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All Journal Reaktor International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Chemistry Indonesian Journal of Chemical Research Indonesian Journal of Energy Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Kimia Padjadjaran
Rizkiana, Jenny
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Aerospace Engineering Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Automotive Engineering Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Control & Systems Engineering Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Environmental Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology

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Synthesis and Characterization of Hydrochar and Bio-oil from Hydrothermal Carbonization of Sargassum sp. using Choline Chloride (ChCl) Catalyst Rustamaji, Heri; Prakoso, Tirto; Rizkiana, Jenny; Devianto, Hary; Widiatmoko, Pramujo; Guan, Guoqing
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 11, No 2 (2022): May 2022
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.2022.42595

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to alter the biomass of Sargassum sp. into elective fills and high valuable biomaterials in a hydrothermal process at 200oC for 90 minutes, using ZnCl2 and CaCl2 activating agents, withChClas a catalyst. This method generatedthree primaryoutputs: hydrochar, bio-oil, and gasproducts. ChCl to water ratio varies from 1:3, 1:1, and 3:1. The hydrochar yield improved when the catalyst ratio was increased, but the bio-oil and gas yield declined. The highest hydrochar yields were 76.95, 63.25, and 44.16 percent in ZnCl2, CaCl2, and no activating agent samples, respectively.The porosity analysis observed mesopore structures with the most pore diameters between 3.9-5.2 nm with a surface area between 44.71-55.2. The attribute of interaction between activator and catalyst plays a role in pore formation. The hydrochar products with CaCl2 showed the best thermal stability. From the whole experiment, the optimum hydrochar yield (76.95%), optimum surface area (55.42 m2 g-1), and the increase in carbon content from 21.11 to 37.8% were achieved at the ratio of ChCl to water was three, and the activating agent of ZnCl2. The predominant bio-oil components were hexadecane, hexadecanoic, and 9-octadecenoic acids, with a composition of 51.65, 21.44, and 9.87%, respectively the remaining contained aromatic alkanes and other fatty acids. The findings of this study reported that adding activating agents and catalysts improve hydrochar yield and characteristics of hydrochar and bio-oil products, suggesting the potential of hydrochar as a solid fuel or biomaterial and bio-oil as liquid biofuel
Karakterisasi Fotokatalis Untuk Fotoreduksi Karbon Dioksida Menjadi Asam Format Dalam Fasa Akuatik Rizkiana, Jenny; Devianto, Hary; Soerawidjaja, Tatang Hernas
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Research Vol 8 No 1 (2020): Edisi Bulan Mei (Edition for May)
Publisher : Jurusan Kimia, Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi, Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/ijcr.2020.8-jen

Abstract

Photoreduction of carbon dioxide is one of the promising method to reduce green house gas emission. Carbon dioxide can be converted into organic chemical that has higher economic value by utilizing light energy. One of the favorable product is formic acid which is can be used as hydrogen-carrier. For this process, photocatalyst plays important role as it can increase the rate of reaction and as well as the selectivity as such more desirable product can be produced. The objective of present study is to develop photocatalyst which can significantly catalyze the photoreduction process of CO2 to form formic acid. Zinc titanate doped with aluminium is used as the base photocatalyst. Photoreduction process is held in room condition using three 2800 lm lamp. Qualitative analysis of the product is done by silver solid test and acidity test while quantitative analysis is done by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) test. The silver solid test results confirm that formic acid is formed during process. Based on acidity profile data, anthocyanin as photosensitizer could increase higher acidity in the mixture than melanin. However, the concentration of formic acid in the solution is still very low so that it cannot be detected by HPLC.
Utilization of Tamarind Seeds Extract as a Natural and Sustainable Fabric Dye Istyami, Astri Nur; Arif, Muhammad; Azzindi, Muhammad Ilham; Pratiwi, Meiti; Adisasmito, Sanggono; Damayanti, Nuning Yanti; Bustomi, Agus Tendi Ahmad; Rizkiana, Jenny
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Research Vol 11 No 3 (2024): Edition for January 2024
Publisher : Jurusan Kimia, Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi, Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/ijcr.2024.11-ast

Abstract

This research focuses on the use of tannin components in tamarind seed coats as a mordant and natural dye in cotton fabrics. Tannins were extracted from the tamarind seed coat by boiling method and then the tannin content was determined. The tannin extract was then used as a natural mordant with the addition of metallic copper sulfate (CuSO4) mordant. Tannin extract is also used as a dye on fabrics with the addition of sodium sulfate (NaSO4). The color strength of the tannins in the fabric was analyzed using a spectrophotometer from the rinse water. The results showed that the cloth that had been given the mordant had a stronger color strength than the cloth without the mordant. The use of mordant was varied at concentrations of 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25%-owf. The results of the analysis showed the most optimum tannin concentration at 15%-owf. The concentration of tannin used in the coloring process was also varied at concentrations of 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25%-owf. The results of the analysis show that the concentration of tannin used in the dye does not affect the strength of the color, but only affects the brightness of this color.
Photoreduction of CO2 to Formic Acid in Aquatic Phase Using Layer Double Hydroxide (LDH) Catalyst Rizkiana, Jenny; Auliardi, Dzaky; Az Zahra, Aghietyas Choirun; Thadeo, Francesco; Saputera, Wibawa Hendra; Soerawidjaja, Tatang Hernas; Devianto, Hary
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2024: BCREC Volume 19 Issue 4 Year 2024 (December 2024)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.20199

Abstract

The increasing accumulation of CO2, the primary greenhouse gas (GHG), in the Earth's atmosphere has caused significant environmental problems and adverse climate change. Photoreduction offers promising method to convert CO2 into high value chemical compounds, such as formic acid, which can serve as a hydrogen carrier. The process of photoreduction efficiency can be enhanced by using photocatalyst capable of operating across two distinct photosystems each having a different spectrum based on the sensitivity of light. This study aims to investigate the impact of the photocatalyst preparation conditions on the activity of the resulting photocatalyst and identify which is the most effective one on the formic acid production. Photocatalysts based on Layered Double Hydroxide (LDH) composed of zinc and chromium was synthesized, resulting in Zn-Cr LDH, which was subsequently enhanced by incorporating Cu and Cu₂O. The operating temperature varied at 60 ℃ and 100 ℃. The highest yield of formic acid of 21,62 μmol.gcat-1.hr-1 was obtained at a reaction temperature of 100 ℃ using 0.3Cu@Zn-Cr LDH. This photocatalyst shows increased activity when the reaction temperature is increased to 60 ℃ and 100 ℃. In contrast, 0.3Cu2O@Zn-CrLDH showed a decreased activity at the elevated temperatures. This discrepancy attributed to the self-oxidation mechanism of Cu and Cu2O; while the oxidation of 0.3Cu@Zn-CrLDH results in Cu2O which retains photocatalytic activity, the oxidation of 0.3Cu2O@Zn-CrLDH leads to inactive CuO. This study provides valuable insight into the material design and demonstrates the potential of Cu-modified Zn-Cr LDH for sustainable CO2 reduction applications. Copyright © 2024 by Authors, Published by BCREC Publishing Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).
The Study of Hydrothermal Carbonization and Activation Factors' Effect on Mesoporous Activated Carbon Production From Sargassum sp. Using a Multilevel Factorial Design Prakoso, Tirto; Rustamaji, Heri; Yonathan, Daniel; Devianto, Hary; Widiatmoko, Pramujo; Rizkiana, Jenny; Guan, Guoqing
Reaktor Volume 22 No.2 August 2022
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/reaktor.22.2.59-69

Abstract

Seaweeds are large-scale multicellular marine algae categorized based on color as Chlorophyceae, Rhodophyceae, and Phaeophyceae. No information has been provided on the conditions affecting the production of mesoporous activated carbon from one member of the described aquatic plants, namely Sargassum sp. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the impact of the main factors and their interactions on Sargassum sp.-derived activated carbon manufactured (SAC) by hydrothermal carbonization and CO2 activation methods. A mathematical approach was employed using a multilevel factorial design with the main factors being the activator type (ZnCl2, CaCl2, & KOH), hydrothermal temperature (200, 225, & 250oC), and activator ratios (2 & 4). Meanwhile, the response variables were yield and BET surface area (SBET) of SAC. Morphological, functional, crystallographic, and porosity characterization was carried out on the samples. The SAC-Ca-200-2 sample had the highest yield, with the value being 26.5 percent of weight. The activators having the highest specific surface area (SBET) were SAC-Zn-250-4, SAC-Ca-225-2, and SAC-K-250-2, with 1552, 1368, and 1799 m2/g, respectively. The pore size distribution in SAC products ranged from 2.16 to 10 nm in diameter. The analysis conducted indicated the activator type and interaction with its ratio substantially impacted the SAC yield value; besides, only the activator type affects the formation of high surface area pores.
Low Temperature Synthesis of Biodiesel via Heterogeneous Potassium-Alumina Catalyst Az Zahra, Aghietyas Choirun; Cengko, Geraldi; Hijran, Azra; Rizkiana, Jenny
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2025: BCREC Volume 20 Issue 2 Year 2025 (August 2025)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.20349

Abstract

Indonesia, one of the world's largest producers of crude palm oil (CPO), is aiming to achieve a renewable energy mix target of 23% by 2025 through the implementation of a B35 policy, blending diesel with fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) derived from CPO transesterification. Traditionally, homogeneous catalysts are used in this process, but their sensitivity to free fatty acids reduces biodiesel yield. Therefore, heterogeneous catalysts are being developed to overcome this issue, contributing to sustainable biodiesel production. However, certain heterogeneous catalysts require high temperature, more methanol, longer reaction times, necessitating the exploration of more optimal catalyst options. This study introduces an approach by exploring the use of heterogeneous K2O/g-Al2O3 catalysts in biodiesel production from RBDPO under low-temperature conditions (40 °C), a significant reduction from the commonly operated temperature of near the boiling point of methanol at 60 °C. Utilizing KI and KNO3 as precursors, the effect on different catalyst precursor, temperatures and reaction time were examined. It was found that temperature has the highest effect on conversion. The transesterification process yielded biodiesel with FAME levels ranging from 95.84% to 98.17%, meeting the Indonesian National Standard (SNI 7182:2015) for biodiesel quality. The findings indicate that both KI and KNO3 precursors result in highly active K2O/g-Al2O3 catalysts, achieving high conversion at 40 °C within a 1-hour reaction time, thus demonstrating their effectiveness in low-temperature biodiesel synthesis. This low-temperature process has the potential to significantly reduce energy consumption in industrial biodiesel production. Copyright © 2025 by Authors, Published by BCREC Publishing Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).
Model Validation of Biomass-Coal Blends Co-Pyrolysis to Produce Hybrid Coal Zahra, Aghietyas Choirun Az; Prasetyo, Hendi Aviano; Rizkiana, Jenny; Wulandari, Winny; Sasongko, Dwiwahju
Indonesian Journal of Energy Vol. 2 No. 2 (2019): Indonesian Journal of Energy
Publisher : Purnomo Yusgiantoro Center

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33116/ije.v2i2.41

Abstract

Co-pyrolysis of coal and biomass blend to produce hybrid coal has recently been experimentally studied by some previous researchers. For similar generated energy, a newly developed hybrid coal is claimed to be more environmentally friendly compared to the coal only due to the release of neutral CO2. To acquire a better understanding of co-pyrolysis of coal and biomass blend, an experiment had been carried out in a tubular furnace reactor. For this purpose, the blends of constant mass composition of 20 wt% sawdust and 80 wt% low-rank coal were used throughout the study. It was found from the experiment that approximately 42.1% carbon, and 1.6% of ash were produced from the co-pyrolysis blend. Then, a steady state simulation of co-pyrolysis was developed using Aspen Plus v8.8 to predict the hybrid coal carbon content and required heat to perform the co-pyrolysis. The model simulation showed that hybrid coal yielded 44.0% carbon, which was at 4.5% deviation from the experimental study. The model had also been successfully used to estimate heat required to produce hybrid coal. It predicted that the equivalent heat of 336.2 kW was required to produce hybrid coal from 1,000 kg/h blend feed. The heat generated by the modeling of sawdust biomass combustion for fuel purposes was also estimated to supply heat for endothermic co-pyrolysis. It was found that 1,000 kg/h sawdust was predicted to be equivalent to 371.4 kW. This suggests that for scaling up purpose, ratio of sawdust fuel to blend feed of 1:1.1 is sufficient for this process.
Pengembangan Katalis dan Teknologi Produksi BioBTX dari Tandan Kosong Sawit Semeru, Husain Akbar; Subagjo, Subagjo; Rizkiana, Jenny; Winoto, Haryo Pandu; Rasrendra, Carolus Barromeus; Nurrusyda, Fajriana Shafira
Kimia Padjadjaran Vol 1, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Kimia Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Produksi BioBTX (Benzena, Toluena dan Xilena) dari Tandan Kosong Sawit menjadi suatu alternatif menarik dalam produksi bahan kimia berbasis biomassa. Pengaruh katalis dan sumber hidrogen dalam produksi BioBTX telah dipelajari dengan menggunakan reaktor hidrotermal. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan katalis bimetal Nikel-Molibdenum dengan penyangga H-Al-β sebagai asam Brønsted dan Sn-β sebagai asam Lewis dimana asam format dalam etanol (FA-EtOH) dan isopropil alkohol (IPA) digunakan sebagai agen transfer hidrogen. Percobaan dilakukan pada temperatur 300oC selama 1 jam untuk setiap percobaan sumber hidrogen dan katalis. Temperatur reaksi divariasikan pada 225oC, 255oC dan 300oC dengan variasi waktu reaksi 1 dan 2 jam. Berdasarkan hasil percobaan, sistem FA-EtOH memiliki keunggulan dibandingkan sistem IPA yaitu selektifitas eterifikasi pelarut yang lebih rendah baik pada katalis NiMo/H-Al-β dan NiMo/Sn-β. Dari segi katalis, katalis NiMo/H-Al-β memiliki kinerja yang lebih baik dibandingkan NiMo/Sn-β baik pada sistem FA-EtOH maupun sistem IPA. Konversi NiMo/H-Al-β tertinggi didapatkan pada sistem IPA sebesar 51,08% dan pada sistem FA-EtOH sebesar 48,66%. Namun pada sistem IPA reaksi cenderung ke arah alkilasi-C cincin aromatik sehingga secara sebaran produk sistem FA-EtOH lebih baik. Adapun pengujian pengaruh temperatur yang dilakukan menggunakan sistem FA-EtOH dengan katalis NiMo/H-Al-β menunjukan penurunan konversi guaiacol dari 48,66% pada 300oC menjadi 24,64% pada 255oC. Adapun pada suhu 225oC, tidak terjadi reaksi pada guaiacol. Toluena terdeteksi pada kondisi operasi 255oC selama 2 jam pada sistem FA-EtOH berkatalis NiMo/H-Al-β.
Hematite-Gamma Alumina-based Solid Catalyst Development for Biodiesel Production from Palm Oil Rizkiana, Jenny; Bryan, Bryan; Gozali, Edbert; Bustomi, Agus Tendi Ahmad; Prakoso, Tirto
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol. 56 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Directorate for Research and Community Services, Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2024.56.1.4

Abstract

This research investigated the performance of hematite-gamma alumina (Fe2O3/γ-Al2O3) catalyst in biodiesel production from palm oil. A full factorial experimental design was utilized to analyze the effect of hematite content, catalyst loading, and methanol-to-oil ratio on catalyst performance. From the experiment, biodiesel in the range of 73.6 to 87.6% FAME content was obtained. It was concluded that the catalyst composition, the methanol-to-oil ratio, and the catalyst loading have a significant effect on the FAME content of the biodiesel. Hematite has strong affinity for fatty acids, so a larger hematite surface area will result in a higher fatty acid absorption capacity. The addition of excess methanol can reduce the contact inhibition between the reactants and the active site of the catalyst, thereby increasing the conversion rate of the reaction. Moreover, a higher amount of catalyst loading can result in an increase in the FAME content when accompanied by an increase in the hematite content of the catalyst.
Co-Authors Adisasmito, Sanggono Aghietyas Choirun Az Zahra Auliardi, Dzaky Az Zahra, Aghietyas Choirun Azzindi, Muhammad Ilham Bryan Bryan Bustomi, Agus Tendi Ahmad Cengko, Geraldi Daniel Yonathan, Daniel Devianto, Hary Dwiwahju Sasongko Gozali, Edbert Guan, Guoqing Heri Rustamaji Hijran, Azra Istyami, Astri Nur Muhammad Arif Nuning Yanti Damayanti Nurrusyda, Fajriana Shafira Prasetyo, Hendi Aviano Pratiwi, Meiti Rasrendra, Carolus Barromeus Saputera, Wibawa Hendra Semeru, Husain Akbar Subagjo Subagjo Tatang Hernas Soerawidjaja Thadeo, Francesco Tirto Prakoso Widiatmoko, Pramujo Winny Wulandari, Winny Winoto, Haryo Pandu Zahra, Aghietyas Choirun Az