor with a flowrate of 1.6 L/minutes. Biomass mixing composition is varied at 20, 30, and 40% from the total weight of the mixture. Copyrolysis retention time varied at 30, 60, and 90 minutes. Hybrid coals are characterized by proximate analysis, ultimate analysis, and calorific value measurement. Increase in retention time of copyrolysis from 30 to 90 minutes causing an increase in calorific value of 12.57-23.80%. From the proximate analysis results, fixed carbon content rise with the increase of co-pyrolysis time. The highest fixed carbon content obtained in the variation of 90 minutes, in the range of 49.36-49.75%. Increasing of sawdust composition from 20 to 40%, lowering the calorific value in the range of 0.58-8.55%.

Engine Performance And Smoke Emission Tests Of Transesterified Swietenia macrophylla King (Philippine Broad-Leaved Mahogany) Seed Oil Jeremy James E. Ogilvie; Claudette Miracel R. Oñate; Gemarie Hazel F. Quetua; Maria Natalia R. Dimaano
ASEAN Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol 18, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Biodiesel is the most common alternative fuel that can be used in diesel engines. Commercially 2% of coco methyl ester (CME) as biodiesel is blended with petroleum based diesel and is used as fuel. Exhaust emissions are improved using the biodiesel blends. This study is devoted to the engine performance test of diesel engine as affected by Mahogany Methyl Ester (MhME). The MhME was produced by extracting the oil of the mahogany seeds by solvent extraction using petroleum ether. Sulfuric acid catalyzed esterification and potassium hydroxide- catalyzed transesterification were used for the MhME production. The fuel properties of the B5 and B50 biodiesel blends were determined. The kinematic viscosities of B5 and B50 were reported as 3.21, and 3.63 mm2/sec, respectively. The engine performance test was done on a Gunt Hamburg CT 110 Four-Stroke Diesel Engine. Results showed that B5 MhME obtained the highest power and highest torque at full fuel load. For the fuel consumption, pure commercial diesel was observed to have the lowest at 2500 and at 2750 rpm. In addition, B50 MhME emits less CO2, CO, hydrocarbon and O2.

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Ari Pramudyantoro

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ajche.ft@ugm.ac.id

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+62274555320

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ajche.ft@ugm.ac.id

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Jln. Grafika No. 2 Kampus UGM Yogyakarta Indonesia 55281

Location
Kab. sleman,

Daerah istimewa yogyakarta

INDONESIA

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Home Page

OAI Link

Editorial Team

Contact

Reviewer

Google Scholar

Contact Name Ari Pramudyantoro

Contact Email ajche.ft@ugm.ac.id

Phone +62274555320

Journal Mail Official ajche.ft@ugm.ac.id

Editorial Address Jln. Grafika No. 2 Kampus UGM Yogyakarta Indonesia 55281

Location Kab. sleman, Daerah istimewa yogyakarta INDONESIA

Abstract

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Abstract

Contact Name
Ari Pramudyantoro

Contact Email
ajche.ft@ugm.ac.id

Phone
+62274555320

Journal Mail Official
ajche.ft@ugm.ac.id

Editorial Address
Jln. Grafika No. 2 Kampus UGM Yogyakarta Indonesia 55281

Location
Kab. sleman,

Daerah istimewa yogyakarta

INDONESIA